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高中英语写作提升之五大扩句法则
法则一：增加非谓语动词作状语或定语
规则精讲
doing：表主动、伴随、顺承、结果
done：表被动、完成、状态
to do：表目的、出乎意料的结果
位置：句首 / 句中 / 句末均可，作状语表原因、结果、方式、目的。
例句赏析 & 英译汉
Struggling to his feet, the boy continued to run toward the finishing line.
Inspired by his teachers, he was determined to overcome the difficulty.
汉译英（高级表达）
听到这个令人心碎的消息，女孩忍不住泪流满面。
被朋友们包围着，他感到前所未有的温暖。
仿写升级
原句：When he saw the scene, he was deeply touched.
用非谓语改写：
法则二：增加状语从句或定语从句
规则精讲
定语从句：用 who/which/where/when/whose/prep+which 替换简单修饰，体现紧凑逻辑。
状语从句：优先使用 when/though/as if/because/in case 等，让逻辑更高级。
例句赏析 & 英译汉
There is no denying that hard work is the key that leads to success.
Even if he faces countless failures, he never loses faith in himself.
汉译英
任何付出努力的人都有望实现自己的梦想。
虽然任务极具挑战性，他们还是下定决心按时完成。
仿写升级
原句：The story moved us a lot. It took place in a small village.
合并成定语从句：
法则三：使用名词性从句替代简单名词
规则精讲
用 主语从句 / 宾语从句 / 表语从句 / 同位语从句 替代普通名词，句式瞬间学术、高级。
高频：What matters is that… / What surprises us is that… / The fact is that…
例句赏析 & 英译汉
What matters most is that we should keep a positive attitude toward life.
I firmly believe that nothing can stop us from chasing our dreams.
汉译英
他在比赛中失败的原因是他缺乏自信。
我们能为他人做些什么将决定我们的人生价值。
仿写升级
原句：He succeeded. It was because he never gave up.
改写为表语从句：
法则四：增加形容词 (短语) 或评注性副词作状语
规则精讲
形容词 / 形容词短语：直接作伴随 / 原因状语，体现心理、状态、神情。
评注性状语：Obviously / Undoubtedly / Amazingly / Strangely enough 直接提升档次。
例句赏析 & 英译汉
Anxious and depressed, he wandered aimlessly along the river.
Undoubtedly, this experience will shape our character and benefit our future.
汉译英
又累又饿，他几乎走不动了。
幸运的是，有人及时伸出了援助之手。
仿写升级
原句：He was relieved. He sat down and took a deep breath.
用形容词短语改写：
法则五：使用 with 复合结构作状语或定语
规则精讲
高级结构：
with + 宾语 + doing（主动进行）
with + 宾语 + done（被动完成）
with + 宾语 + adj./adv./prep. 短语（状态）
常用于：环境描写、心理描写、伴随场景，读后续写万能加分。
例句赏析 & 英译汉
With tears rolling down his cheeks, he expressed his sincere gratitude.
She stood there silently, with her head bowed.
汉译英
随着太阳落山，天空被染成了金色。
他双手颤抖，几乎说不出话来。
仿写升级
原句：The rain stopped. A rainbow appeared in the sky.
用 with 结构改写：
答案
法则一 非谓语动词
例句英译汉
挣扎着站起来，男孩继续朝着终点线跑去。
受到老师们的鼓舞，他下定决心克服困难。
汉译英
Hearing the heartbreaking news, the girl couldn’t help bursting into tears.
Surrounded by his friends, he felt warmer than ever before.
仿写
Seeing the scene, he was deeply touched.
法则二 定语从句 & 状语从句
例句英译汉
毋庸置疑，努力是通往成功的关键。
即使面临无数次失败，他也从未对自己失去信心。
汉译英
Anyone who makes efforts is likely to achieve his dreams.
Though the task is extremely challenging, they are determined to finish it on time.
仿写
The story that took place in a small village moved us a lot.
法则三 名词性从句
例句英译汉
最重要的是，我们应该对生活保持积极的态度。
我坚信，没有什么能阻止我们追逐梦想。
汉译英
The reason why he failed in the competition is that he lacked confidence.
What we can do for others will determine the value of our life.
仿写
The reason why he succeeded was that he never gave up.
法则四 形容词短语 & 评注副词
例句英译汉
既焦虑又沮丧，他沿着河边漫无目的地徘徊。
毫无疑问，这段经历将塑造我们的品格，使我们终身受益。
汉译英
Tired and hungry, he could hardly walk any further.
Fortunately, someone offered a helping hand in time.
仿写
Relieved, he sat down and took a deep breath.
法则五 with 复合结构
例句英译汉
泪水顺着脸颊滑落，他表达了自己真挚的谢意。
她静静地站在那里，低着头。
汉译英
With the sun setting, the sky was painted golden.
With his hands trembling, he could barely speak a word.
仿写
With the rain stopped, a rainbow appeared in the sky.

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