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Unit 5 Nature's Temper 单元测试题 2025-2026学年
下学期初中英语人教版（2024）八年级下册
一、单项选择
1．My mom _________ me _________ early yesterday morning because I was going to take a school trip and couldn’t be late.
A．woke; up B．waken; up C．wake; up D．woke; on
2．We were having a picnic in the park when it _________ started to rain heavily, so we had to pack up and go home at once.
A．sudden B．quick C．quickly D．suddenly
3．The classroom is _________ noisy ________ hear the teacher clearly, so we need to keep quiet at once.
A．too; to B．too; for C．so; that D．very; to
4．The small plane ________ safely on the school playground yesterday afternoon.
A．landed B．left C．arrived D．stayed
5．When the phone ________ suddenly last night, I _________ my math homework carefully in my room.
A．rang; did B．was ringing; was doing
C．rang; was doing D．was ringing; did
6．I _________ my house key behind the big tree when I played games with my friends in the park yesterday afternoon.
A．hide B．hid C．hided D．hiding
7．Many students _________ trouble _________ their ideas clearly when they first communicated with foreign students.
A．had; express B．had; expressing
C．have; to express D．have; expressed
8．—Why did you check the English dictionary while doing your homework
—I _________ the word “dragon” because I wanted to tell my foreign friend about Chinese culture.
A．looked up B．looked for C．looked at D．looked after
9．—What were you doing when you called me at 8 last night
—I _________ for my English test at that time.
A．prepared B．am preparing C．was preparing D．prepare
10．—Why did the policeman stop the driver
—Because he ________ the driver ________ the red light just now.
A．warned; to not run B．warned; not to run
C．warned; of running D．warned; don’t run
二、完形填空
从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last week, a terrible wildfire (野火) swept through our town. It was the most frightening experience of my life.
It all started on a hot and dry afternoon. I 11 in my room when I heard sirens outside. I looked out of the window and saw a cloud of smoke in the distance. “A wildfire!” my father shouted. "We need to 12 immediately!"
We quickly packed some important things—clothes, water, and photos. My mother was 13 , but she tried to stay calm. We got into the car and drove away. The sky turned orange and red. Ash (灰烬) fell like snow. We could see flames on the hills.
We drove to the evacuation center (避难中心) in the next town. Many other families were already there. Some people looked 14 ; others were crying. But everyone helped each other. Some shared food and blankets. 15 played with the children to keep them happy.
We stayed at the center for three days. It was 16 , but we felt safe. Firefighters worked day and night to 17 the fire. Finally, the rain came and helped put it out.
When we returned home, our house was still there! But many of our neighbors' homes were 18 . We felt sad for them. Soon, volunteers came to help rebuild the town. People from all over the country 19 money and things.
This experience taught me that wildfires are 20 , but kindness and courage are stronger. I will never forget how people came together in our time of need.
11．A．read B．was reading C．am reading D．have read
12．A．leave B．stay C．hide D．sleep
13．A．happy B．excited C．scared D．bored
14．A．worried B．lazy C．tired D．hungry
15．A．He B．She C．They D．We
16．A．comfortableB．uncomfortable C．interesting D．boring
17．A．start B．fight C．make D．watch
18．A．saved B．protected C．destroyed D．repaired
19．A．sent B．took C．lent D．borrowed
20．A．beautiful B．weak C．wonderful D．powerful
三、阅读理解
What is a drought (干旱) A drought is a long period of time when there is little or no rain. It can last for weeks, months, or even years. Droughts are one of the most dangerous natural disasters because they affect large areas and can last a long time.
When a drought happens, rivers and lakes dry up. Crops cannot grow without water. Farmers lose their harvest, and food becomes more expensive. Animals suffer too. They may not find enough water to drink or grass to eat.
Droughts can also cause other problems. Without water, the ground becomes very dry. This can lead to dust storms. Dry conditions also make wildfires more likely to start and spread quickly.
What causes droughts Sometimes droughts happen because of changes in weather patterns. For example, El Ni o (厄尔尼诺现象) can cause some parts of the world to become much drier than normal. Climate change is also making droughts more common and more severe in many places.
What can we do to help Everyone can save water at home. Take shorter showers. Turn off the tap when brushing your teeth. Fix leaks (漏水) quickly. Collect rainwater for plants. These small actions can make a big difference when every drop counts.
Scientists are also working to predict droughts better. With better predictions, farmers can prepare and governments can make plans to share water more fairly.
21．What is the right order of how a drought causes problems
a. Rivers and lakes dry up. b. Crops cannot grow. c. There is little or no rain for a long time.
A．a-b-c B．c-a-b C．b-c-a D．c-b-a
22．What can El Ni o cause according to the text
A．More rain in all places. B．Drier conditions in some places.
C．Colder weather everywhere. D．More snow in winter.
23．How does the writer support the main idea of paragraph 5
A．By telling a story. B．By explaining reasons.
C．By giving suggestions. D．By asking questions.
24．In which part of a newspaper can you probably read the text
A．Sports News. B．Weather & Environment.
C．Entertainment. D．Travel.
25．What can be the best title for the text
A．How to Predict the Weather B．Understanding Droughts
C．The Importance of Rain D．Saving Water at Home
Last year, a terrible tornado (龙卷风) hit a small town in the middle of the United States. Sarah, a 14-year-old girl, experienced it and lived to tell her story.
“It was a normal spring afternoon,” Sarah remembers. “I was watching TV with my little brother when the weather alert came on. The announcer said a tornado was coming and we needed to take shelter immediately.”
Sarah’s parents were at work. She was home alone with her five-year-old brother, Timmy. Sarah remembered what she learned in school about tornado safety. “I grabbed Timmy’s hand and we ran to the basement (地下室). We brought blankets and a flashlight. I also took my phone.”
In the basement, they covered themselves with blankets. Sarah held Timmy close. “We could hear the wind outside. It sounded like a train. The house shook and we heard breaking glass. Timmy was crying, but I told him everything would be okay.”
The tornado lasted for about ten minutes, but it felt like hours. When everything became quiet, Sarah waited a few minutes before going upstairs. “When we went up, I couldn’t believe my eyes. Part of our roof was gone. A tree had fallen through the kitchen. But we were alive.”
After the tornado, neighbors came to help each other. Sarah’s parents rushed home and were so happy to see them safe. Sarah became a hero in her town. Her quick thinking and bravery saved her and her brother’s lives.
26．What were Sarah and Timmy doing when they heard the weather alert
A．Watching TV. B．Doing homework.
C．Playing outside. D．Sleeping.
27．What does the underlined word “grabbed” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．放开 B．抓住 C．寻找 D．放下
28．What did Sarah and Timmy bring to the basement
A．Food and water. B．Blankets and a flashlight.
C．Toys and games. D．Their school books.
29．How did the tornado sound according to Sarah
A．Like a train.B．Like thunder. C．Like music. D．Like silence.
30．Why did Sarah become a hero in her town
A．Because she helped her neighbors.
B．Because her house was not damaged.
C．Because her quick thinking saved her and her brother.
D．Because she called her parents immediately.
Emergency Preparation Tips
Natural disasters can happen anytime. Being prepared can save your life. Here are some tips from the Red Cross:
Tip 1: Make an Emergency Kit
Your kit should include:
Water (one gallon per person per day for three days)
Food (non-perishable food that lasts for three days)
Flashlight and extra batteries
First-aid kit
Whistle to signal for help
Dust masks to help filter dirty air
Important documents (IDs, insurance papers) in a waterproof bag
Tip 2: Make a Family Plan
Talk with your family about what to do in different situations.
Choose two places to meet: one near your home and one outside your neighborhood.
Pick a friend or relative in another town to be your family contact. Everyone should call this person to say they are safe.
Practice your plan at least twice a year.
Tip 3: Stay Informed
Learn what disasters can happen in your area.
Sign up for local emergency alerts (警报) on your phone.
Listen to the radio or TV for news and instructions.
31．What should be included in an emergency kit
a. Water and food. b. Flashlight and batteries. c. Toys and games. d. Important documents.
A．a, b, c B．a, b, d C．b, c, d D．a, c, d
32．How often should families practice their emergency plan
A．Once a year.B．Twice a year. C．Three times a year. D．Every month.
33．What is a “family contact” according to the text
A．A person who lives nearby. B．A friend or relative in another town.
C．A neighbor who can help. D．A local firefighter.
34．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A．You only need one gallon of water for one person.
B．You should keep important documents in a waterproof bag.
C．You don’t need to know what disasters can happen in your area.
D．You should practice your plan every week.
35．What kind of text is this
A．A news report.B．A safety guide. C．A personal story. D．A school notice.
四、任务型阅读
阅读短文，用英文填空或回答问题(请注意每小题的词数要求)。
According to official records, the average temperature in 2024 is 1.03℃ higher than the usual average. Global warming is the main reason for China’s higher-than-normal temperatures. It has caused rising sea levels and more extreme (极端的) weather, including longer heatwaves and fewer cold days. The El Ni o phenomenon (厄尔尼诺现象)—the warming of water in the Pacific Ocean—also adds to rising temperatures.
During the later stages of an El Ni o event, global temperatures usually rise, making global warming worse and causing more extreme weather.
A 1℃ rise in temperature has a strong influence on nature. It makes coastal areas face flooding as sea levels rise over time. Warmer temperatures are also harmful to crops (庄稼). Studies also warn that a 1.58℃ rise could lead to the loss of over 10% of species (物种).
Higher temperatures may increase crop production in some places for a short time.However, in the long term, farming will face bigger challenges because of unbalanced rainfall and heat. Water shortages caused by less rain could get worse, possibly influencing up to 1.7 billion people.
Illnesses related to heat are becoming more common. Longer heatwaves raise health risks, showing the need for better healthcare and safety methods.
To deal with these problems, experts suggest developing technology to reduce carbon emissions (碳排放) and planting more trees to absorb (吸收) CO .
Fill in the blanks according to the passage.
Rising Temperatures
Causes 36 . (不超过8词)
37 (仅填1词) Cause coastal flooding and water shortages. 38 . (不超过5词) Make species disappear. Make people suffer from illnesses caused by heat.
Solutions 39 . (不超过8词)
What else can we do to deal with rising temperatures in our daily life
40 (结合自身实际，不超过15词)
五、选词填空
请从方框中选择单词并用其正确形式填空，每空一词，每词限用一次。有两词多余。
excited, they, when, help, decide, strong, change, feel, but, should, safe, with
Nature has a powerful temper. When I was young, I was 41 in storms and rain. I liked to watch the sky and learn about 42 .
One day, my mom asked me, “ 43 you grow up, what do you want to do ”
I said, “I want to 44 people stay safe in bad weather.” I 45 to be a weather watcher.
Years later, I grew 46 and healthier. My dream never 47 . My 48 for nature became strong. It was not easy, 49 I kept working hard. I knew I 50 face difficulties and never give up.
六、单词拼写
51．The earthquake was so ________ that many buildings fell down. (power)
52．We should stay ________ during an emergency and listen to instructions. (calm)
53．After the storm, the ________ worked hard to clean up the streets. (village)
54．It is ________ to play outside during a lightning storm. (danger)
55．The government gave a ________ about the coming typhoon on the radio. (warn)
七、书面表达
56．近年来，我们身边发生了各种灾害。假如你是一名中学生，正参加英语写作大赛，请你根据以下内容写一篇英语短文，介绍在不同的灾害中保护自己的方法，同时提出预防措施。
注意事项：
1. 要点齐全，语句通顺，意思连贯，符合题意；
2. 词数80左右;
3. 文中不得使用真实的个人姓名或学校名称。
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参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 A D A A C B B A C B
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 B A C A C B B C A D
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 B B C B B A B B A C
题号 31 32 33 34 35
答案 B B B B B
1．A
【详解】句意：我妈妈昨天早上很早叫醒了我，因为我要去参加学校旅行，不能迟到。
根据时间状语“yesterday morning”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词需用过去式。固定搭配wake sb. up意为“叫醒某人”，wake的过去式为woke。B项形式错误，C项为动词原形，D项介词搭配错误。
2．D
【详解】句意：我们正在公园里野餐，突然下起了大雨，于是我们只好收拾东西立刻回家。
sudden突然的；quick快的；quickly快地；suddenly突然地。空格处修饰动词started，需用副词，排除形容词A和B。根据语境，野餐时下雨表明天气变化出乎意料，应用suddenly 表示“突然地”，而非 quickly“快地”。
3．A
【详解】句意：教室太吵了以至于听不清老师讲课，所以我们需要立刻保持安静。
too…to…意为“太……而不能……”，to后接动词原形；so…that…意为“如此……以至于……”，that后接从句。句中hear为动词原形，且句意表示否定含义“不能听清”，应用too…to…结构。
4．A
【详解】句意：这架小型飞机昨天下午安全降落在学校操场上。
landed降落；left离开；arrived到达；stayed停留。根据“飞机”和“操场”的语境，此处表示“降落”，应填landed。
5．C
【详解】句意：昨晚当电话突然响起时，我正在房间里认真地做数学作业。
when引导的时间状语从句中，短暂性动作“电话响”用一般过去时，背景持续动作“做作业”用过去进行时。根据“last night”和“suddenly”可知，第一空表示瞬间发生动作填rang，第二空表示过去正在进行的动作填was doing。应填rang；was doing。
6．B
【详解】句意：昨天下午我和朋友在公园玩游戏时，把家门钥匙藏在了大树后面。
“yesterday afternoon”表过去时间，句子需用一般过去时，hide的过去式是hid，应填hid。
7．B
【详解】句意：许多学生第一次与外国学生交流时，在清晰表达他们的想法方面有困难。
根据时间状语从句when they first communicated中的过去式可知，主句谓语动词应用过去式had；固定短语have trouble doing sth.意为做某事有困难，故第二空应用动名词expressing。故选B。
8．A
【详解】句意：——你做作业时为什么查英语词典？——我查阅了“dragon”这个词，因为我想告诉我的外国朋友关于中国文化的事情。
look up查阅；look for寻找；look at看；look after照顾。根据上文“check the English dictionary”可知，此处表示在词典中“查阅”单词，符合语境。
9．C
【详解】句意：——昨晚 8 点你打电话给我时你在做什么？——那时我正在为我的英语考试做准备。
根据问句“What were you doing”和答语中的“at that time”可知，此处表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，结构为 was/were + doing。主语为 I，be动词用was。
10．B
【详解】句意：——警察为什么拦住了司机？——因为他刚才警告司机不要闯红灯。
固定搭配warn sb. not to do sth. 意为“警告某人不要做某事”，不定式的否定形式是在to前加 not。根据语法规则，第二空应填not to run。故选B。
11．B 12．A 13．C 14．A 15．C 16．B 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．D
【导语】本文讲述作者在野火突发时与家人紧急撤离、在避难中心互相帮助、最终家园幸存并重建的经历，突出灾难面前人性的善良与勇气。
11．句意：我正在房间里读书，突然听到外面有警笛声。
表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时was reading。read为一般过去时，不强调“正在做”；am reading为现在进行时，时间不符；have read为现在完成时，不表示具体时刻的动作。
12．句意：我们得马上离开！
根据上下文，野火逼近，需要紧急撤离，应选leave。stay留下、hide躲藏、sleep睡觉，均与逃生逻辑不符。
13．句意：我母亲很害怕，但她努力保持冷静。
野火突发，正常人会感到害怕，但后文说“努力保持冷静”，说明内心恐惧。happy快乐、excited兴奋、bored无聊，都不合情境。
14．句意：有些人看起来很担忧；其他人则在哭泣。
火灾后人们担心家园安全、亲人安危，worried符合语境。lazy懒惰、tired疲劳、hungry饥饿，虽可能发生，但不是此时描述的主要情绪。
15．句意：他们和孩子们一起玩，让他们开心。
前文提到“some people”和“others”，此处指代这些帮助者，应用复数they。he、she为单数，we指“我们”与上下文不符。
16．句意：避难中心不舒服，但我们感到安全。
避难中心临时搭建，条件有限，应选uncomfortable。comfortable 舒适、interesting 有趣、boring 无聊，与“但感到安全”的转折逻辑不符。
17．句意：消防员日夜奋战扑灭大火。
fight the fire为固定搭配，意为“灭火、与火搏斗”。start引发、make制造、watch观看，均不合理。
18．句意：但我们许多邻居的房子被摧毁了。
后文说“我们为他们感到难过”，说明房子被烧毁。saved拯救、protected保护、repaired修理，均不符合火灾后果。
19．句意：全国各地的人们寄来钱和物资。
send money意为“寄钱、捐赠”。took拿走、lent借出、borrowed借入，与捐助语境不符。
20．句意：这次经历让我明白，野火是强大的，但善良和勇气更强大。
野火威力巨大，用powerful形容其破坏力。beautiful美丽、weak虚弱、wonderful美妙，均不恰当。
21．B 22．B 23．C 24．B 25．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要向读者介绍了干旱的定义、危害、成因，以及个人和社会应对干旱的方法，帮助人们全面了解干旱这一自然灾害。
21．第一段“A drought is a long period of time when there is little or no rain.”，干旱的起点：长时间少雨/无雨，对应c；第二段“When a drought happens, rivers and lakes dry up.”，河湖干涸，对应a；“Crops cannot grow without water.”，作物无法生长，对应b。
22．第四段提到：“For example, El Ni o can cause some parts of the world to become much drier than normal.”，直接说明厄尔尼诺会导致部分地区比往常更干燥。
23．第五段开头提出“What can we do to help ”，随后给出了“Take shorter showers. Turn off the tap when brushing your teeth. Fix leaks quickly. Collect rainwater for plants.”等多条节水建议，因此作者通过“给出建议”的方式支撑段落主旨。
24．文章围绕“干旱”这一自然灾害展开，涉及天气现象、环境影响、气候相关内容，因此最可能出现在报纸的“天气与环境”版块。
25．文章从干旱的定义、危害、成因到应对方法，全面介绍了干旱的相关知识，核心主题是“了解干旱”，“Understanding Droughts”适合作为文章的标题，其他选项均只涉及文章的某一部分，不能概括全文。
26．A 27．B 28．B 29．A 30．C
【导语】本文讲述了14岁女孩Sarah在龙卷风来袭时，凭借在学校学到的安全知识和冷静果断的行动，成功保护自己和弟弟生命安全的故事。
26．第二段：“I was watching TV with my little brother when the weather alert came on.” 可知他们在看电视。
27．根据上下文：“I grabbed Timmy's hand and we ran to the basement.” 结合情景，Sarah需要迅速带弟弟避险，因此是“抓住”他的手。
28．第三段明确提到：“We brought blankets and a flashlight.” 因此他们带到地下室的是毯子和手电筒
29．根据第四段：“We could hear the wind outside. It sounded like a train.”Sarah 明确说明龙卷风的声音像火车
30．根据最后一段：“Her quick thinking and bravery saved her and her brother's lives.” 说明她因机智勇敢救了弟弟和她自己。
31．B 32．B 33．B 34．B 35．B
【导语】本文是红十字会给出的自然灾害应急准备安全指南，介绍了准备应急包、制定家庭逃生计划、及时了解灾害信息三条实用建议。
31．根据“Tip 1”可知应急包需要包含水、食物、手电和电池等物品，故选B。
32．根据“Practice your plan at least twice a year.”可知，每年需要练习至少两次。
33．根据“Pick a friend or relative in another town to be your family contact. Everyone should call this person to say they are safe.”可知，家庭联系指其他镇上的朋友或亲戚。
34．根据“Water (one gallon per person per day for three days)”可知，需要准备每人每天一加仑，持续三天的水量，选项A错误；根据“Important documents (IDs, insurance papers) in a waterproof bag”可知，应将重要文件放在防水袋里，选项B正确；根据“Learn what disasters can happen in your area.”可知，我们需要了解自己所在地区可能发生的灾害，选项C错误；根据“Practice your plan at least twice a year.”可知，每年至少练习两次即可，选项D错误。
35．根据文章标题“Emergency Preparation Tips”可知，本文是关于安全应急指南的，故选B。
36．Global warming and the El Ni o phenomenon 37．Results 38．Be harmful to crops/Harm crops 39．Develop technology and plant more trees 40．We can ride a bike to school to reduce carbon emissions./We can save energy by turning off the lights when we go out.
【导语】本文主要介绍了全球气温上升的原因、影响以及应对措施，同时鼓励思考个人在日常生活中应对气温上升的做法。
36．第一段明确提到“Global warming is the main reason for China’s higher-than-normal temperatures.”以及“The El Ni o phenomenon—the warming of water in the Pacific Ocean—also adds to rising temperatures.”，说明全球变暖和厄尔尼诺现象是气温上升的原因，所以答案是“Global warming and the El Ni o phenomenon”。
37．根据表格结构，此空对应的是气温上升带来的结果部分，“Cause coastal flooding and water shortages.”是气温上升导致的结果，所以这里填表示“结果”的“Results”。
38．第三段提到“Warmer temperatures are also harmful to crops (庄稼).”，意思是对庄稼有害，也就是使庄稼受到伤害，可表达为“Be harmful to crops/Harm crops”。
39．最后一段提到“To deal with these problems, experts suggest developing technology to reduce carbon emissions (碳排放) and planting more trees to absorb (吸收) CO .”，即专家建议开发技术和种植更多树木来应对问题，所以答案是“Develop technology and plant more trees”。
40．开放题，答案不唯一。结合自身实际，从减少碳排放、节约能源等方面回答即可，例如“We can ride a bike to school to reduce carbon emissions.”或者“We can save energy by turning off the lights when we go out.”
41．excited 42．them 43．When 44．help 45．decided 46．stronger 47．changed 48．feeling 49．but 50．should
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者从小对自然（尤其是暴风雨）的热爱，以及由此产生的梦想——成为一名气象观察员，并为之努力奋斗的过程。
41．句意：当我还小的时候，我经常在暴风雨中玩耍。根据语境，“我”在暴风雨和雨中应该是感到“兴奋的”，所以填excited。
42．句意：我喜欢仰望天空，了解它们。learn about后面接宾语，这里指代前面的storms and rain，用宾格them。
43．句意：有一天，我妈妈问我：“当你长大了，你想做什么？”根据句子结构，这里需要一个引导时间状语从句的连词，When表示“当……时候”，符合语境，所以填When。
44．句意：我说：“我想帮助人们在恶劣天气中保持安全。”根据“stay safe in bad weather”可知，是想“帮助”人们在恶劣天气中保持安全，“help sb. do sth.”，所以填help。
45．句意：我决定成为一名气象观测员。根据语境，作者“决定”成为一名气象观测员，“decide to do sth.”表示“决定做某事”，文章时态是一般过去时，所以填decided。
46．句意：多年后，我长得更强壮、更健康了。and连接两个并列的比较级，healthier提示前面也用比较级，strong的比较级是stronger，所以填stronger。
47．句意：我的梦想从未改变。根据“My dream never...”可知，“我”的梦想从未“改变”，文章时态是一般过去时，所以填changed。
48．句意：我对大自然的情感变得强烈。My后面接名词，feeling for表示“对……的感觉”，所以填feeling。
49．句意：这并不容易，但我一直在努力工作。“It was not easy”和“I kept working hard”之间是转折关系，所以填but。
50．句意：我知道我应该面对困难，永不放弃。根据语境，“我”知道“应该”面对困难，永不放弃，should表示“应该”，所以填should。
51．powerful
【详解】句意：地震太强烈了，许多建筑物都倒塌了。此处是形容词作表语，power的形容词形式是powerful“强烈的、强有力的”。
52．calm
【详解】句意：当遇到紧急事件，我们要保持冷静，听从指挥。固定搭配“stay calm”，意为“保持冷静”。
53．villagers
【详解】句意：暴风雨过后，村民们努力清理街道。根据“worked hard to clean up the streets”以及提示词village可知，此处是指村民们努力清理街道。villager“村民”，用复数形式villagers，泛指参与清理工作的多名村民。故填villagers。
54．dangerous
【详解】句意：雷雨天气在外面玩很危险。本句是“It is+形容词+to do sth”句型，表示“做某事是……的”，此处应该用 形容词形式，danger的形容词形式是dangerous“危险的”。
55．warning
【详解】句意：政府在广播中对即将到来的台风发出了警告。不定冠词a后接可数名词单数，warn的名词形式warning“预警、警告”。
56．范文：
In recent years, there have been many disasters, such as floods, earthquakes, fires and so on.
When floods come, we should get to high ground. During earthquakes, we can hide under a strong desk. If a fire happens, we should cover our mouths and noses with a wet towel. To prevent future disasters, we should plant more trees and learn about disaster-related knowledge. We can also share some related information with others.
If we keep these in mind, we can protect ourselves well and stay safe.
【详解】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：介绍性说明文，用一般现在时为主
明确要点：灾害类型（洪水、地震、火灾等）；自救方法（洪水前往高地、地震躲桌下、火灾用湿毛巾捂口鼻）；预防措施（植树、学习防灾知识等）
确定人称：第一人称（we/our）
注意事项：不得透露真实姓名、学校名称
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构：
开头段：总起句，点明近年来灾害频发
主体段：分场景介绍不同灾害的自救方法，同时说明预防措施
结尾段：总结升华，强调牢记防灾知识、保护自身安全的重要性
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：灾害类型与自救方法
灾害类型：floods/earthquakes/fires/typhoons等
自救方法：get to high ground/hide under a strong desk/cover our mouths and noses with a wet towel/stay indoors/close all windows等
要点二：预防措施
植树：plant more trees/protect forests等
学习防灾知识：learn about disaster-related knowledge/watch educational safety videos等
其他方式：share some related information with others/pay attention to weather reports等
要点三：结尾升华
总结呼吁：keep these in mind/remember these tips等
点明结果：protect ourselves well/stay safe/keep ourselves from danger等
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