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中考英语知识点整理一百条
1.fine (n.)罚款 (v.)对……处以罚款
key (n.)答案;关键;键
(adj.)关键的,重要的
The key to success is preparation.
book (v.)预订,订(房间、车票等)
2.no matter when=whenever no matter where=wherever
no matter who=whoever no matter what=whatever
3. separate sth. from sth.
divide sth. into...
none 既可指人又可指物,意为“没有任何人或物;一个也没有”
no one 常用于指人,相当于nobody,意为“没有人”
4. with the help of
call for help
ask for help
help sb. do sth.
help oneself to sth.
help sb. with sth.
can't help doing sth.
5.excuse sb. for doing sth.
Thank you/Thanks for sth./doing sth.
thanks to
6.建议句型
What about/How about ...
Would you like to do sth.
Shall we do ...
Would you mind doing sth.
You'd better (not) do sth.
Why don't you/Why not do sth.
Let's do...!
7. sound (adj.)酣畅的;香甜的;合理的;完好的
safe and sound安然无恙
right (adv.)正好;恰好
The bus came right on time.
8.★come up with想出;提出
★get on with和睦相处;关系良好
★compare with比较;对比
★deal with对付;应付
★with the time going by随着时间的流逝
9. end up doing 最终成为；最终处于
be about to do sth.
the cost of...……的代价
congratulate sb. on(doing) sth.因……向某人祝贺
be responsible for意为“对……负责”
10.well (n.)水井 (adv.)完全地;相当;大大地;很;远远超过
do well in在……方面干得好
get on well with与……相处融洽
He's well able to take care of himself.
11.★at first首先;最初
★first of all首先
feel free to do sth.
take/learn a lesson
12.a cool drink清凉的饮料
keep one's cool沉住气;保持冷静
cool down冷静下来
13.take sth./sb. to sp.
take the medicine
take a taxi
take it
It takes sb. some time/money to do sth.
take a walk
take a rest
take a look
14.be busy doing sth.
be busy with sth.
take place
take one's place
15.show up
show sth. to sb./show sb. sth.
on show
show sb. around
show off
16.dress up乔装打扮
dress oneself
get dressed
work out
run away
run after
run out
give sb. a ride
17. 宁愿做A，而不愿做B的几种表达：
would rather do A than do B
would do A rather than do B
prefer doing A to doing B
prefer to do A rather than do B
18.★cut down砍倒　　　　★cut up切碎
★cut off切除　　 ★cut out删除;删去
★die down逐渐变弱;逐渐消失
★turn down关小;调低;拒绝
19.race比赛
state陈述；说明
still静止的；平静的
back支持
★talk back回嘴;顶嘴
★bring back恢复;使想起
★look back on回首(往事);回忆;回顾
20.kind-kindness
ill-illness
dark-darkness
sad-sadness
happy-happiness
polite-politeness
21.lose face
in the face of
as a result结果
result in导致
22.in surprise
to one's surprise
give sb. a surprise
surprise sb.
It surprises/surprised sb. that
23.How's the weather /What's the weather like
What does sb. look like
What is sb. like
24. leave sth. sp.把某物忘在某地
leave sth. behind把...抛在后面；超过
leave sb. alone=leave sb. by oneself 留下某人一个人；不干涉某人
leave sb. sth.=leave sth. for sb.把某物交给某人
leave for sp.=go to sp.动身去某地
leave out 不包括，不提及；漏掉
ask for leave请假
25.through自始至终；从头到尾
mind记忆;智慧;思维方式
★keep in mind that记住;考虑到
★mind doing sth.介意做某事
26.seem+adj.
seem to do sth.
It seems that...
seem like
27.enough+n, enough money
adj.+enough, good enough
hardly和seldom表否定
28.how often/how long/how soon/how far/how much/how many
29.caring 体贴人的；关心他人的
★take care小心
★take care of照顾;照看
★care about关心;在意
laughter笑声
laugh at嘲笑
hand out分发
hand in提交
★break up(使)破碎
★break down发生故障;分解
★break off突然中止;中断
★take a break/take breaks休息一下
30.close亲密的
close to几乎；接近
reach sp./get to sp./arrive in/at sp.
fresh water淡水
pretty相当；漂亮的
31.as far as
as long as
as well as
as soon as
32.stand out→outstanding
work hard→hardworking
come out→outcome
speak out→outspoken
33.of one's own
on one's own
change one's mind
make up one's mind
lose one's mind
keep sth. in mind
come to mind
Would you mind doing sth
Mind the steps!
34.“make+代词/名词+形容词”意为“使……成……(状态)”
“make+宾语+名词”意为“使某人或某事(成为)……”
“make+宾语+不带to的不定式”即make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”
“make+宾语+过去分词”,即make sb./sth. done“使某人/某事被做”
35.be ready to do sth.
be/get ready for sth.
make a promise
keep a promise
break a promise
36.What do you think of...
=How do you like...
too..to...=so...that...can't/couldn't do sth.=not...enough...to do sth.
37. pull down拆下;摧毁
pull together齐心协力;通力合作
make a fool of sb. 愚弄某人
38.take part in参加
play a part参与;发挥作用
part with放弃;交出(尤指不舍得的东西)
a man of medium build
39.turn on
turn off
turn down
turn up
40.add to增加；增添
add...to...把...加到...
add up to总共；总计
41.serve sb./sth.接待某人/提供某物
serve sb.sth./serve sth. to sb.提供某人某物
serve sb.with sth.用某物招待某人
42.be filled with侧重动作
be full of侧重状态
43.catch染疾(相当于have);赶上(车、船等);理解;听懂
catch/have a cold患感冒
look forward to doing sth.
make mistakes/make a mistake犯错误
by mistake错误地;无意中
step by step逐步地
step into a new stage步入新阶段
44.prepare to do sth.
prepare for=make preparations for=get ready for
hear from意为“收到……的来信”
hear about意为“听说;听到”。指听说详细情况,相当于hear of
45.matter事态;关乎……的事情
(v.)事关紧要;要紧;有重大影响
As long as you're happy, that's all that matters.
rest剩余部分
46.get off下车
put off推迟;拖延
show off炫耀
make trouble制造麻烦
get into trouble陷入困境
have trouble in (doing) sth. (做)某事有困难
47.notice警告
blind视而不见的
open坦诚的
change零钱
imagine-imagination
48.What's wrong with sb.
What happened to sb.
What's the matter with sb.
What's the trouble with sb.
What's the problem with sb.
What's up with sb.
49.be used to doing sth.
used to do sth.
be used to do sth.
be used for doing sth.
50.raise one's hand举手
raise salaries提高薪水
raise money筹钱
raise an army组建一支部队
raise pets养宠物
The sun rises.太阳升起。
The river rises.河水上涨。
The price rises.价格上涨。
51.pass及格;合格;通过;通行证;车票;乘车证
a bus pass公共汽车乘车证
a boarding pass登机牌
52.★once in a while偶尔地;间或
while+doing
★drop by顺便访问
a drop of water一滴水
★big deal重要的事情
★deal with对付;应付
★push sb. to do sth.鞭策/督促某人做某事
pare...with...把……和……比较(常表示同类比较)
compare...to...把……比作……(常表示异类相比,比喻)
54.Why don't you do sth. =Why not do sth.
55.fight against与……作斗争;对抗
fight for为……而战斗
56.provide sb. with sth.=provide sth. for sb.
offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb.
give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb.
supply sb. with sb.=supply sth. to sb.
57.light (adj.)明亮的;轻的;浅色的
match (v.)使相配;使成对
passage (n.)通道;走廊
object (n.)目标;宾语　(v.)不赞成;反对
bright (adj.)明亮的;光线充足的;鲜艳夺目的;聪明的;有希望的
58.★stick to坚持;固守
★keep fit保持健康
★be fit for适合
★be fit to do sth.适合做某事
59.remind sb.of...
remind sb.to do sth.
remind sb.+宾语从句
60.marry sb.“与某人结婚”
marry sb. to sb.“把某人嫁给某人”
get married(to sb.)“(与某人)结婚”,强调动作
be married(to sb.)“(与某人)结婚”,强调状态
61.against prep.表示接触,意为“碰;撞;紧靠;倚”
prep.表示对抗、态度时,意为“反对,与……对抗” 反义
词为for(支持)
be against(doing)sth.反对(做)某事
prep.表示方向时,意为“与……的方向相反,逆着,迎着,顶着”
We sailed against the wind.我们逆风航行。
62.pick up 拾起,捡起；(用车)接(某人);搭载；接电话。
instead 是副词,意为“代替;而不是”。instead常用在句末,说明被代替的人或事物
instead of 是介词短语,意为“代替;反而”,但instead of后面应加上所被代替的人或事
63.★force sb. to do sth.强迫某人做某事
the exact nature of the problem问题的确切性质
treasure (v.)珍视;珍爱
land (v.)着陆;降落
keep/break the record保持/打破纪录
64.表示人口的“多”或“少”,用large或small
询问某国、某地有多少人口时,用What's the population of...
价格有高低（high and low），东西有贵贱（expensive and cheap）
65.succeed in doing sth.
success, successful, successfully
protect...from/against...
under the protection of...
66....最高级...+in/of 短语
one of the+最高级+可数名词复数形式
Who/Which...最高级,A,B or C
67.sb. +achieve+梦想/目标
realize one's dream实现某人的梦想
梦想/目标+come true
68.die of 死于内因，如衰老、疾病、情感等
die from死于外因，如事故、外伤等
69.spring春天；泉水；弹簧；跳跃
bear 承受,忍受
board 上(船、火车、飞机)等
count 计算总数;把……算入;重要
70.consider作“考虑”讲时，相当于“think about”，consider+名词/代词/动名词
consider作“认为”讲时
consider sb./sth.+(as)+名词
consider+sb./sth.+动词不定式
think of/consider/treat/look on...as...也表示“把……看成……”
regard...as...
71.learn to do sth.意为“学着做某事”
learn from...意为“向……学习;从……中学习”
learn of/about意为“得知,获悉”
learn by oneself意为“自学”
72.have/has been to+地名
have/has gone to+地名
have/has been in+地名
73.sentence (v.)判决;宣判
patient (n.)病人
(adj.)有耐心的→patience(n.)忍耐力;耐心
★be patient with对……有耐心
★take notes做笔记
★at a speed of以……的速度
★speed up加速
★be born with天生具有
★be born in出生于……(地方)
★treat sb. to a big dinner请某人吃大餐
★It's my treat!我请客!
★This/That is my business. 这/那是我的事。
74.present (v.)颁发;授予;展现;提出
(adj.)现在的;在场的　(n.)现在;礼物
at present目前
75.by作介词时,后接动词的-ing形式,表示方法、手段,意思是“通过……方式(途径)”
by的其他用法:
1).“经过(某人/某物)”
2).“在……旁边;靠近”
3).“在……之前;不迟于”
4).表示方式
5).常置于表示被动的动词后,表示实施者
6).固定短语:by the way“顺便说一下”;by accident“偶然,碰巧”;by mistake“错误地,无意中”
76.by 表示“以……方式(方法、手段)”或“乘坐某种交通工具”
with 指“借助于某种具体的工具或物品”
in 表示“以某种材料或原料”,还可以表示“用某种语言”
77.warn sb. (not) to do sth.
warn sb. of/about sth.
warn sb. against (doing) sth.
78. lie-lied-lied
lie-lay-lain
lay-laid-laid
规则说谎，不规则躺，躺过就下蛋。
79.correct (v.)改正;纠正 (adj.)正确的;恰当的;得体的
direct (v.)把……对准;指挥;指导
address (v.)演讲;称呼;处理
course 进程;经过
80.★in public公开地
★in general通常
★generally speaking总体来说
81.问路常用句型：
①Is there a...near here
②Where is...
③How can I get to...
④Which is the way to...
⑤Can you tell me the way to...
⑥Can you tell me how I get to...
指路常用句型：
①Go/Walk along this road/street.沿着这条路/街走。
②Take the second turning on the left.在第二个交叉处左拐。
③It's about...meters from here.大约离这儿有……米。
82.suggest sth.(to sb.)意为“(向某人)建议某事”
suggest doing sth.意为“建议做某事”
“suggest+that从句”意为“建议……”,从句谓语部分用(should+)do
advice为不可数名词,而suggestion为可数名词
83.fail的反义词：succeed; pass
派生词：failure
短语：fail the exam
fail to do sth.
84.(1)require sth.
(2)require doing/to be done,意为“需要被……”
(3)require+that从句,从句中谓语用(should+)动词原形,其中should可以省略
(4)require sb. to do sth.需要某人做某事
85.take pride in be proud of
86.process (v.)加工;处理;审阅,审核
form/develop the habit of养成……习惯
complete (adj.)完成的;完全的
mention (v.)提到;说到
★Don't mention it.不客气/不用谢。
★mention to提到;提及
somebody (n.)重要人物
nobody 小人物
87.without doubt毫无疑问
no doubt很可能,无疑
be in doubt拿不准
88.常见的系动词:
六变化:get, turn, become, grow, go, come
五感觉:look, sound, smell, taste, feel
三保持:keep, stay, remain
89.It is said that
It is reported that
It is known that
It is believed that
90.be made of 意为“由……制成”,从制成品中可以看出原材料
be made from 意为“由……制成”,制成的物品完全失去了原材料的外形或特征,或原材料在制作的过程中发生了化学变化,在成品中已经无法辨认
be made into 意为“被制成……”,into后接制成品
be made in 意为“在某地被制造”,in后接地点
be made by 意为“被……制造”,by后接执行这个动作的人或方式
be made up of 意为“由……组成”,通常指由许多部分组成
91.be known for 因为……而出名。介词for后面接表示原因的名词,相当于be famous for
be known as 作为……而出名。介词as后跟表示身份或职业的名词,相当于be famous as
92.field 专业;学科;领域
★give sb. a lift让某人搭便车
93.◆regret+n./pron.意为“后悔,对……表示歉意”
◆regret+that/wh-从句,意为“后悔,遗憾……”
◆regret+to do意为“很遗憾地做……”
◆regret+v.-ing意为“后悔做了某事”
94.support sb./sth.(in sth.)(在……方面)支持某人/某事
in support of支持
manage to do sth.设法做成某事
prevent...(from) doing sth. “防止……做某事;阻止……做某事”
stop/prevent sb. from doing sth.中的from可省略,意思不变。
keep sb. from doing sth.中的from不能省略,如果省略后就变为keep sb. doing sth.,意为“使某人一直做某事”。
95.★in one's spare/free time在某人的空闲时间
★spare one's time to do sth.某人抽出时间做某事
★in total总共;合计
★capital city首都
★knock at/on敲(门、窗等)
96.prefer...to... 相比……更喜欢……
prefer to do sth. 更喜欢做某事
prefer doing A to doing B 和做B事相比,更喜欢做A事
prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A事也不愿做B事
97.sth. be worth doing“值得做某事”
be worth+价钱“值多少钱”
be worth+名词“值得……”
98.(1)suppose+that从句,意为“认为……”
(2)be supposed to do sth.应该做某事
(3)suppose sb./sth. to be sth.料想/认为某人/某物……
99.praise sb. for(doing) sth.因
(做)某事表扬某人
in praise of赞扬……
sing one's praises高度赞扬……
100.make sense讲得通;有意义;有道理
make sense of理解,弄懂
have a sense of direction/responsibility/humor有方向感/责任感/幽默感

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