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第 5 课 时
Unit 5 Great inventions
Lesson 5 Refrigerator timeline
单词：freeze , refrigerator, energy
短语：do an experiment, be used to do sth.
句型：①Ancient China, Greece, and Rome used ice or snow to
preserve food by freezing or chilling it.
②They were smaller icehouses meant for home use.
能够从发明的时间线中找出关键节点信息，并用时间顺序梳理“发明—改进—普及”的发展脉络，形成对技术演变的整体认识。
Learning Goals
1
2
Watch a video
freeze /fri z/ v.（使）冻结；结冰
refrigerator /r fr d re t （r）/ n.（=fridge）冰箱
energy / en d i/ n. 能量；能源
课 堂 学 习
Vocabulary
Read the timeline fast and get the main idea.
1
Ancient times: Ancient China, Greece, and Rome used ice or snow to preserve food by freezing or chilling it.
1600s: Icehouses were used to preserve food all year round.
1748: William Cullen did an experiment on artificial refrigeration.
1805: Oliver Evans designed the first refrigeration machine.
1890s: Iceboxes became popular. They were smaller icehouses meant for home use.
1913: Fred W. Wolf invented the first home electric refrigerator.
1918: Mass production of home refrigerators began.
1920s: Refrigerators became popular in some countries.
1940s: Freezer compartments were added.
1980s: Water dispensers were added.
1996: Refrigerators became more energy-saving.
Read the timeline fast and get the main idea.
The main idea: This timeline shows the evolution of food preservation and refrigeration technology over centuries.
Tick the inventor of the first refrigerator.
□ William Cullen □ Oliver Evans □ Fred.W.Wolf

Read the timeline again and circle the correct answers.
A When did refrigerators become popular in some countries
a. In the 1920s
b. In the 1800s.
c. In the 1980s
B What was true about using refrigerators in the 1990s
a. A refrigerator was considered a luxury item.
b. The running cost of a refrigerator is so high that no one could
afford one.
c. Energy-efficient refrigerators had become the new normal
2
Read the timeline for the third time and complete the mind map below.
Ancient times
1748
1890s
1918
1940s
1996
1600s
1805
1913
1920
1980s
3
Read the timeline carefully and complete the short passage.
The refrigerator is important in our daily life. Let me introduce the development of it.
In ancient times, Ancient China, Greece, and Rome used ______ or ______ to preserve food by ______ and ______ it. In the 1600s, _________ were used to preserve food all year-round. In 1748, William Cullen did an experiment on artificial refrigeration. In ______, Oliver Evans designed the first refrigeration machine.
ice
snow
freezing
chilling
icehouses
1805
In the 1890s, iceboxes became _______. They were smaller icehouses meant for home use. In 1913, Fred W. Wolf ______ the first home electric refrigerator. In 1918, mass production of home refrigerators began. In the 1920s, refrigerators became popular in some countries. In the 1940s, ______ compartments were added. In the 1980s, water dispensers were added. In 1996, refrigerators became more ______-saving.
popular
invented
freezer
energy
Work in groups. Make a timeline together for an invention.
4
1878—Thomas Edison
Thomas Edison improved the telephone, so voices could be heard more clearly.
Phone Timeline
1800
1876—Alexander Graham Bell
The telephone was invented by Alexander
Graham Bell.
People could talk to someone far away.
1900
1973—Martin Cooper (Motorola)
The first mobile phone call was made by
Martin Cooper. People could talk on the
move.
2000
2007—Steve Jobs (Apple)
The smartphone (iPhone) was introduced by Apple.
Phones could do much more than calling.
1992—Neil Papworth
The first text message (SMS) was sent by Neil Papworth. Messages became fast and convenient.
2010s—Apps and mobile internet
Apps and mobile internet were widely used, and phone became a daily tool for studying, shopping, and paying.
Use the timeline to introduce the invention to your class.
5
Hello everyone. Today I'd like to introduce an invention that has changed our lives a lot — the phone.
First, in 1876, the telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell. For the first time, people could talk to someone far away without being face to face.
Then in 1878, Thomas Edison improved the telephone, so voices became clearer and the telephone was easier to use.
Next, the phone became mobile. In 1973, the first mobile phone call was made by Martin Cooper from Motorola. This was a big step forward because people could communicate while moving.
Later, in 1992, the first text message was sent by Neil Papworth. After that, people could send quick messages instead of making a call every time.
In 2007, the smartphone was introduced by Apple, and Steve Jobs played an important role in this change, Phones were not only for calling anymore. We could take photos,listen to music,and go online.
Since the 2010s, apps and mobile internet have been widely used, so phones have become a daily tool for studying, shopping, and even paying.
In my opinion, the phone is one of the greatest inventions. It helps us stay connected and makes our lives more convenient. Thank you for listening.
1. Ancient China, Greece, and Rome used ice or snow to preserve food by freezing or chilling it.古代中国、希腊和罗马用冰或雪通过冷冻或冷藏来保存食物。
ancient adj.古代的；古老的
preserve v.保存
freeze v.（使）冻结；结冰
例句：Water freezes at 0°C. 水在0摄氏度时结冰。（不及物动词）
例句：The cold weather froze the ground.
寒冷的天气使地面都冻硬了。（及物动词）
Language points
【拓展】(1) freeze作动词的其他含义及用法：停住不动；呆住
例句：I froze and listened; someone was in my apartment.
我僵在原地仔细听：有人在我的公寓里。
例句： I froze with horror as the door slowly opened.
门慢慢开启时我吓呆了。
冻结（资金、银行账户等）
例句：The court froze their assets. 法院冻结了他们的资产。
(2) frozen adj. 冷冻的；冷藏的；冻僵，极冷
例句：You can use fresh or frozen fish. 你可以使用新鲜或冷冻的鱼。
例句：My hands are frozen. 我的手冻僵了。
例句： I froze with horror as the door slowly opened.
门慢慢开启时我吓呆了。
do an experiment 做实验
例句：To test this, some researchers did an experiment.
为了验证这一点,一些研究人员做了一个实验。
artificial adj. 人工的，人造的
Artificial Intelligence (AI) 人工智能
refrigerator n.（=fridge）冰箱
2. William Cullen did an experiment on artificial refrigeration.
威廉·库伦做了一个人工制冷的实验。
be meant for sb./sth.为某人/某物而设计
be meant to do sth. 应该做某事；目的是做某事
例句：The book is meant for beginners.
这本书是为初学者准备的。
例句：The software is meant to protect computers from viruses.
该软件旨在保护电脑免受病毒攻击。
3. They were smaller icehouses meant for homes in the city.
它们是为城市居民设计的小型冰窖。
energy n. 能量；能源
(1) 作“能源”讲时，指电力、燃料等可利用的能源，为不可数名词。
(2) 作“能量”讲时，指物理概念或人体活动所需的精力，为不可数名词。
常见搭配：take energy from 从……吸取能量
save energy 节约能源 solar energy 太阳能
【拓展】energetic adj. 精力充沛的
4. Refrigerators became more energy-saving.
冰箱变得更加节能。
例句：Solar energy is a clean and renewable resource.
太阳能是一种清洁的可再生资源。
例句：Food provides us with energy.
食物为我们提供能量。
例句：She’s always full of energy.
她总是充满活力。
【拓展】energetic adj. 精力充沛的
例句：I enjoy jogging in the morning because it helps me stay
energetic throughout the day. 我喜欢在早上慢跑，因为
这能让我一整天都保持精力充沛。
energy-saving 节能的
例句：The houses will boast the latest energy-saving technology
这些房屋将应用最新的节能技术。
一、在空白处填入一个适当的单词
1. Traditional Chinese medicine is used ________ help keep yin and yang in balance.
2. She recorded many good times in the last few years ___________ taking photos.
3. The students did ________ experiment in the lab.
4. Fridges became popular ________ some countries in the 1920s.
5. Zhurong, ________ first Chinese Mars rover（火星探测器）, successfully landed on Mars in 2021.
Practice
to
by/through
an
in
the
二、用方框内所给单词的适当形式填空
6. The weather was too cold yesterday and the river ________.
7. Many families use ___________ to keep food fresh.
8. —Do you like chocolate？
—No, I don’t, but I sometimes have a little to get some ________.
9. A service charge of 10% will ________ on to your bill（账单）.
10. The software is popular among students because it __________ for schools.
froze
refrigerators
energy
be added
refrigerator design energy add freeze
is designed
1. Retell the development of the refrigerator.
2. Write a passage about an invention that has appeared in recent years and make an information card.
Homework

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