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Unit 5 Looking into nature
八年级
外研版2024
下
课文解析二
1.Naturepresents us with endless wonders.大自然向我们展现着无尽的奇迹。
[用法讲解] present作动词，译为"赠送，出现，介绍，提交"等；present作可数名词时，译为"礼物"，其复数形式为presents; present为不可数名词时，译为"现在"，常与定冠词the连用；present还可为形容词，译为"出席的，目前的".
Eg: We live in the present, not in the past.
我们活在当下，而不是过去。
I bought him a present for his birthday.
我为他生日买了礼物。
There were 100 people present at the meeting.
有100人出席会议。
The present situation is very serious.
目前的情况非常严重。
He presented her with a bouquet of flowers.
他送给他伊苏鲜花。
Please present yourself at the reception desk.
请到接待处报到。
Let me present you to the president.
让我向你介绍一下总统。
He will present hisfinal report to committee.
他将向委员会提交他最后的报告。
[常见搭配]at present目前
for the present暂时
present sb. with sth.赠送某人某物
be present at...出席，参加
Eg: At present, we are focusing on this project.
目前，我们正在专注于这个项目。
We will use this method for the present.
我们将暂时使用这种方法。
He presented her with a beautiful vase.
他送给她一个漂亮的花瓶。
Many important people were present at the conference.
许多重要人物出席了这次会议。
[派生词]presentation为名词，译为"展示，介绍，报告";
presenter为名词，译为"主持人，展示者".
Eg: He gave a wonderful presentation at the meeting.
他在会议上做了一个精彩的报告。
The presenter of the TV show is very popular.
这个电视节目的主持人很受欢迎。
[即学即用]
I got a nice_________(礼物) on my birthday.
present
2.But one person took his interest all the way to the fields.
但有一个人将他的兴趣一直延伸到了田野之中。
[用法讲解]interest为不可数名词，译为"兴趣，利息";interest还可为动词，译为"使感兴
趣".
Eg: He has interest in photograph.
他对摄影感兴趣。
The bank offers a high interest rate on savings.
银行提供高利率的储蓄。
The new technology interests many people.
新技术引起了很多人的兴趣。
[派生词] interesting为形容词，译为"使人感兴趣的"，常常用来修饰物；
interested为形容词，译为"感兴趣的"，常常用来修饰人。
Eg: This book is very interesting.
这本书很有趣。
[常见搭配]take an interest in ... = be interested in...对...感兴趣
show interest in...表现出对...的兴趣
place of interest名胜(复数形式places of interest)
Eg: She takes an interest in history.
= She is interested in history.
她对历史很感兴趣。
He showed interest in learningnew languages.
他表现出学习语言的兴趣。
Don't you think it's a good place of interest here
难道你不认为这里是不错的名胜吗
[即学即用]
He is__________(interest) in this book because it helps him know more about the mystery of the nature.
interested
3.To carry out his research, he spent years in wild mountains and forests.
为了开展研究，他在荒山野林里度过了多年时光。
[用法讲解] carry out为动词短语，译为"执行，实施，进行，履行".
Eg: The soldiers carried out the orders without hesitation.
士兵们毫不犹豫地执行了命令。
Scientists will carry out experiments to test the theory.
科学家将进行实验验证该理论。
He always carries out his promises.
他总是履行诺言。
[即学即用]
这个团队成功地执行了这个任务。
The team______________the mission successful.
carried out
4.He lost sight in his right eye at the age of 83. 83岁时，他右眼失明。
[用法讲解]age为名词，译为"年龄，时代，时期，寿命"等；age也可为动词，译为"变老，成熟，陈化"等。
Eg: I'm 30 years of age.
我30岁了。
TheIndustrial Age broughtabout significant changes insociety and technology.
工业时代给社会和技术带来了巨大变革。
The average age of cars on the road is steadily falling.
路上行驶汽车的平均使用年限稳步下降。
The death of his wife caused him to age rapidly.
他妻子的去世使他迅速变老。
Wine improves with age.
葡萄酒越陈越香。
[常见搭配]at the age of...在...岁
old age老年
Eg: He started to learn English at the age of 6.
他六岁开始学英语。
She remained active in her old age.
她在老年时仍然很活跃。
[即学即用]
这只小狗在2岁时重2公斤。
The puppy weighed 2 kg_______________2.
at the ages of
5.Despite his huge success, Wang seldom thought about personal honour or wealth.
尽管成就斐然，王文采却很少考虑个人荣誉或财富。
[用法讲解]honour在表示"荣誉，尊严"时为不可数名词，honour在表示"奖项，头衔或具体荣誉事或人"时为可数名词，其复数形式为honours;honour还可为动词，译为"给...荣耀".
Eg: To lose honour is worse than to lose life.
失去荣誉比失去生命更重要。
It's a great honour to receive that prize.
能获得那个奖是极大的荣耀。
We should honourourheroes who sacrificed for the country.
我们应该尊敬为国家牺牲的英雄们。
[常见搭配]in honour of...为向...表示敬意，为纪念，为庆祝...
have the honour of doing/ to do sth.有荣幸做某事
honour an agreement履行协议
honour a commitment信守承诺
on one's honour以名誉担保
guest of honour主宾
honour student优等生
Eg: They held a party in honour of their teacher's retirement.
他们为庆祝老师的退休举办了一个派对。
May I have the honour of dancing with you
=May I have the honour to dance with you
你能有幸和你跳支舞吗
Both parties should honourthe agreement to ensure the smooth progress of the project.
双方都应该履行协议，以确保项目的顺利进行。
A man of honour would always honour his commitment.
一个有荣誉感的人总是会信守自己的承诺。
I'm on my honour not to reveal the secret.
我以名誉担保不泄密。
The guest of honour arrived late.
主宾到场较晚。
She was named anhonour student this year.
她今年被评为优等生。
[派生词] honourable为形容词，译为"可敬的，值得尊敬的";
dishonour为动词，译为"使蒙羞，使丢脸".
Eg: He is an honourable man who always keeps his promises.
他是个可敬的人，总是信守诺言。
His dishonest behaviour dishonoured his family.
他的不诚实行为使他的家庭蒙羞。
success为不可数名词，译为"成功，胜利，成就".
Eg: Confidence is the key to success.
信心是成功的关键。
[常见搭配] the key to success成功的秘诀
succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事
succeed to sth.继承某物
succeed after sth.接替某物
be successful in doing sth. 成功做某事
Eg: Do you know the key to success
你知道成功的秘诀吗
He succeed in passing the exam.
他成功地通过了考试。
She succeeded to the mayoralty.
她继承了市长职位。
We succeeded after Churchill as Prime Minister
谁接替邱吉尔出任首相
They were successful in winningthe contract.
他们终于争取了那份合同。
[派生词]succeed为动词，译为"成功，继承";
successful为形容词，译为"成功的".
Eg: His plan succeeded.
他的计划成功了。
She is a successful actress.
她是一名成功的演员。
[即学即用]
1.雕像为纪念科学家而立。
The statue was erected______________the scientist.
2.The soldier fought with courage and_________(荣誉感).
( )3. The girl had a great______in yesterday's singing competition.
A.success B.succeed
C.successful D.successfully
in honour of
honour
A
6.He hardly mentioned it.他几乎从不提及。
[用法讲解]mention为动词，译为"提及";mention还可为名词，译为"提及，说起".
Eg: John mentioned her name in the speech.
约翰在演讲中提到了她的名字。
Don't mention it before the children.
不要在孩子面前提及此事。
The report makes a detailed mention of the challenges faced by the company.
这份报告详细提到了公司面临的挑战。
[常见搭配]mention sth. to sb. = mention to sb.that从句向某人提及某物
mention doing sth.提及做某事
Don't mention it.不客气。
make a mention of...提到，提及
without mention未提及，没有说到
Eg: He didn't mention anything to me.
他没有向我提到任何事。
She mentioned to me that she was going on vacation.
她向我提及她要去度假。
She mentioned doing her homework every day.
她提到她每天做作业。
In his speech, he made a mention of the environmental problems.
在他的演讲中，他提到了环境问题。
He left the room without mention of where he was going.
他离开了房间，没有说他要去哪里。
[即学即用]
He mentioned_________(visit) Paris last year.
visiting
7.Plants grow and sleep with the seasons. So did Professor Wang.
植物随着季节生长和休眠。王教授也是如此。
[用法讲解]"so+倒装语序"，即"so+助动词/ be动词/情态动词+主语"，译为"......也是"主语指不同的人；"so+陈述语序"，即"so+主语+助动词/be动词/情态动词"，译为"......的确如此"，主语指相同的人；"neither/nor+倒装语序"，译为"......也不"
Eg:--He can play the piano. -So can I.
--他会弹钢琴。我也会。
--He always studies hard. -So he does.
--他一直努力来学习。--他确实如此。
--They aren't from America. -Neither am I.
--他们不来自美国。--我也不是。
[即学即用]
( ) -- Tom will have a birthday party next Sunday. Do you want to go
-- If you go,_______.
A.so I will B. so will I
C.neither will I D. neither I will.
B
8.Instead, they gotto listen to Beethoven's Pastoral Symphony.
相反，他们听到了贝多芬的《田园交响曲》。
[用法讲解]instead常位于句首或句末，表示与上文提到的行为或事物相反，位于句首时需用逗号分开。
Eg: The movie was sold out. Instead, we went bowling.
电影票卖光了，我们改去打保龄球。
He forgot his keys and used a card instead.
他忘了带钥匙，改用卡片开门。
[常见搭配]instead of 代替...，而不是...
Eg: The room felt cold instead of cozy.
房间感觉很冷，而不是舒适。
[易混辨析]instead与instead of区别
instead为独立副词，修饰动词或句子，位于句首或句尾，后面无需接任何成分；
instead of为介词短语，必须接宾语，位置比较灵活，后面可接名词，代词，动名词，介词短语。
Eg: He didn'tdrink tea. Hedrank coffee instead.
他不喝茶改喝咖啡了。
I use honey instead of sugar.
我用蜂蜜代替糖。
[即学即用]
( )We have lessons in the classroom______ the playground.
A.instead B. instead of
C.rather than D.than
B
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Unit 5 Looking into nature 课文解析二
1.Nature presents us with endless wonders.大自然向我们展现着无尽的奇迹。
[用法讲解] present作动词，译为"赠送，出现，介绍，提交"等；present作可数名词时，译为"礼物"，其复数形式为presents; present为不可数名词时，译为"现在"，常与定冠词the连用；present还可为形容词，译为"出席的，目前的".
Eg: We live in the present, not in the past.
我们活在当下，而不是过去。
I bought him a present for his birthday.
我为他生日买了礼物。
There were 100 people present at the meeting.
有100人出席会议。
The present situation is very serious.
目前的情况非常严重。
He presented her with a bouquet of flowers.
他送给他伊苏鲜花。
Please present yourself at the reception desk.
请到接待处报到。
Let me present you to the president.
让我向你介绍一下总统。
He will present his final report to committee.
他将向委员会提交他最后的报告。
[常见搭配] at present 目前
for the present 暂时
present sb. with sth. 赠送某人某物
be present at... 出席，参加
Eg: At present, we are focusing on this project.
目前，我们正在专注于这个项目。
We will use this method for the present.
我们将暂时使用这种方法。
He presented her with a beautiful vase.
他送给她一个漂亮的花瓶。
Many important people were present at the conference.
许多重要人物出席了这次会议。
[派生词] presentation为名词，译为"展示，介绍，报告";
presenter为名词，译为"主持人，展示者".
Eg: He gave a wonderful presentation at the meeting.
他在会议上做了一个精彩的报告。
The presenter of the TV show is very popular.
这个电视节目的主持人很受欢迎。
[即学即用]
I got a nice_________(礼物) on my birthday.
答案：present
2.But one person took his interest all the way to the fields.
但有一个人将他的兴趣一直延伸到了田野之中。
[用法讲解] interest为不可数名词，译为"兴趣，利息";interest还可为动词，译为"使感兴
趣".
Eg: He has interest in photograph.
他对摄影感兴趣。
The bank offers a high interest rate on savings.
银行提供高利率的储蓄。
The new technology interests many people.
新技术引起了很多人的兴趣。
[派生词] interesting为形容词，译为"使人感兴趣的"，常常用来修饰物；
interested为形容词，译为"感兴趣的"，常常用来修饰人。
Eg: This book is very interesting.
这本书很有趣。
[常见搭配] take an interest in ... = be interested in... 对...感兴趣
show interest in... 表现出对...的兴趣
place of interest 名胜(复数形式places of interest)
Eg: She takes an interest in history.
= She is interested in history.
她对历史很感兴趣。
He showed interest in learning new languages.
他表现出学习语言的兴趣。
Don't you think it's a good place of interest here
难道你不认为这里是不错的名胜吗
[即学即用]
He is__________(interest) in this book because it helps him know more about the mystery of the nature.
答案：interested
3.To carry out his research, he spent years in wild mountains and forests.
为了开展研究，他在荒山野林里度过了多年时光。
[用法讲解] carry out为动词短语，译为"执行，实施，进行，履行".
Eg: The soldiers carried out the orders without hesitation.
士兵们毫不犹豫地执行了命令。
Scientists will carry out experiments to test the theory.
科学家将进行实验验证该理论。
He always carries out his promises.
他总是履行诺言。
[即学即用]
这个团队成功地执行了这个任务。
The team______________the mission successful.
答案：carried out
4.He lost sight in his right eye at the age of 83. 83岁时，他右眼失明。
[用法讲解] age为名词，译为"年龄，时代，时期，寿命"等；age也可为动词，译为"变老，成熟，陈化"等。
Eg: I'm 30 years of age.
我30岁了。
The Industrial Age brought about significant changes in society and technology.
工业时代给社会和技术带来了巨大变革。
The average age of cars on the road is steadily falling.
路上行驶汽车的平均使用年限稳步下降。
The death of his wife caused him to age rapidly.
他妻子的去世使他迅速变老。
Wine improves with age.
葡萄酒越陈越香。
[常见搭配] at the age of... 在...岁
old age 老年
Eg: He started to learn English at the age of 6.
他六岁开始学英语。
She remained active in her old age.
她在老年时仍然很活跃。
[即学即用]
这只小狗在2岁时重2公斤。
The puppy weighed 2 kg_______________2.
答案：at the ages of
5.Despite his huge success, Wang seldom thought about personal honour or wealth.
尽管成就斐然，王文采却很少考虑个人荣誉或财富。
[用法讲解]honour在表示"荣誉，尊严"时为不可数名词， honour在表示"奖项，头衔或具体荣誉事或人"时为可数名词，其复数形式为honours;honour还可为动词，译为"给...荣耀".
Eg: To lose honour is worse than to lose life.
失去荣誉比失去生命更重要。
It's a great honour to receive that prize.
能获得那个奖是极大的荣耀。
We should honour our heroes who sacrificed for the country.
我们应该尊敬为国家牺牲的英雄们。
[常见搭配] in honour of... 为向...表示敬意，为纪念，为庆祝...
have the honour of doing/ to do sth. 有荣幸做某事
honour an agreement 履行协议
honour a commitment 信守承诺
on one's honour 以名誉担保
guest of honour 主宾
honour student 优等生
Eg: They held a party in honour of their teacher's retirement.
他们为庆祝老师的退休举办了一个派对。
May I have the honour of dancing with you
=May I have the honour to dance with you
你能有幸和你跳支舞吗
Both parties should honour the agreement to ensure the smooth progress of the project.
双方都应该履行协议，以确保项目的顺利进行。
A man of honour would always honour his commitment.
一个有荣誉感的人总是会信守自己的承诺。
I'm on my honour not to reveal the secret.
我以名誉担保不泄密。
The guest of honour arrived late.
主宾到场较晚。
She was named an honour student this year.
她今年被评为优等生。
[派生词] honourable为形容词，译为"可敬的，值得尊敬的";
dishonour为动词，译为"使蒙羞，使丢脸".
Eg: He is an honourable man who always keeps his promises.
他是个可敬的人，总是信守诺言。
His dishonest behaviour dishonoured his family.
他的不诚实行为使他的家庭蒙羞。
success为不可数名词，译为"成功，胜利，成就".
Eg: Confidence is the key to success.
信心是成功的关键。
[常见搭配] the key to success 成功的秘诀
succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事
succeed to sth. 继承某物
succeed after sth. 接替某物
be successful in doing sth. 成功做某事
Eg: Do you know the key to success
你知道成功的秘诀吗
He succeed in passing the exam.
他成功地通过了考试。
She succeeded to the mayoralty.
她继承了市长职位。
We succeeded after Churchill as Prime Minister
谁接替邱吉尔出任首相
They were successful in winning the contract.
他们终于争取了那份合同。
[派生词] succeed为动词，译为"成功，继承";
successful为形容词，译为"成功的".
Eg: His plan succeeded.
他的计划成功了。
She is a successful actress.
她是一名成功的演员。
[即学即用]
1.雕像为纪念科学家而立。
The statue was erected______________the scientist.
2.The soldier fought with courage and_________(荣誉感).
( )3. The girl had a great______in yesterday's singing competition.
A.success B.succeed
C.successful D.successfully
答案：1.in honour of 2.honour 3.A
6.He hardly mentioned it. 他几乎从不提及。
[用法讲解] mention为动词，译为"提及";mention还可为名词，译为"提及，说起".
Eg: John mentioned her name in the speech.
约翰在演讲中提到了她的名字。
Don't mention it before the children.
不要在孩子面前提及此事。
The report makes a detailed mention of the challenges faced by the company.
这份报告详细提到了公司面临的挑战。
[常见搭配] mention sth. to sb. = mention to sb.that从句 向某人提及某物
mention doing sth. 提及做某事
Don't mention it. 不客气。
make a mention of... 提到，提及
without mention 未提及，没有说到
Eg: He didn't mention anything to me.
他没有向我提到任何事。
She mentioned to me that she was going on vacation.
她向我提及她要去度假。
She mentioned doing her homework every day.
她提到她每天做作业。
In his speech, he made a mention of the environmental problems.
在他的演讲中，他提到了环境问题。
He left the room without mention of where he was going.
他离开了房间，没有说他要去哪里。
[即学即用]
He mentioned_________(visit) Paris last year.
答案：visiting
7.Plants grow and sleep with the seasons. So did Professor Wang.
植物随着季节生长和休眠。王教授也是如此。
[用法讲解]"so+倒装语序"，即"so+助动词/ be动词/情态动词+主语"，译为"......也是"主语指不同的人；"so+陈述语序"，即"so+主语+助动词/be动词/情态动词"，译为"......的确如此"，主语指相同的人；"neither/nor+倒装语序"，译为"......也不"
Eg:--He can play the piano. -So can I.
--他会弹钢琴。我也会。
--He always studies hard. -So he does.
--他一直努力来学习。--他确实如此。
--They aren't from America. -Neither am I.
--他们不来自美国。--我也不是。
[即学即用]
( ) -- Tom will have a birthday party next Sunday. Do you want to go
-- If you go,_______.
A.so I will B. so will I
C.neither will I D. neither I will.
答案：B
8.Instead, they got to listen to Beethoven's Pastoral Symphony.
相反，他们听到了贝多芬的《田园交响曲》。
[用法讲解] instead常位于句首或句末，表示与上文提到的行为或事物相反，位于句首时需用逗号分开。
Eg: The movie was sold out. Instead, we went bowling.
电影票卖光了，我们改去打保龄球。
He forgot his keys and used a card instead.
他忘了带钥匙，改用卡片开门。
[常见搭配] instead of 代替...，而不是...
Eg: The room felt cold instead of cozy.
房间感觉很冷，而不是舒适。
[易混辨析] instead与instead of区别
instead为独立副词，修饰动词或句子，位于句首或句尾，后面无需接任何成分；
instead of为介词短语，必须接宾语，位置比较灵活，后面可接名词，代词，动名词，介词短语。
Eg: He didn't drink tea. He drank coffee instead.
他不喝茶改喝咖啡了。
I use honey instead of sugar.
我用蜂蜜代替糖。
[即学即用]
( )We have lessons in the classroom______ the playground.
A.instead B. instead of
C.rather than D.than
答案：B
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