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(共41张PPT)
UNIT 5　 Revealing nature
(单元主题语境：人与自然——认识与探索自然)
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
Ⅰ.重点词汇
1． v．减少
2． v．责怪，指责；把……归咎于
3． n．山羊
4． adj.原始的，低等的
5． adv.遍及全世界
6． adj.巨大的，特大的
7． n．(古代的)神话
decline
blame
goat
primitive
worldwide
giant
myth
8． n．传说，传奇(故事)
9． n．根
10． v．把……联系起来；连接
11． n．厘米
legend
root
link
centimetre
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．character n．个性；特征；人物→ n．特征，特性
2． v．发现，察觉(尤指不易察觉到的事物)→detective n．侦探；警探→ n．探测器
characteristic
detect
detector
Ⅲ.短语互译
1．最后；最终____________
2．到……时为止____________
3．归咎于______________
4．尤其；特别______________
5．对……有害_____________
6．事实上__________
7．源于……的，原产于……___________
8．实施；执行_________
in the end
by the time of
be blamed on
in particular
be harmful to
in fact
be native to
carry out
9．毕竟；终究___________
10．驱赶……，赶走……___________
11．与……有共同之处____________________
12．听说__________
13．by the way________________
14．speak of____________
15．by contrast_______________
after all
drive ...away
have ...in common with
hear of
顺便说/问一下
谈到；论及
相反；相比之下
Ⅳ.重点句式
1．句型：be said to据说……
教材原句：Alexander the Great and Marco Polo were said to have visited such a tree in India.
翻译：_____________________________________________________
_________
据说亚历山大大帝和马可·波罗曾在印度遇到过这样一棵会
说话的树。
2．句型：It作形式主语
教材原句：It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals to communicate with each other.
翻译：__________________________________________
3．句型：way作先行词的定语从句
教材原句：Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other.
翻译：____________________________________________________
人们早就知道植物可以利用化学物质进行交流。
科学家们每天都在了解更多关于植物相互交流的秘密方式。
熟读精思 研读文本精华
Ⅰ.主旨大意
The text is mainly about the ways each other.
plants communicate with
Ⅱ.文章架构
Ⅲ.细节探究
1．What can plants do according to the recent scientific studies？ (　　)
A.They can communicate with other living things in a chemical way when being eaten by an insect.
B．They can hardly react to the chemicals their neighbours released.
C．They can release some chemicals from the leaves that are being eaten to drive the insects away.
D．They can call the wasps to kill the insects that are eating their leaves.
2．What can we infer from Paragraph 4？ (　　)
A．We human beings can't hear the noise created by the plants because we can't use sound to communicate with them.
B．All the plants can make noises with their roots.
C.Only chilli plants can tell if a neighbour plant is helpful or unfriendly.
D.When some plants make clicking noises，perhaps it suggests drought is coming.
3．How do you think the plants link with each other in a forest？ (　　)
A．They can keep linked by cables and satellites like the Internet we use.
B.They have an amazing system of communication called “wood wide web”．
C．They are linked underground by their roots.
D.They use the fungal network to share information and food but they can't attack others like our own Internet.
4．What might be the author's purpose in writing the text？ (　　)
A．To tell us the importance of talking plants.
B．To convince people that talking plants are only a thing of myths and legends.
C.To introduce some ways in which plants communicate.
D．To tell the readers how to communicate with plants.
5．Where is the text most likely to appear？ (　　)
A．A newspaper advertisement.
B．A diary.
C．A science magazine.
D．A guidebook.
答案：1～5　ADBCC
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
The Secret Language of Plants
Plants use chemicals to communicate，1. happens when they get attacked by insects.As a 2. (warn) or a call for help，they can release chemicals from the leaves that are being eaten.Receiving the chemicals，other plants can release different chemicals to drive insects
3. or attract other insects to kill the insects that are eating the plants.Scientists want to use the warning system to protect plants from
4. (eat) by insects.
which
warning
away
being eaten
Plants also use sound that people can't hear to communicate.Some of 5. (they) can make it using the roots.By “listening” to the sounds，some plants can know if their neighbor is 6. (help) or unfriendly.
Plants have a communication system 7. (call) “wood wide web”，which is in some ways similar to the Internet we use.It 8.________
(link) by underground fungal network，with which plants can share information and food.Some plants also use the network 9. (do) some bad things and scientists hope to create a “firewall” to prevent them.
them
helpful
called
is linked
to do
Scientists are studying more about the communication ways.Perhaps we can communicate 10. plants in future.
with
互动探究 精研核心知识
1 characteristic n．特征，特性
(2023·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
现在列出你所喜欢的自己的所有特点。
[要点突破]
①characteristic adj.典型的；独特的；特有的
be characteristic of＝be typical of 是……的典型特征
It is characteristic of sb.to do sth.＝It is like sb.to do sth.做某事是某人的特点。
②character n．性格，特征；人物，角色；字体
[写作佳句]
These two characteristics especially appeal to children，who can learn and recite poetry easily.
这两个特点特别吸引孩子，他们可以很容易地学习和背诵诗歌。
[学以致用]
单句填空/一句多译
①Fiction is the essential characteristic the drama.
②We can enjoy the sight of the typical buildings with strong Southern Fujian (characteristic)．
③忘记带礼物来正是他的特点。
→ him to forget to bring a present.(characteristic)
→ him to forget to bring a present.(typical)
→ him to forget to bring a present.(like)
of
characteristics
It is characteristic of
It is typical of
It is like
2 decline vi.& n．衰退，下降，减少 v．谢绝，拒绝
Besides，the number of snakes had declined as well.
此外，蛇的数量也减少了。
[要点突破]
①fall/go into (a) decline 开始衰退
be in decline处于下降、衰退中
on the decline在下坡路上；在衰退(减少)
②decline by下降了
decline to下降到
decline to do sth.拒绝做某事
[写作佳句]
We will appreciate your confirmation by this Friday.Hoping you won't decline my invitation.
如您能在本周五之前确认，我们将不胜感激。希望您不会拒绝我的邀请。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①Not only tuna but also sardine，mackerel and other fish are decline.
②The number of staff has declined from 217，000 114，000.
in
to
③The number of tourists to the resort declined 30% because of bad weather last week.
④Births of boys are the decline in several industrialized countries.
⑤他拒绝透露有关总统选举的任何信息。
He on the presidential election.
on
by
declined to give any information
3 blame v．责怪，指责；把……归咎于 n．责任；责备，指责
The extinction of the Pinta Island tortoise is blamed on humans.
平塔岛象龟的灭绝被归咎于人类。
[要点突破]
①blame sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而责备某人
blame sth.on sb.将某事归咎于某人
②be to blame (for sth.) 对(坏事)负有责任
get/take the blame for sth.为某事承担责任
put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.把某事的责任归在某人身上
[写作佳句]
She blamed the class for making fun of Sam and told them everyone was unique，so we should accept and love every classmate.
她责备同学们取笑萨姆，并告诉他们每个人都是独一无二的，所以我们应该接受和爱每一个同学。
[学以致用]
单句填空/补全语段
①Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning，and put the blame
the alarm clock.
on
②It was the professor rather than his assistant that is (blame) for what had happened in the lab.
③Harry was blamed getting me involved into such a trouble.
④They (正在为……互相责备) the quarrel.
Who (该受责备) and who will (为……承担责任) this？
to blame
are blaming each other for
for
is to blame
take/get the blame for
4 native adj.本国的；本地的 n．本地人；本国人
(2023·全国甲卷)The western half of the U.S.was full of grizzlies when Europeans came，with a rough number of 50，000 or more living alongside Native Americans.
欧洲人来的时候，美国西部到处都是灰熊，大约有5万只或更多的灰熊与美洲原住民生活在一起。
[要点突破]
be native to源于……的，原产于……
go native入乡随俗；同化
one's native country/land/language某人的祖国/故乡/母语
[写作佳句]
As a native speaker，I can speak fluent Chinese，which I think is of great importance for this job.
作为母语者，我能说一口流利的汉语，我认为这对这份工作很重要。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①The plum(梅子) tree is native China，mainly growing in Suzhou，Shanghai and Hangzhou.
to
②这是他自1948年以来第一次回到他的祖国。
It was his first visit to since 1948.
③自从他去年来中国生活以来，他已渐渐地入乡随俗。
Since he came to live in China last year，he has ．
his native country
gone native gradually
5 detect v．发现，察觉(尤指不易察觉到的事物)
When another bean plant detects the chemicals from its injured neighbour，it starts to release its own，different chemicals.
当另一株豆类植物察觉到附近受伤同伴释放的化学物质时，它自身便开始释放不同的化学物质。
[要点突破]
①detect sb.in doing sth.发现某人正在做某事(坏事)
detect a change/difference 发现变化/不同
②detection n．侦查，发现，察觉
escape/avoid detection躲过探测
③detective n．侦探
[写作佳句]
Without any hesitation，they got down to detecting the remains of the hotel and they were delighted to discover there was sign of life beneath.
他们毫不犹豫地开始探测旅馆的残骸，高兴地发现下面有生命的迹象。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①When we opened the gift，we were surprised that there were two _______
(detect) storybooks for Kaya and me.
②The new test should aid in the early (detect) of the disease.
③He was detected in (cheat) in the exam.
④你发现她最近在态度上的转变了吗？她好像很焦躁不安。
Do you lately？She seems so anxious.
detective
detection
cheating
detect a change in her attitude
be said to据说……
Alexander the Great and Marco Polo were said to have visited such a tree in India.
据说亚历山大大帝和马可·波罗曾在印度遇到过这样一棵会说话的树。
[情境探究]
①It is said that Hangzhou is a beautiful modern city with breathtaking natural sights，among which the West Lake is a well-known tourist attraction.
＝Hangzhou is said to be a beautiful modern city with breathtaking natural sights，among which the West Lake is a well-known tourist attraction.
据说杭州是一个美丽的现代化城市，拥有令人叹为观止的自然景观，西湖是其中的一个著名旅游景点。
②It was reported that several people had been arrested.
据报道，已有数人被捕。
[要点突破]
①sb.be said to do 据说某人做……
sb.be said to be doing据说某人正在做……
sb.be said to have done据说某人曾做过……
②“从句主语＋be＋过去分词＋不定式”可以改写为“It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句”。“It is believed that ...”意为“据认为……”。
[学以致用]
单句填空/句型转换
①It (report) that donating blood properly does good to health.
②He is said to (write) another novel about the same theme now.
③It is said that carbon dioxide is heating the earth twice as quickly as previously feared.
→Carbon dioxide the earth twice as quickly as previously feared.
is reported
be writing
is said to be heating
④It is said that the early European playing-cards were designed for entertainment and education.
→The early European playing-cards for entertainment and education.
are said to have been designed
单句填空/完成句子
①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I see what you mean.These days you can see traffic jams around schools at drop-off and pick-up times.But it's hard _________
(blame) the parents.
②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Though they are useful for (detect) shifts in the number and variety of species in an area，a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect.
to blame
detecting
③(2025·浙江1月卷)Yet as Martin has found in her work，gender is one of the fundamental ways people form connections with objects，particularly those designed with human (characteristic)．
④人们通常会把他们对所读内容的记忆与书的深度或在书页上的位置联系起来。
(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)People often of what they've read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page.
characteristics
link their memory
⑤最近有报道称，坚持传统饮食的人正在缓慢下降，大约半数的英国消费者愿意以某种方式改变或提升厨艺。
(2023·全国乙卷) that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain's consumers would like to change or improve their cooking in some way.
It is recently reported

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