资源简介

题型06 阅读理解记叙文
题型简介
记叙文类文章描述的是一件具体事情的发生、发展和结局，通常有时间、地点、人物、事件等。有些文章是按事件发展的经过为主线叙述的，在叙述的过程中有详有略；有些文章是按时间的顺序叙述的，有顺叙、倒叙等。从总体上来讲，文章的难度通常不大，在阅读过程中，我们一直在某个线索的引导下，随着作者的思路去了解一个故事或一件事情的始末，因此会感到比较轻松。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的意图和态度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。阅读此类文章应特别注意：（1）若是一般故事性文章，应读懂故事的发生、发展、高潮和结局；（2）若是＂哲理故事＂，要理解故事所蕴含的哲理意义；（3）若是 ＂逸闻趣事＂，应体会对话的风趣性，进而才能感受幽默的精髓。记叙文的目的在于：讲述故事：交代事件的起因、经过、发展和结果。塑造人物：通过人物的言行、心理活动来展现其性格与情感。表达情感/阐明道理：故事背后往往蕴含着深刻的人生哲理、情感体验或社会价值。
设题类型&命题方式
考向1：人物类记叙文
这类文章以塑造人物形象为核心，通过具体事例展现人物的性格、品质、情感和贡献。
1）细节理解题
命题方式：直接询问人物的具体信息，如：人物的某个行为、所说的话、取得的成就、生平背景等。常见问法：
What did the person do when...
According to the passage, how did he achieve...
2）推理判断题（重点）
命题方式：要求根据人物的言行、选择以及他人评价，推断其内在的性格特征、情感态度、动机或品质。
常见问法：
What can we infer about the person's character from Paragraph X
How did the person probably feel after the event
Why did the person make such a decision (考查动机)
What kind of person is...
3）主旨大意题
命题方式：考查对人物形象的整体把握，或概括文章主要目的是为了展现人物的哪个方面。
常见问法：
What is the main purpose of the passage
What is the best title for the passage (通常包含人物名称或其核心品质)
What does the author mainly want to tell us about the person
4）观点态度题
命题方式：考查作者或文中其他人物对主人公的态度是钦佩、同情、批评还是中立。
常见问法：
What is the author's attitude towards the person
考向2：叙事类记叙文
这类文章以叙述事件为核心，强调情节的发展、转折和结果，并从中引出教训、感悟或启示。
1）细节理解题
命题方式：考查对事件发生的时间、地点、原因、经过、结果等具体信息的把握，有时会要求对事件发展过程进行排序。
常见问法：
What caused the event to happen
What was the turning point of the story
2）推理判断题（重点）
命题方式：要求根据情节发展，推测事件的后续影响、人物的命运，或分析事件之间的因果关系。
常见问法：
What would probably happen next
What can be inferred from the end of the story
Why did the event end in such a way (考查深层因果)
3）主旨大意题（高频）
命题方式：考查对事件背后深层寓意、人生教训或作者写作意图的理解。这是叙事文的必考点。
常见问法：
What is the main idea of the passage
What does the story want to tell us
What lesson did the author learn from the experience
4）词义猜测题
命题方式：文中的生词或短语往往与关键情节或人物动作相关，需要根据上下文语境进行推断。
常见问法：
The underlined word "..." in Paragraph 2 probably means ______.
What does the phrase "..." refer to in the context
考向3：状物类记叙文
这类文章以一个具体的“物”（如旧物、动物、地点）为核心，通过对它的描述，抒发情感、寄托思念或象征某种精神。
1）写作目的与主旨题（核心）
命题方式：直接考查作者描写该“物”的深层意图，即“借物抒情”或“托物言志”中的“情”和“志”是什么。
常见问法：
What is the author's main purpose in writing this passage
Why does the author describe the ... in such detail
What is the best title for the passage (标题通常会体现“物”与“情”的联系)
2）含义理解与推断题
命题方式：考查对“物”的象征意义、情感价值或它作为线索所连接的记忆与人物的理解。
常见问法：
What does the ... symbolize in the author's heart
What can we learn about the author's grandfather from the description of the watch
What does the author really mean by mentioning the old tree
3）细节理解题
命题方式：询问关于“物”本身的外观、来源、功能等细节，但这些细节通常是为表达情感服务的。
常见问法：
How did the author get the ...
What is special about the ... according to the passage
4）观点态度题
命题方式：考查作者对该“物”所怀有的情感，如珍爱、怀念、感激、遗憾等。
常见问法：
How does the author feel towards the ...
What is the tone of the passage
解题思路
第一部分：通用解题法 —— 应对所有记叙文的四大步骤
无论遇到哪种类型的记叙文，遵循以下四个步骤，能保证你思路清晰，不遗漏关键信息。
步骤1：速读全文，抓住要素，把握主线
目标：不要在第一遍阅读时就纠结于生词或细节。你的任务是搞懂“谁，在何时何地，做了什么事，结果如何，有何感悟”。
解题步骤：
圈出主要人物（Who）。
划出故事发生的时间、地点（When & Where）。
用一句话在心里概括核心事件或人物特征（What）。
特别关注首段和尾段，这里往往是主旨的所在。
步骤2：审读题干，定位关键词
目标：明确题目在问什么，并带着问题回到文中寻找答案。
解题步骤：
仔细阅读题干和每个选项。
找出题干中的关键词，如：人名、地名、动词、名词短语、引号内的词等。
判断题型（是细节题、推理题还是主旨题）。
步骤3：精读定位，分析判断
目标：根据关键词，回到原文中找到相关的句子或段落（定位），并进行深入分析。
行动：
“地毯式”搜索：在原文中找到与题干关键词对应或同义替换的句子。
“语境式”理解：精读定位句及其前后句，确保理解准确。
对于不同题型：
细节题：直接比对选项与原文，注意同义替换。
推理/词义题：分析上下文逻辑关系（因果、转折、举例、定义等）。
主旨/目的题：回顾文章整体结构和首尾段。
步骤4：比对选项，排除干扰
目标：选出最符合原文的答案。
核心：熟知错误选项的常见陷阱：无中生有：选项内容原文未提及。偷换概念：对原文信息进行细微的曲解。以偏概全：用局部信息代替整体主旨。过度绝对：使用如 always, never, all 等绝对化词汇。正反混淆：与原文信息完全相反。
第二部分：专项技巧 —— 针对三大考向的解题重心
在运用通用心法的基础上，针对不同考向，你的思考重心应有所侧重。
1. 人物类记叙文：核心方法是“由事见人”
阅读重心：关注所有用于描写人物的形容词、副词、动词以及人物的对话、心理活动和他人评价。
解题关键：
遇到询问“性格、品质、态度”的题目，不要主观臆断，一定要在文中找到具体事例作为证据。
将人物的行为（做了什么）与其背后的动机（为什么做）和品质（体现了他是什么样的人）联系起来。
公式：具体事例/言行 → 推断出 → 性格/品质/情感
2. 叙事类记叙文：核心方法是“由事及理”
阅读重心：理清情节发展链条（起因→经过→高潮→结果），特别关注事件的转折点和最终结果。
解题关键：
遇到询问“主旨、教训、启示”的题目，答案往往藏在故事的结局或作者在文末的直接议论和抒情中。
叙事文的最终目的不是讲故事本身，而是通过故事表达一个观点或道理。因此，读完一定要问自己：“作者想通过这个故事告诉我什么？”
公式：完整事件（尤其结果）+ 作者感悟 → 提炼出 → 主旨/启示
3. 状物类记叙文：核心方法是“由物及情”
阅读重心：不要被对“物”的细致描写所迷惑，要思考“这个物背后关联着什么人？什么事？承载了什么情感？”
解题关键：
遇到询问“写作目的、象征意义、作者情感”的题目，答案绝不是物体本身的物理属性，而是它的情感价值和精神象征。
文中对物的描写（如“破旧但整洁”）往往暗示了相关人物的品质或作者的情感（如“珍视、怀念”）。
公式：物的特征/来历 + 相关回忆/人物 → 挖掘出 → 情感/精神象征
考向01 人物类记叙文
【例1-1】（25-26高三·江西·一轮复习阶段检测）
When Dr. Daniel Olaiya isn’t presenting Operation Ouch! on CBBC, he is working as a National Health Service doctor, specializing in anesthesiology (麻醉学). He is also a flight doctor, which means he works on air ambulances.
Olaiya’s interest in science didn’t start with school lessons. Instead, it grew from his love of science fiction. He was a big fan of superheroes, in particular the X-Men comics. His favourite character was Havok, who can release powerful energy, which Olaiya thought was really cool. Another hero that he admired was the film character Indiana Jones, an adventurous archaeologist and professor at a university. He used to dream of becoming “Indiana Jones” in his own way.
Becoming a doctor wasn’t always Olaiya’s dream, but by the end of secondary school, he viewed it as a career where he would deal with people, go on adventures and use his scientific knowledge, which was both enjoyable and challenging. Pre-medical studies were really difficult because there was a lot to study. He struggled with it, but when he started his degree at the University of Exeter, he says, “That was when the fun began.” He loved outdoor adventures and activities while he was studying there.
In 2016, Olaiya joined FameLab, a global science communication competition, to share scientific ideas with audience. He delivered a creative three-minute talk on the science of happiness. The next year, he participated again, despite arriving an hour late due to heavy traffic. The talk ended up being a success and Olaiya made it through to FameLab’s national final.
Science communication is still an important part of Olaiya’s job — he is now one of the presenters on Operation Ouch! on CBBC． His most important advice for any young doctor is to work really hard at school and “dive as deep as you can into the science and the human aspect, because you can’t have one without the other in medicine.”
1． What initially sparked Olaiya’s scientific interest
A．Characters in science fiction. B．A global speech competition.
C．Formal classroom education. D．Medical training in university.
2． Why did Olaiya take part in FameLab
A．To win its final prize. B．To better spread science.
C．To be a TV presenter. D．To show his medical skills.
3． Which of the following words can best describe Olaiya
A．Reserved and talented. B．Independent and ambitious.
C．Warm-hearted and creative. D．Adventurous and determined.
4． What does Olaiya’s advice highlight
A．All efforts will pay off one day. B．It is never too late to learn science.
C．Medicine needs humanity and science. D．Caring for patients overweighs skills.
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了医生兼科学传播者Daniel Olaiya的职业生涯，分享了他如何从科幻迷成长为医学专家，并通过FameLab和电视节目推动科学普及，还强调医学需兼顾科学与人道精神。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Olaiya’s interest in science didn’t start with school lessons. Instead, it grew from his love of science fiction. He was a big fan of superheroes, in particular the X-Men comics. (Olaiya的科学兴趣并非始于学校课程，而是源于他对科幻小说的热爱。他特别喜欢超级英雄，尤其是《X战警》漫画。)”可知，最初激发Olaiya科学兴趣的是科幻小说中的角色。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段中“In 2016, Olaiya joined FameLab, a global science communication competition, to share scientific ideas with audience. (2016年，Olaiya参加了一项全球科学传播比赛FameLab，旨在向观众分享科学理念。)”可知，Olaiya参加FameLab的目的是更好地传播科学。故选B项。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段中“He is also a flight doctor, which means he works on air ambulances. (他也是一名飞行医生，这意味着他在空中救护车上工作。)”和第三段中“He loved outdoor adventures and activities while he was studying there. (当他在那里学习时，他喜欢户外冒险和活动。)”可知，Olaiya热爱户外探险活动，且从事飞行医生这样高挑战性的职业，表明他具有冒险精神；根据第三段中“Pre-medical studies were really difficult because there was a lot to study. He struggled with it, but when he started his degree at the University of Exeter, he says, “That was when the fun began.” (医学预科学习真的很难，因为要学的东西太多了。他曾为此挣扎过，但当他开始在埃克塞特大学攻读学位时，他说：“那就是乐趣开始的时候。”)”可知，Olaiya克服医学预科困难，表明他有坚定决心。故选D项。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“His most important advice for any young doctor is to work really hard at school and “dive as deep as you can into the science and the human aspect, because you can’t have one without the other in medicine.” (他对年轻医生最重要的建议是在学校努力学习，“尽可能深入地研究科学和人文方面，因为在医学上，两者缺一不可。”)”可知，Olaiya的建议强调医学必须结合科学与人文。故选C项。
【例1-2】(25-26高三上·四川广安中学·月考)
At first sight, Easthope doesn’t seem much like a Cassandra. She smiles a lot. Her manner is kind and motherly; pushed to name her profession, you might guess at nurse or teacher. But look closer.
Easthope is an emergency planner whose job is to support the survivors of major disasters, in which capacity she acted following the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and the fire at Grenfell Tower. For two decades, the public knew nothing about this vital work, which went on behind the scenes, though she was hugely admired in what we might call professional disaster circles: a voice of calm and a fountain of wisdom. But in 2023, she published a best-selling book about her career, When the Dust Settles, and that changed. People became very interested in what she did.
“At literary festivals, most authors get questions about their writing process,” Easthope says. “But I wouldn’t get those. What people wanted from me was to know how I lived with the knowledge that I have. Wasn’t I afraid How did I handle I would tell them that I didn’t live afraid, and I would give them basic advice. But this wasn’t enough.” In the end, she felt she had no choice but to write a second book, one in which she would try to distill (浓缩) all that she has learned for the benefit of each individual.
While her publisher describes Come What May as a roadmap for resilience (韧性), the word is one Easthope dislikes. Ready, she suggests, is a better one. Easthope also reminds people that small things, like losing hair during illness or consuming too much food after someone dies, still matter. She encourages people to remember, not to forget, what happened during disasters, because such events leave a long-lasting effect.
1． What might a Cassandra be like according to paragraph 1
A．Serious and unapproachable. B．Competent and cautious.
C．Friendly and energetic. D．Cheerful and easy-going.
2．What led to increased public awareness of Easthope’s work in 2023
A．The publication of a bestseller. B．The growth of professional disaster circles.
C．Her involvement in 2004 tsunami relief. D．Her sudden rise to fame through media.
3．Why are readers’ questions cited (引用) in paragraph 3
A．To reveal Easthope’s personal fears. B．To explain Easthope’s writing process.
C．To show Easthope’s writing motivation. D．To present public doubts about Easthope’s work.
4． What does Easthope agree on handling disasters
A．Resilience matters most. B．Forgetting aids recovery.
C．Positive thinking takes the lead. D．Minor sufferings deserve attention.
【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述应急规划师伊斯特霍普的职业经历、著作出版后受到的关注，以及她关于人们应对灾难的观点和建议。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“At first sight, Easthope doesn’t seem much like a Cassandra. She smiles a lot. Her manner is kind and motherly; pushed to name her profession, you might guess at nurse or teacher. But look closer. (乍一看，伊斯特霍普不太像卡桑德拉。她经常微笑。她的举止和蔼可亲，像母亲一样；如果非要说出她的职业，你可能会猜是护士或老师。但再仔细看看。)”可知，伊斯特霍普的“笑容满面、亲切有母性”与卡桑德拉的特质相反，由此可推知卡桑德拉应是严肃且难以接近的。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But in 2023, she published a best-selling book about her career, When the Dust Settles, and that changed. People became very interested in what she did.(但在2023年，她出版了一本关于自己职业生涯的畅销书《尘埃落定之时》，一切都变了。人们开始对她的工作产生浓厚兴趣)”可知，2023年一本畅销书的出版让公众对伊斯特霍普的工作有了更多了解。故选A项。
3．推理判断题。根据第三段中““At literary festivals, most authors get questions about their writing process,” Easthope says. “But I wouldn’t get those. What people wanted from me was to know how I lived with the knowledge that I have. Wasn’t I afraid How did I handle I would tell them that I didn’t live afraid, and I would give them basic advice. But this wasn’t enough.”(伊斯特霍普坦言：“文学节上，大多数作家都会被问及创作过程，但没人问我这些。人们想了解的是，我如何背负着这些认知继续生活。难道不害怕吗？如何应对？我会告诉他们我从不活在恐惧中，并给出基本建议。但这远远不够。”)”和“In the end, she felt she had no choice but to write a second book, one in which she would try to distill all that she has learned for the benefit of each individual.(最终，她觉得自己别无选择，只能写第二本书，一本试图浓缩她所学一切、造福每个人的书)”可知，引用读者的问题是为了说明这些问题让伊斯特霍普意识到需要通过写书分享更多经验，即体现她写第二本书的动机。故选C项。
4．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Easthope also reminds people that small things, like losing hair during illness or consuming too much food after someone dies, still matter.(伊斯特霍普还提醒人们，一些小事仍然重要，比如生病时脱发或有人去世后暴饮暴食。)”可知，伊斯特霍普认为生病时脱发或有人去世后暴饮暴食这样的小事也很重要，即微小的痛苦也值得关注。故选D项。
【变式1-1】(25-26高三上·安徽·期中)
Even the strongest of swimmers get tears in their goggles (护目镜). Just ask Rylee Sayer, whose list of achievements has become even longer after being selected to compete as an Aquablack at her first-ever World Para Swimming Championships(WPSC).
The Hauraki Plains College student was born with a rare condition, and later, she suffered from an aggressive form of bone cancer. Within a month of the diagnosis (诊断), she had to have a forequarter amputation (截肢) of her right arm.
But with all her courage and determination, Rylee has taken the suffering and turned it into a positive. Despite her limb loss, Rylee held on firmly to her passion for swimming. Training six to seven times weekly at Matamata Swim Club under coach Graeme Laing, she rebuilt her strength and technique. “All the training and hard work has paid off,” she told The Profile. “I have had a lot of tears in my goggles, but my motivation always wipes them away. Her efforts led to a historic moment: selection for the 2023 World Para Swimming Championships in Manchester, Great Britain. She said she cried with excitement alongside her mum and a close friend who gave her “a big hug”.
“I am more than grateful to have the opportunity,” she said. Being her first WPSC, she said it was hard to know what to expect, but she aimed to reach finals and set personal bests. Her pre-race routine included hype music for mental focus and careful stretching.
She said her motivation is rooted in how far she has come from the start of her cancer journey. “Little me would be so proud of how far I have come now,” she said. “I’m grateful to everyone who has been helping me on this journey, especially my family.”
1．What directly contributes to Rylee’s amputation
A．A serious athletic injury. B．The delay in treatment.
C．A severe bone condition. D．The after-effects of previous surgery.
2．How did Rylee feel when selected to compete in the WPSC
A．Anxious but proud. B．Stressed but confident.
C．Calm and responsible. D．Overjoyed and appreciative.
3．Where does Rylee’s motivation mainly come from
A．The desire to win the championships. B．Her pride in participating in the WPSC．
C．Her progress in fighting against the disease. D．The support from her family and friends.
4．What does Rylee’s story tell us
A．It’s never too old to learn. B．Well begun is half done.
C．Actions speak louder than words. D．Nothing is impossible for a willing heart.
【变式1-2】(25-26高三上·江苏泰州靖江·期中)
Chinese Nobel Prize-winning physicist Zhen Ning Yang, one of the most influential scientists in modern physics, passed away in Beijing on October 18 due to illness at the age of 103.
Born in 1922, Yang was brought up surrounded by the Tsinghua campus, where his father was a math professor. After finishing his undergraduate degree, he obtained his master’s degree from Tsinghua. He enrolled in the University of Chicago in the United States to pursue a doctorate in 1946 and was strongly influenced by Italian-American physicist Enrico Fermi, who had won the same Nobel Prize in 1938. He later became a professor at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton.
Yang won the Nobel Prize in 1957 with Tsung-Dao Lee for their investigation of the so-called parity laws that led to “important discoveries regarding the elementary particles,” according to the Nobel Prize website. They were the first Chinese-born Nobel Prize winners in physics.
Professor Yang was deeply devoted to his homeland, making remarkable contributions to China’s scientific and educational developments. His visit to China in 1971 led to a wave of visits by overseas scholars, earning him recognition as the pioneer in building the bridge of academic exchange between China and the United States. He later proposed the restoration and strengthening of basic scientific research to China’s central leadership. He also raised funds to establish the “Committee on Educational Exchange with China”, which has continuously sponsored nearly 100Chinese scholars for advanced studies in the United States. These scholars later became the backbone of China’ s scientific and technological development. He undertook extensive work to promote China’s scientific and technological exchange and progress, offering advice and exercising significant influence on major Chinese scientific projects and the formulation (制定) of science and education policies.
After returning to Tsinghua University in 1999, he took on developing the Institute for Advanced Study as his new mission. He poured enormous effort into advancing fundamental disciplines like physics and cultivating talents at Tsinghua, making remarkable contributions that greatly impacted the reform and development of Chinese higher education.
Professor Yang’s life stands as a timeless chapter in human history — one that shines not only for China but for the global community of thinkers and innovators.
1．What is the article mainly about
A．Yang’s lifelong contributions to China. B．Yang’s research on elementary particles.
C．Yang’s influence on global science policy. D．Yang’s educational background in America.
2．Why was Yang’s 1971 visit significant
A．It focused on political dialogue. B．It promoted cultural activities in China.
C．It aimed to win a Nobel Prize for China. D．It initiated academic exchanges with the US.
3．What did Yang do for Chinese scholars
A．He funded their advanced studies abroad. B．He helped them win international awards.
C．He taught them advanced physics personally. D．He offered them jobs in American universities.
4．How does the author view Yang’s contributions
A．It is primarily for Chinese scientists. B．It belongs to the whole world.
C．It lies in his Nobel Prize achievement. D．It is mainly about educational reform.
考向02 叙事类记叙文
【例2-1】(24-25高三下·广西来宾高级中学·)
Holding my hands, my grandparents boarded a green-skinned train in Hangzhou, which rocked and swayed for twenty-five hours straight to Ulanqab (乌兰察布市), Inner Mongolia. This is my childhood memory of returning home.
As the train journeyed north, the scenery outside the window gradually transformed from the gentle charm of the south to the vast openness of the north. Everything felt so beautiful, even the clamor (喧闹) inside the carriage carried a warmth. Before dawn the next day, I pressed my forehead against the fogged glass, watching the distant sunrise break through the horizon. It seemed as though the morning sun had risen solely to welcome our return.
After starting elementary school, trips back to my hometown grew sparse, and that direct train quietly closed down. The rails rusted into dotted lines in memory, and my hometown became a faint shadow on a photographic negative (照相底片).
Then, last year, Grandpa passed away, and the frequency of returning home suddenly surged. Yet, the journey no longer held the leisurely comfort of childhood it became a long, exhausting journey. We rushed to the airport before daybreak, weighed down by luggage check-ins. The cramped cabin and turbulent air currents added discomfort, while navigating the maze-like airport and enduring hours of road travel left us arriving under completely dark skies. There was no time to admire the scenery, let alone the endless sea of clouds outside the airplane window.
This year, upon hearing that the long-suspended train had resumed operation, an indescribable excitement welled up in my heart. A month ago, I finally boarded this long-missed train again. As night fell, the train slowly set off. The familiar voices in the carriage, mingling with the rhythmic clatter of wheels against tracks, blended into a nostalgic lullaby (怀旧的摇篮曲). Lying on the bunk, I felt the gentle sway of the train, as though cradled in the arms of Mother Earth...Years have blurred the details of my memory, and I have sketched it one by one with my imagination.
Finally, the train arrived at my hometown. The moment I met my grandma, the long-accumulated yearning in my heart burst out like a tidal stream now...
1．Why does the author describe the train journey in her childhood
A．To compare the train journey with air travel.
B．To show the inconvenience of traveling by train.
C．To emphasize the long distance to her hometown.
D．To highlight the beauty and warmth of the train journey.
2．What does the underlined word “sparse” in paragraph 3 most probably mean
A．Rare. B．Frequent. C．Regular. D．Complex.
3．What is the author’s attitude towards modern travel by air
A．Indifferent. B．Grateful. C．Dissatisfied. D．Enthusiastic.
4．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Memories of My Hometown B．Old tracks Back Home
C．The Change of Transportation D．The Beauty of Air Travel
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者通过停运后又恢复的火车路线回到家乡的怀旧之旅。
1．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“As the train journeyed north, the scenery outside the window gradually transformed from the gentle charm of the south to the vast openness of the north. Everything felt so beautiful, even the clamor (喧闹) inside the carriage carried a warmth.(随着火车向北行驶，窗外的景色逐渐由南方的温婉妩媚变成了北方的广阔开阔。一切都是那么美好，就连车厢里的喧闹声也带着一种温暖)”可知，作者描写她童年的火车之旅是为了突出火车之旅的美丽和温暖。故选D。
2．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“that direct train quietly closed down. The rails rusted into dotted lines in memory, and my hometown became a faint shadow on a photographic negative(那列直达列车悄悄停运了。铁轨在记忆中锈迹斑斑，我的家乡成了底片上模糊的影子)”可知，在文章的上下文中作者开始上小学后，那列直达列车悄然停运了。铁轨在记忆中锈蚀成了点点痕迹，说明回故乡的旅行变得稀少、罕见，sparse的意思是“稀少”，和rare意思相近。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Yet, the journey no longer held the leisurely comfort of childhood it became a long, exhausting journey. We rushed to the airport before daybreak, weighed down by luggage check-ins. The cramped cabin and turbulent air currents added discomfort, while navigating the maze-like airport and enduring hours of road travel left us arriving under completely dark skies. There was no time to admire the scenery, let alone the endless sea of clouds outside the airplane window.(然而，这段旅程不再有童年的悠闲舒适，它变成了一段漫长而疲惫的旅程。我们在黎明前赶到机场，行李托运工作压得我们喘不过气来。狭窄的机舱和汹涌的气流增加了我们的不适，而在迷宫般的机场穿行和长时间的公路旅行让我们在完全黑暗的天空下到达。没有时间欣赏风景，更不用说飞机窗外无尽的云海了)”可知，作者将现代航空旅行描述为“漫长而疲惫的跋涉”，有“狭窄的客舱”和“颠簸的气流”。她还提到没有时间欣赏风景，这表明与童年时更悠闲、风景更美的火车旅行相比，她有一种不满意的感觉。故选C。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Holding my hands, my grandparents boarded a green-skinned train in Hangzhou, which rocked and swayed for twenty-five hours straight to Ulanqab (乌兰察布市), Inner Mongolia. This is my childhood memory of returning home.(我的祖父母牵着我的手，在杭州登上了一列绿皮火车，火车摇晃了25个小时，直达内蒙古乌兰察布。这是我童年回家的记忆)”和倒数第二段“This year, upon hearing that the long-suspended train had resumed operation, an indescribable excitement welled up in my heart. A month ago, I finally boarded this long-missed train again. As night fell, the train slowly set off. The familiar voices in the carriage, mingling with the rhythmic clatter of wheels against tracks, blended into a nostalgic lullaby (怀旧的摇篮曲). Lying on the bunk, I felt the gentle sway of the train, as though cradled in the arms of Mother Earth...Years have blurred the details of my memory, and I have sketched it one by one with my imagination.(今年，当我听到停运已久的火车恢复运行的消息时，一种说不出的兴奋涌上心头。一个月前，我终于再次登上了这趟久违的列车。夜幕降临，火车慢慢地开动了。车厢里熟悉的声音，加上车轮有节奏地撞击轨道的声音，混成了一首怀旧的摇篮曲。躺在铺位上，我感觉到火车的轻柔摇晃，仿佛被大地母亲抱在怀里……岁月模糊了我记忆中的细节，我用想象把它一一勾勒出来)”可知，本文主要讲述了作者通过停运后又恢复的火车路线回到家乡的怀旧之旅。它突出了与过去的情感联系，以及火车之旅在她记忆中的重要性，因此最恰当的题目是B选项“Old tracks Back Home(家乡的旧轨道)”。故选B。
【例2-2】（2025·浙江宁波海曙&4地·一模）
Last spring, my neighbor Donna and I, both in our seventies, spent several hours in the glorious sunshine enjoying the new season. When it was time to sit down and relax, Donna pulled out her red metal chair from her garage (车库), and I sat on an overturned plastic bucket (桶). It was fun to catch up on the news that we had missed during the long winter indoors.
However, over the next few days, it turned out that we needed more than a chair and a bucket which were not quite comfortable. Donna decided we needed a bench. After dismissing unsuitable options from local stores, she found a perfect one online. The next day it arrived. Excitedly, she opened the box and started putting it together. We proudly high-fived each other as the pieces joined up and the bench started to look like one. After a few minutes’ assistance from a neighbour, it was complete. What’s more, it was the perfect fit for two 70-somethings to carry on late afternoon chats.
Soon, the bench attracted other neighbors. One day, someone called out from the sidewalk, “What do you do on that bench ” Quick-thinking Donna called back, “It’s our ‘Thinking Bench’! We think about important things happening in our lives.” Then, the name gradually evolved—after one neighbor sat alone deep in thought, he declared it a “Decision-Making Bench”; another time, when Donna was caught napping, she insisted she was “meditating (冥想) ”, adding yet another name.
Last fall, with the temperature falling, we came to the end of sitting outdoors. We were faced with one dilemma-what to do about it in the winter Well, we sat down and thought and meditated and decided to put it in Donna’s garage for the winter.
When I glimpsed it a few times over the next months, the bench sat lonely, holding empty flower pots, and some flat, old boxes. But now after a long winter, spring flowers are ready to bloom in the warm sunshine, and we neighbours are ready to welcome “The Bench” back into our lives.
1． Donna decided to replace the chair and bucket to _________.
A．lighten the carrying load B．attract more neighbours
C．get better seating for chats D．adapt to warmer weather
2． How did the bench get its various names
A．From items placed on it. B．From seasonal discussions.
C．From users’ activities on it. D．From Donna’s creative ideas.
3． Why are pots and boxes mentioned in the last paragraph
A．To suggest the flowers would soon be planted. B．To show the bench was not serving its purpose.
C．To describe the bench’s practical use in winter. D．To explain why the bench needed winter storage.
4． What does “The Bench” represent by the story’s end
A．A symbol of community bonds. B．A solution to the aging problem.
C．A reminder of the past summer. D．A memory of a valued online order.
【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和邻居唐娜在户外放置长椅，长椅吸引邻居们一起聊天、思考、做决定，最终成为邻里情谊象征的故事。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However, over the next few days, it turned out that we needed more than a chair and a bucket which were not quite comfortable. Donna decided we needed a bench.(然而，在接下来的几天里，事实证明，我们需要的不仅仅是一把椅子和一只不太舒服的水桶。唐娜决定我们需要一条长凳。)”以及“What’s more, it was the perfect fit for two 70-somethings to carry on late afternoon chats.(更重要的是，它非常适合两位70多岁的老人进行傍晚的聊天。)”可知，唐娜决定把椅子和桶换成长凳是为了让聊天时有更好的座位。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Then, the name gradually evolved — after one neighbor sat alone deep in thought, he declared it a ‘Decision-Making Bench’; another time, when Donna was caught napping, she insisted she was ‘meditating’, adding yet another name.(然后，这个名字逐渐演变——一位邻居独自坐着沉思后，他宣称这是一个‘决策长椅’；还有一次，当唐娜被发现打盹时，她坚持说自己在‘冥想’，于是又加了一个名字。)”可知，长凳的名字来源于使用者在长凳上的活动。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“When I glimpsed it a few times over the next months, the bench sat lonely, holding empty flower pots, and some flat, old boxes. But now after a long winter, spring flowers are ready to bloom in the warm sunshine, and we neighbours are ready to welcome “The Bench” back into our lives.(在接下来的几个月里，当我瞥见它几次时，长凳孤零零地立着，上面放着空花盆和一些扁平的旧盒子。但是现在，经过一个漫长的冬天，春天的花朵已经准备好在温暖的阳光下绽放，我们邻居们也准备好欢迎‘长凳’回到我们的生活中。)”可知，长凳上放着空花盆和旧盒子，说明长凳在冬天没有发挥它的作用，即让邻居们一起聊天、思考、做决定。故选B。
4．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Soon, the bench attracted other neighbors.(很快，长凳吸引了其他邻居。)”以及最后一段中的“But now after a long winter, spring flowers are ready to bloom in the warm sunshine, and we neighbours are ready to welcome ‘The Bench’ back into our lives.(但是现在，经过一个漫长的冬天，春天的花朵已经准备好在温暖的阳光下绽放，我们邻居们也准备好欢迎‘长凳’回到我们的生活中。)”可知，长凳吸引了邻居们一起聊天、思考、做决定，它最终象征着邻里间的情谊联结。故选A。
【变式2-1】(25-26高三上·河南·期中)
For hundreds of years, my town has been having a commemoration (纪念) day to honor late heroes making a big difference in our town. The event has always been organized by a team of volunteers until they age and pass the task onto the next generation.
We always close our ceremony by reading the names of the late heroes over a soft drumming (击鼓). As the years passed and memories faded, the names of the dead were becoming a blur (模糊的记忆) and in some cases meaningless. More townspeople had difficulty appreciating the significance of the day and fewer were willing to join the team to continue the tradition, there being one volunteer taking charge for a twenty-year period. Attendance was suffering as well. Eventually, the celebration had become boring and uninspired.
Our senior volunteers were worried that if townspeople continued to lose sight of heroes’ contribution, our commemoration day would evolve into something unrecognizable. Something needed to be done. Specially selected volunteers were sought to help ease the team’s burden. It was an honor for me to be asked to assist.
I volunteered to give a speech for the coming commemoration day. The focus of my planned speech would be to change the reading of the names and honorable title of our late heroes from something routine into something that would make it clear that these were genuine heroes who once walked among us. I tried contacting their family members, distant relatives, and old friends. Amazed, everyone was so thrilled to share so many fond stories and old photos of their loved ones that I felt as if I knew each hero personally.
I integrated all those into my speech, which turned out well received, acting as the catalyst (催化剂) that got our commemoration day observance back on track. Townspeople, once reminded, were happy to dive in and show their respect.
1． Why was the commemoration day becoming less popular in the town
A．The number of late heroes there was decreasing.
B．The volunteers of the event were not well organized.
C．Drumming made the atmosphere too sad for the public.
D．People were gradually forgetting the meaning behind it.
2． What specific change did the author make to the ceremony
A．He replaced reading names with drumming.
B．He made it to bring the heroes’ names to life.
C．He organized a new team of young volunteers.
D．He invited family members to read the names.
3． How did townspeople respond to commemoration day after the speech
A．They became more involved. B．They lost interest in the event.
C．They preferred to be new heroes. D．They provided financial support.
4． What can be the best title for the text
A．The Story of a Town’s Holiday B．The Life Stories of Late Heroes
C．A Speech That Saved a Tradition D．Honoring Heroes: A Fading Faith
【变式2-2】（24-25高三上·广东部分学校·十月联考）
In Hazelwood, a group called Seedlings (幼苗) for Tomorrow gives every child three plants to grow in their own garden. Unlike a public park, these plants are theirs to keep forever. Kids “check out” at the city’s greenhouse not with money, but by joining the group’s Garden Buddy project. This project pairs each young gardener with an adult guide. They have a 45-minute virtual meeting each week to learn about gardening and nature. “Every kid should feel the joy of growing something with their own hands,” said Orson Pike, the project director.
Orson started the non-profit organization Seedlings for Tomorrow in 2022. Soon he realized that just giving away plants wasn’t enough. “Some groups think dropping off supplies is helping. But if people don’t know how to use them, it’s like giving them a stone,” he explained. That’s why the program focuses on teaching skills — like how to water plants properly, what seasons are best for planting, and how to protect flowers from insects. At the greenhouse, children can pick from sunflowers, strawberries, lavender, and even small vegetable kits. There are guidebooks in both English and Welsh.
Orson is already 70, but he’s always been enthusiastic about the growth of the next generation. He believes that by letting kids choose what they love, they’ll grow into passionate gardeners. Many kids even share their progress with classmates, making gardening a social activity.
To attract more families, Seedlings for Tomorrow visits local primary schools and community centers. Orson also hopes to build small green stations around town where people can exchange seeds and gardening tips. The project has received $20,000 from the UK-based Ecology Fund. The fund manager Elara Vane said, “Such programs are essential— they teach patience, responsibility and love for the environment, which helps kids both in and out of school,” adding that parents have noticed their children becoming more confident since joining the project.
1． What can a kid do by joining Garden Buddy project
A．Volunteer at the city’s greenhouse. B．Acquire gardening knowledge online.
C．Sell garden plants to the adult guide. D．Receive free three plants every week.
2． What philosophy does Orson’s project demonstrate
A．Hard work is the mother of success. B．Guide others, and you will learn twice.
C．Teach a man to fish, not give him a fish. D．Creative activities involve being confident.
3． How does the author highlight the project’s value in the last paragraph
A．By quoting an official. B．By giving examples.
C．By providing statistics. D．By making a comparison.
4． Which word best describes Orson
A．Adventurous. B．Determined. C．Caring. D．Flexible.
考向03 状物类记叙文
【例3-1】(2021全国甲卷C篇)
When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue-sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.
Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don't worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam（横杆）, I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “ Safe! Safe! Safe!” And that's what mattered — landing tricks, being a good skater.
When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I'd given it up.
When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I've traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was cold but clear: tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters. Weaving（穿梭）among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail-thin teenager, in a baggy white T-shirt, skidded（滑）up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice the man next to him. But soon I caught a few of his glances. “I was a local here 20 years ago,” I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”
“Yeah,” I said. “Safe.”
1. What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London
A. He felt disappointed. B. He gave up his hobby.
C. He liked the weather there. D. He had disagreements with his family.
2. What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe!” probably mean
A. Be careful! B. Well done! C. No way! D. Don't worry!
3. Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London
A. To join the skateboarding. B. To make new friends.
C. To learn more tricks. D. To relive his childhood days
4. What message does the author seem to convey in the text
A. Children should learn a second language. B. Sport is necessary for children's health.
C. Children need a sense of belonging D. Seeing the world is a must for children.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C
【解析】【分析】本文属于记叙文。本文讲述作者自己的经历，起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆，在与一个玩滑板的孩子打招呼的时候，终于找到了自己久违的熟悉感。
【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue -sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place.(除了我之外的家里人都很快适应这个城市，没有了我喜爱的沙滩和蓝天，我感到迷茫和无措)”可知，作者刚到伦敦的时候因为没有喜爱的沙滩，不能很好的融入到新的城市，感到很沮丧，故选A。
【2题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater. (那才是真正重要的——滑板的落地技巧掌握了才是一名好的滑板玩家)”可知，作者掌握了滑板落地技巧，因此他的朋友大声欢呼，因此可以推出本句的Safe是赞美的含义，结合选项，故选B。
【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段““I was a local here 20 years ago," I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.””(我告诉他：“我20年前经常在这里玩滑板，”他缓慢地开始向我点头：“嗨，你好！”)”可推知，作者去Southbank这个地方是为了寻找自己玩滑板的回忆，故选D。
【4题详解】推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。但是搬去华盛顿，因为没有遇到很好的玩滑板的朋友，几年之后就不再玩滑板，作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆，在于一个孩子打招呼的时候，终于找到了自己久违的回忆。通过作者的经历，作者要表达的是，归属感对于孩子是很重要的，故选C。
【例3-2】(25-26高三上·辽宁大连育明高级中学·期中)
Thirty-two-year-old Ethan had spent a decade building his career as a software engineer in the city, but burnout and loneliness had left him feeling lost. When his favorite childhood watch — gifted by his father who passed away when he was 12 — stopped working, he didn’t just see a broken timepiece; he saw the last real link to the man who’d taught him to fix things with patience.
Desperate to repair it, Ethan searched online and found “Maggie’s Repair Shop,” a tiny store in a quiet neighborhood on the city’s outskirts. Unlike the modern tech shops he was used to, Maggie’s was filled with tools, old-fashioned clocks, and photos of strangers’ cherished items. Maggie, a silver-haired woman in her 60s, smiled as she took the watch. “This one has stories,” she said, turning it over in her hands. “Give me a week.”
Ethan visited every evening after work, not just to check on the watch, but to escape his stressful job. He watched Maggie repair a faded quilt, a chipped ceramic mug, and a rusted bicycle, listening as customers shared stories of their items — gifts from loved ones, mementos of important moments. “Fixing things isn’t just about parts,” Maggie told him one night. “It’s about honoring what they mean to people.”
On the seventh day, Maggie handed him the watch. It ticked steadily, its leather strap polished. “I added a tiny engraving on the back,” she said. Ethan flipped it over — there was his father’s favorite quote: “Patience mends more than metal.” As he thanked her, a couple came in with a broken music box, and Ethan found himself offering to help Maggie sand its wooden case.
Weeks later, Ethan quit his high-pressure job and became Maggie’s part-time assistant. He learned to repair small items, listened to customers’ stories, and slowly rediscovered joy in the quiet, meaningful work. The watch hadn’t just been fixed-it had led him to a life that felt rooted, not rushed. Sometimes, he realized, the things we try to repair end up repairing us.
1． Why was the watch so important to him
A．It was an expensive antique timepiece.
B．It was a precious gift from his late father.
C．It had helped him get through hard workdays.
D．It was the only thing left from his childhood home.
2． What can we infer about Maggie from the passage
A．She began to fix the watch a week later.
B．She used to run a modern technology store.
C．She understands the emotional value of objects.
D．She repairs items only for close friends and family.
3． Why did Ethan start visiting Maggie’s Repair Shop every evening
A．He hoped to learn repair skills from Maggie.
B．He needed to finish his work in a quiet place.
C．He was asked to help Maggie with daily operations.
D．He wanted to ask about the watch and relax himself.
4． What is the best title for the passage
A．A Broken Watch and a Mended Heart
B．An Experience of Repairing Valuable Items
C．A Father’s Quote That Changed Everything
D．Leaving a Hig-Pressure Job for Friendship
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了软件工程师Ethan因职业倦怠和孤独感到迷茫，为修复已故父亲赠予的珍贵手表，结识了修理店老板Maggie，在见证Maggie修复物品背后情感价值的过程中，Ethan不仅修复了手表，更找回了生活的意义，最终改变人生轨迹的故事。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“When his favorite childhood watch — gifted by his father who passed away when he was 12 — stopped working, he didn’t just see a broken timepiece; he saw the last real link to the man who’d taught him to fix things with patience. (他最珍爱的童年手表——那是12岁时去世的父亲送给他的——突然罢工了。他看到的不只是个坏掉的手表，更是与那位教会他耐心修理东西的父亲之间最后的纽带)”可知，这块手表是Ethan 12岁时去世的父亲送给他的，对他来说非常重要，因为它是已故父亲送给他的珍贵礼物。故选B项。
2．推理判断题。根据第三段中玛姬说的话“Fixing things isn’t just about parts,” Maggie told him one night. “It’s about honoring what they mean to people.” (“修理东西不仅仅是关于零件，”一天晚上Maggie告诉他，“而是关于尊重它们对人们的意义。”)”可知，Maggie认为修理物品不仅仅是关于零件，更重要的是尊重物品对人们的意义。由此推知，Maggie理解物品的情感价值。故选C项。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Ethan visited every evening after work, not just to check on the watch, but to escape his stressful job. (Ethan每天下班后都去，不仅仅是为了查看手表，也是为了逃避他压力大的工作)”可知Ethan开始每晚都去Maggie的修理店，不仅仅是为了查看手表的修理情况，更是为了逃避他压力大的工作，放松自己。故选D项。
4．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了软件工程师Ethan因职业倦怠和孤独感到迷茫，为修复已故父亲赠予的珍贵手表，结识了修理店老板Maggie，在见证Maggie修复物品背后情感价值的过程中，Ethan不仅修复了手表，更找回了生活的意义。由此可知，A项“一块坏了的手表和一颗被修复的心”最符合文章主旨，既体现了手表的修理，又体现了Ethan内心的修复和转变。故选A项。
【变式3-1】(25-26高三上·河北保定四县六校·期中)
Last September, I drove to a protected wetland near my home in Oakland, California. It was the first time that I had gone somewhere merely to watch birds. Since this unique journey, I’ve seen 452 species, including 307 this year alone.
In some birding circles, people claim anyone who looks at birds is a birder. I’ve cared about birds and other animals for my entire life, and I’ve written about them throughout my two decades as a science writer, but I mark the moment when I specifically chose to devote time and energy to them as the moment I became a birder.
Birding has significantly increased the time spent outdoors. It has motivated me to explore Oakland in ways I never would have. While birding, I seem impervious to heat, cold, hunger and thirst. My senses focus only on the present, and my head becomes extremely untroubled. I also feel a much deeper connection to the natural world, which I have long written about but always remained slightly distant from.
These recent years have taught me that I’m smaller when I’m not actively looking after myself, that I have value for my world and my community beyond ceaseless production, and that pursuits like birding that encourage joy, wonder and bond with places are not sidebars to a fulfilled life but the essence.
It’s easy to perceive birding as something you do when you’re not working, not being productive, and even an escape from reality. Instead, for me, birding means absorbing myself in the present moment: my thoughts quiet, my senses heightened, and I respond to real, observable events in nature with focused awareness without being distracted (使分心) by small, unimportant matters. I don’t need to know who the main characters are on social media and what everyone is commenting on them, when I can instead spend an hour trying to locate a rare bird.
1． Why did the author think the journey to the wetland special
A．He protected bird species there. B．He fell in love with birding again.
C．He made his true start as a birder. D．He completed his writing during it.
2． What does the underlined word “impervious” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Attentive. B．Subject. C．Resistant. D．Sensitive.
3． What lesson does the author probably learn
A．Outdoor pursuits are a must-have. B．Self-care can help fuel self-worth.
C．Happiness serves as the core of life. D．Productivity defines personal value.
4． How does the author view birding according to the last paragraph
A．A complete engagement with reality. B．A temporary escape from busy life.
C．A training in focus and observation. D．A substitute for online activities.
【变式3-2】(25-26高三上·海南部分学校·月考)
My parents did not bat an eye when I was still playing with Barbies in sixth grade. My classmates were not so understanding. 12-year-old girls weren’t supposed to play with Barbies and baby dolls anymore. Due to all the teases (取笑), I started playing with the dolls less and less and put them in a large storage bin under my twin bed. It was so full that I couldn’t even attach a lid to it.
My cat, Strawberry, would sleep with me each night and greet me every day when I got home from school. When we found out that Strawberry was pregnant (怀孕的), I couldn’t have been more excited. I got a big basket and as many old sheets as I could find, so Strawberry and her kittens would be comfortable. As Strawberry got bigger, she began to sleep in my bed less and less and in her basket more and more.
Two days before Strawberry’s due date, I was playing at a friend’s house. My mom came to get me early because she hadn’t seen Strawberry all afternoon and was worried about her. I immediately jumped in the car, knowing that she was probably hiding somewhere having kittens. As we drove home, my mom explained that my brothers had their friends over and were being awfully loud, so Strawberry probably didn’t feel safe in the basket I made for her.
When I ran into my room, I heard the cries of tiny kittens. I looked all over my room, but I couldn’t find where the cries were coming from. Finally, I searched under my bed, and the cries got louder. I managed to pull out my Barbie bin and found sweet, tiny kittens surrounded by a sea of blood-covered Barbies.
I wasn’t as upset as I thought I would be. It was time to let go of my Barbie dolls. Sometimes, childhood slips away without you realizing it, and other times it ends with something really important, like a bin filled with bloody Barbies.
1． Why did the author stop playing with Barbies as much
A．She lost interest in them. B．Her parents asked her to.
C．She had no time to spare. D．Her classmates laughed at her.
2． What can we know about Strawberry after she was pregnant
A．She was feeling unwell. B．She wanted to be alone.
C．She preferred her basket. D．She disliked playing outside.
3． Why did the author rush home
A．To search for lost Strawberry. B．To keep an appointment with her friends.
C．To check on kittens’ condition. D．To ask her brother for help quickly.
4． What does the author try to express through the text
A．Humans and animals can live in harmony. B．Time is the best medicine for wounds.
C．Nothing is more important than friends. D．Childhood ends in unexpected ways.
专题01 高考真题练
A
（2025·全国二卷·高考）
Kathy Ho teaches high school inside Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford (LPCH). “Sometimes I don’t like saying that I’m a teacher,” says Ho. “People get in their minds an idea of what teachers do, but that’s not really what it is here.”
“Here” is room 386, where each year, about 500 LPCH patients also become students. The hospital school is free of parents, doctors, and medical procedures. It’s a place of learning. About half of Ho’s students stay for a week or less; others are there for more than a year. Most of Ho’s students will recover, which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care.
Still, in room 386, academics don’t come first. Physical health and mental health are the priority. “If you’re scared about something and thinking only about that, there’s no way you’re going to be able to learn,” Ho says. “I’m a coach, an adviser, and a comforter, and that’s what it means to be a hospital teacher.”
There are up to 30 students at any given time in Ho’s class. She generally works with their regular teachers to get lessons and tests being used at their home schools. Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments; they express sympathy instead. “I feel like it is a disservice to the kids,” Ho says. “They think their teachers don’t care about their schoolwork.”
Ho recognizes the psychological benefit of helping kids keep up with their peers (同龄人) outside the hospital. “I actually think the medicine is only a small piece for some problems,” says Julie Good, director of pain management services at LPCH. “It’s about problem-solving around what it means to have a full life. Those kids have dreams. School can keep those dreams alive by giving kids a way to learn and grow.”
1． Who does Ho teach at LPCH
A．Sick children. B．Young nurses.
C．Medical students. D．Patients’ parents.
2． What is a characteristic of Ho’s job
A．Prioritizing academics. B．Encouraging innovation.
C．Treating various diseases. D．Playing multiple roles.
3． What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 4
A．Offering regular lessons. B．Paying extra attention.
C．Assigning no schoolwork. D．Showing no sympathy.
4． How does the hospital school benefit the students according to Good
A．It eases peer pressure. B．It helps them live in hope.
C．It frees them from aches. D．It entertains them with stories.
B
（2024·新课标Ⅰ·高考）
“I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine-combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine.
Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.
Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment.
Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,” he says. “I will do anything to help an animal. That’s my job.”
1． What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him
A．He’s odd. B．He’s strict. C．He’s brave. D．He’s rude.
2． Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets
A．He was trained in it at university. B．He was inspired by another veterinarian.
C．He benefited from it as a patient. D．He wanted to save money for pet owners.
3． What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．Steps of a chiropractic treatment. B．The complexity of veterinarians’ work.
C．Examples of rare animal diseases. D．The effectiveness of holistic medicine.
4． Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association
A．To prove Farber’s point. B．To emphasize its importance.
C．To praise veterinarians. D．To advocate animal protection.
C
（2024·浙江·首考）
When was the last time you used a telephone box I mean to make an actual phone call — not to shelter from the rain. Ages ago, right The last time I used a phone box for its intended purpose was…2006. I was conducting auditions (试演) for my play in my tiny old shared house in London. Hoping to impress some talented actors to come and work for me for nothing, I spread some throws over the sofas and lit candles to make it seem a bit more ”young professional”.
As I rushed outdoors to empty the wastepaper baskets, the door swung shut behind me. Suddenly I was locked outside. My mobile phone was inside, but luckily there was a telephone box across the street. So, I called Directory Assistance, got put through to our landlady’s managing agent, and had a spare key sent to me with just enough time to get back in before the actors arrived.
As it has been many years since I last used one, I should hardly be surprised that then are no longer any public telephones near my house. The last one standing has just been turn into a “mini community library”: any passer-by can “borrow” a book from its shelves return it later, or replace it with another title from their own collection.
For a few months after the “library” opened, I didn’t bother taking a look, as I had assumed that it would be stuffed full of cheese love stories. Then I noticed folk conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous books on various subjects there. And these books were free. This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to experiment with dozens of titles that I would never normally consider buying. And I’ve discovered some great books!
If I ever get trapped outside my house again, my local telephone box will, sadly no longer be able to connect me with my keys. But it can certainly keep me entertained while I wait for my wife to rescue me.
1． What does the underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refer to
A．The play. B．The shared house.
C．The sofa. D．The telephone box.
2． Why did the author use the telephone box in 2006
A．To place an urgent call. B．To put up a notice.
C．To shelter from the rain. D．To hold an audition.
3． What do we know about the “mini community library”
A．It provides phone service for free. B．Anyone can contribute to its collection.
C．It is popular among young readers. D．Books must be returned within a month.
4． Why did the author start to use the “library”
A．He wanted to borrow some love stories.
B．He was encouraged by a close neighbour.
C．He found there were excellent free books.
D．He thought it was an ideal place for reading.
专题02 优秀模拟题
A
（2025·云南民大附中·第三次模拟预测）
When Dr. Daniel Olaiya isn’t presenting Operation Ouch! on CBBC, he is working as a National Health Service doctor, specializing in anesthesiology (麻醉学). He is also a flight doctor, which means he works on air ambulances.
Olaiya’s interest in science didn’t start with school lessons. Instead, it grew from his love of science fiction. He was a big fan of superheroes, in particular the X-Men comics. His favourite character was Havok, who can release powerful energy, which Olaiya thought was really cool. Another hero that he admired was the film character Indiana Jones, an adventurous archaeologist and professor at a university. He used to dream of becoming “Indiana Jones” in his own way.
Becoming a doctor wasn’t always Olaiya’s dream, but by the end of secondary school, he viewed it as a career where he would deal with people, go on adventures and use his scientific knowledge, which was both enjoyable and challenging. Pre-medical studies were really difficult because there was a lot to study. He struggled with it, but when he started his degree at the University of Exeter, he says, “That was when the fun began.” He loved outdoor adventures and activities while he was studying there.
In 2016, Olaiya joined FameLab, a global science communication competition, to share scientific ideas with audience. He delivered a creative three-minute talk on the science of happiness. The next year, he participated again, despite arriving an hour late due to heavy traffic. The talk ended up being a success and Olaiya made it through to FameLab’s national final.
Science communication is still an important part of Olaiya’s job—he is now one of the presenters on Operation Ouch! on CBBC． His most important advice for any young doctor is to work really hard at school and “dive as deep as you can into the science and the human aspect, because you can’t have one without the other in medicine.”
1． What initially sparked Olaiya’s scientific interest
A．Characters in science fiction. B．A global speech competition.
C．Formal classroom education. D．Medical training in university.
2． Why did Olaiya take part in FameLab
A．To win its final prize. B．To better spread science.
C．To be a TV presenter. D．To show his medical skills.
3． Which of the following words can best describe Olaiya
A．Reserved and talented. B．Independent and ambitious.
C．Warm-hearted and creative. D．Adventurous and determined.
4． What does Olaiya’s advice highlight
A．All efforts will pay off one day. B．It is never too late to learn science.
C．Medicine needs humanity and science. D．Caring for patients overweighs skills.
B
（25-26高三上·海南·学业水平诊断一）
Need a ride to the doctor I’ll be glad to take you. Does your dog need to be walked while you’re on vacation No problem.
Relatives, colleagues, neighbors, and even casual acquaintances all seemed to have my number. In my opinion, doing good for others could not only benefit those in need but also make me feel good. And I was OK with that until one afternoon when I received a call from an acquaintance of my dad’s.
This man I barely knew phoned to inform me that I was to drive him to a medical appointment the following Tuesday. I checked my calendar. Then I told him as nicely as possible that I couldn’t help him that day because of my tight schedule. His reaction wasn’t very kind.
At that moment, I checked my calendar carefully. I was averaging 14 good deeds a month. I stepped away from the calendar, eyes finally opened, and took a closer look at myself in the mirror. Dark circles shadowed my eyes. I didn’t feel like my usual energetic self. Clearly, it was time for me to change.
I brought my concerns to my friend Lucille. Though she was another busy woman, she still had time to socialize and get a good night’s rest. How did she manage all that She gave me her secret in one word: limits. She told me not to run every time someone calls. Inst题型06 阅读理解记叙文
题型简介
记叙文类文章描述的是一件具体事情的发生、发展和结局，通常有时间、地点、人物、事件等。有些文章是按事件发展的经过为主线叙述的，在叙述的过程中有详有略；有些文章是按时间的顺序叙述的，有顺叙、倒叙等。从总体上来讲，文章的难度通常不大，在阅读过程中，我们一直在某个线索的引导下，随着作者的思路去了解一个故事或一件事情的始末，因此会感到比较轻松。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的意图和态度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。阅读此类文章应特别注意：（1）若是一般故事性文章，应读懂故事的发生、发展、高潮和结局；（2）若是＂哲理故事＂，要理解故事所蕴含的哲理意义；（3）若是 ＂逸闻趣事＂，应体会对话的风趣性，进而才能感受幽默的精髓。记叙文的目的在于：讲述故事：交代事件的起因、经过、发展和结果。塑造人物：通过人物的言行、心理活动来展现其性格与情感。表达情感/阐明道理：故事背后往往蕴含着深刻的人生哲理、情感体验或社会价值。
设题类型&命题方式
考向1：人物类记叙文
这类文章以塑造人物形象为核心，通过具体事例展现人物的性格、品质、情感和贡献。
1）细节理解题
命题方式：直接询问人物的具体信息，如：人物的某个行为、所说的话、取得的成就、生平背景等。常见问法：
What did the person do when...
According to the passage, how did he achieve...
2）推理判断题（重点）
命题方式：要求根据人物的言行、选择以及他人评价，推断其内在的性格特征、情感态度、动机或品质。
常见问法：
What can we infer about the person's character from Paragraph X
How did the person probably feel after the event
Why did the person make such a decision (考查动机)
What kind of person is...
3）主旨大意题
命题方式：考查对人物形象的整体把握，或概括文章主要目的是为了展现人物的哪个方面。
常见问法：
What is the main purpose of the passage
What is the best title for the passage (通常包含人物名称或其核心品质)
What does the author mainly want to tell us about the person
4）观点态度题
命题方式：考查作者或文中其他人物对主人公的态度是钦佩、同情、批评还是中立。
常见问法：
What is the author's attitude towards the person
考向2：叙事类记叙文
这类文章以叙述事件为核心，强调情节的发展、转折和结果，并从中引出教训、感悟或启示。
1）细节理解题
命题方式：考查对事件发生的时间、地点、原因、经过、结果等具体信息的把握，有时会要求对事件发展过程进行排序。
常见问法：
What caused the event to happen
What was the turning point of the story
2）推理判断题（重点）
命题方式：要求根据情节发展，推测事件的后续影响、人物的命运，或分析事件之间的因果关系。
常见问法：
What would probably happen next
What can be inferred from the end of the story
Why did the event end in such a way (考查深层因果)
3）主旨大意题（高频）
命题方式：考查对事件背后深层寓意、人生教训或作者写作意图的理解。这是叙事文的必考点。
常见问法：
What is the main idea of the passage
What does the story want to tell us
What lesson did the author learn from the experience
4）词义猜测题
命题方式：文中的生词或短语往往与关键情节或人物动作相关，需要根据上下文语境进行推断。
常见问法：
The underlined word "..." in Paragraph 2 probably means ______.
What does the phrase "..." refer to in the context
考向3：状物类记叙文
这类文章以一个具体的“物”（如旧物、动物、地点）为核心，通过对它的描述，抒发情感、寄托思念或象征某种精神。
1）写作目的与主旨题（核心）
命题方式：直接考查作者描写该“物”的深层意图，即“借物抒情”或“托物言志”中的“情”和“志”是什么。
常见问法：
What is the author's main purpose in writing this passage
Why does the author describe the ... in such detail
What is the best title for the passage (标题通常会体现“物”与“情”的联系)
2）含义理解与推断题
命题方式：考查对“物”的象征意义、情感价值或它作为线索所连接的记忆与人物的理解。
常见问法：
What does the ... symbolize in the author's heart
What can we learn about the author's grandfather from the description of the watch
What does the author really mean by mentioning the old tree
3）细节理解题
命题方式：询问关于“物”本身的外观、来源、功能等细节，但这些细节通常是为表达情感服务的。
常见问法：
How did the author get the ...
What is special about the ... according to the passage
4）观点态度题
命题方式：考查作者对该“物”所怀有的情感，如珍爱、怀念、感激、遗憾等。
常见问法：
How does the author feel towards the ...
What is the tone of the passage
解题思路
第一部分：通用解题法 —— 应对所有记叙文的四大步骤
无论遇到哪种类型的记叙文，遵循以下四个步骤，能保证你思路清晰，不遗漏关键信息。
步骤1：速读全文，抓住要素，把握主线
目标：不要在第一遍阅读时就纠结于生词或细节。你的任务是搞懂“谁，在何时何地，做了什么事，结果如何，有何感悟”。
解题步骤：
圈出主要人物（Who）。
划出故事发生的时间、地点（When & Where）。
用一句话在心里概括核心事件或人物特征（What）。
特别关注首段和尾段，这里往往是主旨的所在。
步骤2：审读题干，定位关键词
目标：明确题目在问什么，并带着问题回到文中寻找答案。
解题步骤：
仔细阅读题干和每个选项。
找出题干中的关键词，如：人名、地名、动词、名词短语、引号内的词等。
判断题型（是细节题、推理题还是主旨题）。
步骤3：精读定位，分析判断
目标：根据关键词，回到原文中找到相关的句子或段落（定位），并进行深入分析。
行动：
“地毯式”搜索：在原文中找到与题干关键词对应或同义替换的句子。
“语境式”理解：精读定位句及其前后句，确保理解准确。
对于不同题型：
细节题：直接比对选项与原文，注意同义替换。
推理/词义题：分析上下文逻辑关系（因果、转折、举例、定义等）。
主旨/目的题：回顾文章整体结构和首尾段。
步骤4：比对选项，排除干扰
目标：选出最符合原文的答案。
核心：熟知错误选项的常见陷阱：无中生有：选项内容原文未提及。偷换概念：对原文信息进行细微的曲解。以偏概全：用局部信息代替整体主旨。过度绝对：使用如 always, never, all 等绝对化词汇。正反混淆：与原文信息完全相反。
第二部分：专项技巧 —— 针对三大考向的解题重心
在运用通用心法的基础上，针对不同考向，你的思考重心应有所侧重。
1. 人物类记叙文：核心方法是“由事见人”
阅读重心：关注所有用于描写人物的形容词、副词、动词以及人物的对话、心理活动和他人评价。
解题关键：
遇到询问“性格、品质、态度”的题目，不要主观臆断，一定要在文中找到具体事例作为证据。
将人物的行为（做了什么）与其背后的动机（为什么做）和品质（体现了他是什么样的人）联系起来。
公式：具体事例/言行 → 推断出 → 性格/品质/情感
2. 叙事类记叙文：核心方法是“由事及理”
阅读重心：理清情节发展链条（起因→经过→高潮→结果），特别关注事件的转折点和最终结果。
解题关键：
遇到询问“主旨、教训、启示”的题目，答案往往藏在故事的结局或作者在文末的直接议论和抒情中。
叙事文的最终目的不是讲故事本身，而是通过故事表达一个观点或道理。因此，读完一定要问自己：“作者想通过这个故事告诉我什么？”
公式：完整事件（尤其结果）+ 作者感悟 → 提炼出 → 主旨/启示
3. 状物类记叙文：核心方法是“由物及情”
阅读重心：不要被对“物”的细致描写所迷惑，要思考“这个物背后关联着什么人？什么事？承载了什么情感？”
解题关键：
遇到询问“写作目的、象征意义、作者情感”的题目，答案绝不是物体本身的物理属性，而是它的情感价值和精神象征。
文中对物的描写（如“破旧但整洁”）往往暗示了相关人物的品质或作者的情感（如“珍视、怀念”）。
公式：物的特征/来历 + 相关回忆/人物 → 挖掘出 → 情感/精神象征
考向01 人物类记叙文
【例1-1】（25-26高三·江西·一轮复习阶段检测）
When Dr. Daniel Olaiya isn’t presenting Operation Ouch! on CBBC, he is working as a National Health Service doctor, specializing in anesthesiology (麻醉学). He is also a flight doctor, which means he works on air ambulances.
Olaiya’s interest in science didn’t start with school lessons. Instead, it grew from his love of science fiction. He was a big fan of superheroes, in particular the X-Men comics. His favourite character was Havok, who can release powerful energy, which Olaiya thought was really cool. Another hero that he admired was the film character Indiana Jones, an adventurous archaeologist and professor at a university. He used to dream of becoming “Indiana Jones” in his own way.
Becoming a doctor wasn’t always Olaiya’s dream, but by the end of secondary school, he viewed it as a career where he would deal with people, go on adventures and use his scientific knowledge, which was both enjoyable and challenging. Pre-medical studies were really difficult because there was a lot to study. He struggled with it, but when he started his degree at the University of Exeter, he says, “That was when the fun began.” He loved outdoor adventures and activities while he was studying there.
In 2016, Olaiya joined FameLab, a global science communication competition, to share scientific ideas with audience. He delivered a creative three-minute talk on the science of happiness. The next year, he participated again, despite arriving an hour late due to heavy traffic. The talk ended up being a success and Olaiya made it through to FameLab’s national final.
Science communication is still an important part of Olaiya’s job — he is now one of the presenters on Operation Ouch! on CBBC． His most important advice for any young doctor is to work really hard at school and “dive as deep as you can into the science and the human aspect, because you can’t have one without the other in medicine.”
1． What initially sparked Olaiya’s scientific interest
A．Characters in science fiction. B．A global speech competition.
C．Formal classroom education. D．Medical training in university.
2． Why did Olaiya take part in FameLab
A．To win its final prize. B．To better spread science.
C．To be a TV presenter. D．To show his medical skills.
3． Which of the following words can best describe Olaiya
A．Reserved and talented. B．Independent and ambitious.
C．Warm-hearted and creative. D．Adventurous and determined.
4． What does Olaiya’s advice highlight
A．All efforts will pay off one day. B．It is never too late to learn science.
C．Medicine needs humanity and science. D．Caring for patients overweighs skills.
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了医生兼科学传播者Daniel Olaiya的职业生涯，分享了他如何从科幻迷成长为医学专家，并通过FameLab和电视节目推动科学普及，还强调医学需兼顾科学与人道精神。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Olaiya’s interest in science didn’t start with school lessons. Instead, it grew from his love of science fiction. He was a big fan of superheroes, in particular the X-Men comics. (Olaiya的科学兴趣并非始于学校课程，而是源于他对科幻小说的热爱。他特别喜欢超级英雄，尤其是《X战警》漫画。)”可知，最初激发Olaiya科学兴趣的是科幻小说中的角色。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段中“In 2016, Olaiya joined FameLab, a global science communication competition, to share scientific ideas with audience. (2016年，Olaiya参加了一项全球科学传播比赛FameLab，旨在向观众分享科学理念。)”可知，Olaiya参加FameLab的目的是更好地传播科学。故选B项。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段中“He is also a flight doctor, which means he works on air ambulances. (他也是一名飞行医生，这意味着他在空中救护车上工作。)”和第三段中“He loved outdoor adventures and activities while he was studying there. (当他在那里学习时，他喜欢户外冒险和活动。)”可知，Olaiya热爱户外探险活动，且从事飞行医生这样高挑战性的职业，表明他具有冒险精神；根据第三段中“Pre-medical studies were really difficult because there was a lot to study. He struggled with it, but when he started his degree at the University of Exeter, he says, “That was when the fun began.” (医学预科学习真的很难，因为要学的东西太多了。他曾为此挣扎过，但当他开始在埃克塞特大学攻读学位时，他说：“那就是乐趣开始的时候。”)”可知，Olaiya克服医学预科困难，表明他有坚定决心。故选D项。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“His most important advice for any young doctor is to work really hard at school and “dive as deep as you can into the science and the human aspect, because you can’t have one without the other in medicine.” (他对年轻医生最重要的建议是在学校努力学习，“尽可能深入地研究科学和人文方面，因为在医学上，两者缺一不可。”)”可知，Olaiya的建议强调医学必须结合科学与人文。故选C项。
【例1-2】(25-26高三上·四川广安中学·月考)
At first sight, Easthope doesn’t seem much like a Cassandra. She smiles a lot. Her manner is kind and motherly; pushed to name her profession, you might guess at nurse or teacher. But look closer.
Easthope is an emergency planner whose job is to support the survivors of major disasters, in which capacity she acted following the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and the fire at Grenfell Tower. For two decades, the public knew nothing about this vital work, which went on behind the scenes, though she was hugely admired in what we might call professional disaster circles: a voice of calm and a fountain of wisdom. But in 2023, she published a best-selling book about her career, When the Dust Settles, and that changed. People became very interested in what she did.
“At literary festivals, most authors get questions about their writing process,” Easthope says. “But I wouldn’t get those. What people wanted from me was to know how I lived with the knowledge that I have. Wasn’t I afraid How did I handle I would tell them that I didn’t live afraid, and I would give them basic advice. But this wasn’t enough.” In the end, she felt she had no choice but to write a second book, one in which she would try to distill (浓缩) all that she has learned for the benefit of each individual.
While her publisher describes Come What May as a roadmap for resilience (韧性), the word is one Easthope dislikes. Ready, she suggests, is a better one. Easthope also reminds people that small things, like losing hair during illness or consuming too much food after someone dies, still matter. She encourages people to remember, not to forget, what happened during disasters, because such events leave a long-lasting effect.
1． What might a Cassandra be like according to paragraph 1
A．Serious and unapproachable. B．Competent and cautious.
C．Friendly and energetic. D．Cheerful and easy-going.
2．What led to increased public awareness of Easthope’s work in 2023
A．The publication of a bestseller. B．The growth of professional disaster circles.
C．Her involvement in 2004 tsunami relief. D．Her sudden rise to fame through media.
3．Why are readers’ questions cited (引用) in paragraph 3
A．To reveal Easthope’s personal fears. B．To explain Easthope’s writing process.
C．To show Easthope’s writing motivation. D．To present public doubts about Easthope’s work.
4． What does Easthope agree on handling disasters
A．Resilience matters most. B．Forgetting aids recovery.
C．Positive thinking takes the lead. D．Minor sufferings deserve attention.
【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述应急规划师伊斯特霍普的职业经历、著作出版后受到的关注，以及她关于人们应对灾难的观点和建议。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“At first sight, Easthope doesn’t seem much like a Cassandra. She smiles a lot. Her manner is kind and motherly; pushed to name her profession, you might guess at nurse or teacher. But look closer. (乍一看，伊斯特霍普不太像卡桑德拉。她经常微笑。她的举止和蔼可亲，像母亲一样；如果非要说出她的职业，你可能会猜是护士或老师。但再仔细看看。)”可知，伊斯特霍普的“笑容满面、亲切有母性”与卡桑德拉的特质相反，由此可推知卡桑德拉应是严肃且难以接近的。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But in 2023, she published a best-selling book about her career, When the Dust Settles, and that changed. People became very interested in what she did.(但在2023年，她出版了一本关于自己职业生涯的畅销书《尘埃落定之时》，一切都变了。人们开始对她的工作产生浓厚兴趣)”可知，2023年一本畅销书的出版让公众对伊斯特霍普的工作有了更多了解。故选A项。
3．推理判断题。根据第三段中““At literary festivals, most authors get questions about their writing process,” Easthope says. “But I wouldn’t get those. What people wanted from me was to know how I lived with the knowledge that I have. Wasn’t I afraid How did I handle I would tell them that I didn’t live afraid, and I would give them basic advice. But this wasn’t enough.”(伊斯特霍普坦言：“文学节上，大多数作家都会被问及创作过程，但没人问我这些。人们想了解的是，我如何背负着这些认知继续生活。难道不害怕吗？如何应对？我会告诉他们我从不活在恐惧中，并给出基本建议。但这远远不够。”)”和“In the end, she felt she had no choice but to write a second book, one in which she would try to distill all that she has learned for the benefit of each individual.(最终，她觉得自己别无选择，只能写第二本书，一本试图浓缩她所学一切、造福每个人的书)”可知，引用读者的问题是为了说明这些问题让伊斯特霍普意识到需要通过写书分享更多经验，即体现她写第二本书的动机。故选C项。
4．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Easthope also reminds people that small things, like losing hair during illness or consuming too much food after someone dies, still matter.(伊斯特霍普还提醒人们，一些小事仍然重要，比如生病时脱发或有人去世后暴饮暴食。)”可知，伊斯特霍普认为生病时脱发或有人去世后暴饮暴食这样的小事也很重要，即微小的痛苦也值得关注。故选D项。
【变式1-1】(25-26高三上·安徽·期中)
Even the strongest of swimmers get tears in their goggles (护目镜). Just ask Rylee Sayer, whose list of achievements has become even longer after being selected to compete as an Aquablack at her first-ever World Para Swimming Championships(WPSC).
The Hauraki Plains College student was born with a rare condition, and later, she suffered from an aggressive form of bone cancer. Within a month of the diagnosis (诊断), she had to have a forequarter amputation (截肢) of her right arm.
But with all her courage and determination, Rylee has taken the suffering and turned it into a positive. Despite her limb loss, Rylee held on firmly to her passion for swimming. Training six to seven times weekly at Matamata Swim Club under coach Graeme Laing, she rebuilt her strength and technique. “All the training and hard work has paid off,” she told The Profile. “I have had a lot of tears in my goggles, but my motivation always wipes them away. Her efforts led to a historic moment: selection for the 2023 World Para Swimming Championships in Manchester, Great Britain. She said she cried with excitement alongside her mum and a close friend who gave her “a big hug”.
“I am more than grateful to have the opportunity,” she said. Being her first WPSC, she said it was hard to know what to expect, but she aimed to reach finals and set personal bests. Her pre-race routine included hype music for mental focus and careful stretching.
She said her motivation is rooted in how far she has come from the start of her cancer journey. “Little me would be so proud of how far I have come now,” she said. “I’m grateful to everyone who has been helping me on this journey, especially my family.”
1．What directly contributes to Rylee’s amputation
A．A serious athletic injury. B．The delay in treatment.
C．A severe bone condition. D．The after-effects of previous surgery.
2．How did Rylee feel when selected to compete in the WPSC
A．Anxious but proud. B．Stressed but confident.
C．Calm and responsible. D．Overjoyed and appreciative.
3．Where does Rylee’s motivation mainly come from
A．The desire to win the championships. B．Her pride in participating in the WPSC．
C．Her progress in fighting against the disease. D．The support from her family and friends.
4．What does Rylee’s story tell us
A．It’s never too old to learn. B．Well begun is half done.
C．Actions speak louder than words. D．Nothing is impossible for a willing heart.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述Rylee Sayer面对骨癌和截肢的逆境，凭借勇气、决心和努力最终入选世界残疾人游泳锦标赛。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“The Hauraki Plains College student was born with a rare condition, and later, she suffered from an aggressive form of bone cancer. Within a month of the diagnosis (诊断), she had to have a forequarter amputation (截肢) of her right arm.(这位Hauraki Plains学院的学生生来就患有一种罕见的疾病，后来，她患上了一种侵袭性骨癌。在确诊后的一个月内，她不得不接受右上肢高位截肢)”可知，因为患上了一种侵袭性骨癌，所以Rylee不得不截肢，故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据第三段中“She said she cried with excitement alongside her mum and a close friend who gave her “a big hug”.(她说她激动地哭了，妈妈和一个好朋友给了她一个大大的拥抱)”和第四段中“I am more than grateful to have the opportunity(我非常感激能有这个机会)”可知，入选WPSC时她非常高兴并心怀感激，故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“She said her motivation is rooted in how far she has come from the start of her cancer journey.(她说，她的动力源于她从癌症之旅开始到现在已经走了多远)”可知，Rylee的动力主要来源于和疾病斗争所取得的进步，故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第三段中“But with all her courage and determination, Rylee has taken the suffering and turned it into a positive.(但凭借她所有的勇气和决心，Rylee已经把痛苦变成了积极的一面)”可知，文章主要讲述Rylee Sayer面对骨癌和截肢的逆境，凭借勇气、决心和努力最终在入选世界残疾人游泳锦标赛。这体现了坚强的意志能克服不可能，选项D“心之所愿，无所不成”符合题意，故选D。
【变式1-2】(25-26高三上·江苏泰州靖江·期中)
Chinese Nobel Prize-winning physicist Zhen Ning Yang, one of the most influential scientists in modern physics, passed away in Beijing on October 18 due to illness at the age of 103.
Born in 1922, Yang was brought up surrounded by the Tsinghua campus, where his father was a math professor. After finishing his undergraduate degree, he obtained his master’s degree from Tsinghua. He enrolled in the University of Chicago in the United States to pursue a doctorate in 1946 and was strongly influenced by Italian-American physicist Enrico Fermi, who had won the same Nobel Prize in 1938. He later became a professor at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton.
Yang won the Nobel Prize in 1957 with Tsung-Dao Lee for their investigation of the so-called parity laws that led to “important discoveries regarding the elementary particles,” according to the Nobel Prize website. They were the first Chinese-born Nobel Prize winners in physics.
Professor Yang was deeply devoted to his homeland, making remarkable contributions to China’s scientific and educational developments. His visit to China in 1971 led to a wave of visits by overseas scholars, earning him recognition as the pioneer in building the bridge of academic exchange between China and the United States. He later proposed the restoration and strengthening of basic scientific research to China’s central leadership. He also raised funds to establish the “Committee on Educational Exchange with China”, which has continuously sponsored nearly 100Chinese scholars for advanced studies in the United States. These scholars later became the backbone of China’ s scientific and technological development. He undertook extensive work to promote China’s scientific and technological exchange and progress, offering advice and exercising significant influence on major Chinese scientific projects and the formulation (制定) of science and education policies.
After returning to Tsinghua University in 1999, he took on developing the Institute for Advanced Study as his new mission. He poured enormous effort into advancing fundamental disciplines like physics and cultivating talents at Tsinghua, making remarkable contributions that greatly impacted the reform and development of Chinese higher education.
Professor Yang’s life stands as a timeless chapter in human history — one that shines not only for China but for the global community of thinkers and innovators.
1．What is the article mainly about
A．Yang’s lifelong contributions to China. B．Yang’s research on elementary particles.
C．Yang’s influence on global science policy. D．Yang’s educational background in America.
2．Why was Yang’s 1971 visit significant
A．It focused on political dialogue. B．It promoted cultural activities in China.
C．It aimed to win a Nobel Prize for China. D．It initiated academic exchanges with the US.
3．What did Yang do for Chinese scholars
A．He funded their advanced studies abroad. B．He helped them win international awards.
C．He taught them advanced physics personally. D．He offered them jobs in American universities.
4．How does the author view Yang’s contributions
A．It is primarily for Chinese scientists. B．It belongs to the whole world.
C．It lies in his Nobel Prize achievement. D．It is mainly about educational reform.
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章记述了诺贝尔奖得主物理学家杨振宁的生平事迹及其对中外科学界与教育事业作出的卓越贡献。
1．主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第四段中心句“Professor Yang was deeply devoted to his homeland, making remarkable contributions to China’s scientific and educational developments.(杨教授对祖国深怀热爱，为中国的科学和教育事业作出了卓越的贡献。)”和第五段中心句“After returning to Tsinghua University in 1999, he took on developing the Institute for Advanced Study as his new mission. (1999年回到清华大学后，他把发展高等研究院作为自己的新使命。)”可知，文章重点展现杨振宁教授毕生对祖国的奉献。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段中“His visit to China in 1971 led to a wave of visits by overseas scholars, earning him recognition as the pioneer in building the bridge of academic exchange between China and the United States.(1971年，他对中国的访问引发了一波海外学者的访问浪潮，他被公认为建立中美学术交流桥梁的先驱。)”可知，此次访问开创了中美学术交流。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段“ He also raised funds to establish the “Committee on Educational Exchange with China”, which has continuously sponsored nearly 100Chinese scholars for advanced studies in the United States.(他还筹集资金成立了“中美教育交流委员会”，该委员会已连续资助了近100名中国学者前往美国深造)”可知，他为学者提供海外研修资助。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据末段作者评价“Professor Yang’s life stands as a timeless chapter in human history—one that shines not only for China but for the global community of thinkers and innovators.(杨教授的一生是人类历史上永恒的篇章，不仅为中国，也为全球的思想家和创新者闪耀着光辉。)”可知，其贡献具有世界意义。故选B。
考向02 叙事类记叙文
【例2-1】(24-25高三下·广西来宾高级中学·)
Holding my hands, my grandparents boarded a green-skinned train in Hangzhou, which rocked and swayed for twenty-five hours straight to Ulanqab (乌兰察布市), Inner Mongolia. This is my childhood memory of returning home.
As the train journeyed north, the scenery outside the window gradually transformed from the gentle charm of the south to the vast openness of the north. Everything felt so beautiful, even the clamor (喧闹) inside the carriage carried a warmth. Before dawn the next day, I pressed my forehead against the fogged glass, watching the distant sunrise break through the horizon. It seemed as though the morning sun had risen solely to welcome our return.
After starting elementary school, trips back to my hometown grew sparse, and that direct train quietly closed down. The rails rusted into dotted lines in memory, and my hometown became a faint shadow on a photographic negative (照相底片).
Then, last year, Grandpa passed away, and the frequency of returning home suddenly surged. Yet, the journey no longer held the leisurely comfort of childhood it became a long, exhausting journey. We rushed to the airport before daybreak, weighed down by luggage check-ins. The cramped cabin and turbulent air currents added discomfort, while navigating the maze-like airport and enduring hours of road travel left us arriving under completely dark skies. There was no time to admire the scenery, let alone the endless sea of clouds outside the airplane window.
This year, upon hearing that the long-suspended train had resumed operation, an indescribable excitement welled up in my heart. A month ago, I finally boarded this long-missed train again. As night fell, the train slowly set off. The familiar voices in the carriage, mingling with the rhythmic clatter of wheels against tracks, blended into a nostalgic lullaby (怀旧的摇篮曲). Lying on the bunk, I felt the gentle sway of the train, as though cradled in the arms of Mother Earth...Years have blurred the details of my memory, and I have sketched it one by one with my imagination.
Finally, the train arrived at my hometown. The moment I met my grandma, the long-accumulated yearning in my heart burst out like a tidal stream now...
1．Why does the author describe the train journey in her childhood
A．To compare the train journey with air travel.
B．To show the inconvenience of traveling by train.
C．To emphasize the long distance to her hometown.
D．To highlight the beauty and warmth of the train journey.
2．What does the underlined word “sparse” in paragraph 3 most probably mean
A．Rare. B．Frequent. C．Regular. D．Complex.
3．What is the author’s attitude towards modern travel by air
A．Indifferent. B．Grateful. C．Dissatisfied. D．Enthusiastic.
4．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Memories of My Hometown B．Old tracks Back Home
C．The Change of Transportation D．The Beauty of Air Travel
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者通过停运后又恢复的火车路线回到家乡的怀旧之旅。
1．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“As the train journeyed north, the scenery outside the window gradually transformed from the gentle charm of the south to the vast openness of the north. Everything felt so beautiful, even the clamor (喧闹) inside the carriage carried a warmth.(随着火车向北行驶，窗外的景色逐渐由南方的温婉妩媚变成了北方的广阔开阔。一切都是那么美好，就连车厢里的喧闹声也带着一种温暖)”可知，作者描写她童年的火车之旅是为了突出火车之旅的美丽和温暖。故选D。
2．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“that direct train quietly closed down. The rails rusted into dotted lines in memory, and my hometown became a faint shadow on a photographic negative(那列直达列车悄悄停运了。铁轨在记忆中锈迹斑斑，我的家乡成了底片上模糊的影子)”可知，在文章的上下文中作者开始上小学后，那列直达列车悄然停运了。铁轨在记忆中锈蚀成了点点痕迹，说明回故乡的旅行变得稀少、罕见，sparse的意思是“稀少”，和rare意思相近。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Yet, the journey no longer held the leisurely comfort of childhood it became a long, exhausting journey. We rushed to the airport before daybreak, weighed down by luggage check-ins. The cramped cabin and turbulent air currents added discomfort, while navigating the maze-like airport and enduring hours of road travel left us arriving under completely dark skies. There was no time to admire the scenery, let alone the endless sea of clouds outside the airplane window.(然而，这段旅程不再有童年的悠闲舒适，它变成了一段漫长而疲惫的旅程。我们在黎明前赶到机场，行李托运工作压得我们喘不过气来。狭窄的机舱和汹涌的气流增加了我们的不适，而在迷宫般的机场穿行和长时间的公路旅行让我们在完全黑暗的天空下到达。没有时间欣赏风景，更不用说飞机窗外无尽的云海了)”可知，作者将现代航空旅行描述为“漫长而疲惫的跋涉”，有“狭窄的客舱”和“颠簸的气流”。她还提到没有时间欣赏风景，这表明与童年时更悠闲、风景更美的火车旅行相比，她有一种不满意的感觉。故选C。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Holding my hands, my grandparents boarded a green-skinned train in Hangzhou, which rocked and swayed for twenty-five hours straight to Ulanqab (乌兰察布市), Inner Mongolia. This is my childhood memory of returning home.(我的祖父母牵着我的手，在杭州登上了一列绿皮火车，火车摇晃了25个小时，直达内蒙古乌兰察布。这是我童年回家的记忆)”和倒数第二段“This year, upon hearing that the long-suspended train had resumed operation, an indescribable excitement welled up in my heart. A month ago, I finally boarded this long-missed train again. As night fell, the train slowly set off. The familiar voices in the carriage, mingling with the rhythmic clatter of wheels against tracks, blended into a nostalgic lullaby (怀旧的摇篮曲). Lying on the bunk, I felt the gentle sway of the train, as though cradled in the arms of Mother Earth...Years have blurred the details of my memory, and I have sketched it one by one with my imagination.(今年，当我听到停运已久的火车恢复运行的消息时，一种说不出的兴奋涌上心头。一个月前，我终于再次登上了这趟久违的列车。夜幕降临，火车慢慢地开动了。车厢里熟悉的声音，加上车轮有节奏地撞击轨道的声音，混成了一首怀旧的摇篮曲。躺在铺位上，我感觉到火车的轻柔摇晃，仿佛被大地母亲抱在怀里……岁月模糊了我记忆中的细节，我用想象把它一一勾勒出来)”可知，本文主要讲述了作者通过停运后又恢复的火车路线回到家乡的怀旧之旅。它突出了与过去的情感联系，以及火车之旅在她记忆中的重要性，因此最恰当的题目是B选项“Old tracks Back Home(家乡的旧轨道)”。故选B。
【例2-2】（2025·浙江宁波海曙&4地·一模）
Last spring, my neighbor Donna and I, both in our seventies, spent several hours in the glorious sunshine enjoying the new season. When it was time to sit down and relax, Donna pulled out her red metal chair from her garage (车库), and I sat on an overturned plastic bucket (桶). It was fun to catch up on the news that we had missed during the long winter indoors.
However, over the next few days, it turned out that we needed more than a chair and a bucket which were not quite comfortable. Donna decided we needed a bench. After dismissing unsuitable options from local stores, she found a perfect one online. The next day it arrived. Excitedly, she opened the box and started putting it together. We proudly high-fived each other as the pieces joined up and the bench started to look like one. After a few minutes’ assistance from a neighbour, it was complete. What’s more, it was the perfect fit for two 70-somethings to carry on late afternoon chats.
Soon, the bench attracted other neighbors. One day, someone called out from the sidewalk, “What do you do on that bench ” Quick-thinking Donna called back, “It’s our ‘Thinking Bench’! We think about important things happening in our lives.” Then, the name gradually evolved—after one neighbor sat alone deep in thought, he declared it a “Decision-Making Bench”; another time, when Donna was caught napping, she insisted she was “meditating (冥想) ”, adding yet another name.
Last fall, with the temperature falling, we came to the end of sitting outdoors. We were faced with one dilemma-what to do about it in the winter Well, we sat down and thought and meditated and decided to put it in Donna’s garage for the winter.
When I glimpsed it a few times over the next months, the bench sat lonely, holding empty flower pots, and some flat, old boxes. But now after a long winter, spring flowers are ready to bloom in the warm sunshine, and we neighbours are ready to welcome “The Bench” back into our lives.
1． Donna decided to replace the chair and bucket to _________.
A．lighten the carrying load B．attract more neighbours
C．get better seating for chats D．adapt to warmer weather
2． How did the bench get its various names
A．From items placed on it. B．From seasonal discussions.
C．From users’ activities on it. D．From Donna’s creative ideas.
3． Why are pots and boxes mentioned in the last paragraph
A．To suggest the flowers would soon be planted. B．To show the bench was not serving its purpose.
C．To describe the bench’s practical use in winter. D．To explain why the bench needed winter storage.
4． What does “The Bench” represent by the story’s end
A．A symbol of community bonds. B．A solution to the aging problem.
C．A reminder of the past summer. D．A memory of a valued online order.
【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和邻居唐娜在户外放置长椅，长椅吸引邻居们一起聊天、思考、做决定，最终成为邻里情谊象征的故事。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However, over the next few days, it turned out that we needed more than a chair and a bucket which were not quite comfortable. Donna decided we needed a bench.(然而，在接下来的几天里，事实证明，我们需要的不仅仅是一把椅子和一只不太舒服的水桶。唐娜决定我们需要一条长凳。)”以及“What’s more, it was the perfect fit for two 70-somethings to carry on late afternoon chats.(更重要的是，它非常适合两位70多岁的老人进行傍晚的聊天。)”可知，唐娜决定把椅子和桶换成长凳是为了让聊天时有更好的座位。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Then, the name gradually evolved — after one neighbor sat alone deep in thought, he declared it a ‘Decision-Making Bench’; another time, when Donna was caught napping, she insisted she was ‘meditating’, adding yet another name.(然后，这个名字逐渐演变——一位邻居独自坐着沉思后，他宣称这是一个‘决策长椅’；还有一次，当唐娜被发现打盹时，她坚持说自己在‘冥想’，于是又加了一个名字。)”可知，长凳的名字来源于使用者在长凳上的活动。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“When I glimpsed it a few times over the next months, the bench sat lonely, holding empty flower pots, and some flat, old boxes. But now after a long winter, spring flowers are ready to bloom in the warm sunshine, and we neighbours are ready to welcome “The Bench” back into our lives.(在接下来的几个月里，当我瞥见它几次时，长凳孤零零地立着，上面放着空花盆和一些扁平的旧盒子。但是现在，经过一个漫长的冬天，春天的花朵已经准备好在温暖的阳光下绽放，我们邻居们也准备好欢迎‘长凳’回到我们的生活中。)”可知，长凳上放着空花盆和旧盒子，说明长凳在冬天没有发挥它的作用，即让邻居们一起聊天、思考、做决定。故选B。
4．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Soon, the bench attracted other neighbors.(很快，长凳吸引了其他邻居。)”以及最后一段中的“But now after a long winter, spring flowers are ready to bloom in the warm sunshine, and we neighbours are ready to welcome ‘The Bench’ back into our lives.(但是现在，经过一个漫长的冬天，春天的花朵已经准备好在温暖的阳光下绽放，我们邻居们也准备好欢迎‘长凳’回到我们的生活中。)”可知，长凳吸引了邻居们一起聊天、思考、做决定，它最终象征着邻里间的情谊联结。故选A。
【变式2-1】(25-26高三上·河南·期中)
For hundreds of years, my town has been having a commemoration (纪念) day to honor late heroes making a big difference in our town. The event has always been organized by a team of volunteers until they age and pass the task onto the next generation.
We always close our ceremony by reading the names of the late heroes over a soft drumming (击鼓). As the years passed and memories faded, the names of the dead were becoming a blur (模糊的记忆) and in some cases meaningless. More townspeople had difficulty appreciating the significance of the day and fewer were willing to join the team to continue the tradition, there being one volunteer taking charge for a twenty-year period. Attendance was suffering as well. Eventually, the celebration had become boring and uninspired.
Our senior volunteers were worried that if townspeople continued to lose sight of heroes’ contribution, our commemoration day would evolve into something unrecognizable. Something needed to be done. Specially selected volunteers were sought to help ease the team’s burden. It was an honor for me to be asked to assist.
I volunteered to give a speech for the coming commemoration day. The focus of my planned speech would be to change the reading of the names and honorable title of our late heroes from something routine into something that would make it clear that these were genuine heroes who once walked among us. I tried contacting their family members, distant relatives, and old friends. Amazed, everyone was so thrilled to share so many fond stories and old photos of their loved ones that I felt as if I knew each hero personally.
I integrated all those into my speech, which turned out well received, acting as the catalyst (催化剂) that got our commemoration day observance back on track. Townspeople, once reminded, were happy to dive in and show their respect.
1． Why was the commemoration day becoming less popular in the town
A．The number of late heroes there was decreasing.
B．The volunteers of the event were not well organized.
C．Drumming made the atmosphere too sad for the public.
D．People were gradually forgetting the meaning behind it.
2． What specific change did the author make to the ceremony
A．He replaced reading names with drumming.
B．He made it to bring the heroes’ names to life.
C．He organized a new team of young volunteers.
D．He invited family members to read the names.
3． How did townspeople respond to commemoration day after the speech
A．They became more involved. B．They lost interest in the event.
C．They preferred to be new heroes. D．They provided financial support.
4． What can be the best title for the text
A．The Story of a Town’s Holiday B．The Life Stories of Late Heroes
C．A Speech That Saved a Tradition D．Honoring Heroes: A Fading Faith
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。小镇纪念英雄的传统日因人们淡忘其意义渐失人气，作者受邀助力，通过收集英雄事迹并融入演讲让仪式鲜活，成功唤起镇民敬意，让这一传统重回正轨。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“As the years passed and memories faded, the names of the dead were becoming a blur (模糊的记忆) and in some cases meaningless.(随着时间的流逝，记忆逐渐模糊，一些逝者的姓名甚至变得模糊不清，有些甚至已经失去了意义)”可知，这个纪念日在该镇的受欢迎程度逐渐下降是因为人们逐渐淡忘了其背后的含义。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段“The focus of my planned speech would be to change the reading of the names and honorable title of our late heroes from something routine into something that would make it clear that these were genuine heroes who once walked among us.(我计划演讲的重点在于改变对我们已故英雄的名字和尊称的表述方式，将其从一种常规的表述转变为一种更能凸显出他们是真正英雄、曾与我们共处一地的表述方式)”可知，作者成功地让这些英雄的形象鲜活了起来。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Townspeople, once reminded, were happy to dive in and show their respect.(镇上的居民们在被提醒之后，都非常乐意参与进来，表达自己的敬意)”可知，在那次演讲结束后，市民们对纪念日的活动参与度更高了。故选A。
4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“For hundreds of years, my town has been having a commemoration (纪念) day to honor late heroes making a big difference in our town. The event has always been organized by a team of volunteers until they age and pass the task onto the next generation.(数百年来，我们这个小镇一直会举行一个纪念日活动，以纪念那些对我们的小镇产生重大影响的已故英雄。这项活动一直由一群志愿者组织举办，直到他们年老力衰，将任务交由下一代接手)”和最后一段“I integrated all those into my speech, which turned out well received, acting as the catalyst ( 催化剂 ) that got our commemoration day observance back on track. Townspeople, once reminded, were happy to dive in and show their respect.(我将所有这些都融入了我的演讲中，演讲反响良好，起到了催化剂的作用，使我们的纪念日活动重回正轨。镇上的居民们在被提醒之后，都非常乐意参与进来，表达自己的敬意)”并结合文章可知，小镇纪念英雄的传统日因人们淡忘其意义渐失人气，作者受邀助力，通过收集英雄事迹并融入演讲让仪式鲜活，成功唤起镇民敬意，让这一传统重回正轨。可知，C选项“一场拯救了一项传统的演讲”最符合文章标题。故选C。
【变式2-2】（24-25高三上·广东部分学校·十月联考）
In Hazelwood, a group called Seedlings (幼苗) for Tomorrow gives every child three plants to grow in their own garden. Unlike a public park, these plants are theirs to keep forever. Kids “check out” at the city’s greenhouse not with money, but by joining the group’s Garden Buddy project. This project pairs each young gardener with an adult guide. They have a 45-minute virtual meeting each week to learn about gardening and nature. “Every kid should feel the joy of growing something with their own hands,” said Orson Pike, the project director.
Orson started the non-profit organization Seedlings for Tomorrow in 2022. Soon he realized that just giving away plants wasn’t enough. “Some groups think dropping off supplies is helping. But if people don’t know how to use them, it’s like giving them a stone,” he explained. That’s why the program focuses on teaching skills — like how to water plants properly, what seasons are best for planting, and how to protect flowers from insects. At the greenhouse, children can pick from sunflowers, strawberries, lavender, and even small vegetable kits. There are guidebooks in both English and Welsh.
Orson is already 70, but he’s always been enthusiastic about the growth of the next generation. He believes that by letting kids choose what they love, they’ll grow into passionate gardeners. Many kids even share their progress with classmates, making gardening a social activity.
To attract more families, Seedlings for Tomorrow visits local primary schools and community centers. Orson also hopes to build small green stations around town where people can exchange seeds and gardening tips. The project has received $20,000 from the UK-based Ecology Fund. The fund manager Elara Vane said, “Such programs are essential— they teach patience, responsibility and love for the environment, which helps kids both in and out of school,” adding that parents have noticed their children becoming more confident since joining the project.
1． What can a kid do by joining Garden Buddy project
A．Volunteer at the city’s greenhouse. B．Acquire gardening knowledge online.
C．Sell garden plants to the adult guide. D．Receive free three plants every week.
2． What philosophy does Orson’s project demonstrate
A．Hard work is the mother of success. B．Guide others, and you will learn twice.
C．Teach a man to fish, not give him a fish. D．Creative activities involve being confident.
3． How does the author highlight the project’s value in the last paragraph
A．By quoting an official. B．By giving examples.
C．By providing statistics. D．By making a comparison.
4． Which word best describes Orson
A．Adventurous. B．Determined. C．Caring. D．Flexible.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。在黑泽尔伍德镇(Hazelwood), Seedlings for Tomorrow组织为每个孩子免费提供三株植物，让他们在自己的花园中种植。孩子们通过加入Garden Buddy项目，与成年导师配对，每周学习园艺和自然知识。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“This project pairs each young gardener with an adult guide. They have a 45-minute virtual meeting each week to learn about gardening and nature.(该项目为每位年轻园丁配备一位成人导师。每周他们都会进行45分钟的线上交流，以学习园艺和自然知识)”可知，通过加入Garden Buddy项目，孩子们可以学习园艺和自然知识。故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据第二段““Some groups think dropping off supplies is helping. But if people don’t know how to use them, it’s like giving them a stone,” he explained. That’s why the program focuses on teaching skills — like how to water plants properly, what seasons are best for planting, and how to protect flowers from insects.(“有些团体认为发放物资是有帮助的。但要是人们不知道如何使用这些物资，那就好比给他们一块石头。”他解释道。这就是为什么这个项目侧重于传授技能——比如如何正确给植物浇水、哪些季节最适合种植、以及如何保护花卉免受昆虫侵害)”可知，Orson认为仅仅提供植物是不够的，更重要的是教会人们如何种植、照顾它们。这与“授人以鱼不如授人以渔”的理念相符合。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The fund manager Elara Vane said, “Such programs are essential— they teach patience, responsibility and love for the environment, which helps kids both in and out of school,” adding that parents have noticed their children becoming more confident since joining the project.(基金经理埃拉拉·瓦恩说：“这类项目非常重要——它们能培养孩子们的耐心、责任感以及对环境的关爱，这对他们在校内外都有所裨益。”她还表示，家长们注意到自从参与该项目后，孩子们变得更加自信了)”可知，作者通过引用Ecology Fund的基金经理Elara Vane的话来强调该项目的价值。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段“Every kid should feel the joy of growing something with their own hands,” said Orson Pike, the project director.(项目负责人奥森·派克说道：“每个孩子都应该体验亲手种植作物所带来的快乐。”)”以及第三段“Orson is already 70, but he’s always been enthusiastic about the growth of the next generation. He believes that by letting kids choose what they love, they’ll grow into passionate gardeners. Many kids even share their progress with classmates, making gardening a social activity.(奥森已经70岁了，但他一直对下一代的成长充满热情。他认为，只要让孩子们选择自己喜爱的事物，他们就会成长为充满热情的园丁。许多孩子还会向同学分享自己的成长过程，这使得园艺成为了一项社交活动)”可知，Orson创办了非营利组织Seedlings for Tomorrow，并致力于通过该项目教会孩子们园艺技能和对环境的热爱。他相信通过让孩子们选择自己喜欢的植物，他们会成长为热情的园丁。此外，他还希望建立小型绿色站点，让人们可以交换种子和园艺技巧。这些行为都表明Orson是一个关心他人、尤其是关心下一代成长的人。故选C。
考向03 状物类记叙文
【例3-1】(2021全国甲卷C篇)
When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue-sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.
Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don't worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam（横杆）, I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “ Safe! Safe! Safe!” And that's what mattered — landing tricks, being a good skater.
When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I'd given it up.
When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I've traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was cold but clear: tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters. Weaving（穿梭）among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail-thin teenager, in a baggy white T-shirt, skidded（滑）up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice the man next to him. But soon I caught a few of his glances. “I was a local here 20 years ago,” I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”
“Yeah,” I said. “Safe.”
1. What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London
A. He felt disappointed. B. He gave up his hobby.
C. He liked the weather there. D. He had disagreements with his family.
2. What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe!” probably mean
A. Be careful! B. Well done! C. No way! D. Don't worry!
3. Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London
A. To join the skateboarding. B. To make new friends.
C. To learn more tricks. D. To relive his childhood days
4. What message does the author seem to convey in the text
A. Children should learn a second language. B. Sport is necessary for children's health.
C. Children need a sense of belonging D. Seeing the world is a must for children.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C
【解析】【分析】本文属于记叙文。本文讲述作者自己的经历，起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆，在与一个玩滑板的孩子打招呼的时候，终于找到了自己久违的熟悉感。
【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue -sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place.(除了我之外的家里人都很快适应这个城市，没有了我喜爱的沙滩和蓝天，我感到迷茫和无措)”可知，作者刚到伦敦的时候因为没有喜爱的沙滩，不能很好的融入到新的城市，感到很沮丧，故选A。
【2题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater. (那才是真正重要的——滑板的落地技巧掌握了才是一名好的滑板玩家)”可知，作者掌握了滑板落地技巧，因此他的朋友大声欢呼，因此可以推出本句的Safe是赞美的含义，结合选项，故选B。
【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段““I was a local here 20 years ago," I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.””(我告诉他：“我20年前经常在这里玩滑板，”他缓慢地开始向我点头：“嗨，你好！”)”可推知，作者去Southbank这个地方是为了寻找自己玩滑板的回忆，故选D。
【4题详解】推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。但是搬去华盛顿，因为没有遇到很好的玩滑板的朋友，几年之后就不再玩滑板，作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆，在于一个孩子打招呼的时候，终于找到了自己久违的回忆。通过作者的经历，作者要表达的是，归属感对于孩子是很重要的，故选C。
【例3-2】(25-26高三上·辽宁大连育明高级中学·期中)
Thirty-two-year-old Ethan had spent a decade building his career as a software engineer in the city, but burnout and loneliness had left him feeling lost. When his favorite childhood watch — gifted by his father who passed away when he was 12 — stopped working, he didn’t just see a broken timepiece; he saw the last real link to the man who’d taught him to fix things with patience.
Desperate to repair it, Ethan searched online and found “Maggie’s Repair Shop,” a tiny store in a quiet neighborhood on the city’s outskirts. Unlike the modern tech shops he was used to, Maggie’s was filled with tools, old-fashioned clocks, and photos of strangers’ cherished items. Maggie, a silver-haired woman in her 60s, smiled as she took the watch. “This one has stories,” she said, turning it over in her hands. “Give me a week.”
Ethan visited every evening after work, not just to check on the watch, but to escape his stressful job. He watched Maggie repair a faded quilt, a chipped ceramic mug, and a rusted bicycle, listening as customers shared stories of their items — gifts from loved ones, mementos of important moments. “Fixing things isn’t just about parts,” Maggie told him one night. “It’s about honoring what they mean to people.”
On the seventh day, Maggie handed him the watch. It ticked steadily, its leather strap polished. “I added a tiny engraving on the back,” she said. Ethan flipped it over — there was his father’s favorite quote: “Patience mends more than metal.” As he thanked her, a couple came in with a broken music box, and Ethan found himself offering to help Maggie sand its wooden case.
Weeks later, Ethan quit his high-pressure job and became Maggie’s part-time assistant. He learned to repair small items, listened to customers’ stories, and slowly rediscovered joy in the quiet, meaningful work. The watch hadn’t just been fixed-it had led him to a life that felt rooted, not rushed. Sometimes, he realized, the things we try to repair end up repairing us.
1． Why was the watch so important to him
A．It was an expensive antique timepiece.
B．It was a precious gift from his late father.
C．It had helped him get through hard workdays.
D．It was the only thing left from his childhood home.
2． What can we infer about Maggie from the passage
A．She began to fix the watch a week later.
B．She used to run a modern technology store.
C．She understands the emotional value of objects.
D．She repairs items only for close friends and family.
3． Why did Ethan start visiting Maggie’s Repair Shop every evening
A．He hoped to learn repair skills from Maggie.
B．He needed to finish his work in a quiet place.
C．He was asked to help Maggie with daily operations.
D．He wanted to ask about the watch and relax himself.
4． What is the best title for the passage
A．A Broken Watch and a Mended Heart
B．An Experience of Repairing Valuable Items
C．A Father’s Quote That Changed Everything
D．Leaving a Hig-Pressure Job for Friendship
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了软件工程师Ethan因职业倦怠和孤独感到迷茫，为修复已故父亲赠予的珍贵手表，结识了修理店老板Maggie，在见证Maggie修复物品背后情感价值的过程中，Ethan不仅修复了手表，更找回了生活的意义，最终改变人生轨迹的故事。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“When his favorite childhood watch — gifted by his father who passed away when he was 12 — stopped working, he didn’t just see a broken timepiece; he saw the last real link to the man who’d taught him to fix things with patience. (他最珍爱的童年手表——那是12岁时去世的父亲送给他的——突然罢工了。他看到的不只是个坏掉的手表，更是与那位教会他耐心修理东西的父亲之间最后的纽带)”可知，这块手表是Ethan 12岁时去世的父亲送给他的，对他来说非常重要，因为它是已故父亲送给他的珍贵礼物。故选B项。
2．推理判断题。根据第三段中玛姬说的话“Fixing things isn’t just about parts,” Maggie told him one night. “It’s about honoring what they mean to people.” (“修理东西不仅仅是关于零件，”一天晚上Maggie告诉他，“而是关于尊重它们对人们的意义。”)”可知，Maggie认为修理物品不仅仅是关于零件，更重要的是尊重物品对人们的意义。由此推知，Maggie理解物品的情感价值。故选C项。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Ethan visited every evening after work, not just to check on the watch, but to escape his stressful job. (Ethan每天下班后都去，不仅仅是为了查看手表，也是为了逃避他压力大的工作)”可知Ethan开始每晚都去Maggie的修理店，不仅仅是为了查看手表的修理情况，更是为了逃避他压力大的工作，放松自己。故选D项。
4．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了软件工程师Ethan因职业倦怠和孤独感到迷茫，为修复已故父亲赠予的珍贵手表，结识了修理店老板Maggie，在见证Maggie修复物品背后情感价值的过程中，Ethan不仅修复了手表，更找回了生活的意义。由此可知，A项“一块坏了的手表和一颗被修复的心”最符合文章主旨，既体现了手表的修理，又体现了Ethan内心的修复和转变。故选A项。
【变式3-1】(25-26高三上·河北保定四县六校·期中)
Last September, I drove to a protected wetland near my home in Oakland, California. It was the first time that I had gone somewhere merely to watch birds. Since this unique journey, I’ve seen 452 species, including 307 this year alone.
In some birding circles, people claim anyone who looks at birds is a birder. I’ve cared about birds and other animals for my entire life, and I’ve written about them throughout my two decades as a science writer, but I mark the moment when I specifically chose to devote time and energy to them as the moment I became a birder.
Birding has significantly increased the time spent outdoors. It has motivated me to explore Oakland in ways I never would have. While birding, I seem impervious to heat, cold, hunger and thirst. My senses focus only on the present, and my head becomes extremely untroubled. I also feel a much deeper connection to the natural world, which I have long written about but always remained slightly distant from.
These recent years have taught me that I’m smaller when I’m not actively looking after myself, that I have value for my world and my community beyond ceaseless production, and that pursuits like birding that encourage joy, wonder and bond with places are not sidebars to a fulfilled life but the essence.
It’s easy to perceive birding as something you do when you’re not working, not being productive, and even an escape from reality. Instead, for me, birding means absorbing myself in the present moment: my thoughts quiet, my senses heightened, and I respond to real, observable events in nature with focused awareness without being distracted (使分心) by small, unimportant matters. I don’t need to know who the main characters are on social media and what everyone is commenting on them, when I can instead spend an hour trying to locate a rare bird.
1． Why did the author think the journey to the wetland special
A．He protected bird species there. B．He fell in love with birding again.
C．He made his true start as a birder. D．He completed his writing during it.
2． What does the underlined word “impervious” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Attentive. B．Subject. C．Resistant. D．Sensitive.
3． What lesson does the author probably learn
A．Outdoor pursuits are a must-have. B．Self-care can help fuel self-worth.
C．Happiness serves as the core of life. D．Productivity defines personal value.
4． How does the author view birding according to the last paragraph
A．A complete engagement with reality. B．A temporary escape from busy life.
C．A training in focus and observation. D．A substitute for online activities.
【答案】1．C 2．C 3．C 4．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者去年九月一次偶然的观鸟之旅让他正式成为观鸟者，此后观鸟不仅增加了他的户外时间、让他更亲近自然，还让他领悟到生活的本质，重新认识了观鸟的意义。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“It was the first time that I had gone somewhere merely to watch birds. Since this unique journey, I’ve seen 452 species, including 307 this year alone. (这是我第一次专门去某个地方观鸟。自从这次特别的旅行后，我已经见过452种鸟类，仅今年就有307种)”及第二段“I’ve cared about birds and other animals for my entire life, and I’ve written about them throughout my two decades as a science writer, but I mark the moment when I specifically chose to devote time and energy to them as the moment I became a birder. (我一生都在关心鸟类和其他动物，在我作为一名科学作家的二十年里，我一直在写关于它们的文章，但我把我特别选择为它们投入时间和精力的那一刻标记为我成为观鸟者的那一时刻)”可知，作者认为这次湿地之旅特别，是因为它让自己真正开启了观鸟者的身份。故选C。
2．词义猜测题。根据第三段“While birding, I seem impervious to heat, cold, hunger and thirst. My senses focus only on the present, and my head becomes extremely untroubled (观鸟时，我似乎对冷热饥渴都impervious。我的感官只专注于当下，内心变得异常平静)”可知，观鸟时作者专注于当下，不受冷热饥渴的影响，因此“impervious”意为“抵抗的、不受影响的”。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据第四段“These recent years have taught me that I'm smaller when I'm not actively looking after myself, that I have value for my world and my community beyond ceaseless production, and that pursuits like birding that encourage joy, wonder and bond with places are not sidebars to a fulfilled life but the essence (这些年我明白了，当我不积极关爱自己时，我会变得渺小；除了无休止的工作产出，我对自己的世界和社区也有价值；而像观鸟这样能带来喜悦、惊奇并与周遭建立联结的追求，并非充实生活的点缀，而是其本质)”可知，作者领悟到能带来快乐的追求是生活的核心，即幸福是生活的核心。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Instead, for me, birding means absorbing myself in the present moment: my thoughts quiet, my senses heightened, and I respond to real, observable events in nature with focused awareness without being distracted by small, unimportant matters (相反，对我来说，观鸟意味着全身心投入当下：思绪沉静，感官敏锐，我以专注的意识回应自然界中真实可观察的事物，不会被琐碎小事分心)”可知，作者认为观鸟是对现实的全身心投入。故选A。
【变式3-2】(25-26高三上·海南部分学校·月考)
My parents did not bat an eye when I was still playing with Barbies in sixth grade. My classmates were not so understanding. 12-year-old girls weren’t supposed to play with Barbies and baby dolls anymore. Due to all the teases (取笑), I started playing with the dolls less and less and put them in a large storage bin under my twin bed. It was so full that I couldn’t even attach a lid to it.
My cat, Strawberry, would sleep with me each night and greet me every day when I got home from school. When we found out that Strawberry was pregnant (怀孕的), I couldn’t have been more excited. I got a big basket and as many old sheets as I could find, so Strawberry and her kittens would be comfortable. As Strawberry got bigger, she began to sleep in my bed less and less and in her basket more and more.
Two days before Strawberry’s due date, I was playing at a friend’s house. My mom came to get me early because she hadn’t seen Strawberry all afternoon and was worried about her. I immediately jumped in the car, knowing that she was probably hiding somewhere having kittens. As we drove home, my mom explained that my brothers had their friends over and were being awfully loud, so Strawberry probably didn’t feel safe in the basket I made for her.
When I ran into my room, I heard the cries of tiny kittens. I looked all over my room, but I couldn’t find where the cries were coming from. Finally, I searched under my bed, and the cries got louder. I managed to pull out my Barbie bin and found sweet, tiny kittens surrounded by a sea of blood-covered Barbies.
I wasn’t as upset as I thought I would be. It was time to let go of my Barbie dolls. Sometimes, childhood slips away without you realizing it, and other times it ends with something really important, like a bin filled with bloody Barbies.
1． Why did the author stop playing with Barbies as much
A．She lost interest in them. B．Her parents asked her to.
C．She had no time to spare. D．Her classmates laughed at her.
2． What can we know about Strawberry after she was pregnant
A．She was feeling unwell. B．She wanted to be alone.
C．She preferred her basket. D．She disliked playing outside.
3． Why did the author rush home
A．To search for lost Strawberry. B．To keep an appointment with her friends.
C．To check on kittens’ condition. D．To ask her brother for help quickly.
4． What does the author try to express through the text
A．Humans and animals can live in harmony. B．Time is the best medicine for wounds.
C．Nothing is more important than friends. D．Childhood ends in unexpected ways.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者六年级时因同学嘲笑减少玩芭比，将其收进储物箱。后家中猫咪草莓怀孕，最终在芭比储物箱中产仔，这让作者领悟到童年有时会以意外方式结束。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Due to all the teases (取笑), I started playing with the dolls less and less and put them in a large storage bin under my twin bed. (由于所有的取笑，我开始越来越少地玩这些娃娃，并把它们放进了我双人床下面的一个大储物箱里。)”可知，作者减少玩芭比娃娃是因为受到了同学的嘲笑。故选D项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“As Strawberry got bigger, she began to sleep in my bed less and less and in her basket more and more. (随着草莓的肚子越来越大，它开始越来越少地睡在我的床上，越来越多地睡在它的篮子里。)”可知，草莓怀孕后更偏爱自己的篮子。故选C项。
3．推理判断题。根据第三段“My mom came to get me early because she hadn’t seen Strawberry all afternoon and was worried about her. I immediately jumped in the car, knowing that she was probably

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