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(共40张PPT)
Unit 1 People around us
初中英语沪教版七年级下册单词讲解
Vocabulary
advice / d va s/ n. 建议
encourage / n k r d / v. 鼓励；激励
retire /r ta (r)/ v. （令）退职；（使）退休
cheerful / t fl/ adj. 快乐的；高兴的
community /k mju n ti/ n. 社区
medical / med kl/ adj. 医学的；医疗的
wherever /we r ev (r)/ conj. 各处；处处
future / fju t (r)/ n. 将来；未来
soon /su n/ adv. 很快；马上；不久
smart /smɑ t/ adj. 聪明的；机敏的
attention / ten n/ n. 专心；注意力
seldom / seld m/ adv. 不常；很少；难得
Vocabulary
bored /b d/ adj. （对某人/事物）厌倦的；烦闷的
strict /str kt/ adj. 要求严格的；严厉的
relative / rel t v/ n. 亲戚；亲属
uniform / ju n f m/ n. 制服；校服
personality / p s n l ti/ n. 性格；个性
characteristic / k r kt r st k/ n. 特点；品质
topic / t p k/ n. 话题；标题
active / kt v/ adj. 忙碌的；活跃的
smartphone / smɑ tf n/ n. 智能手机
wisely / wa zli/ adv. 聪明地；明智地
competition / k mp t n/ n. 比赛；竞赛
shower / a (r)/ n. 淋浴
Vocabulary
online / n la n/ adj. 在线的
site /sa t/ n. 建筑工地
narrow / n r / adj. 狭窄的；窄小的
superman / su p m n/ n. 超人
— — — Unit 1 — — —
Words and expressions
advice
/ d va s/
n. 建议
词性
变换
- advise v. / d va z/ 建议；劝告
- advisable adj. 明智的；可取的
短语
- give advice 提建议
- take one's advice 听从某人的建议
- a piece of advice 一条建议
例句
1. My teacher gave me some good advice on how to learn English.
老师给了我一些关于如何学习英语的好建议。
2. You should take his advice and study harder.
你应该听他的建议，更努力地学习。
encourage
/ n k r d /
v. 鼓励；激励
词性
变换
- encourages v. 鼓励；激励
- encouraged v. 鼓励；激励
- encouragement n. 鼓励；激励
短语
- encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
- encourage sb. in sth. 在某事上鼓励某人
例句
1. My parents always encourage me to keep trying when I fail.
我失败时，父母总是鼓励我继续努力。
2. Her words of encouragement made me feel better.
她鼓励的话语让我感觉好多了。
retire
/r ta (r)/
v. （令）退职；（使）退休
词性
变换
- retires v. 退休
- retired v. 退休
- retired adj. 退休的；退役的
- retirement n. 退休；退役
短语
- retire from work 退休
- retire early 提前退休
例句
1. My grandfather retired at the age of 60.
我爷爷60岁时退休了。
2. He is planning to retire to the countryside next year.
他计划明年退休后去乡下生活。
cheerful
/ t fl/
adj. 快乐的；高兴的
词性
变换
- cheerfully adv. 快乐地；高兴地
- cheer v. 欢呼；使高兴
- cheer n. 欢呼；喝彩
短语
- a cheerful smile 灿烂的笑容
- a cheerful person 性格开朗的人
例句
1. She has a cheerful personality and everyone likes her.
她性格开朗，大家都很喜欢她。
2. The children are cheerful on the first day of school.
孩子们开学第一天都很开心。
community
/k mju n ti/
n. 社区
词性
变换
- communal adj. 公共的；社区的
短语
- community service 社区服务
- community centre 社区活动中心
- live in a community 住在社区里
例句
1. There is a new library in our community.
我们社区里有一座新图书馆。
2. We often take part in community activities on weekends.
我们周末经常参加社区活动。
medical
/ med kl/
adj. 医学的；医疗的
词性
变换
- medicine n. 药；医学
- medically adv. 医学上；医疗上
短语
- medical care 医疗护理
- medical examination 体检
- medical school 医学院
例句
1. The doctor gave me some medical advice.
医生给了我一些医疗建议。
2. He wants to study medical science at university.
他想在大学里学习医学。
wherever
/we r ev (r)/
conj. 各处；处处
词性
变换
- 由where + ever构成，用法同where，但语气更强
- 引导地点状语从句，意为“无论哪里” 常用用法
例句
1. Wherever you go, I will always remember you.
无论你去哪里，我都会记得你。
2. You can find this kind of shop wherever you are in the city.
在这座城市里，无论哪里都能找到这种商店。
future
/ fju t (r)/
n. 将来；未来
词性
变换
- future adj. 未来的；将来的
短语
- in the future 在将来
- future life 未来生活
- plan for the future 为未来做计划
例句
1. I hope to become a teacher in the future.
我希望将来能成为一名老师。
2. No one knows what will happen in the future.
没有人知道未来会发生什么。
soon
/su n/
adv. 很快；马上；不久
短语
- as soon as 一……就……
- soon after 不久之后
- see you soon 回头见
例句
1. Please write back to me soon.
请尽快给我回信。
2. As soon as I get home, I will call you.
我一到家就给你打电话。
smart
/smɑ t/
adj. 聪明的；机敏的
词性
变换
- smarter adj. 更聪明的
- smartest adj. 最聪明的
- smartly adv. 时髦地；机敏地
短语
- a smart student 聪明的学生
- smart ideas 好主意
- smart phone 智能手机
例句
1. He is a smart boy and learns things quickly.
他是个聪明的男孩，学东西很快。
2. She gave a smart answer to the teacher's question.
她对老师的问题给出了机智的回答。
attention
/ ten n/
n. 专心；注意力
词性
变换
- attend v. 出席；注意
- attentive adj. 注意的；专心的
短语
- pay attention to 注意
- catch one's attention 引起某人的注意
- draw attention 吸引注意力
例句
1. Please pay attention to the teacher in class.
上课请认真听老师讲课。
2. The loud noise caught everyone's attention.
巨大的噪音引起了所有人的注意。
seldom
/ seld m/
adv. 不常；很少；难得
常用用法
- 位于实义动词前，be动词/助动词后
例句
1. He seldom eats junk food because it's unhealthy.
他很少吃垃圾食品，因为这不健康。
2. She is seldom late for school.
她上学很少迟到。
bored
/b d/
adj. （对某人/事物）厌倦的；烦闷的
词性
变换
- boring adj. 令人厌倦的；无聊的（修饰事物）
- bore v. 使厌烦；使无聊
短语
- be bored with 对……感到厌倦
- feel bored 感到无聊
例句
1. I feel bored when I have nothing to do.
我没事做的时候会觉得很无聊。
2. He is bored with watching TV every day.
他厌倦了每天看电视。
strict
/str kt/
adj. 要求严格的；严厉的
词性
变换
- stricter adj. 更严格的
- strictest adj. 最严格的
- strictly adv. 严格地
短语
- be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格
- be strict about sth. 对某事要求严格
例句
1. My parents are strict with me, but I know they love me.
我的父母对我很严格，但我知道他们爱我。
2. The teacher is strict about homework.
老师对作业要求很严格。
relative
/ rel t v/
n. 亲戚；亲属
词性
变换
- relative adj. 相对的；相关的
- relatively adv. 相对地；比较地
短语
- close relatives 近亲
- distant relatives 远亲
例句
1. We have many relatives coming to visit us during the Spring Festival.
春节期间，有很多亲戚来看我们。
2. He is my father's distant relative.
他是我父亲的远房亲戚。
uniform
/ ju n f m/
n. 制服；校服
词性
变换
- uniform adj. 统一的；一致的
短语
- school uniform 校服
- police uniform 警服
- wear a uniform 穿制服
例句
1. All students must wear school uniforms on weekdays.
所有学生工作日都必须穿校服。
2. The nurse is in her white uniform.
护士穿着她的白色制服。
personality
/ p s n l ti/
n. 性格；个性
词性
变换
- personal adj. 个人的；私人的
短语
- a friendly personality 友善的性格
- personality traits 性格特点
例句
1. Her cheerful personality makes her very popular.
她开朗的性格让她很受欢迎。
2. I like people with a warm personality.
我喜欢性格热情的人。
characteristic
/ k r kt r st k/
n. 特点；品质
词性
变换
- characteristic adj. 特有的；典型的
短语
- a key characteristic 主要特点
- physical characteristics 外貌特征
例句
1. Honesty is an important characteristic of a good person.
诚实是好人的重要品质。
2. The lion has many characteristics of wild animals.
狮子有很多野生动物的特征。
topic
/ t p k/
n. 话题；标题
词性
变换
- topics n. 话题；标题
短语
- a topic of conversation 谈话的话题
- change the topic 转移话题
例句
1. The topic of today's discussion is "Our Dreams".
今天讨论的话题是“我们的梦想”。
2. She didn't want to talk about that topic.
她不想谈论那个话题。
active
/ kt v/
adj. 忙碌的；活跃的
词性
变换
- actively adv. 活跃地；积极地
- activity n. 活动
短语
- take an active part in 积极参加
- be active in 在……中活跃
例句
1. She is an active member of the school dance club.
她是学校舞蹈俱乐部的活跃成员。
2. He is very active in class and always answers questions.
他在课堂上很活跃，总是回答问题。
smartphone
/ smɑ tf n/
n. 智能手机
短语
- use a smartphone 使用智能手机
- smartphone apps 智能手机应用
例句
1. My parents bought me a new smartphone for my birthday.
我父母给我买了一部新智能手机当生日礼物。
2. Many people use smartphones to take photos.
很多人用智能手机拍照。
wisely
/ wa zli/
adv. 聪明地；明智地
词性
变换
- wise adj. 明智的；聪明的
- wisdom n. 智慧
短语
- use money wisely 明智地花钱
- act wisely 明智地行事
例句
1. You should use your pocket money wisely.
你应该明智地使用你的零花钱。
2. He solved the problem wisely.
他聪明地解决了这个问题。
competition
/ k mp t n/
n. 比赛；竞赛
词性
变换
- compete v. 比赛；竞争
- competitor n. 参赛者；竞争者
- competitive adj. 竞争的；好胜的
短语
- take part in a competition 参加比赛
- win a competition 赢得比赛
例句
1. She won first prize in the singing competition.
她在歌唱比赛中获得了一等奖。
2. There is a lot of competition in the job market.
就业市场的竞争很激烈。
shower
/ a (r)/
n. 淋浴
词性
变换
- shower v. 淋浴；阵雨般落下
短语
- take a shower 洗淋浴
- have a shower 洗个澡
- a rain shower 阵雨
例句
1. I usually take a shower before going to bed.
我通常睡觉前会洗个澡。
2. There was a sudden shower in the afternoon.
下午突然下了一场阵雨。
online
/ n la n/
adj. 在线的
词性
变换
- online adv. 在线地；在网上
短语
- online class 网课
- online shopping 网购
- go online 上网
例句
1. We had online classes during the holiday.
假期期间我们上了网课。
2. I often buy books online.
我经常在网上买书。
site
/sa t/
n. 建筑工地
词性
变换
- sites n. 工地；地点
短语
- a construction site 建筑工地
- the site of the accident 事故现场
例句
1. The workers are busy on the construction site.
工人们在建筑工地上忙碌。
2. The police arrived at the site of the fire quickly.
警察很快到达了火灾现场。
narrow
/ n r /
adj. 狭窄的；窄小的
词性
变换
- narrower adj. 更窄的
- narrowest adj. 最窄的
- narrowly adv. 勉强地；狭窄地
短语
- a narrow road 狭窄的路
- a narrow escape 死里逃生
例句
1. The street is too narrow for cars to pass.
这条街太窄了，汽车无法通过。
2. We had a narrow escape from the falling tree.
我们从倒下的树旁死里逃生。
superman
/ su p m n/
n. 超人
词性
变换
- supermen n. 超人
短语
- like a superman 像超人一样
- superman's power 超人的力量
例句
1. The little boy wants to be a superman when he grows up.
这个小男孩长大后想当超人。
2. He is like a superman and can finish everything quickly.
他像超人一样，能很快完成所有事。
— — — Unit 1 — — —
Exercises
一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。
1. My teacher gave me some useful ______ (建议) on improving my writing.
2. Parents should _________ (鼓励) their kids to try new things bravely.
3. My grandfather will ______ (退休) from his job next year.
4. The girl with a ________ (快乐的) smile is my best friend.
5. We often take part in _________ (社区) activities at weekends.
advice
encourage
retire
cheerful
community
一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。
6. You need to get a _______ (医疗的) check-up every year.
7. I hope to become a doctor in the ______ (将来).
8. Our teacher is very ______ (严格的) about our homework.
9. Many _________ (亲戚) came to my birthday party last week.
10. She won first prize in the singing ___________ (比赛).
medical
future
strict
relatives
competition
二、用单词的适当形式填空。
1. You should ______ (advice) your brother to stop playing computer games too much.
2. Her words of _____________ (encourage) made me feel confident again.
3. My _______ (retire) grandmother spends her time growing flowers.
4. The children talked __________ (cheerful) about their summer holiday.
5. We share a _________ (community) kitchen with our neighbors.
advise
encouragement
retired
cheerfully
communal
二、用单词的适当形式填空。
6. Take this ________ (medical) three times a day and you’ll feel better soon.
7. You need to use your money ______ (wisely) instead of wasting it.
8. He will _______ (competition) with ten other students in the speech contest.
9. I feel _____ (bore) when I stay at home alone for a long time.
10. Lily is an ______ (active) girl who takes part in all kinds of school activities.
medicine
wisely
compete
bored
active
三、选词填空（5题）
attention, soon, smartphone, online, narrow
(请从方框中选择合适单词填入空格，每词限用一次)
1. Please pay _________ to what the teacher is saying in class.
2. I will finish my homework ______ and then go out to play.
3. My mom bought me a new ___________ for my 14th birthday.
4. We had ______ classes during the lockdown last year.
5. The ______ street is not wide enough for two cars to pass.
attention
soon
smartphone
online
narrow
See You!

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