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(共27张PPT)
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking—Comprehending
UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
难词注解
①vigour n．精力；力量；活力
②turn sb.down拒绝(某人)
③enthusiastic adj. 热情的；热心的
④aboard adv.&prep. 上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)
⑤cupboard n. 柜；壁；衣柜
⑥assign vt.分派；布置；分配
⑦envy n．&vt. 羡慕；妒忌
难词注解
⑧crush vt.毁坏；压坏；压碎
⑨sink vi. 沉没；下沉；下降 vt. 使下沉；使沉没
⑩abandon vt. 舍弃；抛弃；放弃
blanket n. 毯子
belongings n．[pl.]财物；动产
keep one's spirits up保持某人高昂的情绪；振作精神
miserable adj.痛苦的；令人难受的
voyage n．&vi. 航海；航行
难词注解
navy n. 海军；海军部队
decent adj. 相当不错的；正派的；得体的
cosy adj.温馨的；舒适的
genuine adj. 真正的；真诚的；可信赖的
perseverance n. 毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神
resolve n. 决心；坚定的信念
教材原文
A SUCCESSFUL FAILURE
Perce Blackborow joined an expedition with Sir Ernest Shackleton to Antarctica on the ship Endurance in 1914. Shackleton was one of the most famous explorers of his day and it was considered a great honour to be part of his expeditions. Below are some of Blackborow's diary entries.
31 Oct 1914
...Well，it so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition. 1
教材原文
1 it为形式主语，that 引导主语从句。
An expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackleton—this is the adventure that I have been dreaming of. And I was ready for it. At the age of 19, I am fit and full of vigour①. However, when I applied to join the expedition, Shackleton turned me down② because he thought I was too young and wasn't qualified.2 But I was so enthusiastic③ about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard④ his ship, the Endurance, and hid in a small cupboard⑤. 3 Unfortunately, three days after we set off I was discovered.
教材原文
Shackleton did not want to turn back so he offered me a job, but only after he promised me, “If anyone has to be eaten, then you will be the first！” He assigned⑥ me to be a steward, and I now serve meals for twenty-eight men, three times a day.
2 when 引导时间状语从句，because 引导原因状语从句。
3 本句为“so...that...”句型。
How everyone will envy⑦ me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to！4
教材原文
4 本句为how 引导的感叹句，其中when 引导时间状语从句，I have been to 为定语从句，前面省略关系代词that/which。
21 Nov 1915
The journey has not been easy. Endurance became stuck in the ice as we approached Antarctica. The ice froze around us and we were well and truly stuck! We saw the ship get crushed⑧ by the ice. And when the ship sank⑨， our hearts sank with it.
教材原文
Before we abandoned⑩ the ship, Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies—the small boats, our food, the cook stove, candles, clothes, and blankets . This was no time to panic. We were not allowed to take most of our personal belongings ， and Shackleton himself threw away all his gold. But to our surprise, he allowed Hussey to keep his banjo. Hussey often plays it to keep our spirits up .
We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive, but spring is coming, and the ice will soon begin to melt.
教材原文
20 May 1916
We have been struggling for days, but things on Elephant Island are going from bad to worse. We are now crowded together under one of our boats on the rocky shore of this miserable place.Soon after we arrived, Shackleton left us to find help on South Georgia Island, 1，320 kilometres away—the voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it in our small boats.5 If Shackleton fails, will we have any hope of rescue No. No navy in the world ever stops at Elephant Island, and no one else knows that we are here.
教材原文
5 句中含有“too...to...”句式，意为“太……而不能……”。
I feel low. It's cold and windy.The island has no plants. Sometimes we are able to catch a seal or a penguin to eat. Otherwise, there is no food. I try to think of happier things: decent food, warm and dry clothes, a cosy bedroom, sunny days, and my mother's face...However, these happy memories are soon interrupted by a sudden cold rush of air.
I shouted, “Shut the door！”
教材原文
“Hold on now, Perce. Don't you go turning into another Tom，” came the reply. “We've caught another penguin, so it's penguin soup tonight！”
Bless Frank Wild, the kindest man there is after our leader, Ernest Shackleton. How could I become as selfish and bad-tempered as Thomas Orde-Lees！
Without Frank and Ernest, we'd all be dead by now. Their genuine concern for others，their perseverance ， and their resolve fill me with hope.
Perhaps there is a chance we will return home, after all.
课文翻译
一次成功的失败
1914年，珀西·布莱克博罗参加了欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士组织的“坚忍”号南极探险活动。沙克尔顿是那个时代最负盛名的探险家之一，参加他的探险活动被视为极大的荣耀。以下是布莱克博罗的几篇日记摘录。
1914年10月31日
……好吧，一天早晨，我碰巧买了份报纸，看到了这则有关南极探险的招募广告。
课文翻译
跟随伟大的欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士前往南极探险——这可是我梦寐以求的冒险之旅啊。而且，我万事俱备。我今年19岁，身体健康，精力充沛。然而，当我申请参加这次探险时，沙克尔顿却拒绝了我，因为他认为我太年轻，不具备资格。但是，满怀着想要与他们同赴南极的热情，我偷偷地爬上了他的“坚忍”号轮船，躲在一个小橱柜里。不幸的是，在我们出发三天后，我被发现了。沙克尔顿不想掉头，于是他给了我一份工作，但他要我答应他：“如果有人得被吃掉，那么你就是第一个！”他指派我担任服务员，我现在为28名船员供应一日三餐。
课文翻译
等我回来，当我告诉每个人我去过的那些神奇的地方，大家该会多么羡慕我啊！
1915年11月21日
这趟旅程并不轻松。在我们靠近南极时，“坚忍”号卡在了冰里。四周的冰都冻住了，我们彻彻底底地被困住了！我们眼睁睁看着轮船被冰挤毁。船沉了，我们的心也跟着下沉。
在我们弃船之前，沙克尔顿镇定地把大家召集在一起，告诉我们要抢救最需要的供给品——小船、食物、炊具、蜡烛、衣服和毛毯。这不
课文翻译
是惊慌失措的时候。我们绝大部分的个人物品都被禁止携带，沙克尔顿自己则扔掉了他所有的黄金。然而，令我们惊讶的是，他允许赫西带上他的班卓琴。赫西经常会弹奏班卓琴，以振奋我们的精神。
现在，我们在冰层上扎营，一直在设法生存下来，但是，春天就要来了，冰层很快就会融化。
1916年5月20日
我们已苦苦挣扎多日，但是象岛上的情况越来越糟糕。现在，在这个悲惨之地的岩石海岸，我们挤在一艘小船下。我们来到此处不久之后，
课文翻译
沙克尔顿就离开我们，前往1320千米之外的南乔治亚岛寻求帮助——这一航行对于我们所有人而言太危险、太艰难了，乘坐小船，肯定无法每个人都到达。如果沙克尔顿失败了，我们还有任何获救的希望吗？没有。全世界没有海军会停靠象岛，也没有其他人知道我们在这里。
我感到十分沮丧。天冷风大。岛上没有任何植物，有时我们能抓到一只海豹或企鹅来充饥。除此以外，没有任何食物。我试着去想让人开心的事情：美味的食物、暖和的干衣服、舒适的卧房、晴朗的天气，还有妈妈的脸庞……然而，这些快乐的回忆很快被突然涌进的一股冷空气打断。
课文翻译
我吼道：“把门关上！”
“坚持住，珀西。你可不要变成另一个汤姆，”有人答道。“我们又抓到了一只企鹅，今晚有企鹅汤喝了！”
祝福弗兰克·怀尔德，他是除了我们的领队欧内斯特·沙克尔顿之外最和蔼可亲的人。我怎么可以变得像托马斯·奥德里斯那样自私和脾气暴躁呢！
要不是有弗兰克和欧内斯特，我们到现在早就没命了。他们对别人的真心关怀、他们的锲而不舍以及坚定的信念，让我充满希望。
毕竟，我们也许还有机会回家。
Step 1　Fast-reading
Ⅰ.Read the passage quickly and fill in the following blanks with suitable words.
Diary 1：The author ① went aboard the ship，the Endurance，and joined an expedition with Ernest Shackleton to Antarctica.
Diary 2：Endurance was stuck in the ice as approaching Antarctica. And we had to ② on the ice.
secretly
camp
Diary 3：They struggled on Elephant Island, led by Frank Wild after Shackleton had left to find ③ on South Georgia Island.
Ⅱ.The main idea of the three diaries is about ．
help
the experience of Perce Blackborow who joined an expedition with Sir Ernest Shackleton to Antarctica on the ship Endurance in 1914
Step 2　Careful-reading
Read the passage again and answer the questions.
1．How did Blackborow come to join the expedition
A．By applying immediately.
B．By hiding in a cupboard secretly.
C．By serving meals for the crew.
D．By working in the kitchen.
2．When Blackborow was assigned to be a steward at first，he was ．
A．angry and disappointed
B．satisfied and excited
C．hopeless and disappointed
D．worried and angry
3．The reason why Hussey was allowed to keep his banjo was that ．
A．he was allowed to take most of his personal belongings　
B．it was Hussey's essential supply
C．it was Hussey's personal belongings
D．he often played it and made us full of hope
4．Why was Blackborow refused by Shackleton
A．Because Shackleton thought he was too young.
B．Because Shackleton didn't know him.
C．Because there were too many people on the Endurance.
D．Because Shackleton didn't like him.
5．We can learn from the passage that Ernest Shackleton was ．
A．strong-minded and selfless
B．strong-minded but selfish
C．greedy and cruel
D．stubborn and selfish
答案　1.B　2.B　3.D　4.A　5.A
Step 3　Post-reading
After reading the passage，please fill in the following blanks.
An expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackleton—this is the adventure that I 1. (dream) of.However，
2. I applied to join the expedition，Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasn't 3. (qualify).So I secretly went aboard his ship，the Endurance.Later I 4. (discover) and Shackleton had to assign me to be 5. steward.The journey wasn't very easy，for Endurance was stuck in the ice as we approached Antarctica.And when the
have been dreaming
when
qualified
was discovered
a
ship sank，our hearts sank with it. Before we abandoned the ship，Shackleton 6. (calm) told us to rescue our most essential supplies and he 7. (he) threw away all his gold.He allowed Hussey to keep his banjo，8. made us surprised.We had been struggling for days，but things were going from bad to worse.Soon after we arrived at Elephant Island，Shackleton left us to find help.Sometimes we were able to catch a seal or a penguin to eat.I tried to think of 9. (happy) things.I was grateful，for Frank and Ernest's genuine concern for others，their perseverance，and their resolve filled me 10. hope.
calmly
himself
which
happier
with

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