2026年中考英语语法专项:复合句强化练习与详解(学案)

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2026年中考英语语法专项:复合句强化练习与详解(学案)

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2026年中考英语语法专项:复合句强化练习与详解
序言
本专题涵盖并列句、状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句四大核心考点,精选 2025 年全国各省市中考真题、改编新题,按考点分层、难度标注(★基础、★★提升、★★★拓展),附详细答案与解析,贴合中考命题规律,适合二轮语法专题复习使用。
一、考点总览(核心必背)
(一)并列句(连接并列成分 / 句子,表并列、转折、选择、因果)
并列连词:and(和 / 并且)、but(但是)、or(否则 / 或者)、so(因此)、for(因为)、while(然而)
结构:简单句 + 并列连词 + 简单句
例:I like reading, and my sister likes drawing.
(二)状语从句(修饰动词 / 形容词 / 副词,表时间、条件、原因、让步、目的、结果等)
时间状语从句:when(当… 时)、while(当… 时 / 然而)、as soon as(一… 就)、since(自从)、until(直到)
条件状语从句:if(如果)、unless(除非 = if not)、as long as(只要)——主将从现
原因状语从句:because(因为)、since(既然)、as(由于)
让步状语从句:though/although(虽然,不与 but 连用)、even if/though(即使)
目的状语从句:so that(以便)、in order that(为了)
结果状语从句:so…that…(如此… 以至于)、such…that…(如此… 以至于)
(三)宾语从句(作及物动词 / 介词的宾语,三大考点:引导词、语序、时态)
引导词:that(陈述句,可省)、if/whether(一般疑问句,表 “是否”)、特殊疑问词(what/who/where 等,特殊疑问句)
语序:必须用陈述语序(主语 + 谓语,排除疑问语序)
时态:主现从不限、主过从必过、客观真理永一现
(四)定语从句(修饰名词 / 代词,先行词 + 关系词 + 从句)
关系代词:who(指人,主 / 宾)、whom(指人,宾)、which(指物,主 / 宾)、that(指人 / 物,主 / 宾)、whose(… 的,人 / 物)
关系副词:when(时间)、where(地点)、why(原因)
关键:先行词是人→who/whom/that;先行词是物→which/that;作定语用 whose
分层巩固训练
(★基础必做、★★提升必练、★★★拓展冲刺)
第一部分:并列句专项(★基础)
题型:单项选择(2025 中考真题 / 改编)
(2025 广东)Study hard, ______ you will pass the exam.
A. or B. but C. and D. so
(2025 山东)Hurry up, ______ we will miss the early bus.
A. and B. or C. but D. for
(2025 江苏)I tried my best, ______ I still failed the test.
A. so B. and C. but D. or
(2025 浙江)It was raining heavily, ______ we had to stay at home.
A. but B. or C. so D. and
(2025 四川)He likes music, ______ his brother likes sports.
A. while B. so C. or D. for
第二部分:状语从句专项(★★提升)
题型:单项选择(2025 全国中考真题精选)
(2025 北京)I will call you ______ I arrive in Shanghai.
A. as soon as B. since C. though D. because
(2025 上海)You won’t improve your English ______ you practice more.
A. if B. unless C. when D. since
(2025 广州)______ it is raining, we still go to school on time.
A. Because B. If C. Although D. Since
(2025 深圳)She got up early ______ she could catch the first train.
A. so that B. such that C. in order D. because
(2025 杭州)The movie was ______ interesting ______ I watched it twice.
A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to
(2025 武汉)I have lived here ______ I was five years old.
A. when B. since C. for D. until
(2025 成都)Don’t open the door ______ the bus stops.
A. if B. because C. until D. though
(2025 西安)______ you work hard, you will achieve your dream.
A. As long as B. As soon as C. Even if D. So that
(2025 重庆)He didn’t go to school yesterday ______ he was ill.
A. so B. because C. though D. if
(2025 天津)______ he is young, he knows a lot about history.
A. Because B. If C. Though D. So
第三部分:宾语从句专项(★★提升)
题型:单项选择(2025 中考真题 + 改编新题)
(2025 福建)Could you tell me ______
A. where does he live B. where he lives C. where did he live D. where he lived
(2025 湖南)I wonder ______ you will come to my birthday party.
A. that B. what C. if D. which
(2025 江西)The teacher asked us ______.
A. what did we do B. what we do C. what we did D. what do we do
(2025 安徽)I don’t know ______ he will come tomorrow.
A. that B. whether C. where D. which
(2025 河北)Could you tell me ______ the nearest hospital is
A. what B. how C. where D. who
(2025 辽宁)He said ______ he would visit his grandparents next week.
A. that B. if C. what D. when
(2025 吉林)I want to know ______ you talked with just now.
A. who B. whom C. which D. whose
(2025 黑龙江)The radio says ______ the sun rises in the east.
A. that B. if C. whether D. what
(2025 内蒙古)She asked me ______ I had finished my homework.
A. that B. what C. if D. which
(2025 广西)Do you know ______ invented the telephone
A. who B. whom C. which D. whose
第四部分:定语从句专项(★★★拓展)
题型:单项选择(2025 中考压轴真题 + 优质新题)
(2025 江苏)The girl ______ is wearing a red dress is my sister.
A. which B. who C. whom D. whose
(2025 浙江)This is the book ______ I bought yesterday.
A. who B. whom C. which D. whose
(2025 广东)The man ______ you met just now is my English teacher.
A. which B. who C. whose D. where
(2025 山东)I like the music ______ I can dance to.
A. who B. whom C. that D. whose
(2025 北京)This is the factory ______ my father works.
A. which B. that C. where D. who
(2025 上海)The boy ______ father is a doctor is my deskmate.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
(2025 四川)I still remember the day ______ I first came to this school.
A. when B. where C. which D. that
(2025 湖北)The reason ______ he didn’t come to school is that he was ill.
A. why B. which C. that D. who
(2025 陕西)All ______ you need to do is to study hard.
A. which B. that C. who D. whom
(2025 甘肃)The house ______ we live in is very old.
A. where B. which C. who D. whose
第五部分:综合填空(★★★拓展,根据2025 中考真题改编)
用适当的连接词(并列连词 / 状语从句引导词 / 宾语从句引导词 / 定语从句关系词)填空
Work hard, ______ you will fall behind others.
I won’t go to the park ______ it rains tomorrow.
He told me ______ he had finished his work.
The movie ______ we saw last night was very exciting.
She was late for school ______ she missed the early bus.
I don’t know ______ he will come or not.
This is the city ______ I was born.
______ you study hard, you won’t get good grades.
He is the boy ______ helped me with my English.
The book is ______ interesting that I want to read it again.
三、参考答案及详细解析
第一部分:并列句专项(★基础)
答案:C
解析:考查并列连词 and 表顺承。句意:努力学习,你就会通过考试。or(否则)、but(但是)、so(因此)不符合语境。
答案:B
解析:考查 or 表 “否则”。句意:快点,否则我们会错过早班车。
答案:C
解析:考查 but 表转折。句意:我尽了最大努力,但还是考试不及格。
答案:C
解析:考查 so 表因果。句意:雨下得很大,所以我们不得不待在家里。
答案:A
解析:考查 while 表对比。句意:他喜欢音乐,然而他弟弟喜欢运动。
第二部分:状语从句专项(★★提升)
答案:A
解析:考查时间状语从句 as soon as(一… 就)。句意:我一到上海就给你打电话。
答案:B
解析:考查条件状语从句 unless(除非 = if not)。句意:除非你多练习,否则你的英语不会提高。
答案:C
解析:考查让步状语从句 although(虽然),不与 but 连用。句意:虽然在下雨,我们还是按时上学。
答案:A
解析:考查目的状语从句 so that(以便),后接句子。in order 后接 to do,such that 结构错误。
答案:A
解析:考查结果状语从句 so…that…(so + 形容词 / 副词);such…that…(such+a/an + 形容词 + 名词)。interesting 是形容词,故选 A。
答案:B
解析:考查时间状语从句 since(自从),主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。
答案:C
解析:考查时间状语从句 not…until…(直到… 才)。句意:直到公交车停下,再开门。
答案:A
解析:考查条件状语从句 as long as(只要)。句意:只要你努力,就会实现梦想。
答案:B
解析:考查原因状语从句 because(因为)。句意:他昨天没上学,因为他生病了。
答案:C
解析:考查让步状语从句 though(虽然)。句意:虽然他年轻,但他懂很多历史知识。
第三部分:宾语从句专项(★★提升)
答案:B
解析:考查宾语从句陈述语序 + 时态。主句 could 表委婉请求(一般现在时),从句用一般现在时,排除 A、C(疑问语序)、D(时态错误)。
答案:C
解析:考查引导词 if(是否)。句意:我想知道你是否会来我的生日派对。that 无词义,what/which 不符合语境。
答案:C
解析:考查宾语从句陈述语序 + 主过从必过。主句 asked 是过去时,从句用一般过去时,排除 A、D(疑问语序)、B(时态错误)。
答案:B
解析:考查 whether(是否),可与 or not 连用,if 也可表 “是否”,但此处符合语境。
答案:C
解析:考查引导词 where(哪里),询问地点。句意:你能告诉我最近的医院在哪里吗?
答案:A
解析:考查引导词 that,引导陈述句宾语从句,可省略。
答案:B
解析:考查引导词 whom(宾格,指人),作 talked with 的宾语。
答案:A
解析:考查客观真理永一现。太阳从东方升起是客观真理,从句用一般现在时,用 that 引导。
答案:C
解析:考查 if(是否),引导一般疑问句宾语从句。
答案:A
解析:考查引导词 who(主格,指人),作从句主语。句意:你知道谁发明了电话吗?
第四部分:定语从句专项(★★★拓展)
答案:B
解析:先行词 the girl 指人,在从句中作主语,用 who/that。which 指物,whom 作宾语,whose 表 “… 的”。
答案:C
解析:先行词 the book 指物,在从句中作宾语,用 which/that。
答案:B
解析:先行词 the man 指人,在从句中作 met 的宾语,用 who/whom/that。
答案:C
解析:先行词 the music 指物,在从句中作介词 to 的宾语,用 that/which。
答案:C
解析:先行词 the factory 表地点,从句 my father works(不及物动词,无宾语),用关系副词 where。
答案:C
解析:考查 whose(… 的),先行词 the boy,表 “他的爸爸”,作定语。
答案:A
解析:先行词 the day 表时间,从句 I first came…(完整句子),用关系副词 when。
答案:A
解析:先行词 the reason 表原因,用关系副词 why。
答案:B
解析:先行词 all(不定代词),指物,关系词只能用 that,不能用 which。
答案:B
解析:先行词 the house 指物,从句 we live in(in 后缺宾语),用 which/that;若从句无 in,用 where。
第五部分:综合填空(★★★拓展)
or 2. if 3. that 4. that/which 5. because 6. whether 7. where 8. Unless 9. who/that 10. so
四、备考小贴士
并列句:牢记连词含义,区分顺承、转折、选择、因果逻辑。
状语从句:重点掌握主将从现(if/unless/as soon as)、though 不与 but 连用、so…that 与 such…that 区别。
宾语从句:三大核心 ——陈述语序、时态呼应、引导词选择,客观真理永远用一般现在时。
定语从句:先找先行词(人 / 物 / 时间 / 地点),再看从句成分(主 / 宾 / 定语),选对关系词。
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