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Unit 7 Space exploration
初中英语沪教版八年级下册单词讲解
Vocabulary
beef /bi f/ n. 牛肉
seafood / si fu d/ n. 海鲜
afford / f d/ v. 承担得起（后果）
mistake /m ste k/ n. 错误；失误
stick /st k/ v. 粘；贴
hit /h t/ v. 碰撞；撞击
gym /d m/ n. 健身房
destroy /d str / v. 摧毁
average / v r d / adj. 平均的
probable / pr b bl/ adj. 很可能发生（或存在等）的
select /s lekt/ v. 挑选；选拔
spaceflight / spe sfla t/ n. 航天；宇宙飞行
Vocabulary
serve /s v/ v. 为……工作；服务
deliver /d l v (r)/ v. 传送；运载
supplies /s pla z/ n. [pl.] 补给；补给品
point /p nt/ n. 时刻；阶段
lab /l b/ n. 实验室
— — — Unit 7 — — —
Words and expressions
beef
/bi f/
n. 牛肉
词性
变换
- beefy adj. 健壮的；结实的
- beefsteak n. 牛排
短语
- roast beef 烤牛肉
- beef noodles 牛肉面
例句
1. Astronauts can eat specially prepared beef in space.
宇航员在太空中可以食用特制的牛肉。
2. I like eating beef because it gives me energy.
我喜欢吃牛肉，因为它能给我补充能量。
seafood
/ si fu d/
n. 海鲜；海味
词性
变换
- seafood-based adj. 以海鲜为主的
短语
- fresh seafood 新鲜海鲜
- seafood restaurant 海鲜餐厅
例句
1. Seafood is not usually served on space missions.
太空任务中通常不提供海鲜。
2. Some people are allergic to seafood.
有些人对海鲜过敏。
afford
/ f d/
v. 承担得起（后果）；买得起；抽得出（时间）
词性
变换
- affordable adj. 负担得起的；平价的
短语
- afford to do sth. 承担得起做某事
- can't afford sth. 买不起某物
例句
1. You can't afford to make mistakes in a space mission.
在太空任务中，你承担不起犯错的后果。
2. We can't afford to waste water or electricity.
我们浪费不起水和电。
mistake
/m ste k/
n. 错误；失误
v. 弄错；误解
词性
变换
- mistaken adj. 错误的；被误解的
短语
- make a mistake 犯错误
- by mistake 错误地；无意中
例句
1. A small mistake can be dangerous in space.
在太空中，一个小错误都可能很危险。
2. He took my umbrella by mistake.
他错拿了我的雨伞。
stick
/st k/
v. 粘；贴；卡住；坚持
n. 棍；棒
词性
变换
- sticks v. 粘；贴
- stuck v. 粘；贴
短语
- stick to sth. 坚持某事
- stick together 粘在一起
例句
1. Things don't stick together easily in space because there's no gravity.
因为没有重力，东西在太空中不容易粘在一起。
2. Stick the label on the bottle carefully.
小心地把标签贴在瓶子上。
hit
/h t/
v. 碰撞；撞击；击中
n. 一击；撞击
词性
变换
- hits v. 碰撞；击中
- hit v. 碰撞；击中
短语
- hit sth. 撞到某物
- hit the target 击中目标
例句
1. Space junk can hit satellites and cause serious problems.
太空垃圾可能撞击卫星并造成严重问题。
2. The ball hit the window and broke it.
球撞到了窗户，把它打碎了。
gym
/d m/
n. 健身房；体育馆
词性
变换
- gym-based adj. 以健身房为基础的
- gymnastics n. 体操；体育
短语
- go to the gym 去健身房
- gym class 体育课
例句
1. Astronauts exercise in the gym on the space station to stay healthy.
宇航员在空间站的健身房锻炼以保持健康。
2. I go to the gym three times a week.
我每周去三次健身房。
destroy
/d str /
v. 摧毁；破坏；毁灭
词性
变换
- destructive adj. 破坏性的；毁灭性的
- destruction n. 破坏；毁灭
短语
- destroy pletely 彻底摧毁某物
- destroy the environment 破坏环境
例句
1. A large piece of space junk could destroy a satellite.
一块大的太空垃圾可能摧毁一颗卫星。
2. The storm destroyed many houses in the village.
暴风雨摧毁了村里的许多房屋。
average
/ v r d /
adj. 平均的；普通的
n. 平均数；平均水平
词性
变换
- on adv. average 平均来看
短语
- the average age 平均年龄
- above/below average 高于/低于平均水平
例句
1. The average time astronauts spend in space is about six months.
宇航员在太空的平均停留时间约为六个月。
2. On average, I sleep eight hours a day.
我平均每天睡八个小时。
probable
/ pr b bl/
adj. 很可能发生（或存在等）的；大概的
词性
变换
- probably adv. 大概；很可能
- probability n. 可能性；概率
短语
- it is probable that... 很可能……
- the probable cause 可能的原因
例句
1. It is probable that we will send more people to space in the future.
未来我们很可能会送更多的人进入太空。
2. The probable cause of the problem is a lack of fuel.
问题可能的原因是燃料不足。
select
/s lekt/
v. 挑选；选拔；选择
词性
变换
- selection n. 选择；挑选
- selective adj. 有选择性的；挑剔的
短语
- select sb. for sth. 选拔某人做某事
- select from 从……中挑选
例句
1. Only the best people are selected to become astronauts.
只有最优秀的人才会被选为宇航员。
2. She selected a book from the shelf to read.
她从书架上选了一本书来读。
spaceflight
/ spe sfla t/
n. 航天；宇宙飞行
词性
变换
- spacefaring adj. 航天的；太空旅行的
短语
- human spaceflight 载人航天
- a spaceflight mission 航天任务
例句
1. The history of human spaceflight began in the 20th century.
人类航天的历史始于20世纪。
2. The first spaceflight was a huge success.
第一次宇宙飞行取得了巨大成功。
serve
/s v/
v. 为……工作；服务；供应；服役
词性
变换
- service n. 服务；服役
- serving adj. 上菜的；服务的
短语
- serve the people 为人民服务
- serve as 担任；充当
例句
1. The satellite serves as a communication tool for the astronauts.
这颗卫星是宇航员的通讯工具。
2. He served in the army for three years.
他在军队服役了三年。
deliver
/d l v (r)/
v. 传送；运载；递送；交付
词性
变换
- delivery n. 递送；交付
- deliverable adj. 可交付的
短语
- deliver sth. to sb. 把某物递送给某人
- deliver a speech 发表演讲
例句
1. The rocket will deliver supplies to the space station.
火箭将把补给品送到空间站。
2. The postman delivers letters every day.
邮递员每天送信。
supplies
/s pla z/
n. [pl.] 补给；补给品；供应物
词性
变换
- supply v. 供应；提供
- supply n. 供应；供给
短语
- medical supplies 医疗用品
- food supplies 食物补给
例句
1. The astronauts need fresh supplies every few months.
宇航员每隔几个月就需要新鲜的补给。
2. The campers took enough supplies for a week.
露营者带了足够一周用的补给品。
point
/p nt/
n. 时刻；阶段；点；分数
v. 指向；指出
词性
变换
- pointed adj. 尖的；锐利的
短语
- at this point 在这一点上；此时此刻
- the turning point 转折点
例句
1. At this point, the rocket will leave the Earth's atmosphere.
在这个时刻，火箭将离开地球大气层。
2. She pointed to the map and showed me the way.
她指着地图给我指路。
lab
/l b/
n. 实验室（laboratory的缩写）
词性
变换
- laboratory n. 实验室（全称）
短语
- science lab 科学实验室
- lab experiment 实验室实验
例句
1. Scientists do experiments in the lab to prepare for space travel.
科学家们在实验室里做实验，为太空旅行做准备。
2. We have chemistry lessons in the lab every week.
我们每周都在实验室上化学课。
— — — Unit 7 — — —
Exercises
一、根据句意及汉语或首字母提示完成单词。
1. The astronauts need to exercise in the ____ (健身房) every day to stay fit.
2. Space junk can ___ (碰撞；撞击) a spacecraft and cause serious damage.
3. We can't ______ (承担得起) to waste any supplies in space.
4. A small _______ (错误；失误) could be dangerous during a spaceflight.
5. The rocket is scheduled to ________ (起飞) at dawn tomorrow.
gym
hit
afford
mistake
take off
一、根据句意及汉语或首字母提示完成单词。
6. Scientists are doing experiments in the ___ (实验室) to prepare for future space missions.
7. It is ________ (很可能) that humans will live on Mars one day.
8. They will ______ (挑选) the best candidates to become astronauts.
9. The satellite will _______ (传送) important data back to Earth.
10. Astronauts rely on regular ________ (补给) from Earth.
lab
probable
select
deliver
supplies
二、用单词的适当形式填空
1. A strong collision with space junk can _______ (destroy)a satellite completely.
2.The poster _____ (stick) to the wall because of the special adhesive.
3. ________(probable), the next space mission will be launched in two months.
4.The committee has ________ (select) three astronauts for the upcoming mission.
5.The company is responsible for __________ (deliver)food supplies to the space station.
destroy
stuck
Probably
selected
delivering
二、用单词的适当形式填空
6. Making a small _______ (mistake)in space can have serious consequences.
7.This machine ______ (serve) as a communication tool between Earth and the space station.
8. The _______ (average)duration of a space mission is about six months.
9. Yesterday, a piece of space junk ___ (hit) an old satellite.
10.The astronauts need fresh ________ (supply) every three months.
mistake
serves
average
hit
supplies
三、选词填空
afford, hit, deliver, select, supplies
(请从方框中选择合适单词填入空格，每词限用一次)
1. The space agency will ______ the most suitable candidates for the mission.
2. Astronauts cannot ______ to make careless mistakes in space.
3. A large fragment of space junk could ___ the satellite and damage it.
4. The rocket is designed to _______ food and medical items to the space station.
5. Regular shipments of ________ are essential for the survival of astronauts in space.
select
afford
hit
deliver
supplies
See You!

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