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八下Unit5语法--过去进行时
一、概念
①过去某个时间正在发生的动作
例：He was cooking at six last night. 昨天晚上六点，他正在做饭。
②过去某段时间正在发生的动作
例：I was staying here from March to May last year. 去年从 3 月到 5 月，我一直呆在这里。
二、动词形式：was/were+ 现在分词
句子类型 结构
肯定句 主语(sb.)+was/were+v.-ing(doing)+其它.
否定句 主语(sb.)+was/were +not+v.-ing(doing)+其它.
一般疑问句 Was/Were+主语+v.-ing(doing)+其它
特殊疑问句 疑问词+was/were+主语+v.-ing(doing)+其它
e.g.
肯定句 He was cooking at six last night.
否定句 He was not cooking at six last night.
一般疑问句 Was he cooking at six last night
肯定回答：Yes,he was.
否定回答：No,he wasn't.
特殊疑问句 What was he doing at six last night
三、时间状语
1.at nine last night 在昨晚 9 点
2.at that time=at that moment 在那时
3.at this time yesterday 在昨天的这个时候
4.when the teacher came in/while he was reading 的提示
Jim was reading when the teacher came in. 当老师进来的时候，吉姆正在读书。
Jim was reading while Kate was watching TV. 在凯特正在看电视的同时，吉姆正在读书。
Jim came in while Kate was watching TV. 在凯特正在看电视的时候，吉姆进来了。
四、现在分词（V-ing）构成规则
类别 构成方法 例词
一般情况 直接加-ing go-going
以不发音的字母e结尾的单词 去掉e，再加-ing take-taking
以重读闭音节结尾的动词，末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写这个辅音字母，再加-ing get-getting；stop-stopping
五、易错区分
1、过去进行时与一般过去时区别
对比维度 过去进行时 一般过去时
基本用法 表示在过去的某一时刻或某一时间正在进行的动作 过去某个时间发生过的动作或存在的状态
结构形式 主语+was/were+V-ing形式 主语+动词过去式
时间状语 at7yesterday,at that time,this time last night等；when与 while引导的时间状语从句 yesterday,last week,in 1993,once,before, a few days ago等
核心区别 表示一个过去正在进行而可能尚未完成的动作 表示过去已经完成的动作
过去进行时表示过去正在进行的动作，而一般过去时则表示一个完整的动作。
如：They were writing letters to their friends last night. 昨晚他们在写信给他们的朋友。(没有说明信是否写完)
They wrote letters to their friends last night. 他们昨晚写了信给他们的朋友。(表达了他们已写好的意思，整个写的过 程已完成。)
He watched TV last night.(过去时间 last night, 用一般过去时)
He was watching TV at nine last night.(过去时间 last night + 点时间 at nine, 用过去进行时)
1. 我昨天打了篮球。_____________________________________
2. 我昨天上午 10 点正在打篮球。
3. 昨晚 8 点你在干什么？我在洗淋浴。
—What ________ you ________ at eight last night —I ________ a shower.
4. 当开始下雨的时候，Nick 正在帮他妈妈做晚饭。
When it began to rain,Nick ________ his mom ________ dinner.
5. 琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在干什么？琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在帮玛丽做作业
—What was Jenny ________ when Linda ________
—________ Linda ________,Jenny was helping Mary with her homework.
2、when 和 while 的区别
用 when 引导的时间状语从句来表达，这时主句常用过去进行时，when 引导的从句用过去时
1) when 既指时间点，也可指一段时间，while 只表示一段时间，所以 when 引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是瞬间性动词，也可以是延续性动词，而 while 从句中的动词必须是延续性动词，常用进行时。由 when 引导的时间状语从句常用一般过去时，而主句用过去进行时。而且可以相互转换。
(一). 延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，如：learn,work,stand,lie,know,walk,keep,have,wait, watch,sing,read,sleep,live,stay 等。(和时间段连用)
(二). 非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。如：open,die,close,begin,finish,come,go,move,borrow,lend,buy 等。(和时间点连用)
1.It was snowing when we arrived there=While it was snowing,we arrived there.
2.She was sleeping when I called her.=While she was sleeping,I called her.
3.They were having a party when it began to rain.=It began to rain while they were having a party.
2) 如果强调从句和主句的动作同时发生，两句都用过去进行时，则多用 while 引导从句。
They were singing while we were dancing.
Tom was doing his homework while his father was watching TV.
【巩固练习】
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.While the students ________ (listen) to the report, the teacher walked into the classroom.
2.When the storm came, the old man ________ (fix) his broken window.
3.We ________ (walk) on the street when a heavy rain suddenly started.
4.When my brother got home, I ________ (practise) playing the piano.
5. She ________ (water) the flowers in the garden when I passed by.
6.—Why didn’t you answer my call —I ________ (think) about the math problem and didn’t hear it.
7.At this time yesterday, my sister ________ (draw) a picture of the mountain.
8.—I looked for you all morning. Where were you —Sorry, I ________ (help) my neighbor carry boxes.
9.The sun ________ (rise) when we got to the top of the hill yesterday.
10.—You looked tired just now. What were you doing —I ________ (prepare) for the English test. It’s done now.
11.Tom ________ (do) his homework while his sister was watching cartoons yesterday evening.
12.He didn’t see the car because he ________ (look) at his phone at that time.
13.—I called you three times this morning, but no one answered.—I ________ (swim) in the pool the whole morning.
14.They ________ (clean) their classroom at seven yesterday evening.
15.While my dad was repairing the bike, my mom ________ (cook) dinner.
16.While we ________ (wait) for the train, a little boy ________ (run) towards us.
17.I ________ (talk) with my friend on the phone when my mom ________ (come) back.
18.Lucy ________ (get) on the bus as it ________ (move) slowly.
19.We ________ (use) the new computer when the power ________ (go) off.
20.He ________ (not want) to go out while his friends ________ (all, study) at home.
21.While my grandma ________ (tell) me a story, the doorbell ________ (ring).
22.As I ________ (walk) in the street, it ________ (begin) to snow.
23.Even when she ________ (be) a little girl, she ________ (already, think) of becoming a teacher.
24.It was very late at night. Ann ________ (read) and her brother ________ (play) games when they ________ (hear) a loud noise.
25.There ________ (be) a lot of people around the shop when we ________ (reach) there. A salesman ________ (sit) the products; two kids ________ (lie) on the ground; an old man ________ (bend) at the window.
26.I ________ (have) a walk at half past six yesterday morning.
27.Linda ________ (go) her lessons from seven to eight last night. Her brother ________ (do) his homework too.
28.What ________ you ________ (do) at that time We ________ (watch) books.
29.Was your mom at home yesterday evening Yes, she was. She ________ (listen) the dishes.
30.They ________ (not make) a snowman when I saw them.
31.________ they ________ (have) a music class at 4 yesterday afternoon No,they ________. They ________ (clean) the school hall.
32.________ it ________ (rain)when you left school Yes,it ________.(No,it ________)
33.What ________ your mother ________ (do)when she was your age
34.He asked me if I ________ (go)hiking that afternoon.
35.The students were in a hurry because their bus ________ (leave)in ten minutes.
36.In a letter, Lucy told us that she ________ (come)to our city next week.
37.When the class began, Mike ________ (wait)in his seat.
38.While my brother ________ (look)through the magazine, he suddenly ________ (let) out a cry of surprise.
39.Lily ________ (wait)for me when I ________ (arrive)
40.________ they ________ (feed)the birds at 5:00 yesterday afternoon
41.Mrs.White ________ (not wash)clothes at this time yesterday.
42.Grandma ________ (mend)her sweater when I reached home.
43.My mom ________ (cook)breakfast while I ________ (wash)my teeth this morning.
44.Father ________ (sweep)the floor when I ________ (leave)home.
45.The children ________ (have)a PE class when the headmaster ________ (come).
46.The worker ________ (drive)to the factory when it ________ (start)to rain last night.
47.Some boys ________ (play)football when I ________ (see)them on the playground.
48.At that time yesterday, we ________ (make)a snowman in the yard.
49.At that moment, she ________ (do)her homework with her sister.
50.Why did the teacher stop you I ________ (make) with my classmate at that moment.
二、句型转换
She was reading a book at 9:00 p.m.last night.
否定句：__________________________________________
一般疑问句：_______________________________________
肯定回答：_______________________
否定回答：_______________________
对划线部分提问：_______________________________________
按要求转换下列句型。
1.They were having a music class at four yesterday afternoon.(改为否定句)
They ________ a music class at four yesterday afternoon.
2.Lucy was doing her homework at eight last night.(改为一般疑问句，并做肯 / 否定回答)
________ Lucy ________ her homework at eight last night
________,she ________.
________,she ________.
3.She walked in the street.(用 at this time yesterday 改写)
She ________ in the street at this time yesterday.
4.They were listening to music at nine last night.(对划线部分提问)
________ they ________ at nine last night
5.I was reading a newspaper at three yesterday afternoon.(对划线部分提问)
________ you reading a newspaper
三、根据汉语提示完成句子
1. 当你在听音乐时，我正在写作业。
While you were listening to music,I ________ my homework for my final exams.
2. 我弟弟当时正在玩游戏，突然停电了。
My brother ________ games when the power went off.
3. 昨天下午七点我到家时，妈妈正在做晚饭。
My mom ________ dinner when I got home at 7 o'clock yesterday afternoon.
4. 我们无法忍受他的吵闹声。我觉得他好像在故意打扰我们。
We couldn't stand his noise.I thought that he ________ us.
5. 当暴风雨来袭时，人们正在做些什么？
What ________ people ________ when the rainstorm hit
6. 那时汤姆正在做作业吗？
Was Tom ________ his homework at that time
7. 昨天晚上九点钟彼得发生了什么事？
What was ________ to Peter at nine o'clock yesterday evening
8. 我不记得那时她正在做什么。
I didn't remember what she ________ at that time.
9. 当我遇见他们时，他们在等出租车。
They ________ a taxi when I met them.
10. 当我到达学校的时候，老师正在讲课。
My teacher ________ a lesson when I arrived at school.
11. 所以，在你看书期间，我给汤姆打了电话，他帮助了我。
So while you ________ books,I called Tom and he helped me.
12. 杰克的爸爸正在修理窗户，同时他妈妈在检查雨伞是否能用。
Jack's dad ________ the window while his mom ________ if the umbrellas were working.
13. 尽管一些人可能不记得那天发生了什么，但他们记得当他们听到这个消息时正在做的事情。
Although some people may not remember what ________ that day,they remember what they ________ when they heard the news.
14. 露西正在帮她妈妈打扫房间，突然风开始猛烈地吹窗户。
Lucy ________ her mom ________ the room when the wind began to blow heavily against the windows.
15. 昨天下午 4 点时，我正前往图书馆。
I ________ to the library at 4:00 yesterday afternoon.
16. 据我所知，昨晚 10 点时布朗一家正在看电影。
As far as I know,the Browns ________ a movie at 10 last night.
17. 当我正在洗衣服的时候，他们正在听收音机。
They ________ to the radio while I was washing clothes.
18. 你给我打电话时，我正在打扫房间。
When you called me,I ________ the room.
19. 你记得昨天上午九点钟你在做什么吗？
Do you remember what you ________ at nine yesterday morning
20. 那时他正在等他的朋友。
He was ________ his friend at that time.
四、用 when 或 while 填空
1.Lucy was walking on the street ________ he found a wallet.
2.I was doing my homework ________ my mother was cooking.
3.________ Tom was reading, his sister arrived.
4.What were you doing ________ the fire happened
5.Mike was taking photos ________ his friend bought a bottle of water.
6.________ I got up this morning,my mother was making breakfast in the kitchen.
7.________ we were discussing in the classroom,the teacher came in.
8.________ they got to the station,it was snowing.
9.________ she was listening to music,the phone rang.
10.________ I saw the girl,she was wearing a red dress.

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