资源简介

(共55张PPT)
UNIT 5　Into the unknown
(单元主题语境：人与自然——探索未知世界)
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
Ⅰ.重点词汇
1. v.后退；离开；退避
2. v.克制，抑制（情绪）
3. adj.地图上没有标明的
4. v.退缩，畏缩
5. n.毫米
retreat
subdue
uncharted
shrink
millimetre
6. adv.向上，朝上
7. adj.等同的；等值的；相当的
8. v.（使）整齐地堆起；摞起
9. adv.此外；而且；不仅如此
10. n.物质
upwards
equivalent
stack
furthermore
substance
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1.investigate v.调查；侦查；研究→ n.调查；研究→investigator n.调查者；侦查员
2.archaeology n.考古学→ adj.考古学的；考古的→archaeologist n.考古学家
3. adj.显要的；显著的；值得注意的→notably adv.特别；显著地；尤其
4.drill v.钻（孔）；训练；培训→ n.钻探；勘探
investigation
archaeological
notable
drilling
动词加后缀-ion构成名词，后缀-ion表示某一动作过程、结果与状态，以及与该行为有关的事物。
investigate→investigation　discuss→discussion
associate→association　express→expression　
Ⅲ.短语互译
1.逃跑，逃走 .
2.逃命 .
3.调查，检查 .
4.试水，试探 .
5.避开……；从……处脱身 .
6.动身踏上（漫长的）旅途 .
make a getaway
run for one’s life
check out
test the waters
steer clear of
set out
7.积极投入到……中去 .
8.再三考虑，慎重考虑 .
9.避免做，不愿做 .
10.调查（问题） .
11.up to .
12.more than .
throw oneself into
think twice
shrink from
look into
达到……程度或数量；取决于
不只是；多于；超过
Ⅳ.重点句式
1. 句型：if any如果有的话
教材原句：Today，some 500 years after the Esmeralda set sail，there is little—if any—land on our planet left unexplored.
翻译： ,
,
如今，距离“埃斯梅拉达”号起航已经过去了大约500年，我们星球上尚未被人类探索的土地——如果有的话——已经少之又少了。
2.given引导的介词短语作状语
教材原句：Given our limited knowledge，it is perhaps no surprise that exploration of the oceans continues to lead to discoveries in various scientific fields.
翻译： ,
,
鉴于我们有限的认知，海洋探索在诸多科学领域不断取得（新）发现也许就显得不足为奇了。
熟读精思·研读文本精华
Ⅰ.原文释译
DIVING DEEP
Lying under waters across the globe are an estimated three million shipwrecks①.All of them represent② attempts over the centuries to explore Earth’s furthest corners.Among these is the Esmeralda，the earliest wreck from the age of the European exploration③ of Asia.Today，some 500 years after the Esmeralda set sail，there is little— if any—land on our planet left unexplored.We have more detailed maps of the Moon，and even of Venus and Mars，than we do of Earth’s own sea bed.
完全倒装结构，“Lying ...the globe”为现在分词作表语位于句首，表示强调。
if any为条件状语从句的省略，补充完整为if there is any land on our planet left unexplored。
Given our limited knowledge， it is perhaps no surprise that exploration of the oceans continues to lead to discoveries in various scientific fields.As with the discovery of the Esmeralda，many archaeological④ finds are made in shallow waters near the coast.These may sometimes include whole cities buried beneath the waves.One such find is the ancient Roman city of Ne’polis，discovered off the coast of Tunisia. Believed to have been buried underwater by a tsunami in the fourth century AD，the ruins of Ne’polis are
almost 2，000 years old.The remaining streets and buildings offer a window into a fascinating period in our history.However，we are only beginning to overcome the challenges of pressure⑤，darkness and extreme cold at vast depths.Fragments⑥ of the past lying deep beneath the oceans are still waiting to be discovered.
Given是介词，表示“考虑到，鉴于”，引导原因状语，相当于 in view of、considering（分词介词），其后接名词（包括名词从句）或 that 从句。
it为形式主语，真正的主语是that从句。
过去分词短语作状语。
现在分词短语作后置定语。
Amazing biological discoveries are also being made.The dark zones of the oceans may contain up to⑦ 90 per cent of the planet’s fish.In these waters，more than⑧ 200 metres deep，where light cannot reach，are extraordinary creatures that appear as if they are straight out of science fiction.Imagine bone-white coral⑨ 6，000 metres below the ocean’s surface，growing at the rate of only one or two millimetres⑩ per year.Some of these could be 4，000 years old. Swimming through these black depths is the barreleye ，a strange fish with eyes that can look upwards through its transparent forehead.
In the very deepest ocean trenches that are more than 8，000 metres below the surface，the pressure is equivalent to 50 aeroplanes stacked one on top of another.Yet there is still life to be found，even around the deep-sea volcanic openings.These discoveries all help us understand the capacity for life on our planet，even in the most extreme circumstances.
完全倒装结构，Swimming through these black depths为现在分词作表语，位于句首，表示强调。
过去分词短语作后置定语。
Furthermore ，the oceans are a valuable source of natural resources，some of which are completely new to us.Most notable of these is China’s discovery of an ice-like substance ，known as “fire ice”，under the South China Sea.In addition ，China’s underwater vessels ，such as the Jiaolong and Shenhai Yongshi，have been exploring waters at depths of thousands of metres.The Jiaolong even holds the record for the deepest dive by a manned submarine，at 7，062 metres，giving China its place alongside the world’s top ocean explorers.The research conducted by these vessels is giving scientists a greater understanding of how the sea bed was formed，as well as helping identify areas for deep-sea drilling ，taking deep-sea exploration into a whole new era.
Being a tough environment of complete darkness，enormous pressure and intense cold，the ocean depths have long been beyond the reach of human exploration.However，through closer international scientific，economic and cultural cooperation ，we are all becoming part of a global mission to open up our planet’s final frontier.Humankind is entering a new age of oceanic discovery，and the world beneath the waves may one day be almost as familiar to us as the land we walk upon today.
现在分词短语置于句首，表示the ocean depths的状态。
动词不定式短语作后置定语
◆难词注解
①shipwreck n.失事的船；沉船
②represent v.代表；象征；维护……的利益；相当于；描绘；正式提出※represent to向……指出
※representative n.代表，代理人
③exploration n.探测；勘探；研究
④archaeological adj.考古学的；考古的
⑤pressure n.压力；气压；催促
※press vt.压；按；逼迫n.新闻报道；出版社
※press sb.to do/for sth.催促/逼迫某人做某事
⑥fragment n.碎片；片段
⑦up to达到……程度或数量；取决于
⑧more than不只是；多于；超过
⑨coral n.珊瑚
⑩millimetre n.毫米
barreleye n.管眼鱼
upwards adv.向上，朝上
trench n.海沟
equivalent adj.等同的；等值的；相当的
stack v.（使）整齐地堆起；摞起
furthermore adv.此外；而且；不仅如此
valuable adj.贵重的，宝贵的；有价值的
※value n.价值；意义；重要性 vt.重视；尊重；给……估价
※of no value没有价值的
※value at估（某物的）价为
notable adj.显要的；显著的；值得注意的
substance n.物质
in addition另外；除此之外；并且；况且
※in addition to除……之外
vessel n.船；舰
drilling n.钻探；勘探
cooperation n.合作；协助；配合
oceanic adj.海洋的；大海的
※ocean n.洋；海洋；大海
Ⅱ.文本理解
文章架构
exploration
ruins
biological
Discovery
Humankind
细节探究
1.What can we infer from the first paragraph？ （　　）
A.Esmeralda was the earliest wreck from the age of the European exploration.
B.Our planet has been completely explored by us.
C.We have more detailed maps of Earth’s sea bed than we do of the Moon.
D.Our exploration of the ocean is not perfect.
2.Where are many archaeological finds usually made？ （　　）
A.In shallow waters near the coast.
B.Off the coast of Tunisia.
C.Deep beneath the oceans.
D.On the sea bed.
3.How many years can certain coral species survive below the sea？ （　　）
A.6，000. B.400.
C.4，000. D.8，000.
4.Which vessel can dive at 7，062 metres below the sea？ （　　）
A.Esmeralda. B.Jiaolong.
C.Shenhai Yongshi. D.Fire ice.
5.What is the author’s attitude towards ocean discovery？ （　　）
A.Positive. B.Negative.
C.Unconcerned. D.Worried.
答案：1~5 DACBA
课文语法填空
Lying under waters across the globe are an estimated three million shipwrecks，all of which represent 1. （attempt） over the centuries to explore Earth’s furthest corners.Given our 2. （limit） knowledge，it is no surprise 3. exploration of the oceans continues 4. （lead） to discoveries in various scientific fields.Many archaeological finds 5. .（make） in shallow waters near the coast.Besides，biological discoveries are also being made.Furthermore，the oceans are a 6. （value）
attempts
limited
that
are made
to lead
valuable
source of natural resources，some of which are completely new to us.However，7. （be） a tough environment of complete darkness，enormous pressure and intense cold，8. ocean depths have long been 9. the reach of human exploration.But through closer international scientific，economic and cultural cooperation，we 10. （become） part of a global mission to open up our planet’s final frontier.
being
the
beyond
are becoming
Ⅲ.教材熟词生义/一词多义
1. retreat
①When he’s done something wrong，he retreats to his bedroom. .
②He spent three months hiding himself away in his country retreat. .
2.shrink
①When she was younger she would shrink （away） from me whenever I spoke to her. .
②The productivity improvements have shrunk our costs by 25 percent. .
躲避
隐居处
畏缩
减少
Ⅳ.教材续写积累
环境描写
Being a tough environment of complete darkness，enormous pressure and intense cold，the ocean depths have long been beyond the reach of human exploration.
[仿写]完成句子
①黑暗的夜晚，空气寒冷，还有点潮湿，路灯发出微弱的光。
The dark night air was ，and the street lamp gave little light.
②那是一个漆黑的夜晚。厚重、阴沉、灰蒙蒙的云遮住了天空，我走出门廊，没有星光和月光迎接我。
It was . had made sure that there was no starlight or moonlight to greet me as I walked out of my porch.
cold and a little wet
a dark night
Thick，dark，gray clouds
互动探究·精研核心知识
1 check out 调查，检查；结账离开
So while you may be tempted to check out a strange object or to test the waters of a new situation，it can be safer to steer clear of the unfamiliar.
所以，当你可能会忍不住去调查一个奇怪的物体或一片新的水域时，避开不熟悉的东西可能会更安全。
[要点突破]
[写作佳句]
（2024·新课标 Ⅱ 卷）Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights？
为什么不尝试选择别的地区，或者查看一下热门目的地不太为人所知的景点呢？
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①Once you’ve checked the items you ordered，put this record in your file.
②Don’t forget to check online and print your boarding pass in advance.
③他们收拾好东西，办理了退房手续。
They packed and .
off
in
checked out of the hotel
2 set out 动身踏上（漫长的）旅途；出发；开始
In more recent times，Norwegian explorer，Roald Amundsen endured one of the most hostile environments on Earth when he set out into uncharted territory to reach the South Pole—a region of the planet ripe for exploration.
在近代，挪威探险家罗阿尔德·阿蒙森在出发探索未知领域时，经历了地球上最恶劣的环境之一，最终到达南级——地球上亟待探索的地带。
[要点突破]
[写作佳句]
When setting out on a long walk，always wear suitable shoes.
每次出发远行，都要穿合适的鞋子。
[学以致用]
单句填空/同义替换
①The country announced a clear-cut policy and set out （carry） it through.
②A working party has been set to look into the problem.
③After the earthquake，the people set about rebuilding their homes.
→After the earthquake，the people their homes.
to carry
up
set out to rebuild
3 look into调查（问题）；向……里面看
While there is no need for us to shrink from new situations，we should always look into things first and consider our options.
虽然我们没有必要在新情况面前退缩，但我们还是应该首先进行考察，斟酌我们的选择。
[要点突破]
look through浏览；快速查看
look back （on） 回忆；回顾
look around环视；环顾
look down on/upon轻视；瞧不起
look forward to盼望；期待
look out for关照；当心；提防
look up查阅；抬头往上看
look up to尊敬；钦佩；仰慕
[写作佳句]
（2024·北京卷）I felt like I had a chance，so I said，“A big role.” They said they’d look into it.
我感觉自己有机会，所以我说：“（我想演）一个主要角色。”他们说他们会考虑。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①When you have finished your list，look it again.
②He was always taught to look up older people.
③我确实期待尽快收到你的答复。
I as soon as possible.（强调谓语）
through
to
do look forward to receiving your reply
4 drilling n.钻探；勘探
The research conducted by these vessels is giving scientists a greater understanding of how the sea bed was formed，as well as helping identify areas for deep-sea drilling，taking deep-sea exploration into a whole new era.
这些潜水器所完成的研究有助于科学家进一步了解海床的形成过程，帮助确定深海钻探区域，将深海勘探带入一个全新的时代。
[要点突破]
①drill n.钻；训练；演习v.钻孔；训练；操练
②drill sth.into sb.向某人反复灌输某事
③drill for oil 钻探石油
[写作佳句]
We watched the soldiers drilling on the parade ground.
我们观看士兵们在阅兵场上训练。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①He accidentally （drill） into a water pipe yesterday.
②It was drilled us at an early age never to drop litter.
③他们准备在附近钻探石油。
They nearby.
drilled
into
are going to drill for oil
given引导的介词短语作状语
Given our limited knowledge，it is perhaps no surprise that exploration of the oceans continues to lead to discoveries in various scientific fields.
鉴于我们有限的认知，海洋探索在诸多科学领域不断取得（新）发现也许就显得不足为奇了。
[情境探究]
①Given his age，he’s a remarkably fast runner.
就他这个年龄，他跑得可真是异常地快。
②Given how hard the test was，I’m not surprised she failed.
考虑到考试那么难，她没有通过我并不感到意外。
③Given （the fact） that the weather was bad，we decided to cancel the trip.
鉴于天气如此糟糕，我们决定取消这次旅行。
④Given that （=Assuming that） conflict is inevitable，we need to learn how to manage it.
如果冲突是不可避免的，那么我们就要学会如何处理冲突。
[要点突破]
①given可用作介词，引导原因状语，意思为“考虑到；鉴于”，相当于in view of、considering（分词介词），其后接名词（包括名词从句）或that从句。
②given也可以表示假设，相当于assuming。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子/一句多译
①Given he’s had six months to do this task，he hasn’t made much progress.
②考虑到她喜爱孩子，教书似乎是很适合她的工作。
，teaching seems the right job for her.
that
Given her love for children
③考虑到她只来过这里一次，能找到这儿的路让我很佩服。
→I was impressed that she found the way here， .
once before.
→I was impressed that she found the way here， .
once before.
given that she’d only given that she’d only been here
considering that she’d only been here

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