资源简介

(共27张PPT)
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking—Comprehending
UNIT 1 ART
难词注解
①precise adj. 准确的；精确的
②realistic adj. 现实的；逼真的
③primitive adj.发展水平低的；原始的；远古的
④ in particular 尤其；特别
⑤set apart from 使与众不同；使突出；使优于……
⑥influential adj.有很大影响力的；有支配力的
⑦reputation n．名誉；名声
难词注解
⑧noble n. 贵族成员；出身高贵的人
⑨rank n. 地位；级别；行列
⑩purchase vt. 购买；采购
client n．委托人；当事人；客户
emerge vi.&vt.出现；浮现；暴露
subjective adj.主观的
subsequent adj.随后的；后来的；之后的
教材原文
A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING
What is Western art It is hard to give a precise① definition. As there have been so many different styles of Western art, it is impossible to describe them all in a short text. 1 Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries. 2
1 as 引导原因状语从句；主句为“it＋be＋adj.＋to do sth.”句式。
2 句中第一个to do 为动词不定式作定语，第二个to do 为动词不定式作表语
教材原文
The Middle Ages (from the 5th to the 15th century)
During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity．3 Thus, artists were not interested in painting realistic② scenes. Their works were often primitive③ and two-dimensional, and the main characters were often made much larger than everyone else to show their importance. This began to change in the 13th century with Giotto di Bondone (1267－1337). While his paintings still had religious themes, they showed real people in a real environment. In particular④， his paintings are set apart
教材原文
from⑤ other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact.
3 句中to teach people about Christianity为动词不定式作表语。
The Renaissance (from the 14th to the 17th century)
New ideas and values gradually replaced old ones from the Middle Ages.As a result，painters concentrated less on religious themes. They began to adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. An important breakthrough during this period was the use of perspective by Masaccio (1401－1428). Influential⑥painters
教材原文
such as Leonardo da Vinci (1452－1519)，Michelangelo(1475－1564), and Raphael (1483－1520)built upon Giotto and Masaccio's innovations to produce some of the greatest art that Europe had ever seen. 4
4 句中that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词the greatest art。
Another innovation was the use of oil paints. With their deep colours and realism, some of the best oil paintings look like photographs. While painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil，this technique reached its height with
教材原文
Rembrandt (1606－1669)，who gained a reputation⑦as a master of shadow and light. 5
5 此处while意为“尽管；虽然”，引导让步状语从句；who 引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Rembrandt。
In subject matter, the emphasis increasingly shifted from religious themes to people and the world around us. Kings，nobles⑧， and people of high rank⑨wanted to purchase⑩ accurate pictures of themselves and the people they
教材原文
loved.Others wanted paintings showing important historical events or stories from mythology. Finally, most clients wanted paintings that were beautiful and interesting to look at．6
6 that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词paintings。
Impressionism (late 19th to early 20th century)
The development of Western art slowed until the invention of photography in the mid-19th century. After that，paintings were no longer needed to preserve
教材原文
what people and the world looked like. Hence, painters had to find a new way of looking at their art. From this, Impressionism emerged in France. The name of this new movement came from the painting by Claude Monet(1840—1926) called Impression, Sunrise.In this work, Monet's aim was to convey the light and movement in the scene—the subjective impression the scene gave him—but not a detailed record of the scene itself. 7
7 句中动词不定式作表语；the scene gave him为定语从句，前面省略作宾语的引导词that或which。
教材原文
While many Impressionists painted scenes of nature or daily life, others, such as Renoir(1841－1919), focused on people. Unlike the cold, black-and-white photographs of that time period.Renoir's paintings are full of light, shadow, colour, and life. He sought to show not just the outer image of his subjects, but their inner warmth and humanity as well. 8
8 本句为“not…but…”句型。
Modern Art(from the 20th century to today)
After Impressionism, subsequent artists began to ask, “What do we do
教材原文
next？” Painters such as Picasso(1881—1973) tried to analyse the shapes which existed in the natural world but in a new way, with Cubism. 9 Others gave their paintings a realistic but dream-like quality. Still others turned to abstract art. What they attempted to do was no longer show reality, but instead to ask the question, “What is art？” 10
9 which 引导定语从句，修饰先行词shapes。
10 what they attempted to do 为主语从句。
课文翻译
西方绘画简史
什么是西方艺术？很难给出一个明确的定义。由于西方艺术风格多种多样，不可能在一篇短文中描述全部。也许，了解西方艺术的最好方法就是回顾若干个世纪以来西方绘画的发展。
中世纪时期(5世纪—15世纪)
在中世纪时期，西方艺术的目的是向人们传授基督教。因此，艺术家们对描绘真实场景并无兴趣，他们的作品往往是原始的、二维的，主角也通常被塑造得比其他人高大许多，以显示其重要性。13世纪乔托·
课文翻译
迪·邦多纳(1267年—1337年)的出现改变了这一现象。尽管他的绘画仍是宗教主题，但展示了真实环境中的真实人物。他的绘画尤其以逼真的人脸和强烈的情感冲击而与众不同。
文艺复兴时期(14世纪—17世纪)
新的思想和价值观逐渐取代了中世纪时期旧的思想和价值观。因此，画家们较少关注宗教主题。他们开始对生活采取一种更为人性化的态度。这一时期的一项重大突破是马萨乔(1401年—1428年)对透视法的运用。在乔托和马萨乔创新的基础上，莱昂纳多·达·芬奇(1452年—1519年)、米开
课文翻译
朗琪罗(1475年—1564年)和拉斐尔(1483年—1520年)等颇具影响力的画家创作出了欧洲有史以来最伟大的一些艺术作品。
另一大创新是油性颜料的使用。凭借其浓重的色彩和写实主义，一些最好的油画作品看上去与照片相似。虽然像达·芬奇这么早的画家就已经开始用颜料画画，但这一技艺走向鼎盛则始于获得光影大师称号的伦勃朗(1606年—1669年)。
在题材方面，重心日益从宗教主题转向我们身边的人与世界。国王、贵族和地位显赫的人都想购买自己及其所爱之人的精确画像，而其他人
课文翻译
想要的则是展示重大历史事件或神话故事的绘画。最后，大多数顾客想要的是漂亮、有趣的绘画。
印象派时期(19世纪末—20世纪初)
在19世纪中叶摄影术发明之前，西方艺术发展缓慢。摄影术发明之后，绘画不再需要保留人与世界的模样。因此，画家必须找到一种新的方式来看待他们的艺术。于是，印象主义在法国应运而生。这项新运动的名称源自克劳德·莫奈(1840年—1926年)名为《日出·印象》的绘画作品。
课文翻译
在这幅作品里，莫奈的目的是传递场景中的光与运动——场景给予他的主观印象，而非对场景本身的一种具体记录。
虽然许多印象派画家描绘的是大自然或日常生活中的场景，但是雷诺阿(1841年—1919年)等其他画家却侧重于人物。与那一时期冷色调的黑白照片不同，雷诺阿的绘画饱含光影、色彩和生活元素。他力求既展示主题人物的外在形象，又展现其内在的温暖和人性。
课文翻译
现代艺术时期(20世纪至今)
在印象主义之后，后代的艺术家们开始发问：“接下来我们应该做什么？”毕加索(1881年—1973年)等画家试图分析自然世界中存在的形状，但是他们用了一种新的方式——立体主义。其他画家则赋予自己的绘画一种写实却又梦幻般的品质。还有一些画家则转向抽象艺术。他们所做的尝试不再是展示现实，而是提出这一问题：“艺术是什么？”
Step 1　Fast-reading
Ⅰ.Match the period with the painting style.
①The Middle Ages　 A．humanistic
②The Renaissance B．religious themes
③Impressionism C．dream-like quality
④Modern Art D．the subjective impression
答案　①—B；②—A；③—D；④—C
Ⅱ.The main idea of the text is ．
the history/development of Western painting
Step 2　Careful-reading
Read the passage again and choose the best answers.
1．What set Giotto di Bondone's paintings apart from other paintings
A．His paintings mainly showed religious themes.
B．His paintings showed realistic human faces and deep emotional impact.
C．His paintings were to convey the light and movement in the scene.
D．His paintings concentrated less on religious themes.
2．Which of the following statements is TRUE
A．Paintings in the Middle Ages were very realistic.
B．The Impressionists' paintings were painted mainly indoors.
C．Western painting has changed a lot since the fifth century.
D．Modern art began in the Renaissance.
3．In the Renaissance，painters ．
A．painted religious scenes in a more realistic style
B．focused more on religion than on humans
C．began to paint outdoors
D．painted people and the world around them
4．The reason why Impressionism began was that ．
A．the artists wanted to convey the light and movement in detail
B．paintings were not needed to maintain what people and the world looked like
C.the artists didn't like the cold，black-and-white colour
D．paintings could show the outer image of people and life
5．What can we learn from the passage
A．The painting named Impression，Sunrise was a masterpiece of Impressionism.
B．The painters were interested in painting something indoors all the time.
C．The paintings of all the impressionists were cold.
D．All artists were well aware what they would do next after Impressionism.
答案　1.B　2.C　3.D　4.B　5.A
Step 3　Post-reading
After reading the passage，please fill in the following blanks.
As there have been so many different styles of Western art，perhaps the best way 1. (understand) Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries. During the Middle Ages，the purpose of Western art was 2. (teach) people about Christianity. This began to change in the 13th century with Giotto di Bondone. His paintings are set apart from other paintings by their 3. (reality) human faces and deep emotional impact. Painters concentrated 4. (little)
to understand
to teach
realistic
less
on religious themes during the Renaissance.5. important breakthrough was the use of perspective by Masaccio and another innovation was the use of oil paints. In subject matter，the emphasis 6. (increase) shifted from religious themes to people and the world around us. Photography was invented in the mid-19th century，after 7. paintings were no longer needed to preserve what people and the world looked like. Hence，Impressionism 8. (emerge) in France. The name of this new movement came from the painting by Claude Monet 9. (call)
An
increasingly
which
emerged
called
Impression，Sunrise. After Impressionism，subsequent artists began to ask what they would do next. What they attempted to do was no longer show reality，10. instead to ask the question，“What is art？”
but

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