资源简介

Section Ⅲ　Grammar and usage
　　　(语法项目——复杂句分析)
语境中体悟
Probably everyone dreams of having a great career, but first let's define what this means①.When thinking about what makes a career great, many ideas may bounce around in your head②.Please close your eyes and think of someone professional and successful③.It could be a famous entrepreneur, a great leader, a scientist, an artist or a teacher who had a great influence on you④.My choice would be Marie Curie.For me, she is great not just because she was world－famous, but because she made great contributions to mankind⑤.Being a female scientist was much less common in her time, but in spite of this she devoted her life to her career.So I have come to the conclusion that if you want a great career, you need to commit yourself to something meaningful⑥.I believe all great careers have this in common⑦.
[语法入门]
句①为but连接的并列复合句，第二个分句中含有what引导的宾语从句，作动词define的宾语；
句②为主从复合句，句中含有when引导的时间状语从句的省略形式，该从句中又含有what引导的宾语从句，作介词about的宾语；
句③为and连接的并列句；
句④为主从复合句，句中含有who引导的定语从句；
句⑤为主从复合句，句中含有not ...but ...连接的两个并列的原因状语从句，从句都由because引导；
句⑥为主从复合句，that引导同位语从句，从句中含有if引导的条件状语从句；
句⑦为主从复合句，句中含有省略了连接词that的宾语从句。
学案中理清
一、简单句-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
简单句就是由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成的句子。简单句有五种基本句式，其他各种句式都是由这五种基本句式演变而来。
1 主语＋谓语(不及物动词)
2 主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语
3 主语＋系动词＋表语
4 主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语＋直接宾语
5 主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语＋宾语补足语
[对点练]
写出下面简单句的基本类型(“主谓”结构/“主谓宾”结构/“主系表”结构/“主谓宾宾”结构/“主谓宾补”结构)
①The Internet makes our lives easy and convenient.______________
②Actually, people can get by with a few local expressions when traveling to a foreign country.______________
③Most importantly, it's vital to mind your table manners.______________
④The table tennis team of our school is looking for new players right now.______________
⑤You showed me some photos on environmental protection.______________
二、并列句--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
并列句由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词(短语)连接。
并列连词 用法
and, both ...and ..., not only ...but (also) ...等 表示并列、顺承或递进关系
but, yet, whereas等 表示转折关系
or, either ...or ..., not ...but ...等 表示选择关系
for, so 表示因果关系。for连接的分句一般不能放在句首
and, or 表示条件或结果关系，常用于句型“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”中
while 作为并列连词，强调两种情况的对比
　|名|师|点|津|
(1)when可用作并列连词，相当于and at this/that time，意为“正在这/那时，突然”，常用于下列句式：①sb.be about to do/going to do/on the point of doing sth.when ...“某人正要做某事，这时(突然)……”；
②sb.be doing sth.when ...“某人正在做某事，这时(突然)……”；
③sb.had just done sth.when ...“某人刚做完某事，这时(突然)……”。
(2)并列句常用句型：祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句，有时祈使句部分也可用名词短语。
[对点练]　(单句语法填空)
①(2025·浙江1月高考)Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead on/upon the fact that they have something unique to wear __________ are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill.
②(2023·全国乙卷)It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn't work, __________ somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.
③...the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier __________ that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.
④At school, some students are active ________ some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.
⑤We were walking side by side __________ suddenly we both sank to knee depth in the mud.
⑥Follow your doctor's advice, __________ your cough will get worse.
三、主从复合句--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
主从复合句包括三大从句：定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句。
1．定语从句的引导词
关系代词 that, which, who, whom, whose, as (在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语)
关系副词 where, when, why (在从句中充当状语)
2．名词性从句的引导词
连接代词 what, who, whom, whose, which, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever (在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语)
连接副词 when, where, how, why, whenever, however, wherever (在从句中充当状语)
从属连词 that, whether/if, because, as if, as though (在从句中不充当成分)
3．状语从句的引导词
时间状语从句 when, while, as, before, since, until, as soon as, the moment/minute/instant, every time, directly/immediately/instantly, no sooner ...than, hardly ...when等
地点状语从句 where, wherever等
目的状语从句 in order that, so that, for fear that, in the hope that, in case等
原因状语从句 because, as, since, now that, considering that等
条件状语从句 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that, providing/provided (that)等
让步状语从句 though, although, as (用于倒装结构), while (一般位于句首), even though, even if, 疑问词＋－ever, no matter ＋ 疑问词， whether ...or ...等
结果状语从句 so ...that ..., such ...that ..., so that等
比较状语从句 than, as, the ＋比较级 ..., the ＋比较级 ...等
方式状语从句 as, as if, as though等
[对点练]　(单句语法填空)
①BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool __________ gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.
②...but be sure to carefully evaluate every school __________ has accepted you, since you had particular reasons for applying to each school.
③And it evaluates __________ well you combine your listening, reading, speaking and writing skills to perform academic tasks.
④The watch, __________ was a gift from his father, was very important to him and he was determined to find it.
⑤It was __________ successful that he designed the present one, which measures roughly 200 square meters.
⑥So __________ you want to eat less, some suggest that eating from blue plates should help.
⑦__________ you are travelling abroad, here are the tips you need to make your trip much easier.
⑧Most didn't know the answers __________ they learn by rote (死记硬背)．
⑨The teacher is a good teacher because she always tries her best to be the one ________ classes are more active and lively with some stories and examples.
⑩Get yourself familiar with local laws and customs of the countries to __________ you are travelling.
At that time I was in Texas and I had a friend __________ family business was running hotels.
To the Egyptians, green was a color __________ represented the hope and joy of spring.
应用中融通
Ⅰ.分析下列短文中波浪线部分的句式结构
A
A key aspect of scientific judgment is that it is done collectively (__________从句)．No claim gets accepted until it has been vetted by dozens (____________ 从句), if not hundreds, of heads.In areas that have been contested (__________从句), like climate science and vaccine safety, it's thousands.This is why we are generally justified in not worrying too much if a single scientist, even a very famous one, disagrees with the claim (________ 从句)．
B
In yet another example, a fascination with the new has led people to believe that the recent changes in the technologies of communications and transportation are so revolutionary that now we live in a “borderless world” (__________ 从句中含有so ...that ...引导的______________从句)．As a result, in the last twenty years or so, many people have come to believe that whatever change is happening today is the result of great technological progress, going against which will be like trying to turn the clock back (__________从句中含有whatever引导的__________从句以及which引导的__________从句)．
Ⅱ.分析下列长难句并尝试翻译
1．As part of the package, initial and follow－up training sessions are provided and accommodation is available if required.
[分析]　这是一个并列主从复合句。句子的第二个and连接两个__________，第一个分句是被动结构，第二个分句中含有条件状语从句的省略，其中的“if required”由“______________”省略而来。
[尝试翻译]　________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
2．I didn't think about it much until a morning last week when I knocked my favorite teapot off the table.
[分析]　这是一个主从复合句。when引导__________从句，修饰先行词 __________。
[尝试翻译]　________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
3．As I watched him take off his basketball uniform and replace it with a baseball uniform, I saw him leaving behind the layer that no longer served him, just as our lizard had.
[分析]　这是一个主从复合句。其中“As ...baseball uniform”是______________从句，从句的基本结构是______________________________；主句是I saw him leaving ...，其中的宾语layer后又跟着一个__________从句。
[尝试翻译]　________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
4．The doctor who is also a poet and philosopher is a superior doctor, one who can give so much more to his patients than just good medical skills.
[分析]　这是一个主从复合句。本句的主干为__________________________，第一个who引导__________从句，修饰第一个doctor，而同位语one后面跟了一个__________从句。
[尝试翻译]　________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
It generally prepares people to work in a specific occupation by teaching theory in the classroom and offering hands－on training in the workplace.
它通常通过在课堂上教授理论和在工作场所提供实践培训来使人们为从事特定职业的工作做好准备。
★occupation n．工作，职业；消遣；侵占，占领期；使用
|用|法|感|知|
·You will be asked to fill in a form with details of your birth and occupation.
你将需要填写一张包含你的生日和职业详情的表格。
·(“道歉”类佳句)I'm sorry to tell you that I can't accompany you to the bookstore this Saturday, as I am occupied (in) preparing for an upcoming examination.
很抱歉地告诉你，这个周六我不能陪你去书店了，因为我正忙着准备即将到来的考试。
[归纳点拨]
(1)occupy v．　　　　　 占用，占去(时间)
occupy sb./oneself (in) doing sth. 使某人/自己忙于做某事
occupy sb./oneself with sth. 使某人/自己忙于某事
(2)occupied adj. 被占用的，使用中的
be occupied in doing sth. 　　 忙于做某事
be occupied with sth. 　　 忙于某事
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①In my spare time, I have been occupied in __________ (practise) my oral English so I speak English fluently.
②Please fill in your name, address and __________ (occupy) in this form.
(2)句式升级
I was occupied doing this project, so I had no time for social activities.
③__________________________， I had no time for social activities.(过去分词短语作状语)
④__________________________， I had no time for social activities.(现在分词短语作状语)
Section Ⅲ　Grammar and usage
语法专题突破
学案中理清 　
一、①“主谓宾补”结构　②“主谓”结构　③“主系表”结构
④“主谓宾”结构　⑤“主谓宾宾”结构
二、①and　②but　③and　④while　⑤when　⑥or
三、①that/which　②that　③how　④which　⑤so　⑥if
⑦If/When/While　⑧because/as/since　⑨whose　⑩which　 whose　 which/that
应用中融通 　
Ⅰ.A：表语；时间状语；定语；表语　B：宾语；结果状语；宾语；主语；定语
Ⅱ.1.并列句； if it is required
作为整套流程的一部分，我们提供最初的以及后续的培训，并且，如果有要求的话，我们提供住宿。
2．定语； morning
之前我一直没有多想，直到上周的一个早晨，我把我最心爱的茶壶从桌子上碰了下来。
3．时间状语； I watched him take off ...and replace ...；定语
当我看着他脱下篮球服，换上棒球服时，我看到他就像蜥蜴一样脱下了那层不再适合他的衣服。
4．The doctor is a superior doctor；定语；定语
这位既是诗人又是哲学家的医生非常优秀，他能给他的病人提供更多的东西，而不只是优秀的医术。
新知深化学习
①practising　②occupation　③Occupied doing this project
④Occupying myself doing this project(共66张PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Grammar and usage
(语法项目——复杂句分析)
目 录
NO.1 语法专题突破
NO.2 新知深化学习
课时检测
语法专题突破
NO.1
语境中体悟
Probably everyone dreams of having a great career, but first let's define what this means①.When thinking about what makes a career great, many ideas may bounce around in your head②.Please close your eyes and think of someone professional and successful③.It could be a famous entrepreneur, a great leader, a scientist, an artist or a teacher who had a great influence on you④.
My choice would be Marie Curie.For me, she is great not just because she was world－famous, but because she made great contributions to mankind⑤.Being a female scientist was much less common in her time, but in spite of this she devoted her life to her career.So I have come to the conclusion that if you want a great career, you need to commit yourself to something meaningful⑥.I believe all great careers have this in common⑦.
[语法入门]
句①为but连接的并列复合句，第二个分句中含有what引导的宾语从句，作动词define的宾语；
句②为主从复合句，句中含有when引导的时间状语从句的省略形式，该从句中又含有what引导的宾语从句，作介词about的宾语；
句③为and连接的并列句；
句④为主从复合句，句中含有who引导的定语从句；
句⑤为主从复合句，句中含有not ...but ...连接的两个并列的原因状语从句，从句都由because引导；
句⑥为主从复合句，that引导同位语从句，从句中含有if引导的条件状语从句；
句⑦为主从复合句，句中含有省略了连接词that的宾语从句。
学案中理清
一、简单句 　
简单句就是由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成的句子。简单句有五种基本句式，其他各种句式都是由这五种基本句式演变而来。
1 主语＋谓语(不及物动词)
2 主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语
3 主语＋系动词＋表语
4 主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语＋直接宾语
5 主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语＋宾语补足语
[对点练]
写出下面简单句的基本类型(“主谓”结构/“主谓宾”结构/“主系表”结构/“主谓宾宾”结构/“主谓宾补”结构)
①The Internet makes our lives easy and convenient. ______________
②Actually, people can get by with a few local expressions when traveling to a foreign country. ___________
“主谓宾补”结构
“主谓”结构
③Most importantly, it's vital to mind your table manners. _____________
④The table tennis team of our school is looking for new players right now.
_____________
⑤You showed me some photos on environmental protection.
_____________
“主系表”结构
“主谓宾”结构
“主谓宾宾”结构
二、并列句　
并列句由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词(短语)连接。
并列连词 用法
and, both ...and ..., not only ...but (also) ...等 表示并列、顺承或递进关系
but, yet, whereas等 表示转折关系
续表　
or, either ...or ..., not ...but ...等 表示选择关系
for, so 表示因果关系。for连接的分句一般不能放在句首
and, or 表示条件或结果关系，常用于句型“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”中
while 作为并列连词，强调两种情况的对比
　|名|师|点|津|
(1)when可用作并列连词，相当于and at this/that time，意为“正在这/那时，突然”，常用于下列句式：①sb.be about to do/going to do/on the point of doing sth.when ...“某人正要做某事，这时(突然)……”；
②sb.be doing sth.when ...“某人正在做某事，这时(突然)……”；
③sb.had just done sth.when ...“某人刚做完某事，这时(突然)……”。
(2)并列句常用句型：祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句，有时祈使句部分也可用名词短语。
[对点练]　(单句语法填空)
①(2025·浙江1月高考)Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead on/upon the fact that they have something unique to wear _____are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill.
②(2023·全国乙卷)It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn't work, _____ somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.
and
but
③...the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier _____that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.
④At school, some students are active ______some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.
⑤We were walking side by side _____suddenly we both sank to knee depth in the mud.
⑥Follow your doctor's advice, ___ your cough will get worse.
and
while
when
or
三、主从复合句　
主从复合句包括三大从句：定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句。
1．定语从句的引导词
关系代词 that, which, who, whom, whose, as (在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语)
关系副词 where, when, why (在从句中充当状语)
2．名词性从句的引导词
连接代词 what, who, whom, whose, which, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever
(在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语)
连接副词 when, where, how, why, whenever, however, wherever (在从句中充当状语)
从属连词 that, whether/if, because, as if, as though
(在从句中不充当成分)
3．状语从句的引导词
时间状语从句 when, while, as, before, since, until, as soon as, the moment/minute/instant, every time, directly/immediately/instantly, no sooner ...than, hardly ...when等
地点状语从句 where, wherever等
目的状语从句 in order that, so that, for fear that, in the hope that, in case等
续表
原因状语从句 because, as, since, now that, considering that等
条件状语从句 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that, providing/provided (that)等
让步状语从句 though, although, as (用于倒装结构), while (一般位于句首), even though, even if, 疑问词＋－ever,
no matter ＋ 疑问词， whether ...or ...等
续表
结果状语从句 so ...that ..., such ...that ..., so that等
比较状语从句 than, as, the ＋比较级 ..., the ＋比较级 ...等
方式状语从句 as, as if, as though等
[对点练]　(单句语法填空)
①BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool __________ gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.
②...but be sure to carefully evaluate every school ______has accepted you, since you had particular reasons for applying to each school.
③And it evaluates ____ well you combine your listening, reading, speaking and writing skills to perform academic tasks.
that/which
that
how
④The watch, ______was a gift from his father, was very important to him and he was determined to find it.
⑤It was ___ successful that he designed the present one, which measures roughly 200 square meters.
⑥So ___ you want to eat less, some suggest that eating from blue plates should help.
⑦ ______________ you are travelling abroad, here are the tips you need to make your trip much easier.
which
so
if
If/When/While
⑧Most didn't know the answers ________________they learn by rote (死记硬背)．
⑨The teacher is a good teacher because she always tries her best to be the one _______ classes are more active and lively with some stories and examples.
⑩Get yourself familiar with local laws and customs of the countries to _______ you are travelling.
because/as/since
whose
which
At that time I was in Texas and I had a friend _______ family business was running hotels.
To the Egyptians, green was a color ___________represented the hope and joy of spring.
whose
which/that
Ⅰ.分析下列短文中波浪线部分的句式结构
A
A key aspect of scientific judgment is that it is done collectively (_____从句)．No claim gets accepted until it has been vetted by dozens (________从句), if not hundreds, of heads.In areas that have been contested (_____从句), like climate science and vaccine safety, it's thousands.This is why we are generally justified in not worrying too much if a single scientist, even a very famous one, disagrees with the claim (_____从句)．
表语
时间状语
应用中融通
定语
表语
B
In yet another example, a fascination with the new has led people to believe that the recent changes in the technologies of communications and transportation are so revolutionary that now we live in a “borderless world” (_____从句中含有so ...that ...引导的_________从句)．As a result, in the last twenty years or so, many people have come to believe that whatever change is happening today is the result of great technological progress, going against which will be like trying to turn the clock back (_____从句中含有whatever引导的______从句以及which引导的_____从句)．
宾语
结果状语
宾语
主语
定语
Ⅱ.分析下列长难句并尝试翻译
1．As part of the package, initial and follow－up training sessions are provided and accommodation is available if required.
[分析]　这是一个并列主从复合句。句子的第二个and连接两个_______，第一个分句是被动结构，第二个分句中含有条件状语从句的省略，其中的“if required”由“_______________”省略而来。
[尝试翻译]　______________________________________________
_________________________________________
并列句
if it is required
作为整套流程的一部分，我们提供最初的以及后续的
培训，并且，如果有要求的话，我们提供住宿。
2．I didn't think about it much until a morning last week when I knocked my favorite teapot off the table.
[分析]　这是一个主从复合句。when引导______从句，修饰先行词_________ 。
[尝试翻译] _______________________________________________
______________________________
定语
morning
最心爱的茶壶从桌子上碰了下来。
之前我一直没有多想，直到上周的一个早晨，我把我
3．As I watched him take off his basketball uniform and replace it with a baseball uniform, I saw him leaving behind the layer that no longer served him, just as our lizard had.
[分析]　这是一个主从复合句。其中“As ...baseball uniform”是________从句，从句的基本结构是_________________________________；主句是I saw him leaving ...，其中的宾语layer后又跟着一个_____从句。
[尝试翻译] _______________________________________________
_____________________________________
时间状语
I watched him take off ...and replace ...
像蜥蜴一样脱下了那层不再适合他的衣服。
当我看着他脱下篮球服，换上棒球服时，我看到他就
定语
4．The doctor who is also a poet and philosopher is a superior doctor, one who can give so much more to his patients than just good medical skills.
[分析]　这是一个主从复合句。本句的主干为________________
_______________，第一个who引导______从句，修饰第一个doctor，而同位语one后面跟了一个_____从句。
[尝试翻译] _______________________________________________
__________________________________________
The doctor is a
的病人提供更多的东西，而不只是优秀的医术。
这位既是诗人又是哲学家的医生非常优秀，他能给他
定语
superior doctor
定语
新知深化学习
NO.2
It generally prepares people to work in a specific occupation by teaching theory in the classroom and offering hands－on training in the workplace.
它通常通过在课堂上教授理论和在工作场所提供实践培训来使人们为从事特定职业的工作做好准备。
★occupation n．工作，职业；消遣；侵占，占领期；使用
|用|法|感|知|
·You will be asked to fill in a form with details of your birth and occupation.
你将需要填写一张包含你的生日和职业详情的表格。
·(“道歉”类佳句)I'm sorry to tell you that I can't accompany you to the bookstore this Saturday, as I am occupied (in) preparing for an upcoming examination.
很抱歉地告诉你，这个周六我不能陪你去书店了，因为我正忙着准备即将到来的考试。
[归纳点拨]
(1)occupy v．　　　　　 占用，占去(时间)
occupy sb./oneself (in) doing sth. 使某人/自己忙于做某事
occupy sb./oneself with sth. 使某人/自己忙于某事
(2)occupied adj. 被占用的，使用中的
be occupied in doing sth. 　　 忙于做某事
be occupied with sth. 　　 忙于某事
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①In my spare time, I have been occupied in ___________(practise) my oral English so I speak English fluently.
②Please fill in your name, address and __________(occupy) in this form.
practising
occupation
(2)句式升级
I was occupied doing this project, so I had no time for social activities.
③_________________________, I had no time for social activities.(过去分词短语作状语)
④_______________________________, I had no time for social activities.(现在分词短语作状语)
Occupied doing this project
Occupying myself doing this project
课时检测
(标 语篇配有教师讲评课件)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
If you grew up in a household that had its fair share of bookshelves, it might say something positive about your personality when you're all grown－up.
This new study found that people who grew up in book－filled homes have higher levels of reading, maths, and technological skills.The researchers analyzed data featuring 160,000 adults aged 25 to 65 across 31 nations.All participants were asked how many books there were in their home when they were 16 years old.They chose from a series of alternatives ranging from “10 or less” to “more than 500”．
If a household held at least 80 books, then participants went on to display the average level of literacy (读写能力) and numeracy (计算能力)．The level of literacy continued to increase in parallel to the number of books a household contained until the level didn't increase from 350 books onwards.Furthermore, young teenagers who grew up around books were shown to have the same levels of literacy and numeracy as university graduates who had only grown up around a few books.
Literacy was clarified as “the ability to read effectively to participate in society and achieve personal goals”．Participants took tests that “captured a range of basics of advanced comprehension skills, from reading brief texts for a single piece of information to synthesizing (综合) information from complex texts”．Numeracy tests measured the “ability to use mathematical concepts in everyday life”， while IT－related tests “assessed the ability to use digital technology to communicate with others, as well as to gather, analyze, and synthesize information”．
The results suggest those books made a long－term difference.“Growing up with home libraries improves adult skills in these areas beyond the benefits from parental education, or one's own educational or occupational attainment，” the researchers reported.Not surprisingly, the biggest effect was on reading ability.“The total effects of home library size on literacy are large everywhere，” the researchers reported.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，在充满书籍的家庭中长大的人有更高的阅读、数学和技术技能水平。
1．What can we learn from the new study
A．Homes filled with books do much benefit to one's growth.
B．One's literacy and numeracy are finally shaped at the age of 16.
C．All participants need to have ten to more than 500 books at home.
D．Those reading a lot are more competent than university graduates.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，在充满书籍的家庭中长大的人有更高的阅读、数学和技术技能水平，即对一个人的成长有诸多益处。
2．What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A．The benefit of literacy, numeracy and IT ability.
B．The measurement of literacy, numeracy and IT ability.
C．The relation between literacy, numeracy and IT ability.
D．The difference between literacy, numeracy and IT ability.
√
解析：段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，本段主要介绍了读写能力测试、计算能力测试和与信息技术相关的测试这三种测试所测试的内容。
3．According to the text, growing up in book－filled homes influences one's most.
A．parental education
B．occupational attainment
C．calculating ability
D．reading ability
√
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Not surprisingly, the biggest effect was on reading ability.”可知，家庭藏书量对一个人的阅读能力影响最大。
4．What is the author's purpose in writing the text
A．To describe the importance of receiving good education.
B．To clarify the effect of home library size on one's adult skills.
C．To explain the necessity of acquiring literacy and numeracy.
D．To introduce methods of improving one's literacy and numeracy.
√
解析：写作意图题。本文第二、三段具体分析了家庭藏书量对一个人能力的影响；第四段具体介绍了研究中所使用的测试的内容；第五段又进一步强调了家庭藏书量的深远影响。由此可知，作者的写作意图在于阐明家庭藏书量对一个人成年之后能力的影响。
Ⅱ.完形填空
I'd love to have been a journalist.But I wasn't 5 enough.I was always able to write a good letter — I just couldn't stare at a blank sheet of paper and 6 a story.So I went into advertising after university and 7 fell in love with it.
I always had the 8 of speech.I was schooled at the dinner table.My father used to 9 arguments, saying we needed to learn how to make our case.It could get pretty 10 .At school I ended up being captain of lots of things, not because I was the best player but because I could 11 people to do things.I learnt that you don't have to be the most academically 12 ， or even the most original thinker — 13 is a big part of the battle.No wonder I felt at home in advertising.
People 14 to stay in one company almost for life；I was always looking for the next 15 to learn.I got into the advertising industry at a multinational company, and 16 a lot of experience, and then went to another global company to get creative experience.It 17 me new－business director.Later I started my own business, which was an amazing 18 .
My next move will be to 19 all my skills in pioneering work.I know there is no end to learning.I will live and learn.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者得益于父亲的教导，毕业后在广告业如鱼得水。在不同公司进行学习和尝试后，作者的创业也大获成功。
解析：根据下文中的“I just couldn't stare at a blank sheet of paper and a story”可推断，作者是一个创造力不足的人。
5．A.brave　　　　　　　　 B．serious
C．creative D．humble
√
解析：根据语境可知，作者之所以没有继续追逐自己的记者梦是因为创造力不够，他无法盯着白纸想出一个故事来。come up with“提出，想出”。
6．A.listen to B．refer to
C．put up with D．come up with
√
解析：根据下文中的“I felt at home in advertising”可推断，作者在广告业感到很自在，此处指他一进入广告业就立刻爱上了这个行业。
7．A.blindly B．merely
C．immediately D．hardly
√
解析：根据第二段的内容可推断，作者在讲话方面很有天赋。
8．A.gift B．habit
C．secret D．style
√
9．A.start B．avoid
C．evaluate D．support
√
解析：根据上文中的“I was schooled at the dinner table.”和常识可知，父亲会先发表论点，然后教作者如何阐述理由。
10．A.funny B．heated
C．simple D．boring
√
解析：根据语境和常识可知，这些讨论有时候会非常激烈。
解析：结合上文中的“being captain of lots of things”可知，作者可以调动大家做事情，所以最终做了队长。
11．A.get B．beg
C．force D．allow
√
解析：根据上文中的“not because I was the best player”可推断，你不必非得在学业上最聪明。bright“聪明的，悟性强的”。
12．A.strict B．dependent
C．precise D．bright
√
13．A.ambition B．responsibility
C．honesty D．communication
√
解析：根据作者的家庭教育和上文中的“but because I ...do things”可知，交流是很重要的。
14．A.failed B．tended
C．learned D．refused
√
解析：根据下文中的对比“I was always looking for the next to learn”可知，此处指人们倾向于几乎一辈子都待在同一个公司。
解析：根据下文可推断，作者总是在寻找下一个学习的机会。
15．A.turn B．reason
C．method D．chance
√
解析：此处与下文中的“to get creative experience”呼应，空处考查get的同义转换，故选gained。
16．A.gained B．shared
C．presented D．exchanged
√
解析：根据上文可知，作者学到了很多，这使得他成了新业务经理。
17．A.showed B．made
C．offered D．brought
√
解析：根据语境可知，作者创业也取得了成功。
18．A.solution B．discovery
C．success D．schedule
√
19．A.quit B．reflect
C．employ D．change
√
解析：根据下文中的“I will live and learn.”可知，作者会不断学习，并将自己学到的知识应用到探索性的工作中。
Ⅲ.语法填空(15分)( )
For much of history, reading was a fairly noisy activity.Today, however, the majority of us read the words in our heads as if 20 (sit) in a library.
Recent studies provide ample evidence 21 the ancient art of reading aloud has a number of benefits, from helping improve our memories 22 strengthening emotional bonds between people.
According to the research on the impacts of reading on memory, people consistently remember words and texts 23 (well) if reading them aloud than if reading them silently.This phenomenon has been named the “production effect”， which means that producing 24 (write) words — namely, reading them out loud — improves our memory of them.Even just silently mouthing the words makes 25 (they) more memorable.
One reason why people remember the spoken words better is that it gives us 26 additional basis for memory.We are 27 (general) better at recalling events that require active involvement.For instance, producing a word in 28 (respond) to a question makes it easier to remember.
In a time when our interaction with others and the large amount of information we take in 29 (be) all too transient (转瞬即逝的), perhaps it is worth making a bit more time for reading out loud.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了朗读对改善我们的记忆力和加强人与人之间的情感纽带的益处及其原因，并建议人们多朗读。
20．sitting　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处省略了主语和系动词；根据语境可知，此处表示，然而，今天，我们大多数人都像坐在图书馆里一样在脑子里读文字，这里强调动作正在发生，应用现在分词形式，故填sitting。
21．that　考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，补充说明名词evidence的具体内容，故用that引导该从句。
22．to　考查介词。from ...to ...为固定搭配，意为“从……到……”。
23．better　考查副词比较级。根据空后的“than”可知，空处应用比较级表示人们朗读比默读能更好地记住单词和文章。
24．written　考查形容词。空处修饰名词“words”，应用形容词。故填written。
25．them　考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处作动词make的宾语，指代该句中的“the words”，故填them。
26．an　考查冠词。此处表示“一种额外的基础”，应用不定冠词，且additional以元音音素开头，故填an。
27．generally　考查副词。空处修饰形容词better，应用副词形式。
28．response/responding　考查名词或非谓语动词。in response to为固定搭配，意为“对……作出回应”。介词in后应用动名词，也可用responding。故填response/responding。
29．are　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，此处表示客观情况，应用一般现在时；从句的主语为复数概念，谓语动词应用复数形式，故填are。UNIT 4　课时检测(三)　Grammar and usage
Ⅰ.阅读理解
If you grew up in a household that had its fair share of bookshelves, it might say something positive about your personality when you're all grown－up.
This new study found that people who grew up in book－filled homes have higher levels of reading, maths, and technological skills.The researchers analyzed data featuring 160,000 adults aged 25 to 65 across 31 nations.All participants were asked how many books there were in their home when they were 16 years old.They chose from a series of alternatives ranging from “10 or less” to “more than 500”．
If a household held at least 80 books, then participants went on to display the average level of literacy (读写能力) and numeracy (计算能力)．The level of literacy continued to increase in parallel to the number of books a household contained until the level didn't increase from 350 books onwards.Furthermore, young teenagers who grew up around books were shown to have the same levels of literacy and numeracy as university graduates who had only grown up around a few books.
Literacy was clarified as “the ability to read effectively to participate in society and achieve personal goals”．Participants took tests that “captured a range of basics of advanced comprehension skills, from reading brief texts for a single piece of information to synthesizing (综合) information from complex texts”．Numeracy tests measured the “ability to use mathematical concepts in everyday life”， while IT－related tests “assessed the ability to use digital technology to communicate with others, as well as to gather, analyze, and synthesize information”．
The results suggest those books made a long－term difference.“Growing up with home libraries improves adult skills in these areas beyond the benefits from parental education, or one's own educational or occupational attainment，” the researchers reported.Not surprisingly, the biggest effect was on reading ability.“The total effects of home library size on literacy are large everywhere，” the researchers reported.
1．What can we learn from the new study
A．Homes filled with books do much benefit to one's growth.
B．One's literacy and numeracy are finally shaped at the age of 16.
C．All participants need to have ten to more than 500 books at home.
D．Those reading a lot are more competent than university graduates.
2．What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A．The benefit of literacy, numeracy and IT ability.
B．The measurement of literacy, numeracy and IT ability.
C．The relation between literacy, numeracy and IT ability.
D．The difference between literacy, numeracy and IT ability.
3．According to the text, growing up in book－filled homes influences one's ________ most.
A．parental education
B．occupational attainment
C．calculating ability
D．reading ability
4．What is the author's purpose in writing the text
A．To describe the importance of receiving good education.
B．To clarify the effect of home library size on one's adult skills.
C．To explain the necessity of acquiring literacy and numeracy.
D．To introduce methods of improving one's literacy and numeracy.
Ⅱ.完形填空
I'd love to have been a journalist.But I wasn't __5__ enough.I was always able to write a good letter — I just couldn't stare at a blank sheet of paper and __6__ a story.So I went into advertising after university and __7__ fell in love with it.
I always had the __8__ of speech.I was schooled at the dinner table.My father used to __9__ arguments, saying we needed to learn how to make our case.It could get pretty __10__.At school I ended up being captain of lots of things, not because I was the best player but because I could __11__ people to do things.I learnt that you don't have to be the most academically __12__， or even the most original thinker — __13__ is a big part of the battle.No wonder I felt at home in advertising.
People __14__ to stay in one company almost for life；I was always looking for the next __15__ to learn.I got into the advertising industry at a multinational company, and __16__ a lot of experience, and then went to another global company to get creative experience.It __17__ me new－business director.Later I started my own business, which was an amazing __18__.
My next move will be to __19__ all my skills in pioneering work.I know there is no end to learning.I will live and learn.
5．A.brave　 B．Serious C．creative D．humble
6．A.listen to B．refer to C．put up with D．come up with
7．A.blindly B．Merely C．immediately D．hardly
8．A.gift　　　　　 B．Habit C．secret D．style
9．A.start B．Avoid C．evaluate D．support
10．A.funny B．Heated C．simple D．boring
11．A.get B．Beg C．force D．allow
12．A.strict B．Dependent C．precise D．bright
13．A.ambition B．Responsibility C．honesty D．communication
14．A.failed B．Tended C．learned D．refused
15．A.turn B．Reason C．method D．chance
16．A.gained B．Shared C．presented D．exchanged
17．A.showed B．Made C．offered D．brought
18．A.solution B．Discovery C．success D．schedule
19．A.quit B．Reflect C．employ D．change
Ⅲ.语法填空(15分)()
For much of history, reading was a fairly noisy activity.Today, however, the majority of us read the words in our heads as if 20.__________ (sit) in a library.
Recent studies provide ample evidence 21.__________ the ancient art of reading aloud has a number of benefits, from helping improve our memories 22.__________ strengthening emotional bonds between people.
According to the research on the impacts of reading on memory, people consistently remember words and texts 23.__________ (well) if reading them aloud than if reading them silently.This phenomenon has been named the “production effect”， which means that producing 24.__________ (write) words — namely, reading them out loud — improves our memory of them.Even just silently mouthing the words makes 25.__________ (they) more memorable.
One reason why people remember the spoken words better is that it gives us 26.__________ additional basis for memory.We are 27.__________ (general) better at recalling events that require active involvement.For instance, producing a word in 28.__________ (respond) to a question makes it easier to remember.
In a time when our interaction with others and the large amount of information we take in 29.__________ (be) all too transient (转瞬即逝的), perhaps it is worth making a bit more time for reading out loud.
UNIT 4　课时检测(三)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，在充满书籍的家庭中长大的人有更高的阅读、数学和技术技能水平。
1．选A　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，在充满书籍的家庭中长大的人有更高的阅读、数学和技术技能水平，即对一个人的成长有诸多益处。
2．选B　段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，本段主要介绍了读写能力测试、计算能力测试和与信息技术相关的测试这三种测试所测试的内容。
3．选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Not surprisingly, the biggest effect was on reading ability.”可知，家庭藏书量对一个人的阅读能力影响最大。
4．选B　写作意图题。本文第二、三段具体分析了家庭藏书量对一个人能力的影响；第四段具体介绍了研究中所使用的测试的内容；第五段又进一步强调了家庭藏书量的深远影响。由此可知，作者的写作意图在于阐明家庭藏书量对一个人成年之后能力的影响。
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者得益于父亲的教导，毕业后在广告业如鱼得水。在不同公司进行学习和尝试后，作者的创业也大获成功。
5．选C　根据下文中的“I just couldn't stare at a blank sheet of paper and ________ a story”可推断，作者是一个创造力不足的人。
6．选D　根据语境可知，作者之所以没有继续追逐自己的记者梦是因为创造力不够，他无法盯着白纸想出一个故事来。come up with“提出，想出”。
7．选C　根据下文中的“I felt at home in advertising”可推断，作者在广告业感到很自在，此处指他一进入广告业就立刻爱上了这个行业。
8．选A　根据第二段的内容可推断，作者在讲话方面很有天赋。
9．选A　根据上文中的“I was schooled at the dinner table.”和常识可知，父亲会先发表论点，然后教作者如何阐述理由。
10．选B　根据语境和常识可知，这些讨论有时候会非常激烈。
11．选A　结合上文中的“being captain of lots of things”可知，作者可以调动大家做事情，所以最终做了队长。
12．选D　根据上文中的“not because I was the best player”可推断，你不必非得在学业上最聪明。bright“聪明的，悟性强的”。
13．选D　根据作者的家庭教育和上文中的“but because I ...do things”可知，交流是很重要的。
14．选B　根据下文中的对比“I was always looking for the next ________ to learn”可知，此处指人们倾向于几乎一辈子都待在同一个公司。
15．选D　根据下文可推断，作者总是在寻找下一个学习的机会。
16．选A　此处与下文中的“to get creative experience”呼应，空处考查get的同义转换，故选gained。
17．选B　根据上文可知，作者学到了很多，这使得他成了新业务经理。
18．选C　根据语境可知，作者创业也取得了成功。
19．选C　根据下文中的“I will live and learn.”可知，作者会不断学习，并将自己学到的知识应用到探索性的工作中。
Ⅲ.语法填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了朗读对改善我们的记忆力和加强人与人之间的情感纽带的益处及其原因，并建议人们多朗读。
20．sitting　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处省略了主语和系动词；根据语境可知，此处表示，然而，今天，我们大多数人都像坐在图书馆里一样在脑子里读文字，这里强调动作正在发生，应用现在分词形式，故填sitting。
21．that　考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，补充说明名词evidence的具体内容，故用that引导该从句。
22．to　考查介词。from ...to ...为固定搭配，意为“从……到……”。
23．better　考查副词比较级。根据空后的“than”可知，空处应用比较级表示人们朗读比默读能更好地记住单词和文章。
24．written　考查形容词。空处修饰名词“words”，应用形容词。故填written。
25．them　考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处作动词make的宾语，指代该句中的“the words”，故填them。
26．an　考查冠词。此处表示“一种额外的基础”，应用不定冠词，且additional以元音音素开头，故填an。
27．generally　考查副词。空处修饰形容词better，应用副词形式。
28．response/responding　考查名词或非谓语动词。in response to为固定搭配，意为“对……作出回应”。介词in后应用动名词，也可用responding。故填response/responding。
29．are　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，此处表示客观情况，应用一般现在时；从句的主语为复数概念，谓语动词应用复数形式，故填are。

展开更多......

收起↑