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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 5 Nature's Temper 任务型阅读与短文选词填空 强化练
2025-2026学年下学期初中英语人教版（2024）八年级下册
一、任务型阅读
Earthquakes may happen in some areas every year. How can we save ourselves when an earthquake happens Remember the following advice that can keep you safe.
Leave quickly. Leave the building quickly when the ground stops shaking (摇晃). Don’t use a lift. It may be very dangerous. You should be careful and try not to fall down when you go downstairs (楼下). Accidents may happen when many people rush into a crowded (拥挤的) stairs. Remember to run to the ground away from street lights or power lines.
Find a safe place. If you can’t leave in time, you should hide yourselves under a table and stay away from windows. If you are in a bus or a car, stay in it. If you are in the mountains, be careful of falling rocks.
Value (重视) lives. Don’t care about the things that are valuable or you will lose the best opportunity to run away. Anything is less valuable than your lives.
Keep calm. When you are caught in a building, you should keep calm. Don’t shout all the time. You should save your energy and try to find some food and water.
1．What way should we not choose to leave a building when an earthquake happens
2．Why should we avoid falling down when we go downstairs
3．What should we do to keep safe if we can’t escape (逃脱) from the building in time？
4．How can we stay safe before an earthquake
5．将短文中画线部分翻译成中文。
In August, 2022, Chongqing had a very hard time. The city suffered record-breaking heat, with the highest temperature above 40℃ for weeks. Because of the hot and dry weather, large forest fires swept through many parts of the city.
Firefighters worked hard to put out the fires, but they were not the only heroes. In Beibei District, a large number of motorcyclists (摩托车手) played an important role in fire control.
Li Xin is the owner of a motorcycle club in Beibei District. He organized a team of 15 club members as volunteers. They transported supplies for the firefighters in Xiema Town, the centre of the local fires. “It is my honour and duty to guard my hometown,” he said.
The team members took turns using nine motorcycles to carry food, water and whatever firefighters needed. They also helped transport firefighters to certain places.
There were hundreds of motorcyclists like Li. Most of them were in their twenties. They rode on the poor mountain roads and carried a large basket full of supplies on their back. Some fell and got hurt even though they had the best motorcycle skills. Some got heatstroke (中暑) after working long hours. They didn’t have much time for sleep, but they were in high spirits at all times.
Besides riding on the difficult roads, these motorcyclists also helped cut wood and put out fires. They stayed and helped till the fires were finally put out. Without them the fires couldn’t be put out so quickly.
6．What problem did the 2022 summer heat cause in Chongqing
7．What did Li Xin and his team do to help with fire control
8．What does Paragraph 5 mainly talk about
9．What advantages (优势) did motorcyclists have in controlling the forest fires in Chongqing
10．What can we learn from the young motorcyclists
阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题，每小题答案不超过10个单词。
Travelling to all corners of the world gets easier and easier. We live in a global village, but this doesn’t mean that we all behave in the same way.
How should we behave when you meet someone for the first time An American shakes your hand firmly while looking you straight in the eye. In many parts of Asia, there is no physical contact at all. In Japan, you should bow (鞠躬), and the more respect you want to show, the deeper you should bow. In Thailand, people greet each other by pressing both hands together at the chest (双手合十在胸前). In both countries, eye contact is avoided as a sign of respect.
Many countries have rules about what you should and shouldn’t wear. In a Muslim country, women should wear long blouses and skirts. In Korea, you should take off your shoes when entering a house. Remember to place them neatly together where you came in.
In Spain, lunch is often the biggest meal of the day, and can last two or three hours. So many people eat a light breakfast and a late dinner. In Mexico, lunch is a time to relax, and many people don’t discuss business as they eat. In Britain, it’s not unusual to have a business meeting over breakfast.
In most countries, an exchange of business cards is necessary for all introductions. You should include your company name and your position. If you are going to a country where your language is not widely spoken, you can get the back side of your card printed in the local language. In China, you may present your card with the writing facing the person you are giving it to.
11．How do people in Thailand show respect when greeting each other
12．What does a woman have to wear in a Muslim country
13．How long does lunch often last in Spain
14．What should we pay attention to when we live in a global village
15．Is it important to know different manners in the global village Why or why not
二、选词填空
beat，sudden，a，because，my，clean，minute，come，branch，in
It was reported that one of last year’s most powerful storms killed at least four people and hurt at least 95 others in southern China. Do you remember what you were doing at that time
I couldn't forget what happened 16 it was terrible for me. It was a dark and quiet night at first. I was just about to fall asleep. 17 , I heard a loud noise.It was raining cats and dogs outside. The wind was 18 against the windows.I got up and looked out of the window. To my surprise, I could see 19 tree in my neighbour’s garden fall. It broke a fence (栅栏) and part of the wall.
I realized that I should do something by 20 . So I put on my raincoat and went outside. The rain was so heavy that I was completely (完全地) wet in a few 21 . There was almost silence (寂静) 22 the neighbourhood except for the sound of the rain and the wind. I tried my best to move some of the 23 . After a while,some of my neighbours also 24 out to help. Together, we managed 25 up the mess. It was a long and tiring night, but I felt good that I did something to help. It felt great to see the community working together.
用方框内所给词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。
wait, become, go, beat, make, be, clean, play, blow, begin
Last Saturday, there 26 a heavy rainstorm. At that time, I 27 up my room. My brother 28 basketball with his friends on the playground.
The rain 29 heavily against the windows. The wind 30 strongly. Many people 31 for buses at the bus stop.
At first, I was scared. But later I 32 calm. When the rainstorm 33 to stop, the wind 34 down. We 35 up the streets after the rainstorm.
请从方框中选择单词并用其正确形式填空，每空一词，每词限用一次。有两词多余。
excited, they, when, help, decide, strong, change, feel, but, should, safe, with
Nature has a powerful temper. When I was young, I was 36 in storms and rain. I liked to watch the sky and learn about 37 .
One day, my mom asked me, “ 38 you grow up, what do you want to do ”
I said, “I want to 39 people stay safe in bad weather.” I 40 to be a weather watcher.
Years later, I grew 41 and healthier. My dream never 42 . My 43 for nature became strong. It was not easy, 44 I kept working hard. I knew I 45 face difficulties and never give up.
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整、正确。（每个单词限用一次）
nature, protect, danger, important, when, aware, prepare, sudden, organize, survive
Last month, our school 46 a field trip to a forest. One day, while we were walking, the weather changed 47 . A heavy rainstorm came. We quickly ran to a cave to take shelter. We were glad that we had 48 enough food and water. 49 the storm passed, we went out. We saw some trees had fallen down. It was very 50 to walk in the forest at that time. We realized the 51 of protecting the forest. The forest plays an important role in keeping the balance of 52 . We should take action to 53 the environment. We also learned how to 54 in the wild. For example, we should keep calm and find a safe place. This experience made us more 55 of the importance of living in harmony with nature.
参考答案
1．We should not use a lift. 2．Because accidents may happen when many people rush into a crowded stair. 3．We should hide ourselves under a table and stay away from windows. 4．We can learn more about earthquake safety and make an emergency plan. 5．任何东西都不如你的生命珍贵。
【导语】本文介绍地震发生时的自救方法，包括快速撤离、寻找安全地点、珍惜生命和保持冷静这几点建议。
1．第二段指出：“Don’t use a lift. It may be very dangerous.”，直接提取不应该选择的方式。
2．第二段说明：“You should be careful and try not to fall down when you go downstairs. Accidents may happen when many people rush into a crowded stairs.”，解释了避免摔倒的原因，概括得出答案。
3．第三段提到：“If you can’t leave in time, you should hide yourselves under a table and stay away from windows.”，直接提取对应的做法。
4．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，可结合生活常识说出预防措施。
5．“Anything is less valuable than your lives”意为“任何东西都不如你的生命珍贵”。Anything“任何东西”，作主语；is“是”，作系动词，句子为一般现在时；less valuable than“不如……珍贵”，作表语；your lives“你的生命”，作比较状语。
6．It caused many large forest fires. 7．They transported supplies and firefighters. 8．The hard work of the motorcyclists. 9．They had good motorcycle skills, so they could ride on the poor mountain roads. 10．We young people should join in protecting our community when disasters come. (言之有理即可)
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了2022年8月重庆因持续高温干旱引发森林火灾，消防员与众多年轻摩托车手齐心协力参与灭火的故事。
6．第一段明确提到“Because of the hot and dry weather, large forest fires swept through many parts of the city.”，这说明高温干旱引发的直接问题是森林火灾。
7．第三段和第四段分别提到他们“transported supplies for the firefighters”以及“helped transport firefighters to certain places”，这说明李新和他的团队为消防队员运送物资，还帮助运送消防队员到某些地方。
8．第五段描述了摩托车手们走山路、背物资、摔倒受伤、中暑、缺少睡眠但精神饱满，这些都是他们遇到的困难与付出的努力。
9． 从第五段中“They rode on the poor mountain roads”和第六段中“Besides riding on the difficult roads”可以看出，摩托车能走山路、到达其他车辆无法到达的地方，这是他们的主要优势。
10．全文体现了摩托车手们勇敢、有责任感、团队合作、无私奉献的精神。答案不唯一，言之有理即可。参考答案为We young people should join in protecting our community when disasters come.
11．By pressing both hands together at the chest. 12．Long blouses and skirts. 13．(It lasts) for two or three hours. 14．(We should pay attention to) different cultures/manners (in different countries). 15．Yes. Because they help us get on well with others. (答案不唯一，言之有理即可)
【导语】本文主要介绍了世界不同国家在问候、着装、用餐、社交等方面的不同礼仪习俗，说明各地行为规范存在差异，提醒人们入乡随俗。
11．第二段明确指出“In Thailand, people greet each other by pressing both hands together at the chest”，可知泰国人在互相问候时是双手合十于胸前表示尊重，答案是原文直接信息。
12．第三段“In a Muslim country, women should wear long blouses and skirts.”表明穆斯林国家的女性需穿长款上衣和长裙，可直接提取原文信息。
13．第四段“In Spain, lunch is often the biggest meal of the day, and can last two or three hours.”明确说明西班牙午餐常持续两到三小时，答案几乎是原文引述。
14．结合第一段结尾“We live in a global village, but this doesn’t mean that we all behave in the same way.”、第二段开头“How should we behave when you meet someone for the first time ”及文章中心思想可知，住在地球村需要留意不同地区的不同礼仪，答案可整合为“(We should pay attention to) different cultures/manners (in different countries)”。
15．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，基于文中对不同礼仪重要性的描述，结合文章内容与自己对“不同礼仪”的看法，合理作答即可。
16．because 17．Suddenly 18．beating 19．a 20．myself 21．minutes 22．in 23．branches 24．came 25．to clean
【导语】本文作者回忆了自己在一场强暴风雨中的经历，他和邻居们一起清理了被狂风刮倒的树木造成的混乱。
16．句意：我无法忘记发生的事，因为那对我来说太可怕了。前后句为因果关系，前句是“无法忘记”，后句是“原因（太可怕）”，用连词because引导原因状语从句。
17．句意：我正要睡着，突然，我听到一声巨响。此处需要副词修饰整个句子，表示“突然地”，形容词sudden变为副词Suddenly（首字母大写，位于句首）。
18．句意：风正拍打着窗户。本句为过去进行时（was/were+现在分词），beat表示“拍打、撞击”，其现在分词为beating，符合“风持续拍打窗户”的语境。
19．句意：令我惊讶的是，我看到邻居花园里的一棵树倒了。tree是可数名词单数，此处表示“一棵树”，用不定冠词a修饰。
20．句意：我意识到我应该自己做点什么。固定搭配by oneself表示“独自、靠自己”，主语是I，对应的反身代词为myself。
21．句意：雨太大了，几分钟内我就完全湿透了。a few后接可数名词复数，minute表示“分钟”，复数形式为minutes，a few minutes意为“几分钟”。
22．句意：除了雨声和风声，在社区里几乎一片寂静。表示“在……（区域）内”用介词in，in the neighbourhood是固定搭配，意为“在社区里”。
23．句意：我尽最大努力移开一些树枝。some后接可数名词复数，branch表示“树枝”，复数形式为branches，符合“树倒后留下树枝”的语境。
24．句意：过了一会儿，我的一些邻居也出来帮忙。全文为一般过去时，come out表示“出来”，come的过去式为came。
25．句意：我们一起设法清理了混乱。固定搭配manage to do sth.表示“设法做成某事”，clean up意为“清理”，此处用不定式to clean。
26．was 27．was making 28．was playing 29．was beating 30．was blowing 31．were waiting 32．became 33．began 34．went 35．cleaned
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要以时间为线索，记录了上周六发生的一场暴雨及前后的经历。
26．句意：上周六，有一场大暴雨。此处考查there be句型，根据时间状语“Last Saturday”可知，句子是一般过去时，主语“a heavy rainstorm”是单数，be动词用was。
27．句意：那时，我正在整理我的房间。根据空后的“up”和所给词语可知，此处考查固定表达make up one’s room，意为“整理我的房间”。时间状语是“At that time”，句子用过去进行时，其结构是“was/were +动词的现在分词”，主语是“I”，be动词用was，make的现在分词是making。
28．句意：我哥哥/弟弟正在操场和他的朋友们打篮球。根据空后的“basketball”和所给词语可知，此处考查固定短语play basketball，意为“打篮球”。句子陈述的是暴风雨来临时正在发生的动作，用过去进行时，其结构是“was/were +动词的现在分词”，主语“My brother”是第三人称单数，be动词用was，play的现在分词是playing。
29．句意：雨正猛烈地敲打在窗户上。根据空后的“against”和所给词语可知，此处是说“雨正打在窗户上”，beat符合语境，意为“打”，是动词，根据下文“人们正在公交车站等车”，可知这一系列动作都是过去正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，主语“rain”是不可数名词，be动词用was，beat的现在分词是beating。
30．句意：风猛烈地刮着。根据“wind”和所给词语可知，此处是blow，意为“吹；刮”，是动词，根据下文“人们正在公交车站等车”，可知这一系列动作都是过去正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，主语“wind”是不可数名词，be动词用was，blow的现在分词是blowing。
31．句意：许多人们正在公共汽车站等公交车。根据“for buses at the bus stop”可知，此处考查固定短语wait for，意为“等待；等候”，此处表示雨敲打窗户，风猛烈地刮时，人们正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，其结构是“was/were +动词的现在分词”，主语“people”是复数，be动词用were，wait的现在分词是waiting。
32．句意：但后来我变得平静下来。calm意为“冷静的；平静的”，是形容词，结合所给词语，此处become符合语境，become calm意为“变得平静”，此处叙述的是过去的事情，句子用一般过去时，become动词用became。
33．句意：当暴风雨开始结束的时候，风逐渐消失。根据空后的“to end”和所给词语可知，此处考查短语begin to do sth.，意为“开始做某事”，此处叙述的是过去的事情，句子用一般过去时，begin的过去式是began。
34．句意：当暴风雨开始停下来的时候，风逐渐消失。根据空后的“down”和所给词语，此处考查固定短语go down，意为“平息、停止”，此处叙述的是过去的事情，句子用一般过去时，go的过去式是went。
35．句意：我们在暴风雨后打扫街道。根据空后的“up”和所给词语可知，此处考查固定短语clean up，意为“打扫”，符合“暴风雨后打扫街道”的语境。此处叙述的是过去的事情，句子用一般过去时，clean的过去式是cleaned。
36．excited 37．them 38．When 39．help 40．decided 41．stronger 42．changed 43．feeling 44．but 45．should
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者从小对自然（尤其是暴风雨）的热爱，以及由此产生的梦想——成为一名气象观察员，并为之努力奋斗的过程。
36．句意：当我还小的时候，我经常在暴风雨中玩耍。根据语境，“我”在暴风雨和雨中应该是感到“兴奋的”，所以填excited。
37．句意：我喜欢仰望天空，了解它们。learn about后面接宾语，这里指代前面的storms and rain，用宾格them。
38．句意：有一天，我妈妈问我：“当你长大了，你想做什么？”根据句子结构，这里需要一个引导时间状语从句的连词，When表示“当……时候”，符合语境，所以填When。
39．句意：我说：“我想帮助人们在恶劣天气中保持安全。”根据“stay safe in bad weather”可知，是想“帮助”人们在恶劣天气中保持安全，“help sb. do sth.”，所以填help。
40．句意：我决定成为一名气象观测员。根据语境，作者“决定”成为一名气象观测员，“decide to do sth.”表示“决定做某事”，文章时态是一般过去时，所以填decided。
41．句意：多年后，我长得更强壮、更健康了。and连接两个并列的比较级，healthier提示前面也用比较级，strong的比较级是stronger，所以填stronger。
42．句意：我的梦想从未改变。根据“My dream never...”可知，“我”的梦想从未“改变”，文章时态是一般过去时，所以填changed。
43．句意：我对大自然的情感变得强烈。My后面接名词，feeling for表示“对……的感觉”，所以填feeling。
44．句意：这并不容易，但我一直在努力工作。“It was not easy”和“I kept working hard”之间是转折关系，所以填but。
45．句意：我知道我应该面对困难，永不放弃。根据语境，“我”知道“应该”面对困难，永不放弃，should表示“应该”，所以填should。
46．organized 47．suddenly 48．prepared 49．When 50．dangerous 51．importance 52．nature 53．protect 54．survive 55．aware
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了学校组织去森林郊游的故事。
46．句意：上个月，我们学校组织了去森林郊游。空缺处应为动词，作谓语。宾语是“a field trip”，动词“organize”符合逻辑。由句首的“Last month”可知，句子是一般过去时态，organize的过去式是organized。
47．句意：一天，当我们走在路上，天气突然变了。空缺处应为副词，修饰前面的动词“changed”。由“A heavy rainstorm came”可知，天气是突然转变的，填suddenly。
48．句意：我们很高兴，我们准备了充足的食物和水。根据后文“enough food and water”可知，他们提前“准备了”食物和水。时态为一般过去时，prepare的过去分词为prepared。
49．句意：当暴风雨过去的时候，我们出去了。空缺处应为连词，引导后面的时间状语从句。句首首字母大写。故填When。
50．句意：在那时，走在森林里非常危险。此处需要一个形容词，在句中作表语。根据“some trees had fallen down”可知，树木倒下后行走是“危险的”。danger的形容词形式为dangerous。
51．句意：我们意识到保护森林的重要性。此处需要一个名词，在句中作宾语。根据“We realized the...of protecting the forest”可知，他们意识到了保护森林的“重要性”。important的名词形式为importance。
52．句意：森林在保持自然平衡中起着重要的作用。“the balance of”后接名词或动名词。森林维持的是“自然”的平衡，“nature”意为“自然”，符合语境。
53．句意：我们应该采取行动去保护环境。“take action to do sth”意为“采取行动做某事”，to后用动词原形。采取行动是为了“保护”环境。protect意为“保护”，符合语境。
54．句意：我们也学会如何在野外生存。“how to do sth”意为“如何做某事”，空缺处应填动词原形。本文主要讲述了学校组织森林郊游，作者和同学们突然遇到暴风雨的经历。通过这次经历，他们应该学会如何在野外生存。故填survive。
55．句意：这次经历让我们更加意识到和大自然和谐共生的重要性。作者和同学们意识到了和大自然和谐共处的重要性。make后接形容词作宾语补足语。aware意为“意识到的”，是形容词。
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