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Unit 5 Nature's Temper 单元检测试题 2025-2026学年
下学期初中英语人教版（2024）八年级下册
一、单项选择
1．My alarm clock didn’t ________ this morning. As a result, I got to school late.
A．work out B．go off C．wake up D．turn on
2．— Mary, do you often stay up late
—________. I used to work late before, but now I don’t.
A．Not really B．No problem C．That’s for sure D．I’m afraid so
3．—What’s that smell
—There might be a big fire. Look at the ________ smoke coming out of the window!
A．soft B．light C．thin D．thick
4．At the time of the rainstorm, Lily ________ lessons while I was looking through the news.
A．review B．reviewed C．is reviewing D．was reviewing
5．When someone is in trouble, we shouldn’t refuse ________ him a helping hand.
A．lend B．lent C．to lend D．lending
6．Don’t ________ your true feelings because talking to someone is a good way of dealing with your stress.
A．report B．hide C．beat D．express
7．—Why do you like reading the news in a magazine or online
—News stories cover many different subjects. This makes them useful for the test ________.
A．condition B．preparation C．situation D．description
8．Take your pet dog for a walk every day, or it will be ________ unhappy.
A．terribly B．soundly C．thankfully D．hardly
9．—I hear Jane is the kindest among the girls in your class, right
—Yes. She always helps others ________ she’s free.
A．since B．so C．as soon as D．even though
10．— How do you like the movie
— It was very wonderful ________ its ending.
A．besides B．but C．among D．except for
二、完形填空
I will never forget the day when the 11 happened. It was about 5:15 in the afternoon, and I was driving along a high road to 12 my daughter from school.
Our plan was to go swimming together. I finished work at about 4:00 and then went to the post office. Then I stopped off at a shop to get some fresh 13 , because we liked to have some fruit after swimming.
I was driving along a high road on my way to the school. 14 I saw the cars in front of me start to move from side to side. I slowed down. Then my car 15 to shake. I didn’t know what was happening. Perhaps something was wrong with my car. I drove even 16 . I stopped the car and at the same moment the road 17 onto the cars in front of me.
I found 18 in the dark. I couldn’t move. The bottom parts of both my legs and my feet were hurting badly, and I couldn’t move them. All around me was quiet. But below me I could 19 shouts and a lot of noise.
Then I 20 what was happening. I had been in an earthquake.
11．A．typhoon B．storm C．flood D．earthquake
12．A．take B．hold C．get D．send
13．A．fruit B．vegetables C．water D．drinks
14．A．Suddenly B．Luckily C．Carefully D．Happily
15．A．began B．stopped C．wanted D．decided
16．A．faster B．farther C．slower D．nearer
17．A．put B．fell C．ran D．moved
18．A．my B．myself C．yourself D．themselves
19．A．listen B．hear C．see D．voice
20．A．hid B．realized C．discovered D．remembered
三、阅读理解
Date: 29 Weather: JULY Question: What were people doing at the time of the rainstorm
I’m a worker in a large bookstore. When the rainstorm came, I was busy moving the books to higher places with other workers. However, the water got into our bookstore quickly. It was rising so fast that quite a lot of books got wet. Mr. Zhang
I was on the train at that time. I was watching videos on my phone when the rainstorm came. Because the rain was too heavy, the train had to stop on the way. I didn’t have enough food or water. The situation was dangerous and I didn’t know if I could go back home. Miss Liu
I was doing the dishes when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows. My daughter was drawing in her bedroom. Suddenly, the light went on and off a few times and then went out completely. Soon, the water came into our house and my daughter was crying. Luckily, our neighbours took a boat to us and helped us out. Mrs. Li
21．When did the rainstorm happen
A．In June. B．In July. C．In August. D．In September.
22．What was Mr. Zhang doing at the time of the rainstorm
A．He was carrying books. B．He was watching videos.
C．He was doing the dishes. D．He was drawing pictures.
23．How did Miss Liu probably feel at that time
A．Bored. B．Relaxed. C．Surprised. D．Worried.
24．Where was Mrs. Li when it began to rain heavily
A．In a shop. B．On the train.
C．In the kitchen. D．In the bedroom.
25．What can we know from the passage
A．No books got wet in the rainstorm.
B．Miss Liu took enough food and water with her when she got on the train.
C．Mrs. Li’s daughter was doing homework at the time of rainstorm.
D．Mrs. Li’s neighbours helped her and her daughter out by boat.
When you look at a mountain with snow on top, you may think it is beautiful. But is it still amazing when an avalanche happens
An avalanche is snow, ice and rocks moving together quickly down a mountain.
Different things can cause avalanches. For example, when snowfall is at its greatest, it happens easily. Also, about 90% of avalanches have to do with human activities, like climbing and skiing. Besides, strong winds, earthquakes and even animal activities like running and fighting can also make them happen.
Avalanches are most common from December to the following April. But in fact, they happen all year round. Most of them are small, with only little snow. But in high mountains, such as the Alps and the Himalayas, they can be huge and dangerous. Some places in France, Austria, Switzerland, and Italy see the greatest number of avalanches every year. When an avalanche happens, the fast-moving snow, ice, and rocks can sweep away everything on the way. They bury (埋) skiers and mountain climbers alive. And the snow is so heavy that climbers often die of being breathless. When an avalanche stops, the snow becomes too hard to move. That can make people die of cold.
But what can we do to keep us safe when an avalanche happens Education and right training on avalanches can help. Also bring useful tools like a beacon (信标) to help others find you and a shovel to help save others.
26．How does the writer start the passage
A．By giving examples. B．By asking a question.
C．By sharing an idea. D．By listing numbers.
27．What may make avalanches happen
①the height of mountains ②great snowfall
③human activities like skiing ④a running deer in the snow
A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④
28．What can we know from Paragraph 4
A．Where small avalanches happen. B．How climbers die in avalanches.
C．What to do to stop avalanches. D．Why avalanches happen so often.
29．What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the passage
A．To tell us never to go near high mountains with snow.
B．To give ways to keep safe when meeting avalanches.
C．To introduce some facts and information about avalanches.
D．To warn people of the danger caused by avalanches.
30．What can we infer from the passage
A．Avalanches are not dangerous at all in summer.
B．Earthquakes are the main cause of avalanches.
C．Everyone can survive an avalanche with good training.
D．The Alps in Europe might be a high-risk area for avalanches.
When it rains heavily, we can say, “It’s raining cats and dogs.” Well, on 29 December, 2021, the people in Texarkana, the US were experiencing the animal rain. It was raining fish.
On that day, a storm hit the place. The storm left a lot of small fish on the ground. “Fish falling from the sky is an example of the animal rain,” explained the city experts. “Although it’s not common, it can happen in certain weather if the fish are light enough.”
In fact, there have been similar reports of such strange weather throughout history. In 2017, people in California saw fish fall from the clouds over a primary school. In 1921, frogs fell from the sky over a city in Canada. Fish have also fallen from the sky at least three times in the last 30 years in Lajamanu, Australia.
Of course, the animals were not in the sky before it started raining but powerful waterspouts(水龙卷) swept them up. Waterspouts are tornadoes that form or travel over open water. The fast wind inside them lifts water up into the clouds. At the same time, some light fish or frogs are lifted up too. The wind carries the animals and water over the land. When the energy of the wind starts to fall, so do the animals and water. As a result, it “rains” animals.
31．When did the storm hit Texarkana, the US
A．In 1923. B．In 2017. C．In 2019. D．In 2021.
32．What can we know from Paragraph 2
A．It is common for people to experience a storm.
B．Fish falling may happen once in a while.
C．Some frogs are light enough to fall down.
D．There are many light fish in the sky.
33．Which of the following may have the similar meaning as the underlined word “throughout”
A．Behind. B．During. C．With. D．Without.
34．Which is the right order of the events in the animal rain
①The animal rain falls as the energy of the wind falls.
②Powerful waterspouts sweep some animals up.
③The strong wind lifts water and animals up into the sky.
④The wind carries the animals and water over the land.
A．①②③④ B．②①④③ C．②③④① D．③②④①
35．Which of the following can be the best title of the passage
A．Strange “Winds” B．Strange “Clouds”
C．Strange “Animals” D．Strange “Rain”
四、任务型阅读
A life coach is somebody who helps you reach all kinds of personal and professional goals (目标) . Each of us has the ability to be our own life coach. Here are some tips for you:
Pay attention to your relationships with others
Ask yourself the following questions: How do you deal with disagreements When was the last time you showed your family members that you care for them Your relationships with friends, family members and teachers show a lot about the kind of person you are.
Face the fears about the future
Now, imagine that one of your good friends told you that he or she was not strong enough to go back to school. We often give better advice than we are willing to take ourselves. Remember that even the most successful people were probably told that what they wanted to do was impossible, but they followed their dreams and succeed.
Develop your talents
If you want to reach your goals, you will have to spend more time developing the talents you already have, and uncovering any hidden talents that you haven’t discovered yet. So you can take classes in subjects that you are interested in, even if you have no experience.
Be thankful
Take some time to be thankful for the things you do have. Remember positive memories.Think of the best day(s) you have had in the past month or year. Remember special parties, vacations and holidays. Appreciate the wonderful people you have in your life.
A．根据短文内容简要回答问题。
36．Which tip do you think influences you most
37．Why should you pay attention to your relationships with others
B．将短文中划线的句子译成汉语。
38．
39．
C． 请给短文拟一个适当的标题。
40．
五、短文填空
阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A group of hiking lovers once decided to climb an unfamiliar mountain. Since the weather report said it might be 41 (rain), Jack’s brother warned them of the challenges they would face. However, they were too excited to listen.
In the beginning, everything went well. The sun was shining brightly and they 42 (chat) and laughing as they walked. But the wind grew stronger as they went higher. All of 43 sudden, they found they had taken a wrong path (路线).
Realizing things were going wrong, they felt helpless. Jack, the group leader, grew worried. He remembered 44 (read) about the area before. Now, he realized they were in trouble, especially with limited (有限的) 45 (supply).
Then it started to rain heavily 46 they were trying to find the way back. They all got wet soon. It wasn’t the 47 (bad). The muddy ground made it difficult for them to move forward! When the rain slowed, they continued to find their way back.
48 (thankful), a rescue team was sent out when they failed to return by nightfall, and Jack became their hero for keeping everyone calm. From this experience, they learnt a valuable lesson about the importance 49 preparation and caution(谨慎). They told 50 (they) that they would not make the same mistake again.
六、单词拼写
51．The firefighters worked ________ to save people from the burning building. (brave)
52．After the earthquake, many ________ came to help the victims. (volunteer)
53．Everyone should know how to protect ________ (they) during a natural disaster.
54．The storm caused ________ to many houses in the village. (damage)
55．It is ________ to stand under a tree during a lightning storm. (danger)
七、书面表达
56．作为学生，保持安全对我们的学习和生活很重要，请以“How to Keep Ourselves Safe as Students”为题，号召同学们在日常生活中注意保持安全。
文章要包含以下内容：
1.校园安全：课间不追逐打闹，上下楼梯靠右行，不玩危险游戏；
2.交通出行安全：过马路走斑马线，遵守红绿灯，不边走路边看手机；
3.应对危险：遇到困难或危险时，及时向老师、家长或警察求助。
要求：1.80-120 词，语句通顺，语法正确，合理使用连接词；
2.不得出现真实姓名和学校名称。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 B A D D C B B A C D
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 D C A A A C B B B B
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 B A D C D B D B C D
题号 31 32 33 34 35
答案 D B B C D
1．B
【详解】句意：今天早上我的闹钟没有响。结果，我上学迟到了。
work out算出，解决，锻炼；go off（闹钟）响，爆炸，断电；wake up醒来，叫醒；turn on打开（电器、水龙头等）。根据“My alarm clock”及后文“got to school late”可知，此处表示闹钟没有响导致迟到。go off常用来表示（闹钟）响起，符合语境。
2．A
【详解】句意：——玛丽，你经常熬夜吗？——不完全是。我以前经常熬夜到很晚，但现在不了。
Not really不完全是；No problem没问题；That’s for sure确实如此；I’m afraid so恐怕是这样的；根据答语后句“I used to work late before, but now I don't.”可知，说话人现在不熬夜了，应作否定回答。Not really常用于委婉否定，符合语境。其他选项分别用于回应请求、表示肯定确认或委婉肯定，均与后文矛盾。故选A。
3．D
【详解】句意：——那是什么味道？——可能发生了大火。看从窗户里冒出的浓烟！
考查形容词辨析。soft柔软的；light轻的；thin薄的；thick浓的。根据“There might be a big fire.”可知，大火会冒出浓烟，故选D。
4．D
【详解】句意：暴风雨发生时，莉莉正在复习功课，而我在浏览新闻。
根据时间状语“At the time of the rainstorm”和从句“while I was looking through the news”可知，主句动作表示过去某一时刻正在进行，应用过去进行时，结构为was/were + doing。主语Lily为第三人称单数，be动词用was。
5．C
【详解】句意：当有人遇到麻烦时，我们不应该拒绝向他伸出援手。
refuse to do sth“拒绝做某事”，空处用不定式to lend作宾语。
6．B
【详解】句意：不要隐藏你的真实感受，因为与人交谈是应对压力的好方法。
report报告；hide隐藏；beat击败；express表达。根据“talking to someone is a good way of dealing with your stress”可知，与人交谈是缓解压力的好方法，因此建议不要“隐藏”真实感受。
7．B
【详解】句意：——你为什么喜欢在杂志或网上看新闻？——新闻报道涵盖许多不同的主题。这使得它们对考试准备很有用。
condition条件；preparation准备；situation情况；description描述。根据“News stories cover many different subjects.”可知，新闻涵盖的主题广泛，有助于为考试做准备，符合语境。
8．A
【详解】句意：每天带你的宠物狗去散步，否则它会非常不高兴。
terribly非常，很；soundly充分地，酣畅地，多用来描述睡眠；thankfully感激地；hardly几乎不。or表示“否则”，后半句表示否定的后果，这里表示要每天遛狗，否则它会非常不高兴。修饰形容词unhappy应用表示程度的副词，terribly符合语境。
9．C
【详解】句意：——我听说简是你们班女生中最善良的，对吗？——是的。她一有空就总是帮助别人。
since“自从”，引导原因或时间状语；so“因此”，引导结果状语；as soon as“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句，表示动作紧接着发生；even though“即使”，引导让步状语。此处表示主句动作紧随从句动作发生，她一有空就会帮助别人，as soon as符合逻辑。
10．D
【详解】句意：——你觉得这部电影怎么样？——除了结局之外，它非常精彩。
besides除……之外（还有）；but但是/除……之外；among在……之中；except for除……之外（整体好，局部不好）。根据“It was very wonderful”可知整体评价是好的，后半句提到“its ending”作为例外，表示整体肯定但局部例外，应用except for。
11．D 12．C 13．A 14．A 15．A 16．C 17．B 18．B 19．B 20．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者开车去学校接女儿的途中遭遇地震的经历。
11．句意：我永远不会忘记地震发生的那天。
根据最后一段“I had been in an earthquake.”可知，难忘的是作者遭遇地震的一天。earthquake“地震”，符合语境。
12．句意：当时是下午5：15左右，我正沿着一条高架路开车去学校接我女儿。
根据“Our plan was to go swimming together. ”可知，我去学校接女儿一起去游泳，get sb. from school“去学校接某人”，get符合句意。
13．句意：然后我在一家商店稍作停留，去买一些新鲜的水果，因为我们游泳后喜欢吃些水果。
根据下文提到“because we liked to have some fruit after swimming”可知，作者停车去商店买新鲜的水果。fruit“水果”，符合句意。
14．句意：突然，我看到前面的车开始左右摇晃。
我正开车去学校路上，前面的车开始摇晃，是意外发生的情况。suddenly“突然地”，符合语境。
15．句意：然后我的车开始摇晃。
根据上下文，“I saw the cars in front of me start to move from side to side.”可知，地震发生了，我的车也和前面的车一样开始摇晃。began（begin的过去式）“开始”，符合题意。
16．句意：我甚至开得更慢。
根据上下文，“I slowed down.”我看到前面的车摇晃后减慢了速度，自己的车开始摇晃后我开得更慢了，和前面进行比较。slower“更慢地”符合句意。
17．句意：我停下车，就在那一刻，路面塌陷到了我前面的车上。
根据上下文，地震发生了之后，地面开始摇晃并发生塌陷。fell（fall的过去式）“跌落，倒塌”，符合句意。
18．句意：我发现自己处于黑暗中。
根据上下文，地面发生塌陷，车都被陷入地下。find oneself in the dark“发现某人自己处于黑暗中”，found（find）的过去式，符合句意。
19．句意：但在我的下方，我能听到呼喊声和大量嘈杂声。
根据上下文，路面塌陷，只能听见呼喊声和嘈杂声。listen是不及物动词，后面需要加to才能接宾语，排除A。hear“听到”，符合句意。
20．句意：然后我意识到发生了什么。
根据上下文，作者经历了车摇晃，地面塌陷后明白发生地震了。“realized”（realize的过去式）意识到，符合题意。
21．B 22．A 23．D 24．C 25．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，通过不同人的讲述，记录了在暴雨来临时人们各自正在进行的活动，包括书店工作人员、火车上的乘客以及在家中的居民等不同场景下的情况。
21．文章中提到“Date: 29 Weather: …JULY”，结合问题“When did the rainstorm happen ”可知，暴雨发生在七月。
22．文章中张先生说“When the rainstorm came, I was busy moving the books to higher places with other workers.”，“moving the books”意思就是“carrying books”，说明暴雨来临时张先生正在搬书。
23．文章中刘小姐说“I didn’t have enough food or water. The situation was dangerous and I didn’t know if I could go back home.”，从没有足够的食物和水，情况危险且不知能否回家，可推断出她当时应该是很担忧的。
24．文章中李太太说“I was doing the dishes when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows.”，表明暴雨开始下得很大时她正在厨房洗碗，“doing the dishes”通常在厨房进行。
25．文章中李太太说“Luckily, our neighbours took a boat to us and helped us out.”，说明李太太的邻居用船帮助她和女儿脱离困境。
26．B 27．D 28．B 29．C 30．D
【导语】本文介绍了雪崩的形成原因、多发季节和地区、危害以及安全防护措施。
26．第一段末尾提到“But is it still amazing when an avalanche happens ”，说明作者是通过提问的方式开头的。
27．第三段提到：降雪量最大时雪崩容易发生（②great snowfall）；约90%的雪崩与人类活动如滑雪有关（③human activities like skiing）；强风、地震甚至动物活动如奔跑和打斗也可能引发雪崩（④a running deer in the snow）。文章未提及山的高度是引发原因，因此答案为②③④。
28．第四段提到“They bury skiers and mountain climbers alive. And the snow is so heavy that climbers often die of being breathless. When an avalanche stops, the snow becomes too hard to move. That can make people die of cold.”，说明本段介绍了登山者在雪崩中是如何死亡的，包括被活埋、窒息而死、冻死等。
29．全文介绍了雪崩的成因、多发季节和地区、危害以及安全措施，因此作者的目的是介绍有关雪崩的事实和信息。
30．第四段提到“in high mountains, such as the Alps and the Himalayas, they can be huge and dangerous”，说明欧洲的阿尔卑斯山可能是雪崩的高风险地区。对应D选项。
31．D 32．B 33．B 34．C 35．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了 “动物雨”这一奇特自然现象，即鱼、青蛙等小动物从天而降的现象。
31．根据文章第一段“Well, on 29 December, 2021, the people in Texarkana, the US were experiencing the animal rain.”可知，风暴发生在2021年。
32．第二段提到“Although it’s not common, it can happen in certain weather if the fish are light enough.”这说明鱼从天而降虽然不常见，但在特定天气下可能发生，即“偶尔发生”。
33．throughout在文中throughout history表示“贯穿历史”，也就是在整个历史期间。Behind表示“在……后面”；With表示“和……一起”；Without表示“没有”，均不符合“贯穿历史”的意思。During表示“在……期间”，与throughout意思相近。
34．文章中提到“Of course, the animals were not in the sky before it started raining but powerful waterspouts swept them up”，即强大的水龙卷把动物卷起来，这是第一步，所以②在前；接着“The fast wind inside them lifts water up into the clouds. At the same time some light fish or frogs are lifted up too”，强风把水和动物带到天空，这是第二步，所以③其次；然后“The wind carries the animals and water over the land”，风把动物和水带到陆地上，这是第三步，所以④接着；最后“When the energy of the wind starts to fall, so do the animals and water. As a result, it rains’ animals”，当风的能量下降时，动物和水落下，形成动物雨，这是第四步，所以①最后，因此顺序是②③④①。
35．文章主要讲述了美国特克萨卡纳等地出现鱼从天上掉下来的动物雨现象，以及动物雨形成的原因。Strange “Rain”准确概括了文章的核心内容。
36．Pay attention to your relationships with others. / Face the fears about the future. / Develop your talents. / Be thankful. 37．Because our / my relationships with others / friends, family members and teachers show a lot about the kind of person we are /I am. 38．我们经常给别人更好的建议，而自己却不愿接受。 39．想一想在过去的岁月里你拥有的最美好的时光。 40．To be your own life coach. / Being your own life coach. / How to be your own life coach. / The tips / suggestions of being your own life coach.
【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要谈论人生导师。我们每个人都有能力成为我们自己的人生导师，并就如何做自己的人生导师给出了一些建议：注意你和他人的关系；如何面对未来的恐惧；发展你的才能；学会感恩。
36．文章提出我们每个人都有能力成为我们自己的人生导师。这里有四条建议，根据个人的实际选择符合自己的一条即可。故填Pay attention to your relationships with others. / Face the fears about the future. / Develop your talents. / Be thankful.
37．根据第二段“Your relationships with friends, family members and teachers show a lot about the kind of person you are”可知你和朋友、家人和老师之间的关系显示出你是什么样的人。故填Because our / my relationships with others / friends, family members and teachers show a lot about the kind of person we are /I am.
38．划线的句子“We often give better advice than we are willing to take ourselves”分析可知是陈述句。主语是we我们；副词often表示“经常”；谓语动词give better advice“给更好的建议”；than表示比较；be willing to 愿意；take ourselves表示“接受我们自己的建议”。故填我们经常给别人更好的建议，而自己却不愿接受。
39．划线的句子“Think of the best day(s) you have had in the past month or year”，分析可知是祈使句，think of考虑；the best day(s) 最美好的时光；you have had 是后置定语，表示“你所拥有的”；时间状语in the past month or year在过去的时光中。故填：想一想在过去的岁月里你拥有的最美好的时光。
40．本文主要谈论我们每个人都有能力成为我们自己的人生导师，并就如何做自己的人生导师给出了一些具体的建议。标题可概括为“做自己的人生导师”To be your own life coach 或Being your own life coach；或者“做自己的人生导师的建议”How to be your own life coach 或The tips of being your own life coach 或者 The suggestions of being your own life coach。故填To be your own life coach / Being your own life coach / How to be your own life coach / The tips / suggestions of being your own life coach.
41．rainy 42．were chatting 43．a 44．reading 45．supplies 46．while/when 47．worst 48．Thankfully 49．of 50．themselves
【导语】本文讲述了一群徒步爱好者决定攀登一座陌生的山，因未听警告且未做充分准备，遭遇恶劣天气和迷路的困境；最终救援队赶来救援，大家安全返回的经历。
41．句意：因为天气预报说可能会下雨，杰克的兄弟警告了他们将要面临的挑战。be动词后接形容词作表语，需用rain的形容词形式rainy。
42．句意：阳光明媚，他们边走边聊天、欢笑。此处强调过去某个时间段正在进行的动作，且与前面的was shining时态保持一致，需用过去进行时，主语是they，故用were，chat的现在分词为chatting，因此需用were chatting。
43．句意：突然，他们发现走错路了。固定搭配all of a sudden“突然”。
44．句意：他记得以前读过关于这个地区的资料。根据下文“他意识到陷入了麻烦”，可知他“记得读过”相关内容，remember doing sth.“记得做过某事”，表示动作已发生，此处需用动名词reading。
45．句意：此刻，他意识到他们陷入了困境，尤其是在物资紧缺的情况下。limited是形容词，修饰名词。supply作名词表示“物资；补给品”时，通常用复数形式supplies。
46．句意：就在他们试图找路返回的时候，雨开始下大了。此处为时间状语从句，while/when表示 “当……时候”。
47．句意：情况还不是最糟糕的。句中有定冠词the，结合句意“虽然下雨了，但更糟的是泥泞的地面”，此处隐含了“与后续困难对比”的最高级含义，需用bad的最高级形式worst。
48．句意：幸运的是，当他们没能在夜幕降临前赶回来时，救援队被派了过来，而杰克因为让大家保持冷静，成了他们心中的英雄。此处修饰整个句子，需用副词作状语，thankful的副词形式为thankfully，置于句首，首字母大写。
49．句意：从这次经历中，他们吸取了宝贵的教训，认识到准备和谨慎的重要性。the importance of…“……的重要性”。
50．句意：他们告诉自己，以后不会再犯同样的错误了。主语是They，宾语与主语指同一批人，需用反身代词themselves，强调自我告诫。
51．bravely
【详解】句意：消防员们勇敢地工作，从燃烧的大楼里救人。句中“worked”是动词，需要用副词来修饰，表示“如何工作”。括号内给出的词是形容词“brave”，需要将其转换为副词形式。在形容词后加“-ly”可以构成副词，因此“brave”变为“bravely”。故填bravely。
52．volunteers
【详解】句意：地震后，许多志愿者来帮助受害者。句中“came”为过去时，提示句子描述过去发生的事情。主语“many”后应填可数名词复数形式。括号中“volunteer”意为“志愿者”，其复数形式为“volunteers”。故填volunteers。
53．themselves
【详解】句意：每个人都应该知道在自然灾害中如何保护自己。根据语境可知，这里需用反身代词来指主语本身，提示词they的反身代词为themselves。
54．damage
【详解】句意：这场风暴给村里的许多房屋造成了损害。分析句子结构可知，动词caused后面需要接名词作宾语，构成“cause sth. to...”的结构。括号内给出的词damage既可以作动词也可以作名词，此处作为名词“损害、破坏”讲时，通常为不可数名词。
55．dangerous
【详解】句意：在雷暴天气里站在树下是危险的。句中“It is ... to do sth.”是一个固定句型，意为“做某事是……的”，其中“It”是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式“to stand...”。该句型中，be动词“is”后面需要接形容词作表语，来描述后面动作的性质。括号内给出的词是名词“danger”，需要将其转换为形容词形式。在名词后加“-ous”可以构成形容词，因此“danger”变为“dangerous”。故填dangerous。
56．例文
How to Keep Ourselves Safe as Students
Safety is of great importance for us students. It is the basic guarantee of our study and daily life. Therefore, we must master some safety protection methods.
At school, we mustn’t run or chase each other during breaks. When going up or down stairs, we should keep to the right and stay away from dangerous games. Outside, we must follow traffic rules: cross the road at zebra crossings, wait for green lights, and never look at phones while walking. If in danger, ask teachers, parents or police for help immediately.
In a word, safety comes first. Let’s all follow these rules and take good care of ourselves.
【详解】[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：议论文，以一般现在时为主
明确要点：校园安全、交通出行安全、应对危险的方法
确定人称：第一人称复数（we/our）
注意事项：无真实姓名及校名
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构：
开头段：点明安全对学生的重要性，引出需掌握安全方法
主体段：分述校园安全、交通出行安全的具体规则
结尾段：强调“安全第一”，呼吁遵守规则
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：校园安全
课间要求：mustn’t run or chase each other during breaks/avoid pushing others in crowded places等
楼道行为：keep to the right when going up/down stairs/stay away from dangerous games/don’t lean against the corridor railings等
要点二：交通出行安全
规则细节：cross the road at zebra crossings/wait for green lights/never look at phones while walking/keep a safe distance from moving vehicles等
要点三：应对危险
求助方式：ask teachers, parents or police for help immediately/stay calm and describe the situation clearly when asking for help等
要点四：总结倡议
核心观点：safety comes first/follow these rules and take care of ourselves/develop good safety habits in daily life等
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