资源简介

(共51张PPT)
UNIT 4　Everyday economics
(单元主题语境：人与社会——日常经济学)
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
Ⅰ.重点词汇
1. adj.传统的，常规的
2. v.不公正地区别对待，歧视
3. adj.质量上乘的，优质的
4. adj.不浓烈的，淡的
5. n.（高中或大学的）一年级学生
6. adj.经济上周转得开的；不欠债的
7. v.介入；干涉
8. adj.（想法、决定等）合理的，基于理性的
conventional
discriminate
superior
mild
freshman
afloat
interfere
rational
9. v.超过，超出
10. n.令人悲伤的事，不幸
11. v.（短期的）租用，租借
12. adv.因此，由此
13. n.监督；管理
14. n.滥用
15. n.（女式）钱包
16. n.偷窃，偷盗
exceed
sorrow
hire
thereby
supervision
abuse
purse
theft
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1.subject n.主题；话题；学科；科目→ adj.主观的
2.finance n.财政；资金；金融→ adj.财政的，金融的；财务的→financially adv.财政上；金融上
3. v.积累，积聚→accumulation n.积聚，积累→accumulative adj.累积的
4.automatic adj.自动的；不假思索的；无意识的；必然的→ . adv.自动地
5.frustrate vt.挫败；阻挠；使沮丧→ n.懊丧，懊恼，沮丧
6. n.费用，花费→expensive adj.昂贵的；花钱多的
subjective
financial
accumulate
automatically
frustration
expense
后缀-ive表示“有……倾向（的）；有……性质（的）”，用在动词或名词后构成名词或形容词。
subject→subjective　create→creative　act→active
detect→detective　palliate→palliative　
Ⅲ.短语互译
1.使收支仅能相抵
2.陷入债务之中，负债
3.以损害……为代价
4.出租（房屋、房间、土地等）
5.妨碍，阻止
6.受支配；从属于；常遭受
7.take off ,
8.be relevant to .
9.be beneficial to .
make ends meet
go into debt
at the expense of
rent out
interfere with
be subject to
脱下；起飞；突然成功
与……有关
有益于
Ⅳ.重点句式
1. 句型：by doing通过（某种方式）
教材原句：And set-ups such as bike and car sharing do a further favour for the environment by reducing the number of polluting vehicles on the road.
翻译： ,
,
共享单车、共享汽车等计划的实施会进一步保护环境，因为它们减少了行驶在路上的污染排放车辆的数量。
2.动词不定式作后置定语
教材原句：Yet，the technology to prevent such information from leaking or being stolen still needs improvement，and the awareness of potential risks is low among both service providers and users.
翻译： ,
,
然而，防止此类信息泄露或被盗的技术仍然有待改进，服务方和用户对潜在风险的防范意识也较低。
熟读精思·研读文本精华
Ⅰ.原文释译
What’s mine is yours.
We’ve been told since we were toddlers① that “It’s good to share”.Parents and teachers keep reminding us to share toys，snacks，books，happy memories，and sometimes even sorrows② with others. When we grow up，we share photos，life stories and opinions with people around us and with those we don’t know via social media. Taking it as an object of study，psychologists have published various papers stating that the behaviour③ of sharing is beneficial④ to setting up⑤ positive emotional bonding.
since 引导时间状语从句。
When 引导时间状语从句。
定语从句，省略了关系代词who。
现在分词短语作伴随状语。
现在分词短语作后置定语，其中that引导宾语从句。
Today，the action of sharing takes on extra meaning.It’s not just about sharing sweets or frustration⑥；it has expanded to almost every aspect of our lives—the whole world seems to be into sharing.We are using technology to reduce the money that we spend on goods and services，or to make money out of those that we don’t use ourselves all of the time.These vary from car shares to home shares，and even to pet shares.The sharing economy is taking off⑦ in all sorts of areas.It is creating new ways of thinking and is providing services to people when and where they want them.
动词不定式短语作目的状语。
、 均为that引导的定语从句。
when and where引导状语从句。
This wealth of ways of sharing is a response⑧ to our increasing demand for quality goods and services at competitive prices，all delivered at the click of a button.Whether it’s an online shop where we can hire⑨ designer clothes⑩ at rock-bottom prices，or a platform from which we can rent out our flats for a couple of days，it’s out there. Whether we’re a lender or a borrower，it’s a win-win situation；everyone makes or saves money.We also make connections and sometimes even make new friends.What’s more，sharing encourages us to reuse items， thereby cutting down on waste.And set-ups such as bike and car sharing do a further favour for the environment by reducing the number of polluting vehicles on the road.
“whether ...or ...”引导让步状语从句。
“by doing ...”表示“通过（某种方式）”。
But the sharing economy is not without its problems. As is often the case all over the world with new areas of economic activity，the sharing economy is developing faster than existing regulations or ongoing supervision .Some companies are taking unfair advantage of this situation to expand their share of the market，often at the expense of more traditional and established companies.In addition，the sharing economy is subject to
abuse of trust.Some people have experienced damage to their properties
whilst renting out their homes，and others have found themselves victims of theft or attack while sharing rides.Finally，personal data，the heart of the sharing economy，is not yet secure.Sharing platforms collect personal information about almost every part of our lives， including our names，locations，bank information，and individual preferences for goods and services.Yet，the technology to prevent such information from leaking or being stolen still needs improvement，and the awareness of potential risks is low among both service providers and users.
13
14
15
As引导非限制性定语从句。
、 为whilst 和while 引导的时间状语从句的省略结构，分别相当于whilst they are renting out their homes和while they are sharing rides。
动词不定式短语作后置定语；“prevent ...from ...”表示“防止……，阻止……”。
13
14
15
Nonetheless ，what is in no doubt is that the sharing economy is increasingly relevant to our daily lives as well as to the global economy. It is expanding at such a rate that we can only imagine what it will comprise in the future. What will we be sharing next？Who will be sharing and how？And the most interesting question of all—what type of society will all this sharing take us to？
“such ...that ...”句式中的that引导结果状语从句；what引导宾语从句。
16
16
◆难词注解
①toddler n.学步的儿童，刚学走路的小孩
②sorrow n.令人悲伤的事，不幸
③behaviour n.行为；举止；态度；（人、动植物、化学品等的）表现方式
④beneficial adj.有利的，有益的
⑤set up建立；创建；安排
※set down制定；记下，写下
set off 动身；使爆炸
set about doing开始做，着手做
set out动身；出发；启程；陈列；陈述
⑥frustration n.懊丧，懊恼，沮丧
⑦take off脱下；起飞；突然成功
⑧response n.反应；回答，答复
※respond vt.& vi.回答 vi.响应；作出反应
※responsibility n.义务；职责；责任；负责
※in response to作为……的回应
⑨hire v.（短期的）租用，租借
⑩designer clothes名牌服装
rent out出租（房屋、房间、土地等）
thereby adv.因此，由此
supervision n.监督；管理
at the expense of以损害……为代价
※expense n.费用，花费
abuse n.滥用
property n.房地产；财产；所有物
whilst conj.同时；当……的时候；［英］同“while”
theft n.偷窃，偷盗
include vt.包括，包含；把……算入
※contain 也有“包含，含有”的意思，侧重指包含的是某物的组成部分或内容
nonetheless adv.虽然如此；但是
relevant adj.有关的；中肯的；切题的
Ⅱ.文本理解
文章架构
sharing
benefits
problems
future
细节探究
1.What is the attitude of the whole society towards sharing behaviour？ （　　）
A.Positive. B.Opponent.
C.Puzzled. D.Angry.
2.What can we learn from the second paragraph？ （　　）
A.The action of sharing is the same way as before.
B.It is only about sharing sweets or frustration.
C.Sharing can reduce the money that we spend on goods and services.
D.Home shares are not supported by people.
3.Where does the sharing service take place？（　　）
A.In the shop. B.In the flats.
C.In the cars. D.On the platform.
4.How can we deal with the sharing economy’s problems？ （　　）
A.We should limit new areas of economic activity.
B.We should not persuade some companies to expand their share of the market.
C.We should try to avoid trading on the platform.
D.We should improve the technology to protect personal information.
答案：1～4 ACDD
课文语法填空
We’ve been told since we were children that “It’s good to share”.1. ,（take） it as an object of study，psychologists have published 2. .（vary） papers stating that the behaviour of sharing is beneficial to setting up positive emotional bonding.Today，we are using technology to reduce the money that we spend 3. goods and services，or to make money out of those that we don’t use ourselves all of the time.The sharing economy is creating new ways of thinking and is providing 4. （serve） to people when and where they want them.
Taking
various
on
services
This wealth of ways of sharing is a response to our increasing demand for quality goods，all 5. （deliver） at the click of a button.More importantly，sharing encourages us 6. （reuse） items，thereby cutting down on waste.7. ，the sharing economy is not without its problems.As is often the case all over the world with new areas of economic activity，the sharing economy is developing 8. （fast）than existing regulations or ongoing supervision.
Nonetheless，what is in no doubt is that the sharing economy is 9. .（increase） related to our daily lives.It is expanding at such a rate 10. we can only imagine what it will comprise in the future.
delivered
to reuse
However
faster
increasingly
that
Ⅲ.教材熟词生义/一词多义
abuse
①In addition，the sharing economy is subject to abuse of trust. .
②Abuse can lead to both psychological and emotional problems. .
③“Idiot！” is a term of abuse.
滥用
辱骂
虐待
Ⅳ.教材续写积累
按时间顺序叙述事件
We’ve been told since we were toddlers that “It’s good to share” ... When we grow up，we share photos，life stories and opinions with people ...
[仿写]完成句子
在我小时候，父母经常教育我要爱惜粮食，长大后我才知道农民种植粮食的辛苦。
，my parents often taught me to cherish food，and only
did I realize the hardships of farmers growing food.
When I was a child
when I grew up
互动探究·精研核心知识
1 go into debt陷入债务之中，负债
Avoid luxuries so that you don’t go into debt.
避免奢侈消费，这样你就不会负债。
[要点突破]
in debt欠债；负债
be heavily/deeply in debt负债累累
（get） out of debt还清债务
be in sb.’s debt欠某人的人情债；受某人的恩惠
get/run/fall into debt借债；负债
pay off debts还清债务
[写作佳句]
As far as I know，he is heavily/deeply in debt.
据我所知，他负债累累。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①She is a person who doesn’t like to be anyone’s debt.
②有传言说他负债累累，但我不确定这是否属实。
It is whispered that he ，but I am not sure whether it is true.
③为了还清所有的债务，这对夫妇夜以继日地努力工作。
The couple worked hard day and night in order to .
in
is heavily/deeply in debt
pay off all their debts
2 sorrow n.令人悲伤的事，不幸v.感到悲伤
Parents and teachers keep reminding us to share toys，snacks，books，happy memories，and sometimes even sorrows with others.
父母和老师不断地提醒我们要与他人分享玩具、零食、书籍以及快乐的回忆，有时甚至要向他人诉说自己的伤心事。
[要点突破]
①to one’s sorrow令某人悲伤的是
in sorrow悲伤地
tears of sorrow悲伤的泪水
②sorrowful adj.悲伤的，伤心的
[写作佳句]
Besides，we need friends to share our joys and sorrows.Otherwise we will feel lonely.
此外，我们需要朋友来分享我们的欢乐、分担我们的悲伤，否则我们会感到孤独。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①They said that the decision was made more sorrow than in anger.
②Suddenly，his father’s face looked soft and （sorrow）.
③令他非常悲痛的是，他在湖边的新房子被一场可怕的大火夷为平地。
，his new house beside the lake was burnt to the ground by a terrible fire.
in
sorrowful
Much to his sorrow
3 hire v.& n.（短期的）租用，租借；雇用
Whether it’s an online shop where we can hire designer clothes at rock-bottom prices，or a platform from which we can rent out our flats for a couple of days，it’s out there.
无论是可以让我们以最低价格租到名牌服装的网店，还是可以让我们把自己的公寓短租几天的平台，都已出现。
[要点突破]
①hire out sth.to sb.=hire sth.out to sb.向某人出租某物
hire sb.to do sth.雇用某人做某事
hire oneself out （to sb.）为（某人）工作；受雇于
②on hire在出租的
for hire供出租
[写作佳句]
Companies hiring out narrow boats to visitors report full order books.
向游客出租小船的公司称船已预订一空。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①The historian hired （he） out to whoever needed his services.
②There’s a camping shop in town that has tents hire at $10 a week.
③我们必须在7月20日前把租来的车还回去。
We have to by July 20.
himself
for
return this hired car
4 expense n.费用，花费
Some companies are taking unfair advantage of this situation to expand their share of the market，often at the expense of more traditional and established companies.
一些公司正在不公平地利用这种情况扩大其市场份额，通常以牺牲已有的更为传统的公司为代价。
[要点突破]
①at the expense/cost of sb./sth.在牺牲（或损害）某人/物的情况下
living/household/medical/legal expenses生活费/家庭开支/医药费/律师费
at sb.’s expense由某人付钱；由某人负担费用
②expensive adj.昂贵的，花钱多的
[写作佳句]
She maintains a full-time job so that she can pay for her tuition and her living expenses.
她干着一份全职工作，这样她就能支付学费和生活费。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①We hired the boat our own expense.
②Too often，when you stand up to give a speech，you focus on the “public” at the expense the “speaking”.
③他爸爸拿走了他赚的钱，用来支付家庭开支。
His dad took the money he earned and used it to .
at
of
pay household expenses
动词不定式作后置定语
Yet，the technology to prevent such information from leaking or being stolen still needs improvement，and the awareness of potential risks is low among both service providers and users.
然而，防止此类信息泄露或被盗的技术仍然有待改进，服务方和用户对潜在风险的防范意识也较低。
[情境探究]
①（2024·新课标 Ⅱ 卷）Walking at night-time is a great way to step out of your comfort zone.
晚上散步是走出舒适区的好方法。
②We all think he is the right person to carry out the plan.
我们一致认为他是执行这项计划的合适人选。
[要点突破]
①句中动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词technology。其中prevent sb./sth.from doing sth.结构，表示“阻止某人/某物做某事”。
②抽象名词decision、ability、determination、opportunity、chance、way、ambition以及time、place后常用动词不定式作定语。
③序数词、形容词最高级以及the only、the last、the right等修饰的名词后常用动词不定式作定语。
④注意：如果动词不定式中的动词是不及物动词，后面必须加上相应的介词。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①He is always the first （arrive） at the office and the last .（leave）.
②Our teachers often show eye-catching and creative videos to us，which is really a fun way （learn）.
③这次比赛是学生们提高英语口语水平的好机会。
This contest is .
.
to arrive
to learn
to leave
a good opportunity for students to improve their spoken English

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