资源简介

(共25张PPT)
UNIT 1　Laugh out loud!
(单元主题语境：人与自我——幽默与喜剧)
Section Ⅱ　Using language
非限制性定语从句
定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。非限制性定语从句在句中起补充说明作用，与主句之间一般用逗号隔开，常常单独翻译。没有它，主句意思仍然完整。
一、非限制性定语从句的引导词
[感知]
1．My father，who is an excellent violinist，is giving a concert next month.
我的爸爸下个月准备开一场音乐会，他是一名出色的小提琴手。
2．My name is Li Hua，whom you taught oral English when I was in Senior 1.
我的名字叫李华，我在高一的时候你教过我英语口语。
3．(2023·全国甲卷)Grizzly bears，which may grow to about 2.5 m long and weigh over 400 kg，occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche—we revere them even as they give us frightening dreams.
灰熊可以长到2.5米长，体重超过400千克，在美国人的心中占据着一个矛盾的角落——我们敬畏它们，即使它们会给我们带来可怕的梦。
4．I wanted to be a fireman，whose uniform looked so cool.
我想成为一名消防员，消防员的制服看起来很酷。
5．(2023·全国甲卷)It's good to eat things at the correct time，when they're in season，and as close as possible to where they were grown.
在合适的时间吃东西是很好的，当它们应季的时候，尽可能靠近它们生长的地方。
6．There was once a town in the heart of America，where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings.
从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都与周围的环境和平共处。
[探究]
非限制性定语从句的引导词有：
1．关系代词 ， ， ， (＝of whom/which)，as
2．关系副词 ，_______
who
whom
which
whose
when
where
①非限制性定语从句的引导词及其在从句中作的成分
关系词 先行词 在从句中的成分
who 人 主语/宾语
whom 人 宾语
which 物/整个主句 主语/宾语
whose(＝of whom/which) 人/物 定语
as 人/物/整个主句 主语/宾语
②that和why不能引导非限制性定语从句
关系词 先行词 在从句中的成分
when 时间名词 时间状语
where 地点名词 地点状语
[即练]
单句填空
1．My holiday will end up with a family tour around Fujian Province，
scenery is a feast for eyes.
2．I recommend my friend Wang Ming， is one of the most suitable friends to take my place next week.
3．Molai built at the top of each sapling a bamboo platform， he placed earthen pots with small holes to collect rainwater.
whose
who
where
4．It couldn't be better if you learn to use chopsticks， will make you feel at ease when enjoying Chinese cuisines.
which
二、“介词＋which/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句
[感知]
1．I'd like to recommend Peking Opera club to you，from which I believe you will learn a lot.
我想向你推荐京剧俱乐部，我相信你可以从中学到很多。
2．To begin with，make more Chinese friends in your daily life，with whom you can practice spoken Chinese.
首先，你要在日常生活中结交更多的中国朋友，和他们一起练习汉语口语。
3．Selfie is a popular way of showing themselves，through which some teenagers may gain more confidence.
自拍是一种很受欢迎的展示自我的方式，通过这种方式一些青少年可能会获得更多的自信。
4．Our class consists of 40 students，all of whom are working hard at their lessons.
我们班由40名学生组成，他们学习都很努力。
[归纳]
1．以上非限制性定语从句均由“介词＋关系代词(which或whom)”引导。
2．“介词＋关系代词”中介词的选择
①根据从句所修饰的先行词的需要。
②根据从句中谓语动词或形容词搭配的需要。
③根据从句句意的需要。
[即练]
单句填空
1．Associations for different purposes have been formed， which basketball，football and dancing enjoy great popularity.
2．Shall we visit some places nearby，such as the library， which lots of related books will appeal to you enormously
3．Participants，most of are middle school students，will meet at the Olympic forest park in Beijing.
4．There are a lot of traditional Chinese art forms， which paper-cutting is one of the most popular.
among
in
whom
among
三、as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别
[感知]
1．(2023·全国甲卷)She even played some recordings of their singing，which was fun.
她甚至播放了一些他们唱歌的录音，这很有趣。
2．As we know，Tu Youyou is the first Chinese scientist who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
众所周知，屠呦呦是第一位获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的中国科学家。
[探究]
1． 引导的非限制性定语从句不能位于主句之前，意为“这；那”。
2． 引导的非限制性定语从句可位于主句之前、之中或之后，意为“正如；就像”。
which
as
as引导非限制性定语从句时，其后常接expect、know、report、say、see等动词的主动或被动语态句以及用于一些固定结构中。如：as was expected(不出所料)、as is mentioned above(正如上面所提到的)、as is often the case(这是常有的事)等。
as也可用在限制性定语从句中，此时它多和such、so 或the same连用，构成such/so ...as和the same ...as结构。例如：
Such books as I have read are English novels.
我所读过的书都是英文小说。(as作宾语)
[即练]
单句填空
1．There are many interest clubs， the children can do what they most want， makes them not tired of the learning life.
2． is reported，the air quality in the city has improved greatly in the past few months.
3．He finished the marathon in three hours， surprised everyone present.
4．The summer camp， is scheduled，will last 7 days，during which time many interesting activities are arranged.
where
which
As
which
as
四、常使用非限制性定语从句的三种情况
[感知]
1．She said she had finished her work，which I doubted very much.
她说她已经完成了工作，我对此深感怀疑。
2．The moon，which is about 384，400 kilometers away from the earth，creates many beautiful stories for people.
月球，这个离地球约384 400千米远的星球，给人们带来了很多美好的故事。
3．I have three foreign teachers，two of whom are from Canada.
我有三位外籍老师，其中两位来自加拿大。
[归纳]
1．关系代词指代整个主句的内容时，用非限制性定语从句。
2．先行词指的是世界上独一无二的事物、专有名词或表示类属事物时，用非限制性定语从句。
3．some/many/few/a few/little/much/most/two of which/whom结构中常用非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
区分点 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
限制程度 不可或缺，去掉后主句意思不完整 补充说明主句，去掉后不影响主句意义的完整
句子结构 前面没有逗号 有逗号与先行词分开
翻译方式 译成前置定语 译成并列句
(2023·全国乙卷)But for all its ancient buildings，Beijing is also a place which welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life.
除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方。
He lives in Beijing，which is about five hours' ride from here.
他住在北京，从这里到他那里大约有5个小时的车程。
[即练]
单句填空
1．Learning music is meaningful， will not only relax ourselves but also enrich our daily life.
2．I like to choose people are kind，honest and helpful as my friends.
3．(2023·全国乙卷)She had to say goodbye to her two dogs and to the beach， she loved to ride waves on her board.
4．I'd like to give you some suggestions， will be of great help.
which
who
where
which
5．I'm looking forward to attending the English play you decide to put on this weekend.
that/which
Jack，1. was eleven years old，lived in a small town in England.He always stayed in England for his holidays，2. one day he decided to go to Spain，3. all his friends liked to go for their holidays.First he went to Madrid，4. is the capital of Spain，and stayed in a small hotel，5. windows faced the main street.On the first morning，he went out for a walk.In England，people drive on the left.But in Spain，they drive on the right，6. he forgot.While he was walking along a busy street，a bike 7. came before him，
who
but
where
which
whose
which
that/which
knocked him down.Jack was sent to the hospital，in 8. the girl
9. rode the bike said sorry to him.After two days，Jack left Spain and returned to England.He told his friends that he wouldn't forget the days 10. he stayed in Spain.
which
who/that
when

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