资源简介

(共19张PPT)
UNIT 1　Knowing me,knowing you
(单元主题语境：人与社会——人际关系)
Section Ⅱ　Using language
过去分词作状语
一、过去分词作状语的基本概念
[感知]
1．Encouraged by his words，I agreed to give it a try.
＝Because I was encouraged by his words，I agreed to give it a try.
受到他的话的鼓舞，我同意试一试。
2．Praised by his teacher，the boy was very happy.
＝When he was praised by his teacher，the boy was very happy.
受到老师夸奖的时候，这个男孩很开心。
3．Given more time，we are sure to finish the task.
＝If we are given more time，we are sure to finish the task.
假如多给点时间，我们一定能完成任务。
[归纳]
1．过去分词引导的短语作状语修饰谓语动词或整个句子时，可以表示时间、让步、条件、原因、方式和伴随状况等意义，相当于一个状语从句。
2．过去分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语为主句的主语，且与主句的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系。如句1中，encouraged的逻辑主语为主句的主语I，即“我受到他的话的鼓舞”。
二、过去分词作状语的基本类型
[感知]
1．Asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
＝When Philip was asked for his views about his teaching job, he said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
当被问到对教学工作的看法时，菲利普说他觉得教学既有趣又有意义。
2．Absorbed in painting，John didn't notice evening approaching.
＝Because John was absorbed in painting，he didn't notice evening approaching.
＝John was absorbed in painting，so he didn't notice evening approaching.
由于专心画画，约翰没有注意到夜幕降临了。
3．Used with care，one tin will last for six weeks.
＝If it is used with care，one tin will last for six weeks.
如果小心使用，一罐可以使用六周时间。
4．Defeated by his opponent, he never gave up any hope.
＝Although he was defeated by his opponent, he never gave up any hope.
尽管他被对手击败了，但是他从未放弃希望。
5．She accepted the gift, deeply moved.
＝She accepted the gift，and she was deeply moved.
她接受了礼物，深受感动。
[归纳]
1．过去分词(短语)作时间状语时，相当于一个表示时间的状语从句，可在过去分词前加上连词when、while、until等，说明动作发生的时间。
2．过去分词(短语)作原因状语时，相当于一个表示原因的状语从句或并列句。
3．过去分词(短语)作条件状语时，相当于一个条件状语从句，表示假设，可在过去分词前加上连词if、unless等转换成条件状语从句。
4．过去分词(短语)作让步状语时，相当于一个让步状语从句。有时可加although、though、even if、even though等连词转换成让步状语从句。
5．过去分词(短语)作方式、伴随状语时，相当于and连接的并列句，表示一种伴随的动作。
一些形容词化的过去分词作状语时，不强调被动，而重在描述主语的状态。这类过去分词(短语)常见的有seated、hidden、lost/absorbed in、dressed in、concerned等。例如：
Concerned about his son's safety，he couldn't fall asleep.
由于担心儿子的安全，他难以入眠。
[即练]
单句填空
1． (locate) in the south of China, Sanya is a major port city of Hainan Province.
2． (recognize) as the capital city of China, Beijing is a city you can never miss.
3． (surround) by many tall trees and beautiful flowers, our school looks beautiful.
4．Officially (open) in June 2016, it is the sixth Disney theme park in the world.
Located
Recognized
Surrounded
opened
三、过去分词作状语时的位置
[感知]
1．Greatly inspired by the teachers' words，he made up his mind to work at English even harder.(原因状语)
受到老师的话的极大鼓舞，他决定更加努力地学习英语。
2．The old man walked into the room，supported by his son.(方式状语)
老人在他儿子的搀扶下走进了房间。
[归纳]
1．过去分词(短语)作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放在句首。
2．过去分词(短语)作伴随、让步或方式状语时，可放在句首或句末。
过去分词作状语的注意事项
①过去分词作状语时，前面可带有连词，如when、while、if、though、as if、unless等，构成“连词＋过去分词”结构，以使句意表达得更清楚。例如：
Unless constantly reminded，the teenagers easily let off steam online.
除非有人不断提醒他们，否则这些青少年很容易在网上发泄情绪。
When asked why she came here，the girl held her breath and kept silent.
当被问到为何来这儿时，那个女孩屏住呼吸，沉默不语。
He let out a cry as if bitten by a snake.
他大叫起来，好像被蛇咬了。
②过去分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与主句的主语保持一致，否则需要加上自己的主语，构成独立主格结构。例如：
The signal given，the bus started at once.
信号一发出，公共汽车就立刻开动了。(“The signal given”为独立主格结构，该独立结构的主语是“The signal”，而整个句子的主语是the bus，二者相互独立。)
四、过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别
[感知]
1．Used for a long time，the book looks old.(动宾关系)
由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。
2．Using the book，I find it very useful.(主谓关系)
在使用这本书时，我发现它很有用。
[归纳]
形式 与主语的关系 含义
过去分词 动宾关系 被动
现在分词 主谓关系 主动
[即练]
单句填空
1．Clearly and thoughtfully (write), the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.
2．Time， (use) correctly, is money in the bank.
3．When (give) a medical examination，you should keep calm.
4． (look) out of the window, he found that many people had gathered on the street.
5． (blame) for the breakdown of the school computer network, John was in low spirits.
written
used
given
Looking
Blamed
用所给词的适当形式填空
1． (equip) with various high-tech devices, the newly
2. (design) robots can help people with physical tasks and many other social services, 3. (make) our life more convenient and easier. For example, 4. (give) a certain instruction, a service robot can help move objects from one place to another within a home. It can also help the person to contact his or her doctor or give the person daily reminders. 5. (employ) by families with children, a
Equipped
designed
making
given
Employed
service robot can make the time parents spend 6. (do) household chores 7. (reduce)．It might also make parents less 8._________
(worry), because they know that glassware, for example, won't be possibly broken by children when 9. (collect) by a service robot. 10. (design) with such functions，service robots are gaining wide popularity in the world.
doing
reduced
worried
collected
Designed

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