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(共15张PPT)
Unit 5 Looking into nature
八年级
外研版2024
下
语法+写作解析
一、语法解析
宾语从句(一)
(一)定义：
放在动词后面的句子，称为"宾语从句".
(二)可分为三类：
一类是that引导的宾语从句；
一类是whether/ if引导的宾语从句；
一类是连接代词，连接副词引导的宾语从句。
(三)that引导的宾语从句
1.宾语从句的引导词是that，当谓语动词表示肯定的概念，如"希望","相信：","知道"或"说"时，后面的句子一般用that引导，that没有任何意义。只有语法功能，目的使读者清楚后面的句子是宾语从句，that可省略。接that引导的宾语从句的动词有：believe,expect,explain,feel, hear, hope, imagine, prefer, promise, report, say, see, tell, think, understand, warn,wish等。
引导that用于下列情况时不可省略：
(1)当宾语从句的主语是that时，
Eg: He says that that is a useful book.
他说那是一本有用的书。
(2)当从句前有插入语时
Eg: It says, on the card, that it is made in China.
卡片上说，它是中国制造。
(3)当宾语从句中含主从复合句时
Eg: I'm afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.
我害怕如果你丢了它，你必须付款。
(4)当两个或多个宾语从句由并列连词连接时，除第一个从句中的that可省略外，其余从句中的 that都不可省略
Eg: He said (that) the film was very interesting and that he enjoyed seeing it very much.
他说电影非常有趣，他非常非常喜欢看它。
2.宾语从句的时态：
(1)主句是现在的某种时态，那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定
Eg: I remember he gave me a book yesterday.
我记得他昨天给我一本书。
He has told me that he'll leave for New York tomorrow.
他告诉我他明天将动身去纽约。
(2)如果主句是过去的某种时态，宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态。
Eg: He told me that he would take part in the high jump.
他告诉我他将参加跳高。
(3)宾语从句表客观事实或真理，从句始终用一般现在时
Eg: He told me that the earth is round.
他告诉我地球是圆的。
注意：宾语从句中，当主句主语为第一人称，谓语动词为think,believe,suppose等时，要否定前移。
Eg: I don't think he is a good student.
我觉得他是不是一个好学生。
(四)whether/ if 引导的宾语从句：
whether/ if译为"是否"(宾语从句时一般疑问句时，用 whether/if引导，但不可省略，在从句中不作句子成分，译为"是否")
Eg: I want to know whether/ if my sister is waiting for me at the school gate.
我想要知道我姐姐是否在校门口等我。
注意：由一般疑问句或选择疑问句转化而来，需将疑问句改为陈述句语序。
whether与if可互换，但只能用whether，不用if的情况如下：
1.引导介词的宾语从句：
Eg: I'm not angry about whether he will pass the exam.
我对他是否通过考试不生气。
2.直接与or not连用时
Eg: I'm not sure whether his answer is right or not.
我不确定他的答案是否正确。
二、写作解析
本单元写作主题为"探索大自然"
(一)内容：
讲述自然探索者的故事；介绍探索自然的经历；通过探索经历反思人与自然的关系。
例如：介绍自然探索者袁隆平
(二)常用句型
1.Most people get interested and ask questions. But one person took his interest all the way to the fields.
2.Have you ever heard of Yuan Longping
3.Throughout his life, Yuan Longping worked hard to research the hybrid rice.
4.To carry out his research, he spent years in the fields.
5.But he seldom thought about personal honour or wealth.
6.Although he passed away, his spirit still lives in our heart.
(三)写作模板
1.审人称：第三人称
2.审体裁：记叙文
3.审时态：一般过去时
(四)范文
Yuan Longping was born in Beijing on the September 7, 1930. He took his interest all the way to the science and nature. After graduating from Southwest University in1953, he decided to explore nature and do research on the hybrid rice.
Throughout his life, Yuan Longping worked hard to research hybrid rice. He worked in the fields and finally achieved success. Though facing many challenges, Yuan never stopped his work. Yuan is also known as the "Father of Hybrid Rice" because of his contribution. But Yuan seldom thought about personal honour or wealth.
I think we should learn from hi spirit of hard work and lifelong exploration and make a positive contribution to our society.
Thanks!
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Unit 5 Looking into nature 语法+写作解析
一、语法解析
宾语从句(一)
(一)定义：
放在动词后面的句子，称为"宾语从句".
(二)可分为三类：
一类是that引导的宾语从句；
一类是whether/ if引导的宾语从句；
一类是连接代词，连接副词引导的宾语从句。
(三)that引导的宾语从句
1.宾语从句的引导词是that，当谓语动词表示肯定的概念，如"希望","相信：","知道"或"说"时，后面的句子一般用that引导，that没有任何意义。只有语法功能，目的使读者清楚后面的句子是宾语从句，that可省略。接that引导的宾语从句的动词有：believe,expect,explain,feel, hear, hope, imagine, prefer, promise, report, say, see, tell, think, understand, warn,wish等。
引导that用于下列情况时不可省略：
(1)当宾语从句的主语是that时，
Eg: He says that that is a useful book.
他说那是一本有用的书。
(2)当从句前有插入语时
Eg: It says, on the card, that it is made in China.
卡片上说，它是中国制造。
(3)当宾语从句中含主从复合句时
Eg: I'm afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.
我害怕如果你丢了它，你必须付款。
(4)当两个或多个宾语从句由并列连词连接时，除第一个从句中的that可省略外，其余从句中的 that都不可省略
Eg: He said (that) the film was very interesting and that he enjoyed seeing it very much.
他说电影非常有趣，他非常非常喜欢看它。
2.宾语从句的时态：
(1)主句是现在的某种时态，那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定
Eg: I remember he gave me a book yesterday.
我记得他昨天给我一本书。
He has told me that he'll leave for New York tomorrow.
他告诉我他明天将动身去纽约。
(2)如果主句是过去的某种时态，宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态。
Eg: He told me that he would take part in the high jump.
他告诉我他将参加跳高。
(3)宾语从句表客观事实或真理，从句始终用一般现在时
Eg: He told me that the earth is round.
他告诉我地球是圆的。
注意：宾语从句中，当主句主语为第一人称，谓语动词为think,believe,suppose等时，要否定前移。
Eg: I don't think he is a good student.
我觉得他是不是一个好学生。
(四)whether/ if 引导的宾语从句：
whether/ if译为"是否"(宾语从句时一般疑问句时，用 whether/if引导，但不可省略，在从句中不作句子成分，译为"是否")
Eg: I want to know whether/ if my sister is waiting for me at the school gate.
我想要知道我姐姐是否在校门口等我。
注意：由一般疑问句或选择疑问句转化而来，需将疑问句改为陈述句语序。
whether与if可互换，但只能用whether，不用if的情况如下：
1.引导介词的宾语从句：
Eg: I'm not angry about whether he will pass the exam.
我对他是否通过考试不生气。
2.直接与or not连用时
Eg: I'm not sure whether his answer is right or not.
我不确定他的答案是否正确。
二、写作解析
本单元写作主题为"探索大自然"
(一)内容：
讲述自然探索者的故事；介绍探索自然的经历；通过探索经历反思人与自然的关系。
例如：介绍自然探索者袁隆平
(二)常用句型
1.Most people get interested and ask questions. But one person took his interest all the way to the fields.
2.Have you ever heard of Yuan Longping
3.Throughout his life, Yuan Longping worked hard to research the hybrid rice.
4.To carry out his research, he spent years in the fields.
5.But he seldom thought about personal honour or wealth.
6.Although he passed away, his spirit still lives in our heart.
(三)写作模板
1.审人称：第三人称
2.审体裁：记叙文
3.审时态：一般过去时
(四)范文
Yuan Longping was born in Beijing on the September 7, 1930. He took his interest all the way to the science and nature. After graduating from Southwest University in1953, he decided to explore nature and do research on the hybrid rice.
Throughout his life, Yuan Longping worked hard to research hybrid rice. He worked in the fields and finally achieved success. Though facing many challenges, Yuan never stopped his work. Yuan is also known as the "Father of Hybrid Rice" because of his contribution. But Yuan seldom thought about personal honour or wealth.
I think we should learn from hi spirit of hard work and lifelong exploration and make a positive contribution to our society.
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