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上海市上海中学 2025-2026 学年高二下学期 3 月阶段练习
英语试卷
Section A Short Conversations
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two
speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what
was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After
you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. 4:20. B. 4:22. C. 4:25. D. 4:27.
2. A. He thought other science courses would be harder.
B. It's a required class for all students.
C. He's studied chemistry before.
D. It was the only science course open to him.
3. A. He's never been to the zoo.
B. He's seen only one bear.
C. He's never seen a bear in the wild.
D. There weren't any bears at that zoo.
4. A. When she will answer the questions.
B. Where she drove.
C. What kind of car she has.
D. Why she asked so many questions.
5. A. He thinks it will be better than the old one.
B. He's anxious for it to be completed.
C. He's worried that it's not long enough.
D. He feels that it shouldn't have been built.
6. A. Where he's studying.
B. What subject he's studying.
C. How long he's been in Europe.
D. When he's returning.
7. A. She has always been popular.
B. She was surprised by the party.
C. She was popular with only children.
D. She had a surprise party.
8. A. 3 dollars. B. 8 dollars. C. 2 dollars. D. 7 dollars.
9. A. 4.5 hours. B. 5 hours. C. 5.5 hours. D. 6 hours.
10. A. In the bookstore. B. In the library. C. In the supermarket. D. In a second-hand bookshop.
Section B Passages And Longer Conversation
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The
passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be
spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have
heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. Excited. B. Pleased. C. Interested. D. Surprised.
12. A. A teacher.
B. A newspaper reporter.
C. Not known from the story.
D. The conductor's friend from his company.
13. A. The gentleman. B. The conductor. C. The middle-aged man. D. The newspaper reporter.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. The immigrant workers are those who .
A. grow fruit and vegetables.
B. have to move about for a job.
C. travel from state to state.
D. work on a farm in California.
15. A. Eight. B. Nine. C. Seven. D. Six.
16. A. It's owned by the farm owner.
B. It sells better goods.
C. It serves the rich only.
D. The shop is far from town.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. They are teacher and student. B. They are good friends.
C. They are colleagues. D. They are sister and brother.
18. A. Grade Nine. B. Grade Ten. C. Grade Eleven. D. Grade Twelve.
19. A. They'll have six classes together.
B. They'll go to Band together.
C. They'll visit their professor together.
D. They'll go to lunch together.
20. A. About the European history.
B. About the new teacher's teaching style.
C. About the class schedule in the mail.
D. About the famous people in the singing group.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A: Multiple choices
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices
marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.
1 ．What lies behind us and what lies before us of little significance compared to what lies within us.
A ．has been B ．is C ．are D ．were
2 ．Nestled amidst the rolling hills of Tuscany a secret escape from the rush of modern life, an ancient fortress history whispers through the walls: the Castle of Montalto.
A ．lies; where B ．is laid; when C ．are lying; where D ．lay; that
3 ．— I’ve noticed that the sixth and last page of the report missing.
— either Peter or his assistants responsible for the oversight
A ．are; Is B ．has been; Are C ．was; Are D ．is; Is
4 ．In the recent national Stress in America survey, the common source of stress involves money,
with 69% of participants financial problems as the primary source of their anxiety, while 65% and 56% to work and relationship issues respectively.
A ．citing; point B ．cite; pointing C ．citing; points D ．to cite; point
5 ．Wealth may attract attention, and status may command respect, but neither guarantees true dignity. It is manners, not one’s social status or wealth, that the man.
A ．made B ．makes C ．make D ．are made of
6 ．If Johnson on the promises that got him elected in the first place, large amounts of funding required to implement the sweeping reforms across various sectors.
A ．is going to deliver; are B ．were to deliver; will be C ．delivers; is
D ．is to deliver; are
7 ．The United Nations that not only the warring parties but also the entire international community committed to the peace process.
A．proposes; be B．proposes; is C．propose; are D．have proposed; must be
8 ．The growth of flexible and remote working patterns, and of on-the-job training and retraining schemes offered by companies, women to take advantage of greater job opportunities.
A ．allow B ．allows C ．allowing D ．have allowed
9 ．More than any other time in history, man . One path leads to despair and utter
hopelessness, the other, to total extinction. Let us pray we have the wisdom to choose correctly.
A ．face a crossroad B ．face a crossroads C ．faces a crossroads D ．faces crossroads
10．So far, the country has successfully sent up three unmanned into low-earth orbit, the most recent at the end of last March.
A ．spacecrafts; has been launched B ．spacecraft; launched
C ．spacecrafts; having been launched D ．spacecraft; was launched
11．I thought to myself as I read through it, and realized, then, that really every literary , whatever its language and themes, ________ always in one way or another, via the philosophical and physical connections between language and reality, about translation.
A ．works; are B ．work; being C ．works; to be D ．work; is
12 ．As part of the cost-cutting measures, more than one employee in this company
lately. For the remaining staff, they each to take a pay cut to avoid possible dismissal.
A ．has laid off; have been asked B ．have been laid off; asked
C ．was laid off; was asked D ．has been laid off; have been asked
13 ．Which of the following sentences is CORRECT
A ．Riches do not always bring happiness, which is a universal truth many fail to realize.
B ．Among the birthday gifts Jack has received is a Switch, a watch and a pair of sneakers.
C ．Of the 20 committee members, 12 were against it, the remainder of which was undecided.
D ．It is you, not I, who am too addicted to games and can’t put down the cellphone for a minute. 14．—I heard all but the best man at the church on time. He got stuck in the traffic jam.
— But he made it just before the vows. Anyway, all well that ends well!
A ．were; is B ．were; was C ．is; is D ．was; are
15 ．Attention please! Everybody who has signed up for the course at the classroom before eight next Monday morning.
A ．arrives B ．arrive C ．arriving D ．to arrive
16 ．As Henry Adams put it, the problem that most likely in the educational system is that nothing in education is so shocking the amount of ignorance it accumulates in the form of outdated facts.
A ．exists; that B ．to exist; as C ．to exist; as to D ．exists; as
17．All the drawers were with letters and papers — love letters mixed with unpaid bills and old newspaper clippings, suggesting a mind either deeply sentimental or hopelessly
disorganized.
A ．enclosed B ．bothered C ．stuffed D ．coped
18 ．Even a happy life cannot be without a measure of darkness, and the word ‘happy’ would lose its meaning if it were not by sadness.
A ．balanced B ．perceived C ．granted D ．handled
19 ．Both sides were that the agreement should be signed as quickly as possible, hoping it would bring stability to the region.
A ．panicky B ．guilty C ．anxious D ．stressful
20 ．Driven by urban expansion, the countryside is being up by new developments.
A ．ended B ．swallowed C ．brought D ．loaded
Section B: Productive Grammar
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The Age of Envy
One night about five years ago, just before bed, I saw a tweet from a friend announcing that he was extremely delighted to have been awarded a journalism prize. I felt my head spin and my teeth hurt 21 (填两个词) I had been punched in the face. I didn’t sleep well that night.
Admittedly, we live in the age of envy. Career envy, children envy, holiday envy. You
name it. Human beings have always felt 22 Aristotle defined in the fourth century BC as pain at the sight of another’s good fortune. But with the arrival of social media, envy 23 (take) to extremes day by day. We are constantly exposed to others’ photoshopped lives on social media
platforms, and that exerts a negative influence on us, the likes of 24 we have never experienced in the history of our species. And it is not particularly pleasant.
“Our use of platforms including Facebook, Twitter and Instagram enlarges this deeply disturbing psychological problem,” says Rachel Andrew, a clinical psychologist, “I think what social media has done is to make everyone accessible 25 comparison,” she explains.
And those comparisons are now much 26 (realistic). Andrew continues: “We all know that images can be filtered, and that people are just presenting the very best side of their lives.”
She has also observed among her patients that knowing they are looking at 27 (edit) versions of reality is no defense against the emotional force of envy. “What I notice is that most ofus can intellectualize what we see on social media platforms, 28 on an emotional level, it’s still
pushing buttons. If those images tap into what we aspire to but don’t have, then it becomes very powerful.”
No man and no woman 29 (be) immune to envy, according to Andrew, whether it’s a young lady following certain accounts to find makeup techniques or an old businessman looking for strategies on social media sites. Perhaps in part it is because we don’t know how to answer the question: “What would be good enough ” That is something that needs 30 (study).
Section C: Vocabulary
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be
used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. substantial B. accompanying C. labelled D. fever E. identifiable AB. recognition AC. carving AD. quantifying AE. perceived BC. intense BD. stressed
The problem with prize culture
It seems that every kid today deserves a trophy (奖杯) and is meant to be a champion for
something. They are first divided by age, then by previous achievement, and often by the type of performance. Smaller categories create more opportunities for prizes — what I call “the 31 up of honor”.
Two trends have led to this. First, the desire to prevent public competition in school
classrooms was part of the self-esteem movement that started in the 1960s. But the movement
didn’t really reach activities outside of the classroom, and private organizations rushed to fill the gap created by schools. With the 32 decline of competition in the classroom, parents
wanted more competitive opportunities for their children and were willing to pay for it.
Second, American culture has come to embrace prizes and awards. The winner-take-all
prize ___33___ that characterizes American culture started in the early 20th century, captured by the development of organized American sporting culture. In the second half of the 20th century, the entire society increasingly 34 competition, and rankings in general. The 1970s was the most 35 period of prize creation, including the addition of even more prizes to fields like film and literature. Since that decade, prizes have become even more fashionable, along with
children’s competitive activities.
Moreover, from the moment a child is brought into the world, he or she is 36 with a number. At birth this is the Apgar score, a score from zero to ten that a doctor uses to rate the
health of a newborn baby. As a child enters school, the 37 number becomes a standardized test score, either an OLSAT or an SAT score. That this is now happening in afterschool activities is a sign of the endless 38 in contemporary American childhood.
While awards may help people set goals and practice diligently, they are also a business practice. Awards help ensure clients return year after year. Keeping kids, parents, teachers and coaches happy with lots of 39 keeps the money flowing to the organizers of the
competitions.
But psychological research finds that giving kids rewards for doing an activity means lower levels of internal motivation. High levels of internal motivation is precisely what we want to foster among kids to help them attain long-term success. But the thirst for honor and the trophy culture
40 it has clearly gone too far.
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A: Cloze
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or
phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
In praise of anxiety
Nobody likes to feel anxious. An entire industry has sprung up to aid us in eliminating it, from self-help books to cognitive behavioral therapy. Yet with rates of anxiety disorders rising sharply worldwide, it seems that our efforts to anxiety aren’t working.
But feeling anxious isn’t the problem. The problem is that we don’t understand how to
respond to anxiety. This “bad” feeling isn’t a failure of mental health. It’s a victory of
human , a response emerging with our ability to cope with the uncertain future. It was
Charles Darwin who saw that emotions like anxiety offers a profound evolutionary
advantage. Fear, , signals that you may be in danger — from a predator or a bully — and readies your body and mind to fight or take flight.
Anxiety, by contrast, has nothing to do with threats. , it turns you into a
mental time traveler, drawing your attention to what lies ahead. Will you succeed or fail in a big
job interview Anxiety prompts your mind and body into . Your worries force you to
prepare thoroughly for the interview, while your heart races and pumps blood to your brain so that you stay sharp, prepared to pursue your goals.
Over the years, research has also shown higher levels of dopamine when we’re anxious. We have long known dopamine increases when an experience is pleasurable and also in anticipation of
.
_______
The fact that anxiety also boosts dopamine levels points to its role in making positive possibilities into reality.
Sadly, many of us feel overwhelmed by lasting anxiety and don’t see any from it. We have come to believe that the best way to cope is to get rid of it. But treating anxiety as a
disease prevents us from telling ordinary anxiety from anxiety disorders, and creates huge costs when it comes to using anxiety to our benefit.
Here’s the difference between anxiety and an anxiety disorder: a disorder is only diagnosed when our ways of coping with anxiety disturb our ability to function normally in life. These
problematic ways usually involve , like never leaving a house because we fear a
negative evaluation, or taking drugs to dull our emotional pain. They also involve the belief that we can’t cope with anxiety. Countless research shows when we instead are curious about our
negative emotions, and learn to name them and them, they become more manageable.
Therefore, we need to develop a new mindset about this misunderstood emotion. Reframing anxiety as a(n) and a valued part of being human isn’t easy. It takes practice and it
doesn’t mean anxiety becomes enjoyable. Anxiety can’t do its job unless it makes us , forcing us to sit up and pay attention. We don’t need to like anxiety —just to use it in the right way.
41 ．A ．contain B ．understand C ．express D ．appreciate
42 ．A ．rapidly B ．naturally C ．constructively D ．cautiously
43 ．A ．behavior B ．experience C ．intelligence D ．evolution
44 ．A ．strong B ．unpleasant C ．conflicting D ．real
45 ．A ．in general B ．on the other hand C ．for example D ．in other words
46 ．A ．immediate B ．deadly C ．potential D ．tremendous
47 ．A ．Consequently B ．However C ．Moreover D ．Rather
48 ．A ．reality B ．decision C ．wonder D ．action
49 ．A ．requirements B ．changes C ．rewards D ．threats
50 ．A ．solution B ．benefit C ．difference D ．lesson
51 ．A ．opportunity B ．labor C ．unexpected D ．extra
52 ．A ．panic B ．avoidance C ．addiction D ．absence
53 ．A ．make sense of B ．do away with C ．take refuge in D ．make up for
54 ．A ．cure B ．praise C ．edge D ．emotion
55 ．A ．fascinated B ．patient C ．calm D ．uncomfortable
Section B: Reading comprehension
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by
several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
For as long as I can remember, I’ve been extremely conscious of myself — how others
perceive and judge me. If you’ve ever taken a psychology class, the term “spotlight effect” may ring a bell. I lived under the imagined spotlight for years, constantly worried about my perceived intellect and looks.
If I made a wrong comment in class, I would think about the moment for days. A single
spot on my face would make me want to lock myself home and never face humanity again.
Growing up with social media increased the pressure to be perfect. I’ve spent embarrassing
amounts of screen time on Instagram, zooming into each of my posts to see ifI looked cool, fun or pretty enough.
My anxious thoughts took over my life. As I entered college, countless times I passed by an ad detailing an exciting event or job. However, I would grab these flyers only to let them gather
dust. The lack of initiative was not due to laziness but fear of scrutiny. Without a familiar face,
club meetings felt like an opportunity ripe for embarrassment. I knew I’d be placing myself among strangers, directly under their gaze.
I came to realize the extent to which my unfounded fear of judgment burdened me. If I’m reluctant to try new things, how can I experience my surroundings to their fullest The spotlight effect is also a narrowing effect, limiting the vision you have of your possibilities because of
social pressures.
A close friend once told me how he stepped out — he simply decided not to care about
what others thought of him. His decision to live for himself confused me. I couldn’t imagine a
world where I wasn’t constantly changing myself to meet others’ expectations or tirelessly trying to satisfy someone else in every relationship.
But eventually I took his advice — I vowed to live in a carefree way without fear of others’
attention. I allowed myself to work out at the gym during peak time, go to professors’ office hours and joined new clubs. Rest assured, I still fought with social pressures, asking myself, “What if
they notice when I mix up my words while talking ” To all those who may sympathize with that thought, I’ll ask you this: when have you ever torn someone to pieces over a simple pronunciation mistake So I adopted a new motto for myself— no one truly cares.
And the world didn’t explode and I’ve never once regretted being outside my comfort zone. I found myself applying for internships, making new friends and feeling less restrained by the
self-imposed boundaries and more appreciative for my potential and abilities.
I still hesitate before speaking up, have to give myself a pep talk before a group
conversation. Changing your mindset and habits is probably one of the hardest cycles to break.
But as the new year begins, I promise you all that it is never that deep. Just remember: .
56 ．According to the passage, the term “spotlight effect” can be best defined as .
A ．the tendency to judge others based on their intelligence and appearance
B ．the pressure to present a perfect self-image to capture public attention
C ．the limitation to one’s potential and abilities caused by fear of judgment
D ．the feeling that one is constantly being noticed and evaluated by others
57 ．The highlighted word “scrutiny” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to .
A ．sharp criticism B ．great uncertainty C ．careful examination D ．deep shame
58 ．What can we learn about the author from the passage
A ．She used to prioritize others’ needs and expectations in her relationships.
B ．She believed that social media was the major cause of her social anxiety.
C ．She has successfully overcome her anxiety caused by social pressures.
D ．She thought she should have stepped outside her comfort zone earlier.
59 ．What piece of advice is the author most likely to offer to readers at the end of the passage A ．Seek friends’ help when you suffer from self-doubt.
B ．Stop being too self-conscious and live for yourself.
C ．Be brave to tap your potential and try new things.
D ．Seize the day and make your life more meaningful.
(B)
Book
“Secrets are lies”; “Sharing is caring”; “Privacy is theft”. The Circle, the eponymous (同名的)
tech giant in Dave Eggers’ novel, is good at generating mottos. The company has collected the
personal data of millions of citizens and monetized it all so effectively that working there seems
like the ultimate dream for its young, ambitious staff. They put in long hours in front of multiple screens as endless messages and invitations stream past. After work they are expected to socialize on the company campus and post everything about that on social media, too. Some thrive under
the fast pace and constant self-exposure. Some are crushed. When the book first came out, some
of its criticism of the Internet age seemed broad brush. Now that reality has proved itself darker
than Eggers’ worst imaginings, this book instead feels like a neglected warning: forward-thinking, intelligent and exhausting.Film
Jeff Orlowski’s film The Social Dilemma shows us that tech burnout is not simply a sad
occasional victim of digital consumption or social media engagement. It’s inevitable. You feel
exhausted because you are the fuel intended to be used up: you are the log throwing itself on the
flames that warm the big tech corporations. Addiction is algorithmically baked into the way social media works; cunningly designed with all its little beeps and prompts to keep you browsing, liking and retweeting, longing for the next little dopamine hit of amusement, upset and uneasy if your
smartphone isn’t immediately to hand. You are all unknowingly enlisted into an army of consumers whose presence justifies these corporations’ ad spends.Television
There is nothing more affirming than Mackenzie Crook’s sitcom Detectorists. Andy and
Lance are not so much hiding from the imperatives (必要的事) of modern communication as
avoiding them altogether. They find meaning in day-to-day beauty: sitting in a field, and
occasionally, finding a trinket (小玩意) that’s the key to another world. By slowing down,
disengaging from the stressful digitally networked life and keeping one foot in the deep past, they manage to live in an eternal present, too.
60 ．What can we learn about the tech company in the novel The Circle
A ．It attracts young employees with its seemingly inspiring mottos
B ．All the employees working in it can’t fit into the company culture.
C ．It encourages staff to share the personal data of citizens on social media.
D ．It promotes long work hours while discouraging social interaction among staff.
61．According to the film The Social Dilemma, people find themselves unavoidably exhausted in a tech-soaked world primarily because .
A ．they are the target consumers providing the fuel for major tech companies
B ．they suffer from anxiety and discomfort if their smartphones are unavailable
C ．the way social media is designed and functions can easily get them addicted
D ．tech companies invest heavily in ad campaigns to attract them as customers
62 ．The above recommended book, film and TV sitcom all touch on the topic of .
A ．the tech burnout people experience in the information age
B ．the loss of privacy due to the popularity of social media
C ．the delicate work-life balance in a fast-paced world
D ．the modern-day addiction to digital consumption
(C)
Artists are often perceived by many people as weird. But the weirdest may be this: artists’ only job is to explore emotions, and yet they choose to focus on the ones that feel bad.
This isn’t always so. The earliest forms of art, like painting and music, are those best suited for expressing joy. But from the 19th century, more artists began seeing happiness as meaningless or fake, as we went from Wordsworth’s daffodils to Baudelaire’s flowers of evil.
You could argue that art became more doubtful about happiness because modern times
have seen so much misery. But it’s not as if earlier times didn’t know everlasting war, disaster and the killing of innocents. The reason, in fact, may be just the opposite: there is too much happiness in the world today.
After all, what is the one modern form of expression almost completely dedicated to
depicting happiness Advertising. The rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media, and with it, a commercial culture in which happiness is not just an ideal but an
ideology(意识形态).
People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery. They worked until
exhausted, lived with few protections and died young. In the West, before mass communication
and literacy, the most powerful mass medium was the church, which told worshippers that their
souls were in danger and that they would someday be meat for worms. Given all this, they did not exactly need their art to be a disappointment too.
Today the messages the average Westerner is surrounded with are not religious but
commercial and forever happy. Fast-food eaters, news anchors, text messengers, all smiling,
smiling. Our magazines feature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes. And
since these messages have an agenda—to lure us to open our wallets—they make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable.
But what we forget—what our economy depends on us forgetting—is that happiness is
more than pleasure without pain. The things that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment. Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need art to tell us as religion once did: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness
comes not in denying this but in living with it. It’s a message even more bitter than a cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air.
63 ．By citing the examples of poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire, the author intends to show that
A ．poetry is not as expressive of joy as other art forms
B ．art grows out of both positive and negative feelings
C ．today’s artists have changed their focus of interest
D ．the missions of artists may make them look weird 64 ．In the author’s opinion, advertising .
A ．starts to emerge with the rise of the anti-happy art
B ．is a cause of disappointment for the general public
C ．replaces the church as a major source of information
D ．creates an illusion of happiness, not happiness itself
65 ．We can learn from the last paragraph that the author believes that .
A ．happiness more often than not ends in sadness
B ．the anti-happy art is distasteful but refreshing
C ．misery should be enjoyed rather than denied
D ．happiness is closely linked with economic boom
66 ．What’s the main idea of the passage
A ．Art provides a balance between the ideal and reality.
B ．Modern art differs from earlier art in reflecting happiness.
C ．The art of unhappiness is greatly needed in modern times.
D ．Happiness still remains an illusion in modern times.
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two
more sentences than you need.
How charismatic are you
People often think of charisma (个人魅力) as a gift some have and others don’t. I’ve tried to dismiss that idea with a steady stream of research and advice showing charm is a skill you can develop.
Over the years, I’ve shared tips from everyone from FBI agents to actors on how to tune up your charisma and win over others. ____67____ A new study recently published in Leadership
Quarterly and written by its authors for the Harvard Business Review website changed that.
The researchers first rounded up a group of college students and asked them to fill out a
questionnaire to determine if they’re larks or night owls. Then 131 of these participants did a role play in which they pretended to speak at a graduation ceremony. 68
How did the timing of the speeches affect the students’ charisma When the researchers had
independent evaluators rate the charisma of the speakers, they found that larks gave more
inspirational speeches in the morning session and owls gave more inspirational speeches in the midnight session.
69 The researchers showed half-asleep listeners are far harder to charm —
surprising no one who has ever tried to deliver an early morning lecture to college kids. Or, as the authors put it, “The passionate speeches of leaders are less effective when followers are tired and just do not want to hear it.”
70 But what should you do if you and your followers’ biological clocks don’t
match If you’re half alive at 7 a.m. and they’re bright-eyed and bushy-tailed, whose state of mind should weigh heavier in the scheduling scales
“Typically, a good approach is to avoid extremely early or late times, likely settling for roughly the middle of the day,” suggest the authors, though they add that “the exact time of day you select, of course, should be driven by your context.”
A ．Translating the finding into real-life action is easy if you are an early bird leading early birds.
B ．To be more specific, charisma isn’t just about your talent and skills; it’s also about timing.
C．In a follow-up study, the team found that timing also plays a role in how listeners perceived the speeches.
D ．But there’s one factor that you can consciously use to boost your likability that I’ve never considered — time of day.
E ．The twist was that some of these speeches were given at the eye-wateringly early hour, and others at midnight.
F ．An experienced speaker surely knows how to work on his message and delivery to charm the sleepy audience.
IV. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
71 ．就我们的身心健康而言，再怎么强调睡眠的重要性也不为过。（stress） （汉译英）
72．意识到自己要独自应付如此繁重的工作量，她不禁感到忧心忡忡，心力交瘁。(not help)
(汉译英)
73．作为一种传统的锻炼方式，太极拳将深呼吸和慢动作融为一体，不仅能增强我们的力量和柔韧性，还能帮助我们达到一种放松的精神状态。（integrate）（汉译英）
1 ．C
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意： 相比于我们内心所拥有的，我们身后的过往与面前的未来都微不足道。陈述客观真理， 使用一般现在时，主语为两个并列的主语从句，谓语动词使用复数形式。故选 C。
2 ．A
考查倒装结构和定语从句。句意： 坐落在托斯卡纳连绵起伏的山丘之中的，是一处远离现代生活喧嚣的隐秘世外桃源，这是一座古老堡垒，历史的低语在它的城墙间回荡：它就是蒙塔尔托城堡。主句是完全倒装结构，地点状语提前，主语为 a secret escape，单数名 词，lie“坐落” ，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，谓语用 lies。第二空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词 the rolling hills of Tuscany，关系词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词 where 引导。故选 A。
3 ．D
考查主谓一致。句意： ——我注意到报告的第六页也就是最后一页不见了。——难道不是彼得就是他的助手们要为这个疏忽负责吗？第一空，the sixth and last page 指同一页，谓语用单数 is ；第二空，either...or... 连接主语遵循就近原则，靠近谓语的是 Peter，用 Is。故选 D 项。
4 ．A
考查非谓语动词和动词。句意： 在最近的全美压力调查中，最常见的压力来源是金钱：69%的受访者将经济问题列为焦虑的主要来源，而分别有 65%和56%的人将工作和人际关系问题视为压力源。第一空，“with+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定结构，69% of participants和 cite 为逻辑主谓关系，用现在分词形式 citing 作宾语补足语；第二空，while 引导并列分句，分句主语：65% and 56% (participants)，视为复数，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，
第二空需填动词原形 point。故选 A。
5 ．C
考查时态和主谓一致。句意： 财富或许能引起关注，地位或许能赢得尊重，但这两者都无法确保真正的尊严。真正成就一个人的，是其举止而非其社会地位或财富。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，句子是强调句，强调句中的谓语动词根据被强调的部分的形式来确定，被强调的是 manners，表示“举止”，是复数形式，因此空格处是 make。故选 C。
6 ．B
考查虚拟语气， 时态，主谓一致和被动语态。句意： 如果约翰逊能够兑现当初助其
当选的那些承诺，那么就需要投入大量资金来实施各个领域的全面改革。if 引导的从句表示将来不太可能实现的事情，用 were to do 或 should do，主句陈述的是在假设成立后会产生的一个真实的结果，因此时态用一般将来时，故选 B。
7 ．A
考查时态， 主谓一致和虚拟语气。句意： 联合国提出，不仅交战各方，整个国际社会都应致力于和平进程。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，The United Nations 是联合国，是单数概念，因此第一空用第三人称单数 proposes；propose 表提议，其后的 that 引导的宾语从句中用“should+动词原形” 的虚拟语气，should 可省略，因此第二空用be。故选A。
8 ．B
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意： 灵活和远程办公模式的发展，以及企业提供的在职培训、再培训体系的发展， 让女性能够获得更多就业机会。分析句子可知， 该句主语核心为 The growth（单数），后续两个 of 短语是后置定语：the growth of A, and (the growth) of B，用来修饰 growth ，不改变主语单数属性。主语为单数抽象名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数，结合句意可知，该句应为陈述一般事实，为一般现在时。故选 B 项。
9 ．C
考查时态和主谓一致。句意： 人类如今所面临的抉择，比历史上任何时期都更为关键。一条道路通向绝望与彻底的无望，另一条则通向彻底的灭绝。让我们祈愿自己拥有做出正确选择的智慧。由 leads 可知，句子时态是一般现在时，主语 man 是单数，因此空格处用faces ，crossroads 意为“ 十字路口” ，face a crossroads 意为“面临抉择”。故选 C。
10 ．B
考查名词的复数和独立主格结构。句意： 截至目前，该国已成功将三艘无人航天器送入近地轨道，其中最近的一次是在去年 3 月底发射的。由 three 可知，第一空用名词
spacecraft 复数形式作 sent up 宾语，spacecraft 是单复数同形的名词，因此第一空填
spacecraft；句中 has sent up 作谓语动词，“the most recent at the end of last March”为独立主格结构，“the most recent”与动词 launch 是逻辑上的被动关系，且根据“at the end of last March”可知，launch 这一动作已完成，第二空填过去分词launched。故选 B。
11 ．D
考查名词和主谓一致。句意： 我通读时暗自思索，随即意识到：其实每一部文学作品，无论其语言和主题如何，总会通过语言与现实之间的哲学和物理联系，以这样或那样的
方式，关乎翻译。第一空：“every+单数可数名词”表“每一个”，第一空用 work “（一部）文学作品” 的单数形式，作主语。第二空：为 that 引导的宾语从句的谓语，主语为 every literary work ，be 动词用 is。故选 D 项。
12 ．D
考查时态被动语态和主谓一致。句意： 作为削减成本措施的一部分，这家公司最近已经解雇了多名员工。对于其余员工而言， 他们每个人都被要求降低薪酬，以避免可能被解雇的命运。由 lately 可知，第一空所在句子时态用现在完成时，employee 和 lay off 之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用现在完成时的被动语态，主语 more than one employee 表示“不止一名员工”，其谓语动词应该用单数形式，所以第一个空应该填“has been laid off”；第二句的时态和第一句时态一致，也用现在完成时，主语是 they ，each 只是同位语，不影响单复数，they和 ask 之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此第二空用现在完成时的被动语态，因此第二空是 have been asked。故选 D。
13 ．A
考查主谓一致。句意： 财富并不总是能带来幸福，这是一个许多人未能真正领悟的普遍真理。B 选项错在不符合主谓一致原则，“a Switch, a watch and a pair of sneakers”是复数， is 要改为 are；C 选项错误，the remainder of 后是定语从句，先行词 committee members 是人，因此应该用 whom 引导定语从句，其余的 8 个人还没决定，是复数，was 应该改为 were；句子是强调句，在强调句型“It is who/that ” 中，当强调部分是主语时，谓语动词应与强调部分的主语保持一致，在此句中，强调部分的主语是“you”，因此 am 应该改为 are。故选 A。
14 ．A
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：——我听说除了伴郎之外所有人都准时到了教堂，他堵车了。——但他刚好在宣誓前赶到了。不管怎样， 结局好，一切都好！第一空，主语是all，指代所有人，是复数，but the best man 是插入语，不影响主语单复数，根据“heard”和 “got stuck”可知，使用一般过去时，所以用 were；第二空，这是英语谚语：All is well that ends well.（结局好，一切都好。），这里 all 被视为整体单数，且谚语用一般现在时，故用is。故选 A。
15 ．B
考查祈使句。句意： 请注意！已报名参加课程的各位，请于下周一上午八点前到达教室。分析句子结构可知， “Everybody who has signed up for the course”是主语，“ at the classroom before eight next Monday morning”是谓语部分，因为“Attention please!”是引起注意
的用语，所以本句话是一个祈使句，祈使句通常以动词原形开头，因此空格处用动词原形作谓语，故选 B。
16 ．D
考查动词时态和比较状语从句。句意： 正如亨利 亚当斯所言，教育体系中最可能存在的问题是：在教育里，没有什么比它以过时事实的形式积累起来的无知总量更令人震惊的了。第一空作定语从句的谓语，主语 that 指代单数名词 the problem，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式 exists，排除 B 项和 C 项：第二空，这是原级比较的固定句型：so + 形容词 + as （用于否定句），nothing ... so shocking as ...意为“没有什么比 更令人震惊”。故选 D。
17 ．C
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 所有抽屉都塞满了信件和文件——情书夹杂着未付账单和旧剪报，这表明主人要么多愁善感，要么杂乱无章。A. enclosed 围住，附上；B. bothered打扰；C. stuffed 填满，塞满；D. coped 应对。根据后文“with letters andpapers”可知，抽屉里塞满了各类物品。故选 C 项。
18 ．A
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 即便是幸福的生活也难免会夹杂着些许阴暗面，若没有悲伤的平衡作用，“幸福”这个词也就失去了其应有的意义。A. balanced 平衡；B. perceived感知；C. granted 授予，给予；D. handled 处理，应付。由 the word ‘happy’和 by sadness 可知，此处表示幸福与悲伤之间的平衡关系。如果幸福不被悲伤所平衡， 那么“幸福”这个词就会失去其真正的意义，因此空格处是“平衡”。故选 A。
19 ．C
考查形容词词义辨析。句意： 双方都渴望尽快签署协议，希望这能给该地区带来稳定。A. panicky 恐慌的；B. guilty 内疚的；C. anxious 渴望的，焦急的；D. stressful 有压力的。根据“hoping it would bring stability to the region”可知，双方都渴望尽快签署协议以求地区稳定。故选 C。
20 ．B
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在城市扩张的驱动下，乡村正被新的开发项目吞噬。选项中的四个动词和 up 构成短语，A. ended up 最终成为，以 告终；B. swallowed up 吞并，吞噬；C. brought up 提出，养育；D. loaded up 装载。根据“Driven by urban expansion”可知，此处指乡村正被新的开发项目吞噬。故选 B。
21 ．as if##as though 22 ．what 23 ．is being taken 24 ．which 25 ．for
26 ．less realistic 27 ．edited 28 ．but 29 ．is 30 ．studying##to be studied
本文是一篇说明文。文章通过分析社交媒体时代人们普遍存在的嫉妒心理，探讨其成因、表现及影响。
21．考查连词短语。句意：我感到头晕目眩，牙齿疼痛，就好像被人打了一拳。空格处引导方式状语从句，表达“好像；仿佛” 的含义，用来描述作者看到朋友获奖时的难受感受，应该用连词短语 as if 或 as though 。故填 as if / as though。
22 ．考查宾语从句引导词。句意：人类一直都有亚里士多德在公元前 4 世纪定义的那种“看到他人好运时的痛苦”感受。空格处引导宾语从句，同时在从句中作 defined 的宾语，指代亚里士多德定义的具体内容，意义为“ 的事物”所以用连接代词 what 。故填 what。
23．考查动词时态和语态。句意：但随着社交媒体的出现，嫉妒正日益走向极端。空格处是谓语动词，时间状语 day by day (一天天) 表示动作正在持续进行，且主语 envy 与动词 take之间是被动关系 (嫉妒被推向极端) ，所以用现在进行时的被动语态 is being taken 。故填 is being taken。
24 ．考查定语从句。句意：我们在社交媒体平台上不断接触到他人精心修饰过的生活状态，这对我们产生了负面影响，这种影响在我们人类的进化史上是前所未有的。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的 a negative influence ，关系词在从句中作 of 的宾语，所以用关系代词 which 。故填 which。
25．考查介词。句意：“我认为社交媒体所做的是让每个人都变得可以被拿来比较，”她解释道。for comparison 是固定搭配，意为“作比较；为比较” ，此处表示人们容易被拿来和他人比较，所以用介词 for。
26．考查形容词比较级。句意：这些对比现在变得更不真实了。根据后文 images can be filtered (图片可以被滤镜处理) 可知，社交媒体上的内容是经过修饰的，所以对比变得“更不真实”， realistic 的比较级 less realistic 符合语境。故填 less realistic。
27．考查非谓语动词。句意：知道自己看到的是经过编辑的现实版本，也无法抵御嫉妒的情绪力量。空格处修饰名词 versions ，名词 versions 与动词 edit 之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词 edited 作定语。故填 edited。
28．考查连词。句意：我们大多数人都能理智看待社交媒体上的内容，但在情感层面，它仍会触动我们的神经。空格前后内容存在转折关系：前文说理智上知道内容是修饰过的，后文
说情感上还是会受影响，所以用表转折的连词 but。故填 but。
29．考查主谓一致。句意： 安德鲁表示，无论是男性还是女性，都不会完全不受嫉妒情绪的影响。无论是年轻女性关注某些账号以学习化妆技巧， 还是年长的商人浏览社交媒体网站寻找营销策略，皆是如此。 No man and no woman 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，且句子描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时。故填 is。
30．考查非谓语动词。句意： 这是需要研究的事情。need doing 或 need to be done 都表示“ 需要被做”，此处 something 与 study 之间是被动关系，故填 studying/to be studied。
31 ．AC 32 ．A 33 ．D 34 ．BD 35 ．BC 36 ．C 37 ．E 38 ．AD
39 ．AB 40 ．B
本文是一篇议论文，主要讲的是当今社会盛行的“奖杯文化”现象及其背后的原因和影响。
31 ．考查动名词。句意：更细小的类别会为颁发奖项创造更多机会——我将其称为“荣誉的划分” 。由上文“Smaller categories”可知，此处表示“荣誉的划分” ，carve up 意为“分割” ，此处用动名词作宾语。故选 AC。
32．考查形容词。句意：随着课堂竞争的大幅减少，家长们希望为孩子提供更多的竞争机会，并愿意为此付出费用。由上文“prevent public competition in school classrooms”可知，此处表示“课堂竞争的大幅减少” ，空格处意为“大幅的” ，是 substantial 。故选 A。
33．考查名词。句意：这种赢家通吃的奖品竞赛热潮始于 20 世纪初，源于美国有组织的体育文化的发展。由上文“American culture has come to embrace prizes and awards”可知，此处表示“竞赛热潮” ，空格处意为“热潮” ，是 fever ，不可数名词。故选 D。
34．考查时态。句意：在 20 世纪后半叶，整个社会愈发强调竞争以及各类排名。由下文“Since that decade, prizes have become even more fashionable, along with children’s competitive
activities”可知，此处表示“整个社会愈发强调竞争” ，空格处意为“强调” ，是 stress ，描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式。故选 BD。
35 ．考查形容词。句意：20 世纪 70 年代是奖项创建最密集的时期，包括在电影和文学等领域增加了更多的奖项。由下文“including the addition of even more prizes to fields like film and literature”可知，此处表示“最密集的时期” ，空格处意为“密集的” ，是 intense 。故选 BC。
36．考查被动语态。句意：此外，从孩子出生的那一刻起，他或她就被贴上了一个数字标签。由下文“At birth this is the Apgar score, a score from zero to ten that a doctor uses to rate the
health of a newborn baby”可知，此处表示“孩子出生时被贴上了一个数字标签” ，空格处意为 “贴标签” ，是 label ，他们被贴上标签，句子用被动语态，空前有 is ，空格处用过去分词。故选 C。
37．考查形容词。句意：当孩子进入学校后，这个可识别的数字就变成了标准化的考试成绩，比如奥尔萨特考试成绩或学术能力评估测试成绩。由下文“umber becomes a standardized test score, either an OLSAT or an SAT score”可知，此处表示“这个可识别的数字”，空格处意为“可识别的” ，是 identifiable 。故选 E。
38．考查动名词。句意：如今这种现象在课外活动中也屡见不鲜，这表明当代美国儿童的生活正充斥着无休止的量化操作。由“either an OLSAT or an SAT score”可知，此处表示“量化操作” ，空格处意为“量化” ，是 quantify ，用动名词 quantifying 。故选 AD。
39．考查名词。句意：让孩子、家长、老师和教练对大量的认可感到满意，可以让资金源源不断地流向比赛的组织者。由“Awards help ensure clients return”可知，此处表示“大量的认可”，空格处意为“认可” ，是 recognition ，是不可数名词。故选 AB。
40．考查非谓语动词。句意：但对荣誉的渴望以及随之而来的奖杯文化显然已经走向了极端。由上文“the thirst for honor and the trophy culture”可知，此处表示“ 随之而来的奖杯文化” ，空格处意为“伴随”，是 accompany，句中谓语是 has，空格处用非谓语动词，culture 和 accompany之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词表主动，作后置定语。故选 B。
41 ．A 42 ．C 43 ．D 44 ．B 45 ．C 46 ．A 47 ．D 48 ．D
49 ．C 50 ．B 51 ．A 52 ．B 53 ．A 54 ．C 55 ．D
这是一篇议论文。本文指出焦虑并非弊病，而是人类进化的产物，具备积极价值。它促人未雨绸缪、付诸行动。人们应区分正常焦虑与焦虑症，理性接纳并合理利用焦虑。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着全球范围内焦虑症发病率急剧上升，我们试图控制焦虑的努力似乎并未奏效。A. contain 抑制；B. understand 理解；C. express 表达；D.
appreciate 欣赏，重视。根据前文“An entire industry has sprung up to aid us in eliminating it”提到“整个行业都在帮我们消除焦虑”，但焦虑症发病率飙升，说明我们遏制、控制焦虑的努力失效了。故选 A 项。
42．考查副词词义辨析。句意：问题在于我们不知道如何以建设性的方式应对焦虑。A. rapidly迅速地；B. naturally 自然地；C. constructively 建设性地；D. cautiously 谨慎地。根据语境以及上文“But feeling anxious isn't the problem.”可知，此处为问题在于我们不知道如何以建设性
的方式应对焦虑。故选 C 项。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它是人类进化的胜利，是随着我们应对不确定未来的能力而产生的反应。A. behavior 行为；B. experience 经历；C. intelligence 智力；D. evolution 进化。根据下文“offers a profound evolutionary advantage”可知，此处为原词复现 evolutionary
advantage（进化优势），明确点明焦虑是人类进化的产物。故选 D 项。
44 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：正是查尔斯·达尔文认识到，像焦虑这样的不愉快情绪为进化带来了深远的优势。A. strong 强烈的；B. unpleasant 令人不适的；C. conflicting 矛盾的； D. real 真实的。根据前文“This “bad” feeling”可知，此处指的是焦虑是令人不愉快的负面情 绪，达尔文发现这类“不愉快的情绪”反而具有进化价值。故选 B 项。
45．考查固定短语辨析。句意：例如，恐惧会表明你可能处于危险之中——可能是来自捕食者或霸凌者——并促使你的身体和大脑做好战斗或逃跑的准备。A. in general 大体上；B. on the other hand 另一方面；C. for example 例如；D. in other words 换句话说。根据前文“unpleasant emotions like anxiety offers a profound evolutionary advantage”提出观点：负面情绪拥有进化优势；后文以恐惧为具体例子展开解释说明，属于举例论证。故选 C 项。
46 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相比之下，焦虑与即时威胁毫无关系。A. immediate 即时的；B. deadly 致命的；C. potential 潜在的；D. tremendous 巨大的。根据下文“it turns you into a mental time traveler”可知，恐惧应对当下的、即时的危险；而焦虑关注未来的可能性，与后文“what lies ahead”形成鲜明对比。故选 A 项。
47．考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，它会将你变成一个精神上的时间旅行者，将你的注意力引向未来。A. Consequently 因此；B. However 然而；C. Moreover 此外；D. Rather 恰恰相反，取而代之。根据下文“it turns you into a mental time traveler, drawing your attention to what lies ahead”可知，焦虑并非和即时危险有关，恰恰相反，它会让人思考未来、预判未知。故选 D 项。
48 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：焦虑会促使你的大脑和身体采取行动。A. reality 现实；B. decision 决定；C. wonder 疑惑；D. action 行动。根据下文“Your worries force you to prepare thoroughly for the interview, while your heart races and pumps blood to your brain ”可知，焦虑迫使人们为面试充分准备、保持大脑敏锐，是推动人付诸行动的表现。故选 D 项。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们早就知道，当一种经历令人愉悦时，或者在期待奖励时，多巴胺的水平会增加。A. requirements 要求；B. changes 改变；C. rewards 回报，收获；D. threats威胁。根据上文“The fact that anxiety also boosts dopamine levels points to its role in making
positive possibilities into reality.”提到将积极可能性变为现实，可知，多巴胺与“愉悦体验”和“对回报的期待”相关。故选 C 项。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：遗憾的是，我们很多人被持续的焦虑压得喘不过气来，而且没有从中获得任何益处。A. solution 对策；B. benefit 益处，好处；C. difference 差异；D. lesson教训。根据前文全程论述焦虑的积极作用，以及该句中“Sadly, many of us feel overwhelmed by lasting anxiety”可知，本句转折，说明多数人被长期焦虑困扰，完全看不到它的价值与益处。故选 B 项。
51．考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：但将焦虑视为一种疾病会阻碍我们区分普通的焦虑和焦虑症，并在利用焦虑来为自己谋利时造成巨大的机会成本。A. opportunity 机会；B. labor劳动；C. unexpected 意外的；D. extra 额外的。根据语境以及下文“when it comes to using anxiety to our benefit.” 可知，此处为固定搭配，opportunity cost 表示“机会成本” ；把焦虑当作疾病，会错失利用焦虑获益的机会。故选 A 项。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些有问题的应对方式通常包括逃避，比如因为害怕负面评价而从不离开家，或者服用药物来减轻情绪上的痛苦。A. panic 恐慌；B. avoidance 回避，
逃避；C. addiction 上瘾；D. absence 缺席。根据后文“like never leaving a house because we fear a negative evaluation”举例“ 因为害怕评价从不离家”，可知，这是典型的回避行为，是焦虑症患者常见的错误应对方式。故选 B 项。
53．考查动词短语辨析。句意：大量研究表明，当我们对自身的负面情绪保持好奇，并学会给它们命名并理解其含义时，它们就会变得更加易于掌控。A. make sense of 理解，读懂；
B. do away with 消除；C. take refuge in 躲避；D. make up for 弥补。根据下文“they become more manageable”可知，此处指的是正确应对焦虑的方式：好奇地面对它、命名它、理解它，而不是逃避或消除它。故选 A 项。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：将焦虑重新定义为一种优势和作为人类特质的宝贵部分并非易事。A. cure 治愈；B. praise 赞扬；C. edge 优势；D. emotion 情绪。根据前文反复强调焦虑有“evolutionary advantage”（进化优势），可知，此处 edge 意为“优势、长处”，呼应前文“进化优势”和“积极作用” ，是对焦虑价值的重新定义。故选 C 项。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：除非焦虑让我们感到不适，迫使我们坐起来并集中注意力，否则它无法发挥其作用。A. fascinated 着迷的；B. patient 耐心的；C. calm 冷静的；D.
uncomfortable 不舒服的。根据语境以及上文“Anxiety can't do its job”可知，焦虑的本质就是让人感到不舒服，正是这种不适感才会迫使我们集中注意力、采取行动，这是它能发挥作用
的前提。故选 D 项。
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)56 D 57 C 58 A 59 B
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者长期受聚光灯效应困扰，过度在意他人评价，陷入社交焦虑。受朋友启发后，她努力放下顾虑、走出舒适区，逐渐摆脱心理束缚，学会为自己而活。
56 ．推理判断题。根据第一段“For as long as I can remember, I’ve been extremely conscious of myself — how others perceive and judge me. If you’ve ever taken a psychology class, the term
“spotlight effect” may ring a bell. I lived under the imagined spotlight for years, constantly
worried about my perceived intellect and looks.( 从我记事起，我就一直非常在意自己——在意他人对我的看法和评价。如果你曾经上过心理学课，可能会对“ 聚光灯效应”这个词有所耳闻。多年来，我一直生活在想象中的聚光灯下，时刻担心自己在别人眼中的聪明程度和外貌状况。)”可推知，术语“ 聚光灯效应”最恰当的定义是总觉得自己时刻被他人注意、审视和评价，这是一种过度的自我关注。故选 D 项。
57 ．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Without a familiar face, club meetings felt like an opportunity ripe for embarrassment. I knew I’d be placing myself among strangers, directly under their
gaze.( 没有熟悉的面孔在场，社团会议就像一个容易让人尴尬的机会。我知道自己将置身于陌生人之中，直接处于他们的注视之下。)” 由此可知，划线单词 scrutiny 与后文的 gaze（注视）呼应，意为仔细的审视、观察。C 选项 careful examination“仔细的审查”符合语境。故选C 项。
58 ．细节理解题。根据第五段中“I couldn’t imagine a world where I wasn’t constantly changing myself to meet others ’ expectations or tirelessly trying to satisfy someone else in every
relationship.( 我无法想象一个我从未为了迎合他人的期望而不断改变自己，或者在每段关系中都竭力满足他人期望的世界。)”可知，，作者过去总是改变自己迎合他人，在人际关系中优先满足别人的需求和期待。故选 A 项。
59．推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第六段中“I vowed to live in a carefree way without fear of others ’ attention. I allowed myself to work out at the gym during peak time, go to professors ’
office hours and joined new clubs. Rest assured, I still fought with social pressures, asking myself, “What if they notice when I mix up my words while talking ” To all those who may sympathize
with that thought, I’ll ask you this: when have you ever torn someone to pieces over a simple
pronunciation mistake So I adopted a new motto for myself — no one truly cares.( 我发誓要以
一种无忧无虑的方式生活，不再害怕他人的关注。我允许自己在高峰时段去健身房锻炼， 参加教授的办公时间，加入新的俱乐部。请放心，我仍然与社会压力作斗争，问自己：“如果我在说话时把词弄混了，他们会注意到吗？” 对于那些可能有这种想法的人，我要问你们：你们什么时候因为一个简单的发音错误而把某人痛骂一顿的呢？所以我给自己定了一个新
的座右铭——没有人真的在乎。)”可知，全文围绕“过度自我意识、害怕他人评价”展开，作者的核心转变就是不再在意别人的眼光，为自己而活，这也是她想传递给读者的核心建议。故选 B 项。
60 ．A 61 ．C 62 ．A
这是一篇说明文。本文介绍三部作品：小说批判科技企业带来的数字化高压与精神消耗；电影揭示社交媒体的成瘾设计必然引发科技倦怠；情景剧则展现远离网络、放缓节奏的治愈生活方式。
60 ．细节理解题。根据 Book 中“The Circle, the eponymous(同名的) tech giant in Dave Eggers ’ novel, is good at generating mottos. The company has collected the personal data of millions of
citizens and monetized it all so effectively that working there seems like the ultimate dream for its young, ambitious staff.( 戴夫·埃格斯小说《圆环》中的这家同名科技巨头擅长提炼格言。该公司收集了数百万公民的个人数据，并将其有效地货币化，以至于在那里工作的年轻有为的员工们觉得这是他们最理想的追求。)”可知，在小说《圆圈》中，我们可以了解到这家科技公司它通过看似鼓舞人心的口号吸引年轻员工。故选 A 项。
61 ．细节理解题。根据 Film 中“Addiction is algorithmically baked into the way social media
works; cunningly designed with all its little beeps and prompts to keep you browsing, liking and
retweeting, longing for the next little dopamine hit of amusement, upset and uneasy if your
smartphone isn’t immediately to hand.( 社交媒体的运作方式中已算法性地融入了成瘾因素；
它精心设计，配有各种提示和响声，以持续吸引你浏览、点赞和转发，渴望下一次带来愉悦的小剂量多巴胺刺激；如果手机不在身边，他们就会感到烦躁和不安。)”可知，社交媒体的运作模式与算法设计，天生带有成瘾属性，这是人们持续消耗、陷入疲惫的核心原因。故选C 项。
62 ．细节理解题。通读全文可知，Book：批判科技公司高压、过度数字化和自我暴露带来的精神消耗（原文结尾 exhausting）；Film：直接提出核心概念 tech burnout（科技倦怠），
论证其必然性；TV series：通过主角主动逃离数字化高压生活，反衬科技倦怠的普遍存在。由此可知，三个作品从不同维度围绕“信息时代的科技倦怠”展开。故选 A 项。
63 ．C 64 ．D 65 ．B 66 ．C
这是一篇议论文。本文指出艺术从歌颂快乐转向聚焦痛苦，因现代社会充斥广告营造的虚假幸福。人们需悲情艺术提醒自己正视苦难与无常，理性看待幸福。
63．推理判断题。根据第二段中“The earliest forms of art, like painting and music, are those best suited for expressing joy. But from the 19th century, more artists began seeing happiness as
meaningless or fake, as we went from Wordsworth’s daffodils to Baudelaire’s flowers of evil.( 最早的艺术形式，如绘画和音乐，最擅长表达喜悦之情。但从 19 世纪开始，越来越多的艺术家开始认为幸福毫无意义或虚假，就像从华兹华斯笔下的水仙花转向波德莱尔笔下的邪恶之花一样。)”可知，用华兹华斯（歌颂快乐）和波德莱尔（描绘邪恶）的对比，证明艺术家的关注焦点从快乐转向了负面情绪。故选 C 项。
64 ．细节理解题。根据第四段中“After all, what is the one modern form of expression almost
completely dedicated to depicting happiness Advertising.( 毕竟，哪一种现代表达形式几乎完全致力于描绘幸福呢？那就是广告。)” 以及第六段中“And since these messages have an
agenda—to lure us to open our wallets—they make the very idea of happiness seem
unreliable.( 而由于这些信息有一个目的——诱使我们打开钱包——它们使得幸福的概念本身似乎也不那么可靠了。)”可知，广告为了盈利刻意描绘虚假的快乐，创造的是幸福的幻觉，而非幸福本身。故选 D 项。
65．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need art to tell us as religion once did: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it. It’s a message even more bitter than a cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air.( 如今，在被各种轻松幸福的承诺所包围的情况下，我们需要艺术来告诉我们，就像宗教曾经所做的那样：记住你会死去，一切都会结束，而幸福并非在于否认这一点，而是在接受并享受它。这是一条比香烟更苦涩却又仿佛带来清新空气般令人振奋的信息。)”可推知，从最后一段我们可以得知，作者认为反向展现幸福的艺术令人反感但又别具一格。故选 B 项。
66．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Artists are often perceived by many people as weird. But the weirdest may be this: artists ’ only job is to explore emotions, and yet they choose to focus on the ones that feel bad.( 人们往往认为艺术家们有些古怪。但最奇特的或许在于此：艺术家的唯一职责就是探索情感，然而他们却偏偏选择去关注那些令人感到悲伤的情感。)”可知，文章开篇提出现象：现代艺术家更关注负面情绪；反驳常见观点：并非因为现代苦难更多；
揭示真正原因：现代社会被广告制造的虚假幸福充斥；对比过去：宗教曾承担提醒苦难的功能。由此得出核心结论：今天我们迫切需要表达不快乐的艺术，来提醒我们正视真相。故选C 项。
67 ．D 68 ．E 69 ．C 70 ．A
本文为一篇说明文，介绍了一项新研究，发现个人魅力的展现也和时间因素有关，不仅和且演讲者有关，也和听众的生物钟状态有关，同时给出了安排演讲时间的建议。
67．空前“Over the years, I’ve shared tips from everyone from FBI agents to actors on how to tune up your charisma and win over others.(多年来，我分享了从联邦调查局特工到演员等各界人士关于如何提升个人魅力、赢得他人好感的建议)”讲作者多年分享提升魅力的技巧，空后“A new study recently published in Leadership Quarterly and written by its authors for the Harvard
Business Review website changed that.(最近发表在《领导力季刊》上的一项新研究，其作者还为《哈佛商业评论》网站撰写了相关文章，改变了这一状况)”讲新研究改变了以往的认知， D 选项“但有一个因素你可以有意识地加以利用来提升自己的亲和力，而我之前从未考虑过——一天中的时间。”指出作者从未考虑过时间这个影响因素，引出下文，衔接自然。故选 D。
68 ．空前“Then 131 of these participants did a role play in which they pretended to speak at a
graduation ceremony.(随后，这些参与者中有 131 人进行了角色扮演，他们模拟在毕业典礼上发言的情景)”讲参与者完成演讲准备，空后“ How did the timing of the speeches affect the
students’ charisma (这些演讲的时机选择是否对学生的魅力产生了影响)”提问演讲时间如何影响魅力，E 选项“而其中的有趣之处在于，有些演讲是在极为早的时候进行的，而另一些则是在午夜时分举行”表示演讲实验被分别安排在清晨和午夜，具体描述对比的过程差异，引出下文对时间影响的讨论。故选 E。
69．空前说明了演讲者层面的研究结果，空后“The researchers showed half-asleep listeners are far harder to charm — surprising no one who has ever tried to deliver an early morning lecture to
college kids. Or, as the authors put it, “The passionate speeches of leaders are less effective when
followers are tired and just do not want to hear it.”(研究者发现，半睡状态下的听众要远难于被说服——这一点对于那些曾试图在清晨向大学生发表演讲的人来说并不令人意外。或者，正如作者所言：“ 当追随者疲惫不堪且根本不想听时，领导者激情洋溢的演讲效果就会大打折扣。”)” 指出困倦的听众更难被打动，说明是听众层面的发现，C 选项“在一项后续研究中，该团队发现，时间因素也对听众对演讲的感知产生了影响”指出跟进研究发现时间也影响听
众对演讲的感知，衔接上下文。故选 C。
70 ．空后“But what should you do if you and your followers’ biological clocks don’t match (但倘若你和你的追随者的生物钟并不一致，那你又该如何应对呢)”转折提问如果演讲者和听众生物钟不匹配该怎么办，A 选项“如果你自己就是那种习惯早起的人，并且还能带动身边的人也养成早起的习惯，那么将这一发现转化为实际行动就轻而易举了”指出如果双方生物钟匹配，应用该研究结论很简单，正好与后文形成转折衔接。故选 A。
71 ．As far as our physical and mental health is concerned, we can never stress the importance of sleep too much.
考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。“就 而言”是固定短语 as far as...be concerned， “我们的身心健康”是 our physical and mental health ，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语 our physical and mental health 是抽象概念，因此 be 动词用 is ，“再怎么 也不为过” 是 can never do sth. too much ，“强调”是 stress ，位于情态动词 can 后，用原形，“ 睡眠的重要性”是 the importance of sleep ，故答案为 As far as our physical and mental health is concerned, we can never stress the importance of sleep too much.
72．Realizing she had to deal with such a heavy workload alone, she couldn’t help feeling anxious and exhausted.
考查非谓语动词、宾语从句和时态。表示“她”用 she ，作主语；表示“意识到”为动词 realize ，此处为非谓语动词作状语，realize 和逻辑主语 she 为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式，realize 后接省略 that 引导的宾语从句，在该宾语从句中，表示“不得不处理”应为动词短语 have to deal with；表示“如此繁重的工作量”应为名词短语 such a heavy workload；主句部分中，表示“不禁做某事”应为动词短语 couldn’t help doing；表示“感到”为动词 feel ，此处用动名词形式，作宾语；表示“忧心忡忡，心力交瘁”应为形容词短语 anxious and exhausted作表语；结合句意可知，该句应为陈述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时。故翻译为：Realizing she had to deal with such a heavy workload alone, she couldn’t help feeling anxious and
exhausted.
73 ．As a traditional form of exercise, Tai Chi integrates deep breathing with slow movements, which not only enhances our strength and flexibility but also helps us achieve a relaxed state of mind.
考查固定短语，时态，主谓一致和定语从句。“作为一种传统的锻炼方式”是 as a traditional form of exercise ，“太极拳”是 Tai Chi ，“将 和 融为一体”是
integrate ...with...，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，Tai Chi 是不可数名词，因此
integrate 用第三人称单数，“深呼吸”是 deep breathing ，“慢动作”是 slow movements ，“不仅能增强我们的力量和柔韧性，还能帮助我们达到一种放松的精神状态”用 which 引导的定语从句，时态用一般现在时，which 指代先行词 Tai Chi ，“不仅 还 ”是固定搭配 not
only...but also... ，“增强”是 enhance ，which 指代的先行词 Tai Chi 是不可数名词，enhance 用第三人称单数，“我们的力量和柔韧性”是 our strength and flexibility，“帮助某人做某事”是help sb. do sth. ，help 用第三人称单数，“我们”用 us，“达到”是 achieve，“一种放松的精神状态”是 a relaxed state of mind。故答案为 As a traditional form of exercise, Tai Chi integrates deep
breathing with slow movements, which not only enhances our strength and flexibility but also helps us achieve a relaxed state of mind.

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