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题型15 语法填空（实词题）
题型简介
实词填空是高考英语语法填空中考查语言核心构建能力的基础题型。该题型要求考生根据空格所处的语法结构和语境逻辑，对名词、动词、形容词和副词进行正确的词形转换与语境应用。一般题型占比分数为10分左右。
在高考英语语法填空中，实词填空是衡量学生语言生成能力是否扎实的关键标尺。它并非单纯考查词汇记忆，而是对学生深刻理解句子成分、熟练掌握构词法则、精准把握语境需求等核心能力的综合检验。随着高考对语言运用准确性与地道性要求的不断提升，确保此类题目的得分率，对于学生巩固语法根基、提升整体成绩具有至关重要的战略意义，是学生在语法填空部分稳健发挥的基石。该题型主要考查四大实词方向：名词 ；动词；形容词与副词在语境中的词义确定与形式匹配
设题类型&解题思路
考向01 名词考点
核心定位： 名词考点是语法填空的“基石型”考查点，它不单纯考查词汇量，而是精准考查学生在具体语境中，对名词的数量概念、所属关系和词性转换的规则掌握与灵活应用能力。
考点一：名词的单复数
设题类型：
1. 规则复数变化： 空格前有明显数量词（a/an, two, many, several, these, those等）、表数量的短语（a couple of, a number of等）或暗示复数的语境（如 various, different），提示名词需用复数形式。
2. 不规则复数变化： 考查常见不规则名词的复数形式（如child→children, foot→feet, phenomenon→phenomena等）。
3. 单复数同形： 考查如sheep, deer, aircraft, species, means等词在复数语境下的形态（保持不变）。
4. “形义不一致”判断： 某些名词形式为复数（常以-s结尾），但表示单数概念（如news, physics）；或集体名词（如family, team, audience）在强调个体时视为复数，强调整体时视为单数，需根据谓语动词或上下文判断。
解题思路分析：
定位线索，判断“数”的概念： 首先，快速扫描空格前后的限定词、修饰语及整个句子的逻辑，明确此处需要的是单数还是复数概念。
回忆规则，确定正确形式： 对于规则变化，直接加-s或-es。对于不规则变化，需依赖记忆库准确输出。对于单复数同形，保持原形。
结合句意，验证逻辑： 将填入的名词复数形式代入句中，检查其与谓语动词、代词等在数上是否逻辑一致。
例句解析： (2022全国甲卷改编) After a while, a few _____ (student) from the class came up to the platform to share their stories.
分析： 空格前有“a few”（几个），明确修饰可数名词复数。解题： student为规则可数名词，复数直接加-s。答案： students
考点二：名词的所有格
设题类型：
1. ’s所有格： 主要用于有生命的人或物、国家、机构、时间、距离等的所属关系。
2. of所有格： 主要用于无生命的事物、抽象概念或较长名词短语的所属关系。
3. 双重所有格： 考查“of + 名词所有格/名词性物主代词”结构，如a friend of my father’s。
解题思路分析：
分析所属关系双方： 判断空格要表达的是“谁的”或“什么的”。重点是看“所有者”的属性（有生命/无生命）和形式（单词/短语）。
选择适当结构：
1. 若“所有者”是单个有生命的名词（如Tom, the dog），或表示时间、距离、国家等，通常用’s。
2. 若“所有者”是无生命的名词或是一个较长的短语，通常用of结构。
3. 若表示“其中之一”或带有感彩（如赞赏、厌恶），且中心词前有a/an, this, that, some等限定词，考虑双重所有格。
注意形式变化： 使用’s时，若名词本身已是复数并以-s结尾，则直接加’；不规则复数名词仍需加’s。
例句解析：_____ (teacher) encouragement played a key role in building my confidence.
分析： “鼓励”属于“老师”，表示所属。所有者“teacher”为单数有生命名词。解题： 应用’s所有格。答案： The teacher’s / A teacher’s
考点三：名词的变形（词性转换之“名词→动词/形容词”）
设题类型： 这是考查学生词汇活用能力和语言生成灵活性的重要方式。题干给出的提示词是名词，但根据句子结构，空格处需要填入其动词形式或形容词形式才能满足语法和逻辑要求。
核心解题思路：成分定需求，语法判方向： 分析句子成分是决定性步骤。
1. 若空格需要作谓语（时态、语态）、非谓语（不定式、分词）或通过变形使句子结构完整（如“使…化”），则需转换为动词。
2. 若空格需要作定语修饰名词、作表语描述主语性质、或作补足语说明宾语状态，则通常需转换为形容词。
联想构词法，实现词性转换： 确定方向后，应用常见的前缀、后缀或转化规律。
1. 名词 → 动词： 常通过添加前缀（如 en-, be-）或后缀（如 -ize, -en, -ify），或直接进行“零转化”（转化词）。
2. 名词 → 形容词： 主要通过添加后缀（如 -ful, -less, -ous, -al, -y, -ic, -ish 等）来实现。
形态调整与验证： 转换为动词后，需根据语境确定正确的时态、语态或非谓语形式；转换为形容词后，需考虑是否需要用比较级或最高级。
考向02 动词考点
核心定位： 动词是句子的“心脏”和“引擎”，其考查贯穿语法填空始终。动词考点不仅检验学生对时态、语态等基本语法规则的掌握，更是对其在复杂语境中逻辑判断与精准表达能力的高阶挑战。攻克动词考点，是提升语法填空得分率的决定性环节
考点一：谓语动词的时态与语态
此考点要求根据语境，为句子主干中的谓语选择正确的时间状态（时态）和主被动关系（语态）。
1. 一般现在时
核心考点：真理习惯、频度动作、从句替将来。
常考时间状语/标志：频度副词：always, often, usually, sometimes, every day/week；客观真理与科学事实；在if/unless/when/until等引导的条件/时间状语从句中（主句为将来时）
解题思路：看到客观真理、频度副词（often, usually）或if/when等引导的条件/时间状语从句（主句为将来时），空格谓语用动词原形（第三人称单数加-s）。
2. 一般过去时
核心考点：过去特定动作、连续叙事、过去习惯。
常考时间状语/标志：明确过去时间点：yesterday, last night/week/year, in 1990, ... ago, just now；由when等引导的、表示过去具体时间点的从句；上下文其他动词均为过去式，构成叙事语境。
解题思路：看到明确过去时间状语（yesterday, last year, ago）、上下文叙事背景为过去，或描述过去习惯，空格谓语用动词过去式。
3. 现在完成时（高频重点）
核心考点：过去动作对现在的影响（已完成）；动作从过去持续至今（未完成）。
解题思路：
思路1（已完成）：无具体过去时间点，但有already, just, ever, yet, so far, recently等词，强调现在的结果。
思路2（未完成）：有“for + 时间段”或“since + 时间点”，表示持续。
固定句型：“It is the first time that...”从句中用现在完成时。
结构：have/has + 过去分词。
4. 被动语态（常与时态结合考查）
核心考点：主语是动作的承受者。
解题思路：
判关系：主语不能主动执行该动作，即为主被动。
定时态：根据语境确定动作发生的时间。
套结构：be动词的对应时态形式 + 动词的过去分词。
例句：The plan _____ (discuss) at the meeting yesterday. （计划被讨论，且时间昨天）
分析：主语“计划”被讨论；时间过去。
答案：was discussed （一般过去时的被动语态）
考点二：非谓语动词
考查核心： 判断动词在句中不作谓语时，应选择哪种非谓语形式（不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词）及其相应的时态和语态。
1. 不定式 (to do)：
主要功能： 表目的、将来、结果（常与only连用）；用于某些动词后作宾语（want to do, decide to do）；用于形容词后作原因状语（glad to see you）；作后置定语（something to eat）。
解题思路： 空格表目的吗？空格前有要求接不定式的动词/形容词吗？空格是修饰一个“有待完成”的事吗？
例句：The manager asked me _____ (prepare) a report by Friday.
分析： “ask sb. to do sth.”为固定搭配，空格作宾语补足语。答案： to prepare
2. 动名词 (doing)：
主要功能： 作主语、宾语（尤其在介词后）、表语。某些动词后固定接doing作宾语（enjoy, finish, avoid, practice, consider）。
解题思路： 空格在介词后吗？空格在句首作主语吗？空格前的动词是那些“只爱doing”的动词吗？
例句：He suggested _____ (have) a meeting to discuss the problem.
分析： “suggest doing sth.”为固定用法。答案： having
3. 现在分词 (doing) 与过去分词 (done)：
核心区别： 主动与进行用现在分词；被动与完成用过去分词。
解题思路（三步法）：
判关系： 看分词与逻辑主语（通常是所修饰的名词或句子主语）的关系。
主动关系（逻辑主语发出该动作）→ 现在分词。
被动关系（逻辑主语承受该动作）→ 过去分词。
看时间： 看分词动作与谓语动作发生的时间先后。
若同时发生或正在进行，现在分词表主动进行，过去分词表被动完成（状态）。
若明显先于谓语动作，可用having done（主动完成）或having been done（被动完成），但高考更倾向于直接用过去分词(done)表被动完成。
例句：_____ (See) from the top of the hill, the city looks magnificent.
分析： 分词短语的逻辑主语是“the city”。“城市”与“看”之间是被动关系（城市被看）。应用过去分词表被动。答案： Seen
考点三：动词的词性转换（动词 → 名词/形容词）
设题类型：题干提示词为动词，但根据句子成分分析，空格处需要其名词或形容词形式，以符合语法与句意要求。
核心解题思路：步骤一：成分定需求，语法判方向。
首先分析句子成分，确定空格在句中的功能：
1. 若空格在句中作主语、宾语（位于及物动词或介词后），或受冠词（a/an/the）、形容词、物主代词直接修饰，则需转换为名词。
2. 若空格在句中作定语修饰名词，或在系动词（be, become, feel等）后作表语描述主语状态，则通常需转换为形容词。
步骤二：联想构词法，实现词性转。
确定方向后，运用常见词缀进行转换：
1. 动词 → 名词（高频后缀）：
-ment: develop → development (发展)
-tion/-sion: invent → invention (发明); decide → decision (决定)
-ance/-ence: appear → appearance (出现); differ → difference (不同)
-ing: paint → painting (画作/绘画)
2. 动词 → 形容词（核心区分）：
-ing: 表“令人…的”，修饰物或事。例：The news is exciting. (消息令人兴奋。)
-ed: 表“感到…的”，修饰人。例：We are excited. (我们感到兴奋。)
其他常见后缀：-ive (act → active), -able (accept → acceptable)
步骤三：形态调整与验证。
转换后，需进行最终校验：
1. 转换为名词后，需根据语境判断用单数还是复数（如discovery→discoveries）。
2. 转换为形容词后，需判断是否需要用比较级或最高级。
3. 将最终答案代入句子，确保语法正确、逻辑通顺。
考向03 形容词/副词考点
考点一：形容词与副词的基本转换与构成
设题类型： 题干给出形容词，要求根据句子成分转换为副词；或给出副词/其他词类，要求转换为形容词。
解题思路分析：成分定词性： 这是根本原则。
1. 若空格用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，作状语，则需副词（通常加-ly）。
2. 若空格用于修饰名词，作定语；或位于系动词（be, become, feel, seem等）后作表语，描述主语性质状态，则需形容词。
识记特殊变化： 掌握少数不以-ly结尾的副词（如fast, hard, late, high等，它们与形容词同形），以及需改变拼写的副词（如true→truly, happy→happily, possible→possibly）。
验证逻辑： 代入后检查是否符合句意逻辑。
例句： The team worked _____ (effective) and finished the project ahead of schedule.
分析： 空格修饰动词“worked”，作方式状语，需用副词。解题： effective (形容词) → effectively (副词)。答案： effectively
考点二：形容词与副词的原级
设题类型： 在特定结构中考查形容词或副词的原级形式。
常见标志结构：
1. as...as... / (not) so...as...：表示“和……一样/不一样”。
2. too...to...：表示“太……而不能”。
3. enough to...：表示“足够……可以”。（enough的位置：形容词/副词+enough）
4. so...that... / such...that...：表示“如此……以至于”（so后接形容词/副词，such后接名词短语）
解题思路分析：
识别结构： 看到上述固定搭配，立即判断空格处需用形容词或副词的原级。
确定词性：
1. 在“as/so/too + ______”中，空格多为形容词或副词原级，需根据修饰对象判断（修饰名词用形容词，修饰动词/形容词用副词）。
2. 在“______ enough”中，空格为形容词或副词原级。
确保形式： 原级即为单词本身，无需变化。
例句：He is not _____ (patient) as his brother when dealing with children.
分析： 见到“not so...as...”结构，空格处需用形容词原级，作表语。答案： patient
考点三：形容词与副词的比较级和最高级
设题类型： 通过上下文隐含的对比或最高级语境，考查形容词或副词的比较级和最高级形式。考
解题思路分析：寻找标志词，判断级别：
比较级标志： than, much, even, still, a little, a bit, ...of the two, 以及“the+比较级..., the+比较级...”结构。
最高级标志： in/of/among短语（表示范围），序数词，one of，以及隐含的“最……之一”概念。最高级前通常有定冠词the。
1. 确定词性与形式：
根据句子成分，确定需要形容词还是比较副词。
回忆并正确写出该词的比较级和最高级形式。重点掌握不规则变化
（good/well→better→best; bad/ill→worse→worst; many/much→more→most; little→less→least; far→farther/further→farthest/furthest）。
对于多音节词和部分双音节词，使用more/most + 原级。
2. 验证与特例： 注意比较对象要一致，避免自我比较。在副词最高级前，the可省略。
例句（比较级）：
The new design is _____ (creative) and practical than the old one.
分析： 句中有“than”，提示此为两者比较，需用比较级。creative为多音节形容词。解题： more creative。答案： more creative
例句（最高级）： This is _____ (early) I have ever gotten up this month.
分析： “I have ever...”暗示“这是我本月起得最早的一次”，需用最高级。early既可以是形容词也可以是副词，此处修饰动词短语“gotten up”，为副词。解题： early副词，最高级为earliest。副词最高级前the可省略。答案： (the) earliest
考点四：形容词的反义与前缀
设题类型： 根据句意逻辑（转折、对比等），要求将所给形容词变为其反义词。
解题思路分析：
判断逻辑： 仔细阅读上下文，尤其是空格前后是否有but, however, instead, while等转折词，或语义上形成直接对比。
添加前缀： 通过添加否定前缀构成反义词是常见考法。需熟记常见前缀：
un-: happy→unhappy, usual→unusual
im-: (用于以m, p开头的形容词前) possible→impossible, polite→impolite
in-: correct→incorrect, direct→indirect
il-: (用于以l开头的形容词前) legal→illegal, logical→illogical
ir-: (用于以r开头的形容词前) regular→irregular, responsible→irresponsible
dis-: honest→dishonest, similar→dissimilar
代入验证： 将带前缀的词代入，确保句意通顺、逻辑成立。
例句：The task was far from easy; in fact, it was _____ (possible) to complete in one day.
分析： 前句说“远非容易”，后句“in fact”进一步强调，语义上需一个表示“不可能”的词形成递进。解题： possible的反义词为impossible。答案： impossible
考向01 名词考点
【例1-1】(云南昭通一中等三校2025-2026学年高考备考实用性联考卷（四）英语试题节选)
It’s really 7 (evidence) that reading isn’t something that children are willing to turn to automatically 8 (automatic),” she added.
【答案】evident
【详解】考查名词变形容词。句意：她补充说：“很明显，阅读并不是孩子们愿意自动去做的事情。”空格前有系动词 is，需用evidence的形容词形式evident“明显的”作表语。故填evident。
【例1-2】(2026届浙江省宁波市海曙区等5地高三一模英语试题节选)
The film follows four small monsters — a pig, a toad, a weasel, and an ape — who disguise 2 as characters from Journey to the West, seeking to live forever before finding themselves protecting villagers from evil 3 (force).
【答案】
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：这部电影讲述的是四个小怪物的故事——一只猪、一只蟾蜍、一只黄鼠狼和一只猿猴，它们装扮成《西游记》中的角色，试图长生不老，却最终发现自己要保护村民免受邪恶势力的侵害。此处名词force数量大于一用复数形式，作宾语。故填forces。
【例1-3】(2026届浙江省宁波市海曙区等5地高三一模英语试题节选)
4 To create (create) the film’s unique Chinese animation style, Yu Shui, director of the film, and his team conducted field research from northern to southern Shanxi, bringing the beauty of the 4 (province) ancient architecture onto the silver screen.
【答案】province’s
【详解】考查名词所有格。句意：为打造影片独特的中国动画风格，导演於水及其团队在山西自北向南开展实地采风，将该省古建筑之美搬上了银幕。此处province与architecture构成所属关系，用名词所有格形式。故填province’s。
【变式1-1】（2026届浙江省“9+1”联盟高三上学期一模联考英语试题节选）
On the digital front, Chagee’s WeChat ordering page displays 7 (nutrition) values, including calorie content and sweetness levels.
【答案】nutritional
【详解】考查名词变形容词。句意：在数字化方面，霸王茶姬公司的微信点餐页面会展示产品的营养信息，包括卡路里含量和甜度等级。修饰名词values用形容词nutritional，故填nutritional。
【变式1-2】（2026届浙江省“9+1”联盟高三上学期一模联考英语试题节选）
The practice not only reflects Chagee’s understanding of consumer 10 (need) but also helps the brand get closer to consumers, creating a lifestyle that gives them a sense of belonging.
【答案】needs
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：这种做法不仅体现了霸王茶姬对消费者需求的深刻理解，而且有助于该品牌更贴近消费者，营造出一种能让消费者产生归属感的生活方式。“consumer needs”意为“消费者需求”，“need”此处为可数名词，结合语境指多种需求，故用复数形式。故填needs。
【变式1-3】（2022新高考二卷节选）
__37 The___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto....He saved my ___44___(son) life," said Mrs. Brown.
【答案】son’s
【详解】考查名词所有格。句意：他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据句意，life与提示词son之间是所属关系，故应该使用名词所有格。故填son’s。
考向02 动词考点
【例2-1】(云南昭通一中等三校2025-2026学年高考备考实用性联考卷（四）英语试题节选)
“People still love reading books in Britain, and there is hope that our society 3 (find) its way back to reading in the future,”Ms. Dent said. “If you go to any bookshop these days, you’ll find it frequently 4 (visit).
【答案】 3．will find 4．visited
【详解】3．考查动词时态。句意：登特女士说：“英国人仍然热爱读书，希望我们的社会未来能找到回归阅读的道路。” 空格处为宾语从句的谓语动词，根据时间状语in the future可知，此处表示将来的动作，用一般将来时，结构为will + 动词原形。故填will find。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：如今如果你去任何一家书店，都会发现它经常有人光顾。此处为“find + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”结构，it指代bookshop，与visit之间是被动关系，需用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填visited。
【例2-2】(吉林省长春市东北师范大学附属中学2025-2026学年高三上学期第二次摸底考试英语试题节选)
……the documentary has received general 6 recognition (recognize) as it gives viewers a rare opportunity to gain insights into the craftsmanship. The restorers 7 (commit) to preserving the original essence of the relics while 8 (fix) any damage they may have suffered.
【答案】 7. are committed 8. fixing
【详解】7．考查时态和被动语态。句意：修复师们致力于保留文物的原有精髓，同时修补它们可能遭受的任何损坏。空处为谓语动词，句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语The restorers是复数，与commit构成被动关系，且有固定短语be committed to doing sth.“致力于做某事”，故应用一般现在时的被动语态的复数形式are committed。故填are committed。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：修复师们致力于保留文物的原有精髓，同时修补它们可能遭受的任何损坏。while引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语The restorers一致，可省略从句主语及be动词，完整的从句是“while they are fixing any damage they may have suffered”，省略了they are，空处需填现在分词。故填fixing。
【例2-3】(2026届河北省衡水市高三上学期三模英语试题节选)
The company’s president, DJ Seo, said the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted 3 (permit) for the study.
【答案】 permission
【详解】 考查动词变名词。句意：该公司总裁DJ Seo表示，美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）已批准这项研究。grant是及物动词，后接名词作宾语，permit的名词形式是permission，意为“许可，批准”，为不可数名词。故填permission。
【变式2-1】(2026届江西省景德镇高三上学期一模英语试题)
China’s intelligent related driving industry has entered a new stage of 1 (fast) development, shifting from a small-scale testing phase to large-scale commercial application.
China 2 (establish) multiple pilot areas and demonstration bases across the country ever since. For example, in Beijing, the Yizhuang area, as 3 turned out, has become a key region for the development of intelligent 4 (connect) vehicles. Many auto companies and tech firms are conducting 5 (experiment) testing and application promotion here.
The new output value of China’s intelligent related vehicle industry 6 (expect) to reach different targets in 2025 and 2030. Industry insiders believe that 7 the continuous improvement of technology and the continuous expansion of the market, the intelligent related vehicle industry will become 8 important driving force to upgrade China’s automotive industry.
9 , the development of this industry also faces some challenges. For example, there are still some bottlenecks in terms of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication technology standards.
Despite these challenges, the future of China’s intelligent related driving industry is 10 (promise). With the joint efforts of the government, enterprises and research institutions, it is hopeful to make greater breakthroughs in the next few years.
【答案】
1．faster 2．has established 3．it 4．connected 5．experimental 6．is expected 7．with 8．an 9．However/Nevertheless/Nonetheless 10．promising
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国智能相关驾驶产业进入快速发展新阶段，面临挑战但前景光明。
1．考查形容词比较级。句意：中国智能网联汽车行业已进入更快发展的新阶段，从小规模测试阶段转向大规模商业化应用。根据“shifting from a small-scale testing phase to large-scale commercial application”可知，从小规模测试阶段转向大规模商业化应用，汽车行业已进入更快发展的新阶段，本空需用形容词比较级faster“更快的”，修饰名词 development，作前置定语。故填faster。
2．考查动词时态。句意：从那以后，中国在全国各地建立了多个试点地区和示范基地。establish“建立”。根据时间状语ever since可知，时态应用现在完成时，主语China为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has established。
3．考查固定句型。句意：例如，在北京，事实证明亦庄地区已成为智能网联汽车发展的核心区域。固定句型as it turned out表示“事实证明”，此处it作形式主语。故填it。
4．考查形容词。句意同上。本空修饰名词vehicles，应用形容词connected“联网的，连接的”，作定语。故填connected。
5．考查形容词。句意：许多汽车公司和科技公司正在这里进行试验测试和应用推广。本空修饰名词testing，应用形容词experimental“试验性的”，作定语。故填experimental。
6．考查动词时态语态。句意：中国智能相关汽车产业的新产值预计将在2025年和2030年达到不同的目标。本句陈述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语The new output value和expect“估计”之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为不可数名词，be动词用is。故填is expected。
7．考查介词。句意：业内人士认为，随着技术的不断进步和市场的不断扩大，智能相关汽车产业将成为推动中国汽车产业升级的重要动力。本空表示“随着”，应用介词with，构成with的复合结构。故填with。
8．考查冠词。句意同上。此处泛指“一个重要动力”，important以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
9．考查副词。句意：然而，该产业的发展也面临一些挑战。前文讲述产业发展的积极态势，后文提及面临的挑战，存在转折关系，空后有逗号，用副词however/nevertheless/nonetheless“然而”，句首单词，首字母大写。故填 However/Nevertheless/Nonetheless。
10．考查形容词。句意：尽管面临这些挑战，中国智能相关驾驶产业的未来还是充满希望的。本空作表语，应用形容词promising“有希望的，有前途的”。故填promising。
【变式2-2】(贵州省六盘水市2025-2026学年高三上学期一模英语试题)
In the vast deserts of northwest China, Fan Jinshi made a home — not out of necessity, but out of devotion. It was 1963 1 she arrived from Peking University, and for more than half a century, the Mogao Caves became her life’s work. 2 (draw) by a sense of mission, she devoted herself to preserving the fragile Buddhist art inside these ancient grottos, a UNESCO World Heritage site, despite the remote and tough environment.
Her conservation work was never hurried 3 (ensure) the highest quality. She led a team of restorers who used traditional methods, sometimes spending days 4 (repair) just one square inch of a fading wall painting. This kind of careful, patient work reflects more than just professional skill, but values focus, patience, and deep respect for the task 5 hand.
But Fan Jinshi did not only look to 6 past. With great foresight, she brought together ancient traditions with modem technology. She launched the “Digital Dunhuang” project, through which countless wall paintings and statues were very 7 (careful) recorded in digital form, preserved for future 8 (generation). In this combination of tradition and innovation, we see a modem form of the craftsman spirit-one that honors history while embracing the future.
Fan Jinshi’s life conveys a powerful truth that some of the most precious treasures 9 (save) not in a hurry, but through a lifetime of patience, attention, and love. Thanks to 10 (she), the silent beauty of the Mogao Caves continues to inspire.
【答案】
1．when 2．Drawn 3．to ensure 4．repairing 5．at 6．the 7．carefully 8．generations 9．are saved 10．her
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了樊锦诗在西北沙漠守护莫高窟，将传统与创新结合，让莫高窟之美延续的故事。
1．考查定语从句。句意：1963 年，她从北京大学毕业来到这里，半个多世纪以来，莫高窟成了她毕生的事业。空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词1963，是时间，且从句缺少时间状语，需用关系副词when引导，构成“it was+time+when...”句型。故填when。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：受使命感的驱使，她致力于保护这些古老洞穴内脆弱的佛教艺术，尽管环境偏远艰苦，但这里是被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产的地方。本句已有谓语动词devoted，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；空处动词与其逻辑主语she之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词drawn作状语，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Drawn。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：她的保护工作从不匆忙，以确保最高的质量。本句已有谓语动词was，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；结合句意可知，空处需用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to ensure。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：她带领了一支修复团队，使用传统方法，有时花几天时间修复一幅褪色壁画的一平方英寸。spend time (in) doing sth.是固定搭配“花费时间做某事”，所以空处需用动名词repairing作宾语。故填repairing。
5．考查介词。句意：这种细致耐心的工作不仅体现了专业技能，更彰显了专注、耐心以及对手头工作的深切尊重。固定短语at hand表示“手头的、正在进行的”，修饰名词task，符合语境。故填at。
6．考查冠词。句意：但樊锦诗不仅仅着眼于过去。此处特指过去，所以空处需用定冠词the。故填the。
7．考查副词。句意：她发起了“数字敦煌”项目，通过该项目，无数的壁画和雕像被非常仔细地以数字形式记录下来，为后代保存下来。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词recorded，careful的副词为carefully“仔细地”。故填carefully。
8．考查名词复数。句意：同上。future generations为固定搭配“后代”，所以空处需用名词generation的复数形式，表示泛指。故填generations。
9．考查动词的语态和时态。句意：樊锦诗的人生传递出一个深刻的真理：一些最珍贵的财富不是靠匆忙就能保存下来的，而是需要一生的耐心、专注和热爱。主语treasures与save(保存)之间是被动关系，且此处陈述客观真理，需用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are saved。
10．考查代词。句意：多亏了她，莫高窟的静谧之美继续激励着人们。空处需用代词宾格her作介词to的宾语。故填her。
考向03 形容词/副词考点
【例3-1】(2026届浙江省温州市普通高中高三上学期第一次适应性考试英语试题节选)
Yet that same year laid bare the lack of comprehensive national standards, sparking calls for 9 (clear) definitions and tighter oversight.
【答案】 clearer
【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：然而，同年也暴露出缺乏全面的国家标准，引发了人们对更明确定义和更严格监管的呼吁。根据空后tighter oversight可知，空处需用形容词比较级clearer，表示更明确的定义。故填clearer。
【例3-2】（2026届广西壮族自治区柳州市高三第一次模拟英语考试节选）
3 (historical) performed by men, the dance has expanded to welcome female performers.reflecting its adaptability and evolving nature in contemporary contexts.
【答案】 Historically
【详解】考查副词。句意：历史上由男性表演的舞蹈已经扩展到欢迎女性表演者，反映了其在当代背景下的适应性和不断发展的性质。修饰动词performed，应用副词historically“历史上”，作状语，句首首字母大写。故填Historically。
【例3-3】（2024年全国甲卷语法填空节选）
Yellowstone was the _________(large) United States national park-2.2 million acres-until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, which became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
【答案】largest
【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：黄石公园是最大的美国国家公园-220万英亩-直到阿拉斯加南部的兰格尔-圣埃利亚斯于1978年成为国家纪念碑，并于1980年以1230万英亩的面积获得国家公园的荣誉。根据句意，此处表范围内最大，需用最高级形式，故填largest。
【变式3-1】（2026届广东省大湾区高三上学期普通高中毕业年级联合模拟考试英语试卷节选）
Audiences were impressed by the rich storytelling, graceful choreography, and 9 striking (strike) stage design, calling it a feast for the senses. “We hope this work of art helps more people engage with Chinese culture and promotes 10 (deep) understanding between traditions,” said Liao Yi, general manager of the Jiangsu Centre for the Performing Arts.
【答案】deeper
【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：江苏省演艺集团总经理廖毅表示：“我们希望这部作品能帮助更多人接触中国文化，促进不同传统之间更深层次的理解。”此处暗含“比以往更深入的理解”，用deep的比较级deeper，表“更深层次的”。故填deeper。
【变式3-2】（2025届湖北省鄂东南高三下学期5月联考英语试题节选）
2 (dominate) the spotlights, and possibly all the other sporting feasts in 2024, was Zheng Qinwen’s history-making Paris 2024 campaign. As a rising Chinese tennis star, she performed 3 (remarkable) with her devotion and talent on the international stage, inspiring 4 nationwide craze for racket sports. Zheng got her breakout year off to a flying start, with her first major final appearance at the Australian Open, followed by a strong second half 5 saw her claim two titles at the WTA250 event in Palermo, Italy, and in the WTA 500 in Tokyo. Given that it was just her third full season competing on the pro circuit, Zheng, whose ambition is 6 (become) a global figure inspiring the next generation of athletes, left fans assured that her 7 (fruit) 2024 was just the beginning of something greater.
【答案】3．remarkably 4．a 5．that/which 6．to become 7．fruitful
3．考查副词。句意：作为中国网球冉冉升起的新星，她凭借专注与天赋在国际赛场上表现卓越，掀起了全国范围内对球拍运动的热潮。空格处用副词修饰动词performed，remarkable的副词是remarkably，意为“显著地”。故填remarkably。
4．考查冠词。句意：作为中国网球冉冉升起的新星，她凭借专注与天赋在国际赛场上表现卓越，掀起了全国范围内对球拍运动的热潮。inspire a nationwide craze for...为固定搭配，意为 “引发全国范围内对…… 的热潮”。故填a。
5．考查定语从句。句意：郑钦文的突破性一年开局顺利，首次闯入澳网大满贯决赛，随后在下半年表现强势，分别在意大利巴勒莫WTA250赛事和东京WTA500赛事中斩获两项冠军。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词half是物，因此空格处用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
6．考查不定式。句意：考虑到这只是她征战职业巡回赛的第三个完整赛季，而郑钦文的志向是成为激励下一代运动员的国际知名人物，这让粉丝们坚信，她硕果累累的2024年只是更大辉煌的开端。主语为ambition，空格处用不定式作表语，说明主语的内容。故填to become。
7．考查形容词。句意：考虑到这只是她征战职业巡回赛的第三个完整赛季，而郑钦文的志向是成为激励下一代运动员的国际知名人物，这让粉丝们坚信，她硕果累累的2024年只是更大辉煌的开端。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词2024，fruit的形容词是fruitful，意为“富有成效的”。故填fruitful。
专题01 高考真题练
A
（2025年全国高考二卷英语真题）
I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, 1 bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and 2 (center) heating doesn’t exist.
Nothing in my life before prepared me 3 this one-and to be sure, the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area. But it’s amazing how you can adapt 4 learn in a new environment. Over time, I’ve found 5 (I) feeling extremely at home here. And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes 6 (be) one of them. Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance 7 (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the 8 (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky 9 (afternoon) with lots of fresh air.
If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt 10 (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders.
【答案】
1．where 2．central 3．for 4．and 5．myself 6．is 7．to discover 8．absence 9．afternoons 10．left
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从美国到中国浙江农村生活的经历与感受。
1．考查定语从句。句意：然而现在，我和我的中国丈夫和他的家人住在中国浙江的农村，在那里山上野生竹子和茶树丛生，鸡总是自由放养的，而且没有集中供暖。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the countryside of Zhejiang，China，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
2．考查形容词。句意同上。本空修饰名词heating，应用形容词central“中央的，中心的”，作定语。故填central。
3．考查介词。句意：我生命中没有任何事情能让我为这一切做好准备——可以肯定的是，我第一次来到这里时，从未想过我会在这个地方感到舒适。prepare sb. for...“使某人为……做好准备”，固定搭配。故填for。
4．考查连词。句意：但令人惊讶的是，你是如何适应并在新环境中学习的。adapt和learn是并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。
5．考查反身代词。句意：随着时间的推移，我发现自己在这里有了宾至如归的感觉。本空指代主语I，表示“我自己”，应用反身代词myself。故填myself。
6．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：晒过的衣服的“阳光的味道”就是其中之一。本句描述的是一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：在我的成长过程中，我的家人和邻居从不使用晾衣绳晾晒衣物，这让我没有机会发现阳光的奇妙之处之一——将衣服晒了一整天后散发的甜美的“阳光的味道”。本句已有谓语used，此处应用非谓语动词， chance to do sth.“做某事的机会”,本空用discover的不定式，作定语。故填to discover。
8．考查名词。句意：我住的地方，晒干的衣服闻起来特别香，这要归功于没有烟雾，而且下午的天很蓝天、空气新鲜。本空作thanks to的宾语，应用名词absence“缺乏，没有”，不可数名词。故填absence。
9．考查名词的数。句意：我住的地方，晒干的衣服闻起来特别香，这要归功于没有烟雾，而且下午有很多蓝天和新鲜空气。afternoon“下午”是可数名词，此处指不止一个下午，应用复数形式afternoons。故填afternoons。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你从未体验过在阳光下晾晒了一整天的床单或衬衫散发的“阳光的味道”，那么你就错过了生活中的一大奇观。本句已有谓语have experienced，此处应用非谓语动词，a sheet or shirt和leave“使处于某种状态”之间是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填left。
B
（2024年全国甲卷英语真题）
Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend 1 (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. They are 2 (treasure) of American heritage (遗产). How did the national park system come about On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in 3 is now northwestern Wyoming. They 4 (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.
What should 5 (do) with such a beautiful place They wondered out loud. This area, with 6 (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved 7 all people of the nation to enjoy — as a national park. They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the 8 (complete) of their journey. Their promotional work paid off. Two years later, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became the first national park in the United States and the world. Yellowstone was the 9 (large) United States national park — 2.2 million acres — until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 10 became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
【答案】
1．to catch 2．treasures 3．what 4．were 5．be done 6．its 7．for 8．completion 9．largest 10．which
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了美国国家公园的由来，即四个男人发现了一处非常美的自然风景区，决定好好保护它以供后人欣赏，并为此做出了许多努力。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管各级都有各种规模和类型的公园，但国家公园尤其吸引我们的注意，因为它们体积大，种类繁多。固定搭配：tend to do sth.，表示“倾向于做某事”，不定式作宾语，故填to catch。
2．考查名词。句意：它们是美国传统的瑰宝。treasure表示“宝藏”，为可数名词，结合前文they are，应用复数形式，故填treasures。
3．考查宾语从句。句意：1870年9月中旬，在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚，四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松，这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。后文为介词in的宾语，is前缺主语，指物，主语用what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，故填what。
4．考查时态。句意：他们是一个由15人组成的探险队的一部分，他们花了近五个星期的时间来见证那里的自然美景。本空前They指代上文提及的四个男人，时间为1870年，同时联系后文had spent的过去完成时可知，本空时态为过去式且为复数形式，故填were。
5．考查被动语态。句意：对于这样一个美丽的地方，我们应该做些什么呢？主语what指物，与谓语动词do是被动关系，情态动词should后接be done构成被动语态，故填be done。
6．考查代词。句意：这个地区拥有独特的、令人惊叹的自然美景，必须作为国家公园保护好，为了所有国家的人都能享受。修饰名词beauty用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。
7．考查介词。句意同上。介词for表目的，表示“为了所有国家的人都能享受”。 故填for。
8．考查名词。句意：他们都同意了，并发誓要在旅行结束后推广这个想法。冠词修饰名词，本空应填名词作宾语，complete名词形式为completion，不可数，故填completion。
9．考查形容词最高级。句意：黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园，占地220万英亩，直到1978年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980年以1230万英亩的面积作为国家公园获得这项荣誉。本空前有the，为形容词最高级标志词，结合下文“1978年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980年以1230万英亩的面积获得国家公园的荣誉”可知，用large的最高级largest作定语，故填largest。
10．考查定语从句。句意同上。本空所在句子为定语从句，先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias，从句中作主语，指物，引导非限制性定语从句用which，故填which。
C
（2024年新课标Ⅰ卷英语真题）
Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times.
The latest 1 (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective 2 (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days 3 (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays 4 (close) to protect the plants.
Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 5 (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 6 first time. These plants included modern Western 7 (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too.
The Glasshouse stands 8 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 9 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 10 (rich) of gardening in England.
【答案】
1．engineering 2．functional 3．to give 4．closed 5．walks 6．the 7．favorites 8．as 9．which/that 10．richness
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Heatherwick工作室最近公布的一个新项目——一个位于国家信托基金会伍尔贝丁花园边缘的动态温室，并详细描述了该温室的设计、功能、以及它如何与丝绸之路的历史和丝绸之路花园相结合。
1．考查名词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。根据句意可知，空处考查短语engineering techniques，意为“工程技术”，符合句意。故填engineering。
2．考查形容词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。空处修饰名词structure，应用形容词作定语functional，符合题意。故填functional。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些萼片在温暖日子里开放，为内部植物提供阳光和新鲜空气。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to give。
4．考查形容词。句意：然后在寒冷的天气里，这个结构保持关闭，以保护亚热带植物。空处用于stays之后作表语，应用形容词closed，表示“紧闭的”，符合题意。故填closed。
5．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。walk sb. through，意为“带领某人穿过……”，空处为本句谓语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语the Silk Route Garden为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。
6．考查冠词。句意：亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路线第一次为英国带来了丝绸、香料和许多植物。固定搭配：for the first time，意为“第一次”，符合句意。故填the。
7．考查名词的数。句意：这些植物包括现代西方最受喜爱的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。favorite是可数名词，意为“特别受喜爱的东西”，根据空后such as rosemary, lavender and fennel可知，空处应用名词的复数形式。故填favorites。
8．考查介词。句意：这座温室是当代设计的巅峰之作，位于追溯丝绸之路的道路尽头，将中国西南的植物容纳其中，将这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英格兰，定义了英格兰园艺的丰富性。根据句意可知，空处指的是“作为”，应用介词as。故填as。
9．考查定语从句。句意：Glasshouse是当代设计中的一项伟大成就，它将中国西南部的植物安置在丝绸之路的尽头，丝绸之路将植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到这里，定义了英国丰富的园艺。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the Silk Route，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。
10．考查名词。句意：这座温室是当代设计的巅峰之作，位于追溯丝绸之路的道路尽头，将中国西南的植物容纳其中，将这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英格兰，定义了英格兰园艺的丰富性。冠词修饰名词，应用名词形式richness，作介词of的宾语。故填richness。
专题02 优秀模拟题
A
(2026届重庆名校联盟高三第一次联考英语试题)
“Xueba 01”, 1 (know) as China’s first robot PhD student, 2 (draw) much attention since its registration at the Shanghai Theatre Academy (STA). This event shows that artificial intelligence is now part of higher education.
“Xueba 01” was made by a team led by Professor Li Qingdu from the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology. As 3 “embodied AI”, the robot learns artistic creation through physical 4 (interact). It is 1.75 meters tall and weighs about 30 kilograms. Its flexible silicone skin allows it 5 (make) human-like facial expressions and gestures.
During the orientation, “Xueba 01” got its student ID and talked with Pan Tao, a famous CCTV news host. After their talk, Pan said, “It answers very fast. It uses both words and eye contact, 6 was more than I expected.” It is equipped 7 advanced technology, enabling it to communicate and express 8 (emotion) like humans. It will work with human students in workshops, lab research, and creative projects, 9 (help) to explore new kinds of digital art.
In the future, it will make much 10 (great) contributions to the field of digital art, and we are all looking forward to seeing its wonderful performance in the academy.
【答案】
1．known 2．has drawn 3．an 4．interaction 5．to make 6．which 7．with 8．emotions 9．helping 10．greater
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍的是被称为中国首个机器人博士生的“学霸01”在上海戏剧学院注册后受到广泛关注，还介绍了它的相关信息以及未来展望。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：被称为中国首位机器人博士生的“学霸01”，自其在上海戏剧学院注册以来就吸引了大量关注。句子已有谓语动词“has drawn”，此处作后置定语；“Xueba 01”与“know”之间是被动关系，“be known as”为固定搭配，意为“被称为……”，故用过去分词“known”。故填known。
2．考查时态。句意：被称为中国首位机器人博士生的“学霸01”，自其在上海戏剧学院注册以来就吸引了大量关注。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语since its registration at the Shanghai Theatre Academy (STA)可知，此处应为现在完成时，主语“Xueba 01”为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词应为has drawn。故填has drawn。
3．考查冠词。句意：作为一个“具身人工智能”，这个机器人通过物理交互学习艺术创作。此处表示泛指“一个具身人工智能”，且“embodied”是以元音音素开头的单词，所以此处应为不定冠词an。故填an。
4．考查名词。句意：作为一个“具身人工智能”，这个机器人通过物理交互学习艺术创作。此处为名词作宾语，interact的名词为interaction意为“交互”，为不可数名词。故填interaction。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：它灵活的硅胶皮肤使它能够做出类似人类的面部表情和手势。此处为固定短语allow sb to do sth，意为“允许某人做某事”，所以此处为动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to make。
6．考查定语从句。句意：它既使用语言又使用眼神交流，这超出了我的预期。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语，指代前面整个句子，所以使用关系代词which引导。故填which。
7．考查介词。句意：它配备了先进的技术，使其能够像人类一样进行交流和表达情感。此处为固定短语be equipped with意为“配备”。故填with。
8．考查名词复数。句意：它配备了先进的技术，使其能够像人类一样进行交流和表达情感。此处为名词作宾语，emotion意为“情感”为可数名词，此处表示“多种情感”，所以使用名词复数形式。故填emotions。
9．考查非谓语动词。句意：它将与人类学生在工作坊、实验室研究和创意项目中合作，帮助探索新型数字艺术。此处作伴随状语，help和逻辑主语It为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填helping。
10．考查形容词比较级。句意：在未来，它将为数字艺术领域做出更大的贡献，我们都期待着看到它在学院的精彩表现。此处为形容词作定语修饰名词contributions，根据空前much以及句意可知，此处表示“更大的”，所以使用形容词比较级。故填greater。
B
(湖南省衡阳市第八中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题)
Yang Chen-Ning: A Physics Giant
Nobel laureate and towering figure in physics, Yang Chen-Ning, passed away in Beijing at the age of 103. Tsinghua University, his long-time academic home, announced the news, honoring him 1 “immortal” in an official obituary (讣告).
Born in 1922, Yang’s academic path was anything but 2 (convention). His most celebrated achievement came in 1957 when he and Tsung-Dao Lee were awarded the Nobel Prize for their work on parity non-conservation, 3 discovery overturned a fundamental concept in physics. Furthermore, the Yang-Mills theory, 4 (develop) with Robert Mills, is now recognized as a cornerstone of the Standard Model.
Beyond his scientific contributions, Yang was a pivotal figure in 5 (bridge) China and the global scientific community. After returning for 6 landmark visit in 1971, he consistently urged that more overseas scholars 7 (follow) his example, earning him 8 (recognize) as a pioneer in facilitating academic exchanges.
In his later years, Yang devoted himself 9 (whole) to education and research at Tsinghua. His passing marks the conclusion of a century-long life. The university has proposed 10 (establish) a museum in his honor. Yang’s story continues to inspire future generations of scientists worldwide.
【答案】
1．as 2．conventional 3．whose 4．developed 5．bridging 6．a 7．should follow/follow 8．recognition 9．wholly 10．to establish
【导语】这是一篇人物传记。本文回顾了诺贝尔奖得主、物理学家杨振宁教授的辉煌一生及其不朽贡献。
1．考查介词。句意：他长期任职的学术家园清华大学公布了这一消息，并在官方讣告中称他为“不朽之人”。这里考查“honor sb. as...”，为固定搭配，意为“授予某人……称号、尊称某人为……”，符合语境。故填as。
2．考查形容词。句意：1922年出生的杨振宁，其学术道路绝非传统。所填空前有系动词was和副词短语“anything but”（绝非）修饰，需用名词convention的形容词形式conventional，表“传统的”，符合语境。故填conventional。
3．考查定语从句。句意：他最著名的成就是1957年，他与李政道因在宇称不守恒方面的研究获得诺贝尔奖，这一发现颠覆了物理学中的一个基本概念。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是work on parity non-conservation，从句中discovery与先行词为“所属关系”，应用关系代词whose作定语。故填whose。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，与罗伯特 米尔斯共同研发的杨 - 米尔斯理论，如今被公认为标准模型的基石。此空考查非谓语，The Yang-Mills theory与develop之间为被动关系，再由语境可知，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填developed。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：除了科学贡献外，杨振宁还是连接中国与全球科学界的关键人物。介词in后接动名词作宾语，应用bridge的动名词形式bridging。故填bridging。
6．考查冠词。句意：1971年进行具有里程碑意义的访问回国后，他一直敦促更多海外学者以他为榜样。landmark visit，表“具有里程碑意义的访问”，为可数名词单数，这里表泛指，且landmark以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
7．考查虚拟语气。句意：1971年进行具有里程碑意义的访问回国后，他一直敦促更多海外学者以他为榜样。“urge(敦促)”后接宾语从句时，从句需用虚拟语气，结构为“should + 动词原形”，should可省略，故填(should) follow。
8．考查名词。句意：这使他被公认为促进学术交流的先驱。分析句子结构可知，此空应填名词作动词earning的宾语， recognition，表“认可、公认”，为不可数名词，符合语境。故填recognition。
9．考查副词。句意：晚年，杨振宁全身心投入到清华大学的教育和研究工作中。所填空修饰动词devoted，需用形容词whole的副词形式wholly，表“完全地、全身心地”，符合语境。故填wholly。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：清华大学已提议为他建立一座博物馆。分析句子结构可知，这里考查propose to do sth.，表“计划/打算做某事”，符合语境。故填to establish。
C
(湖南省长沙市长郡中学2025-2026学年高三上学期11月月考英语试题)
“Du Fu: China’ s Greatest Poet”, a 58-minute documentary 1 (release) in international media outlets, has attracted worldwide attention. Praised as “China’ s greatest poet”, Du Fu 2 (introduce) to the Western world in documentary form for the first time in 2020.
The documentary uses “the greatest” to describe Du Fu, not only in China, but also in the scope of world literature, 3 (put) him alongside Dante and Shakespeare, and pointing out that there 4 (be) no such figure in the West as Du Fu. It also explores Du Fu 5 visiting modern China, tracing his life and retracing his steps through places like Xi’ an, Chengdu, and Changsha.
The documentary also gives 6 (high) favorable recognition to the long tradition of Chinese poetry, which is earlier than Homer’ s Iliad and The Odyssey, 7 shows that the era when Emperor Xuanzong ruled China in the Tang Dynasty was the brightest era of culture and the most splendid era of poetry. At that time, there was no civilization in the world that possessed such 8 (elegant) and culture as the Chinese civilization.
From 9 Englishman's point of view, historian Michael Wood tries to find traces of Du Fu in a rapidly changing China, where poets have always been seen as the trusted recorders of the people's hearts and the nation's history. “And for the Chinese,Du Fu is more than a poet,” said Wood. “For 10 (generation), he has been the protector of the moral conscience of the nation.”
【答案】
1．released 2．was introduced 3．putting 4．is 5．by 6．highly 7．and 8．elegance 9．an 10．generations
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一部纪录片《杜甫：中国最伟大的诗人》，这部纪录片带领观众开启了一场领略杜甫生平与作品的非凡之旅。文章旨在培养学生的全球视野和家国情怀。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：一部 58 分钟的纪录片《杜甫：中国最伟大的诗人》在国际媒体上发布，引发了全球关注。has attracted为谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，documentary和release之间为动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填released。
2．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：被誉为 “中国最伟大的诗人” 的杜甫，于2020年首次以纪录片形式被介绍给西方世界。根据时间状语in 2020可知，此处使用一般过去时；主语Du Fu和introduce之间为被动关系，需用被动语态；主语为单数名词，be动词用was。故填was introduced。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：这部纪录片用 “最伟大” 来形容杜甫，不仅在中国，而且在世界文学范围内，将他与但丁、莎士比亚相提并论，并指出西方没有像杜甫这样的人物。uses是谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词，The documentary和put之间为主谓关系，需填现在分词形式。故填putting。
4．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这部纪录片用 “最伟大” 来形容杜甫，不仅在中国，而且在世界文学范围内，将他与但丁、莎士比亚相提并论，并指出西方没有像杜甫这样的人物。此处陈述客观事实，需用一般现在时；there be句型中，be动词的单复数形式需根据后面的主语判断，figure为单数名词，be动词用is。故填is。
5．考查介词。句意：它还通过探访现代中国来探寻杜甫的足迹，追溯他的生平，并重走他曾到过的地方，如西安、成都和长沙。空处需填介词表示 “通过……的方式”，by符合语境。故填by。
6．考查副词。句意：这部纪录片还高度认可中国悠久的诗歌传统，它比荷马的《伊利亚特》和《奥德赛》还要早，并指出唐玄宗统治唐朝的时代是文化最辉煌、诗歌最灿烂的时代。空处修饰形容词favorable，需用副词形式。故填highly。
7．考查连词。句意：这部纪录片还高度认可中国悠久的诗歌传统，它比荷马的《伊利亚特》和《奥德赛》还要早，并指出唐玄宗统治唐朝的时代是文化最辉煌、诗歌最灿烂的时代。空处连接两个并列的谓语动词gives和shows，需用并列连词and。故填and。
8．考查名词。句意：当时，世界上没有任何一个文明拥有像中华文明这样的优雅与文化。空处和culture并列，需填名词作宾语，elegance为不可数名词，符合语境。故填elegance。
9．考查冠词。句意：历史学家迈克尔 伍德从一个英国人的视角出发，试图在飞速变化的中国寻找杜甫的踪迹。在这个国家，诗人一直被视为人民心声和国家历史的可靠记录者。Englishman为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且Englishman发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。故填an。
10．考查名词复数。句意：“对中国人来说，杜甫不仅仅是一位诗人，” 伍德说，“世世代代以来，他一直是民族道德良知的守护者。”generation为可数名词，此处表示“世世代代”，需用复数形式作宾语。故填generations。
D
（湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2025-2026学年高三上学期11月月考英语试题）
The artificial intelligence (AI) revolution is often compared to the industrial revolution. One key difference lies in energy 1 (consume). Training a large AI model can use more electricity than 100 homes need in a year. AI systems are growing more and more complex and the energy demands 2 (increase) rapidly.
This situation poses a challenge to global efforts for sustainable development. 3 , researchers are actively seeking solutions. One promising method is to use extra energy from renewable sources. For example, data centers can be programmed 4 (perform) energy-intensive tasks when solar or wind power is most available. This approach helps reduce carbon emissions and enables 5 more efficient use of clean energy.
Another strategy is committed to 6 (design) new AI chips. Scientists are developing the only hardware 7 imitates the human brain’s highly efficient way of processing information. These brain- like chips potentially reduce AI’s energy use by over 90%. Such an achievement would represent a great leap in sustainable computing.
The ultimate goal is to ensure AI’s development matches environmental protection. By combining smart energy management with innovative hardware, we can power the future of AI 8 putting too much pressure on our planet. This balance is 9 (true) important for our shared future. Everyone should realize that a sustainable approach 10 (require) for technological progress.
【答案】
1．consumption 2．are increasing 3．However 4．to perform 5．a 6．designing 7．that 8．without 9．truly 10．is required
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人工智能革命与工业革命的关键差异在于能源消耗，以及研究人员为解决人工智能能源需求增长问题所采取的可持续发展策略。
1．考查名词。句意：一个关键差异在于能源消耗。根据介词in可知，此空应是名词作宾语。consume的名词形式是consumption，表示“消耗”，是不可数名词。故填consumption。
2．考查动词时态。句意：人工智能系统变得越来越复杂，能源需求正在迅速增长。根据“are growing”以及“rapidly”可知，此处表示动作正在进行，应用现在进行时。主语demands复数，be动词用are，increase的现在分词是increasing。故填are increasing。
3．考查副词。句意：这种情况对全球可持续发展努力构成了挑战。然而，研究人员正在积极寻求解决方案。前后句是转折关系，且空格后有逗号，应用副词however，句首单词首字母大写。故填However。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，当太阳能或风能最可用时，数据中心可以编程(执行)能源密集型任务。be programmed to do sth.是固定用法，意为“被编程做某事”，此处用动词不定式作补语。故填to perform。
5．考查冠词。句意：这种方法有助于减少碳排放，并实现对清洁能源更高效的利用。此处use是可数名词单数，a more efficient use of...表示“对……更高效的利用”，more以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：另一种策略致力于设计新的人工智能芯片。be committed to doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“致力于做某事”，此处to是介词，后接动名词作宾语。故填designing。
7．考查定语从句。句意：科学家们正在开发唯一一种模仿人类大脑高效处理信息方式的硬件。先行词hardware被the only修饰，且在定语从句中作主语，关系代词应用that。故填that。
8．考查介词。句意：通过将智能能源管理与创新硬件相结合，我们可以在不给地球带来过多压力的情况下为人工智能的未来提供动力。根据下一句的balance可知，此处是指“不给地球带来过多压力”，应用介词without，表示“没有”。故填without。
9．考查副词。句意：这种平衡对我们共同的未来确实很重要。此空修饰形容词important，应用副词 truly，表示“确实”。故填truly。
10．考查动词时态语态。句意：每个人都应该意识到，技术进步需要一种可持续的方法。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，a sustainable approach与require是动宾关系，应用被动语态，主语是单数，be动词用is，require的过去分词是required。故填is required。
E
（广东省广州市2025-2026学年高三上学期6校联合期中调研考试英语试题）
With tourists around the world 1 (behave) badly in their pursuit to get the perfect Instagram shot, some destinations and tour 2 (operator) are working to get visitors to go beyond the selfie (自拍).
Selfie culture isn’t new, and neither is “deviant (偏离常规的)behaviour”. But with the rise of “revenge travel” and “the fear of missing out”, overtourism — and selfie culture, a seemingly 3 (link ) consequence — has intensified.
4 efforts from destinations around the world that long for tourists to stop and enjoy the beautiful scenery without 5 (necessary) capturing every second on camera, there are visitors who “go against societal norms (规范)”, exhibiting behaviour that’s “ 6 (disrespect) for the culture”. Whether it’s dressing inappropriately in certain settings, posing in front of memorials 7 engaging in risky photo-taking behaviour, this behaviour can be problematic for both residents and visitors. However, the number of locals 8 object to tourists behaving badly is on the increase, and they’re voicing their concerns with authorities who are starting to take action.
Now policymakers and governments 9 (put) measures in place to restrict travel to certain bucket-list sites. Some are even taking direct measures against photo shoots and selfie-takers.
Some policies can be useful, and education and example-setting is also important, especially as some places may need the 10 (promote) as well as the resulting tourism dollars.
【答案】
1．behaving 2．operators 3．linked 4．Despite 5．necessarily 6．disrespectful 7．or 8．who/that 9．are putting 10．promotion
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了全球范围内部分游客为拍摄完美社交平台照片而行为失当的现象。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着世界各地的游客为了拍出完美的照片墙（Instagram）照片而行为失当，一些目的地和旅游运营商正努力让游客不止于自拍。此处是“with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”结构，“tourists”与“behave”之间是主动关系，需用现在分词“behaving”作宾语补足语。故填behaving。
2．考查名词复数。句意：随着世界各地的游客为了拍出完美的照片墙（Instagram）照片而行为失当，一些目的地和旅游运营商正努力让游客不止于自拍。“operator”是可数名词，前面有“some”修饰，需用复数形式“operators”，与“destinations”并列作主语。故填operators。
3．考查形容词。句意：但随着“报复性旅游”和“错失恐惧症”的兴起，过度旅游——以及自拍文化这一看似相关的后果——愈演愈烈。此处需用形容词作定语修饰名词“consequence”，表示“相关的、有联系的”；“link”是动词，其形容词形式为“linked”。故填linked。
4．考查介词。句意：尽管世界各地的目的地都在努力，希望游客能停下来欣赏美景，而不必每时每刻都用相机记录，但仍有一些游客“违背社会规范”，表现出“不尊重当地文化”的行为。根据前后句逻辑关系，前句讲“目的地的努力”，后句讲“部分游客仍行为失当”，存在让步关系，需用介词“despite”，后接名词短语“efforts from destinations around the world”，句首首字母大写。故填Despite。
5．考查副词。句意：尽管世界各地的目的地都在努力，希望游客能停下来欣赏美景，而不必每时每刻都用相机记录，但仍有一些游客“违背社会规范”，表现出“不尊重当地文化”的行为。此处需用副词作状语修饰动词“capturing”，表示“必要地、必然地”；“necessary”是形容词，其副词形式为“necessarily”，“without necessarily doing sth.”意为“不必做某事”。故填necessarily。
6．考查形容词。句意：尽管世界各地的目的地都在努力，希望游客能停下来欣赏美景，而不必每时每刻都用相机记录，但仍有一些游客“违背社会规范”，表现出“不尊重当地文化”的行为。此处是固定搭配“be disrespectful for...”，意为“不尊重……”，需用形容词“disrespectful”作表语。故填disrespectful。
7．考查连词。句意：无论是在某些场合穿着不当、在纪念碑前摆姿势拍照，还是参与危险的拍照行为，这种行为对当地居民和游客都可能产生问题。此处是固定搭配“whether...or...”，意为“无论是……还是……”，连接三个并列的动名词短语（dressing...、posing...、engaging...），表示选择关系。故填or。
8．考查定语从句关系词。句意：然而，反对游客行为失当的当地人数量正在增加，他们正向开始采取行动的当局表达担忧。此处引导定语从句，先行词是“locals”，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，需用“who/that”引导。故填who/that。
9．考查动词时态与主谓一致。句意：现在，政策制定者和政府正在制定措施，限制前往某些热门景点的旅行。根据时间状语“Now”可知，句子需用现在进行时，强调当前正在进行的动作；主语“policymakers and governments”是复数，谓语动词用“are putting”。故填are putting。
10．考查名词。句意：一些政策可能有用，教育和示范也很重要，尤其是因为一些地方可能既需要宣传，也需要由此带来的旅游收入。此处需名词作“need”的宾语，“promote”是动词，其名词形式为“promotion”意为“宣传”符合句意，且为不可数名词。故填promotion。
F
（2025届广东省高考毕业班仿真模拟测试（一）英语试题）
On March 30, a “taiji for All” event was held in Brussels, 1 five Belgian Taiji associations took turns to take the stage, leading Belgian people closer to Taiji. After that, the movie Taiji Zhang Sanfeng. 2 (star) Jet Li, Michelle Yeoh and other stars, was shown on the spot.
Taiji, thought of 3 a treasure of traditional Chinese culture, enjoys worldwide reputation for its philosophical ideas like 4 (harmonious) between man and nature and co-existence of all things. In 2020, Taijquan, based on Taiji philosophy and integrating traditional Chinese health-keeping and combat wisdom, 5 (list) in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity
Yu Jiajian, president of the European Taiji Culture Center, performed Yang-style Taiji Saber (刀) on-site. He explained that this set of saber techniques 6 (be) gentle within toughness. Though the movement speed was soft and stable, the movement strength was full of inner power. Fei Shengchao, the Chinese Ambassador to Belgium, who attended 7 event, said that Taiji integrated knowledge and 8 (practice) from multiple fields. Its core ideas had contributed Eastern wisdom to 9 (globe) ecological civilization construction. He hoped the occasion would provide a platform for Belgian Taiji enthusiasts 10 (display) and communicate, enhancing local people’s understanding of Taiji culture.
【答案】
1．where 2．Starring 3．as 4．harmony 5．was listed 6．was 7．the 8．practices 9．global 10．to display
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了3月30日在布鲁塞尔举行了一场“全民太极”活动，多家比利时太极协会参与，现场还放映了电影《太极张三丰》。
1．考查定语从句。句意：3月30日，一场“全民太极”活动在布鲁塞尔举行，五家比利时太极协会轮流登台，带领比利时人走近太极。“_____ five Belgian Taiji associations took turns to take the stage”为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“event”，关系词将其代入定语从句中作地点状语，表示“在这一活动中”，是模糊地点，应用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：之后，现场放映了由李连杰、杨紫琼等明星主演的电影《太极张三丰》。“(star) Jet Li, Michelle Yeoh and other stars”作后置定语，star(由……担任主角)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语“movie”之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式表主动。故填Starring。
3．考查介词。句意：太极被视为中国传统文化的瑰宝，因其“人与自然和谐共生”等哲学理念享誉全球。think of…as…是动词短语，意为“把……看作是，认为……是”，句中使用其过去分词形式作后置定语。故填as。
4．考查名词。句意：太极被视为中国传统文化的瑰宝，因其“人与自然和谐共生”等哲学理念享誉全球。根据句意及空前介词“like”可知，此处应用名词harmony作宾语，意为“和谐”，抽象名词不可数。故填harmony。
5．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：2020年，基于太极哲学、融合中国传统养生和搏击智慧的太极拳被列入人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。list (列入)是谓语动词，与主语“Taijquan”之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“In 2020”可知，讲述过去的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填was listed。
6．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：他解释说，这套刀法刚中有柔。提示词be (是)是系动词，作谓语，根据上文“explained”可知，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态，主语“this set”是单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填was。
7．考查冠词。句意：中国驻比利时大使费胜潮也出席了此次活动，他说太极融合了多领域的知识和实践。特指上文提到的“全民太极”活动，应用定冠词the限定，表特指。故填the。
8．考查名词。句意：中国驻比利时大使费胜潮也出席了此次活动，他说太极融合了多领域的知识和实践。名词practice作宾语，与名词“knowledge”是并列关系，意为“实践，实际行动”，结合“from multiple fields”可知，表示多领域的实践，用复数形式。故填practices。
9．考查形容词。句意：它的核心理念为全球生态文明建设贡献了东方智慧。提示词修饰名词词组“ecological civilization construction”，用形容词global作定语，意为“全球的”。故填global。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：他希望这次活动能为比利时太极爱好者提供一个展示和交流的平台，增进当地人对太极文化的了解。结合“provide a platform for Belgian Taiji enthusiasts...”可知，此处应用不定式复合结构“for+逻辑主语+to do”，表示“为比利时太极爱好者提供展示交流的平台”。故填to display。
G
（2025届河北省名校联考高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试题）
Copper cash (铜钱) is the general term of Chinese ancient currency made of copper which turned up in the Qin Dynasty (221 BC — 206 BC), a dynasty leaving 1 (vary) treasures to Chinese people, such as the Great Wall and the Terracotta Army.
The copper coin originated from “huan cash”, a kind of ancient copper coin with ring shape used in the Warring States Period 2 lasted from 475 BC to 221 BC． 3 (general) speaking, most of the copper coins 4 (be) round and there is a square hole in the center of the coin-hence there is another Chinese name called “fangkong cash” (fangkong mean square hole). People can distinguish different kinds of copper coins by the letters 5 (mark) on the coins. These letters always refer to the royal title in different 6 (dynasty), such as “Qianlong Tongbao” and “Yongzheng Tongbao” in the Qing Dynasty (1616 — 1911) .
The earliest copper coin is called “ban liang qian”, or Ban Liang coins, which emerged and began to circulate (流通) in 7 whole country following the foundation of the Qin Dynasty. Ban Liang coins were more material-economical 8 any other coin circulating at that time and the题型15 语法填空（实词题）
题型简介
实词填空是高考英语语法填空中考查语言核心构建能力的基础题型。该题型要求考生根据空格所处的语法结构和语境逻辑，对名词、动词、形容词和副词进行正确的词形转换与语境应用。一般题型占比分数为10分左右。
在高考英语语法填空中，实词填空是衡量学生语言生成能力是否扎实的关键标尺。它并非单纯考查词汇记忆，而是对学生深刻理解句子成分、熟练掌握构词法则、精准把握语境需求等核心能力的综合检验。随着高考对语言运用准确性与地道性要求的不断提升，确保此类题目的得分率，对于学生巩固语法根基、提升整体成绩具有至关重要的战略意义，是学生在语法填空部分稳健发挥的基石。该题型主要考查四大实词方向：名词 ；动词；形容词与副词在语境中的词义确定与形式匹配
设题类型&解题思路
考向01 名词考点
核心定位： 名词考点是语法填空的“基石型”考查点，它不单纯考查词汇量，而是精准考查学生在具体语境中，对名词的数量概念、所属关系和词性转换的规则掌握与灵活应用能力。
考点一：名词的单复数
设题类型：
1. 规则复数变化： 空格前有明显数量词（a/an, two, many, several, these, those等）、表数量的短语（a couple of, a number of等）或暗示复数的语境（如 various, different），提示名词需用复数形式。
2. 不规则复数变化： 考查常见不规则名词的复数形式（如child→children, foot→feet, phenomenon→phenomena等）。
3. 单复数同形： 考查如sheep, deer, aircraft, species, means等词在复数语境下的形态（保持不变）。
4. “形义不一致”判断： 某些名词形式为复数（常以-s结尾），但表示单数概念（如news, physics）；或集体名词（如family, team, audience）在强调个体时视为复数，强调整体时视为单数，需根据谓语动词或上下文判断。
解题思路分析：
定位线索，判断“数”的概念： 首先，快速扫描空格前后的限定词、修饰语及整个句子的逻辑，明确此处需要的是单数还是复数概念。
回忆规则，确定正确形式： 对于规则变化，直接加-s或-es。对于不规则变化，需依赖记忆库准确输出。对于单复数同形，保持原形。
结合句意，验证逻辑： 将填入的名词复数形式代入句中，检查其与谓语动词、代词等在数上是否逻辑一致。
例句解析： (2022全国甲卷改编) After a while, a few _____ (student) from the class came up to the platform to share their stories.
分析： 空格前有“a few”（几个），明确修饰可数名词复数。解题： student为规则可数名词，复数直接加-s。答案： students
考点二：名词的所有格
设题类型：
1. ’s所有格： 主要用于有生命的人或物、国家、机构、时间、距离等的所属关系。
2. of所有格： 主要用于无生命的事物、抽象概念或较长名词短语的所属关系。
3. 双重所有格： 考查“of + 名词所有格/名词性物主代词”结构，如a friend of my father’s。
解题思路分析：
分析所属关系双方： 判断空格要表达的是“谁的”或“什么的”。重点是看“所有者”的属性（有生命/无生命）和形式（单词/短语）。
选择适当结构：
1. 若“所有者”是单个有生命的名词（如Tom, the dog），或表示时间、距离、国家等，通常用’s。
2. 若“所有者”是无生命的名词或是一个较长的短语，通常用of结构。
3. 若表示“其中之一”或带有感彩（如赞赏、厌恶），且中心词前有a/an, this, that, some等限定词，考虑双重所有格。
注意形式变化： 使用’s时，若名词本身已是复数并以-s结尾，则直接加’；不规则复数名词仍需加’s。
例句解析：_____ (teacher) encouragement played a key role in building my confidence.
分析： “鼓励”属于“老师”，表示所属。所有者“teacher”为单数有生命名词。解题： 应用’s所有格。答案： The teacher’s / A teacher’s
考点三：名词的变形（词性转换之“名词→动词/形容词”）
设题类型： 这是考查学生词汇活用能力和语言生成灵活性的重要方式。题干给出的提示词是名词，但根据句子结构，空格处需要填入其动词形式或形容词形式才能满足语法和逻辑要求。
核心解题思路：成分定需求，语法判方向： 分析句子成分是决定性步骤。
1. 若空格需要作谓语（时态、语态）、非谓语（不定式、分词）或通过变形使句子结构完整（如“使…化”），则需转换为动词。
2. 若空格需要作定语修饰名词、作表语描述主语性质、或作补足语说明宾语状态，则通常需转换为形容词。
联想构词法，实现词性转换： 确定方向后，应用常见的前缀、后缀或转化规律。
1. 名词 → 动词： 常通过添加前缀（如 en-, be-）或后缀（如 -ize, -en, -ify），或直接进行“零转化”（转化词）。
2. 名词 → 形容词： 主要通过添加后缀（如 -ful, -less, -ous, -al, -y, -ic, -ish 等）来实现。
形态调整与验证： 转换为动词后，需根据语境确定正确的时态、语态或非谓语形式；转换为形容词后，需考虑是否需要用比较级或最高级。
考向02 动词考点
核心定位： 动词是句子的“心脏”和“引擎”，其考查贯穿语法填空始终。动词考点不仅检验学生对时态、语态等基本语法规则的掌握，更是对其在复杂语境中逻辑判断与精准表达能力的高阶挑战。攻克动词考点，是提升语法填空得分率的决定性环节
考点一：谓语动词的时态与语态
此考点要求根据语境，为句子主干中的谓语选择正确的时间状态（时态）和主被动关系（语态）。
1. 一般现在时
核心考点：真理习惯、频度动作、从句替将来。
常考时间状语/标志：频度副词：always, often, usually, sometimes, every day/week；客观真理与科学事实；在if/unless/when/until等引导的条件/时间状语从句中（主句为将来时）
解题思路：看到客观真理、频度副词（often, usually）或if/when等引导的条件/时间状语从句（主句为将来时），空格谓语用动词原形（第三人称单数加-s）。
2. 一般过去时
核心考点：过去特定动作、连续叙事、过去习惯。
常考时间状语/标志：明确过去时间点：yesterday, last night/week/year, in 1990, ... ago, just now；由when等引导的、表示过去具体时间点的从句；上下文其他动词均为过去式，构成叙事语境。
解题思路：看到明确过去时间状语（yesterday, last year, ago）、上下文叙事背景为过去，或描述过去习惯，空格谓语用动词过去式。
3. 现在完成时（高频重点）
核心考点：过去动作对现在的影响（已完成）；动作从过去持续至今（未完成）。
解题思路：
思路1（已完成）：无具体过去时间点，但有already, just, ever, yet, so far, recently等词，强调现在的结果。
思路2（未完成）：有“for + 时间段”或“since + 时间点”，表示持续。
固定句型：“It is the first time that...”从句中用现在完成时。
结构：have/has + 过去分词。
4. 被动语态（常与时态结合考查）
核心考点：主语是动作的承受者。
解题思路：
判关系：主语不能主动执行该动作，即为主被动。
定时态：根据语境确定动作发生的时间。
套结构：be动词的对应时态形式 + 动词的过去分词。
例句：The plan _____ (discuss) at the meeting yesterday. （计划被讨论，且时间昨天）
分析：主语“计划”被讨论；时间过去。
答案：was discussed （一般过去时的被动语态）
考点二：非谓语动词
考查核心： 判断动词在句中不作谓语时，应选择哪种非谓语形式（不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词）及其相应的时态和语态。
1. 不定式 (to do)：
主要功能： 表目的、将来、结果（常与only连用）；用于某些动词后作宾语（want to do, decide to do）；用于形容词后作原因状语（glad to see you）；作后置定语（something to eat）。
解题思路： 空格表目的吗？空格前有要求接不定式的动词/形容词吗？空格是修饰一个“有待完成”的事吗？
例句：The manager asked me _____ (prepare) a report by Friday.
分析： “ask sb. to do sth.”为固定搭配，空格作宾语补足语。答案： to prepare
2. 动名词 (doing)：
主要功能： 作主语、宾语（尤其在介词后）、表语。某些动词后固定接doing作宾语（enjoy, finish, avoid, practice, consider）。
解题思路： 空格在介词后吗？空格在句首作主语吗？空格前的动词是那些“只爱doing”的动词吗？
例句：He suggested _____ (have) a meeting to discuss the problem.
分析： “suggest doing sth.”为固定用法。答案： having
3. 现在分词 (doing) 与过去分词 (done)：
核心区别： 主动与进行用现在分词；被动与完成用过去分词。
解题思路（三步法）：
判关系： 看分词与逻辑主语（通常是所修饰的名词或句子主语）的关系。
主动关系（逻辑主语发出该动作）→ 现在分词。
被动关系（逻辑主语承受该动作）→ 过去分词。
看时间： 看分词动作与谓语动作发生的时间先后。
若同时发生或正在进行，现在分词表主动进行，过去分词表被动完成（状态）。
若明显先于谓语动作，可用having done（主动完成）或having been done（被动完成），但高考更倾向于直接用过去分词(done)表被动完成。
例句：_____ (See) from the top of the hill, the city looks magnificent.
分析： 分词短语的逻辑主语是“the city”。“城市”与“看”之间是被动关系（城市被看）。应用过去分词表被动。答案： Seen
考点三：动词的词性转换（动词 → 名词/形容词）
设题类型：题干提示词为动词，但根据句子成分分析，空格处需要其名词或形容词形式，以符合语法与句意要求。
核心解题思路：步骤一：成分定需求，语法判方向。
首先分析句子成分，确定空格在句中的功能：
1. 若空格在句中作主语、宾语（位于及物动词或介词后），或受冠词（a/an/the）、形容词、物主代词直接修饰，则需转换为名词。
2. 若空格在句中作定语修饰名词，或在系动词（be, become, feel等）后作表语描述主语状态，则通常需转换为形容词。
步骤二：联想构词法，实现词性转。
确定方向后，运用常见词缀进行转换：
1. 动词 → 名词（高频后缀）：
-ment: develop → development (发展)
-tion/-sion: invent → invention (发明); decide → decision (决定)
-ance/-ence: appear → appearance (出现); differ → difference (不同)
-ing: paint → painting (画作/绘画)
2. 动词 → 形容词（核心区分）：
-ing: 表“令人…的”，修饰物或事。例：The news is exciting. (消息令人兴奋。)
-ed: 表“感到…的”，修饰人。例：We are excited. (我们感到兴奋。)
其他常见后缀：-ive (act → active), -able (accept → acceptable)
步骤三：形态调整与验证。
转换后，需进行最终校验：
1. 转换为名词后，需根据语境判断用单数还是复数（如discovery→discoveries）。
2. 转换为形容词后，需判断是否需要用比较级或最高级。
3. 将最终答案代入句子，确保语法正确、逻辑通顺。
考向03 形容词/副词考点
考点一：形容词与副词的基本转换与构成
设题类型： 题干给出形容词，要求根据句子成分转换为副词；或给出副词/其他词类，要求转换为形容词。
解题思路分析：成分定词性： 这是根本原则。
1. 若空格用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，作状语，则需副词（通常加-ly）。
2. 若空格用于修饰名词，作定语；或位于系动词（be, become, feel, seem等）后作表语，描述主语性质状态，则需形容词。
识记特殊变化： 掌握少数不以-ly结尾的副词（如fast, hard, late, high等，它们与形容词同形），以及需改变拼写的副词（如true→truly, happy→happily, possible→possibly）。
验证逻辑： 代入后检查是否符合句意逻辑。
例句： The team worked _____ (effective) and finished the project ahead of schedule.
分析： 空格修饰动词“worked”，作方式状语，需用副词。解题： effective (形容词) → effectively (副词)。答案： effectively
考点二：形容词与副词的原级
设题类型： 在特定结构中考查形容词或副词的原级形式。
常见标志结构：
1. as...as... / (not) so...as...：表示“和……一样/不一样”。
2. too...to...：表示“太……而不能”。
3. enough to...：表示“足够……可以”。（enough的位置：形容词/副词+enough）
4. so...that... / such...that...：表示“如此……以至于”（so后接形容词/副词，such后接名词短语）
解题思路分析：
识别结构： 看到上述固定搭配，立即判断空格处需用形容词或副词的原级。
确定词性：
1. 在“as/so/too + ______”中，空格多为形容词或副词原级，需根据修饰对象判断（修饰名词用形容词，修饰动词/形容词用副词）。
2. 在“______ enough”中，空格为形容词或副词原级。
确保形式： 原级即为单词本身，无需变化。
例句：He is not _____ (patient) as his brother when dealing with children.
分析： 见到“not so...as...”结构，空格处需用形容词原级，作表语。答案： patient
考点三：形容词与副词的比较级和最高级
设题类型： 通过上下文隐含的对比或最高级语境，考查形容词或副词的比较级和最高级形式。考
解题思路分析：寻找标志词，判断级别：
比较级标志： than, much, even, still, a little, a bit, ...of the two, 以及“the+比较级..., the+比较级...”结构。
最高级标志： in/of/among短语（表示范围），序数词，one of，以及隐含的“最……之一”概念。最高级前通常有定冠词the。
1. 确定词性与形式：
根据句子成分，确定需要形容词还是比较副词。
回忆并正确写出该词的比较级和最高级形式。重点掌握不规则变化
（good/well→better→best; bad/ill→worse→worst; many/much→more→most; little→less→least; far→farther/further→farthest/furthest）。
对于多音节词和部分双音节词，使用more/most + 原级。
2. 验证与特例： 注意比较对象要一致，避免自我比较。在副词最高级前，the可省略。
例句（比较级）：
The new design is _____ (creative) and practical than the old one.
分析： 句中有“than”，提示此为两者比较，需用比较级。creative为多音节形容词。解题： more creative。答案： more creative
例句（最高级）： This is _____ (early) I have ever gotten up this month.
分析： “I have ever...”暗示“这是我本月起得最早的一次”，需用最高级。early既可以是形容词也可以是副词，此处修饰动词短语“gotten up”，为副词。解题： early副词，最高级为earliest。副词最高级前the可省略。答案： (the) earliest
考点四：形容词的反义与前缀
设题类型： 根据句意逻辑（转折、对比等），要求将所给形容词变为其反义词。
解题思路分析：
判断逻辑： 仔细阅读上下文，尤其是空格前后是否有but, however, instead, while等转折词，或语义上形成直接对比。
添加前缀： 通过添加否定前缀构成反义词是常见考法。需熟记常见前缀：
un-: happy→unhappy, usual→unusual
im-: (用于以m, p开头的形容词前) possible→impossible, polite→impolite
in-: correct→incorrect, direct→indirect
il-: (用于以l开头的形容词前) legal→illegal, logical→illogical
ir-: (用于以r开头的形容词前) regular→irregular, responsible→irresponsible
dis-: honest→dishonest, similar→dissimilar
代入验证： 将带前缀的词代入，确保句意通顺、逻辑成立。
例句：The task was far from easy; in fact, it was _____ (possible) to complete in one day.
分析： 前句说“远非容易”，后句“in fact”进一步强调，语义上需一个表示“不可能”的词形成递进。解题： possible的反义词为impossible。答案： impossible
考向01 名词考点
【例1-1】(云南昭通一中等三校2025-2026学年高考备考实用性联考卷（四）英语试题节选)
It’s really 7 (evidence) that reading isn’t something that children are willing to turn to automatically 8 (automatic),” she added.
【答案】evident
【详解】考查名词变形容词。句意：她补充说：“很明显，阅读并不是孩子们愿意自动去做的事情。”空格前有系动词 is，需用evidence的形容词形式evident“明显的”作表语。故填evident。
【例1-2】(2026届浙江省宁波市海曙区等5地高三一模英语试题节选)
The film follows four small monsters — a pig, a toad, a weasel, and an ape — who disguise 2 as characters from Journey to the West, seeking to live forever before finding themselves protecting villagers from evil 3 (force).
【答案】
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：这部电影讲述的是四个小怪物的故事——一只猪、一只蟾蜍、一只黄鼠狼和一只猿猴，它们装扮成《西游记》中的角色，试图长生不老，却最终发现自己要保护村民免受邪恶势力的侵害。此处名词force数量大于一用复数形式，作宾语。故填forces。
【例1-3】(2026届浙江省宁波市海曙区等5地高三一模英语试题节选)
4 To create (create) the film’s unique Chinese animation style, Yu Shui, director of the film, and his team conducted field research from northern to southern Shanxi, bringing the beauty of the 4 (province) ancient architecture onto the silver screen.
【答案】province’s
【详解】考查名词所有格。句意：为打造影片独特的中国动画风格，导演於水及其团队在山西自北向南开展实地采风，将该省古建筑之美搬上了银幕。此处province与architecture构成所属关系，用名词所有格形式。故填province’s。
【变式1-1】（2026届浙江省“9+1”联盟高三上学期一模联考英语试题节选）
On the digital front, Chagee’s WeChat ordering page displays 7 (nutrition) values, including calorie content and sweetness levels.
【变式1-2】（2026届浙江省“9+1”联盟高三上学期一模联考英语试题节选）
The practice not only reflects Chagee’s understanding of consumer 10 (need) but also helps the brand get closer to consumers, creating a lifestyle that gives them a sense of belonging.
【变式1-3】（2022新高考二卷节选）
__37 The___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto....He saved my ___44___(son) life," said Mrs. Brown.
考向02 动词考点
【例2-1】(云南昭通一中等三校2025-2026学年高考备考实用性联考卷（四）英语试题节选)
“People still love reading books in Britain, and there is hope that our society 3 (find) its way back to reading in the future,”Ms. Dent said. “If you go to any bookshop these days, you’ll find it frequently 4 (visit).
【答案】 3．will find 4．visited
【详解】3．考查动词时态。句意：登特女士说：“英国人仍然热爱读书，希望我们的社会未来能找到回归阅读的道路。” 空格处为宾语从句的谓语动词，根据时间状语in the future可知，此处表示将来的动作，用一般将来时，结构为will + 动词原形。故填will find。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：如今如果你去任何一家书店，都会发现它经常有人光顾。此处为“find + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”结构，it指代bookshop，与visit之间是被动关系，需用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填visited。
【例2-2】(吉林省长春市东北师范大学附属中学2025-2026学年高三上学期第二次摸底考试英语试题节选)
……the documentary has received general 6 recognition (recognize) as it gives viewers a rare opportunity to gain insights into the craftsmanship. The restorers 7 (commit) to preserving the original essence of the relics while 8 (fix) any damage they may have suffered.
【答案】 7. are committed 8. fixing
【详解】7．考查时态和被动语态。句意：修复师们致力于保留文物的原有精髓，同时修补它们可能遭受的任何损坏。空处为谓语动词，句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语The restorers是复数，与commit构成被动关系，且有固定短语be committed to doing sth.“致力于做某事”，故应用一般现在时的被动语态的复数形式are committed。故填are committed。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：修复师们致力于保留文物的原有精髓，同时修补它们可能遭受的任何损坏。while引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语The restorers一致，可省略从句主语及be动词，完整的从句是“while they are fixing any damage they may have suffered”，省略了they are，空处需填现在分词。故填fixing。
【例2-3】(2026届河北省衡水市高三上学期三模英语试题节选)
The company’s president, DJ Seo, said the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted 3 (permit) for the study.
【答案】 permission
【详解】 考查动词变名词。句意：该公司总裁DJ Seo表示，美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）已批准这项研究。grant是及物动词，后接名词作宾语，permit的名词形式是permission，意为“许可，批准”，为不可数名词。故填permission。
【变式2-1】(2026届江西省景德镇高三上学期一模英语试题)
China’s intelligent related driving industry has entered a new stage of 1 (fast) development, shifting from a small-scale testing phase to large-scale commercial application.
China 2 (establish) multiple pilot areas and demonstration bases across the country ever since. For example, in Beijing, the Yizhuang area, as 3 turned out, has become a key region for the development of intelligent 4 (connect) vehicles. Many auto companies and tech firms are conducting 5 (experiment) testing and application promotion here.
The new output value of China’s intelligent related vehicle industry 6 (expect) to reach different targets in 2025 and 2030. Industry insiders believe that 7 the continuous improvement of technology and the continuous expansion of the market, the intelligent related vehicle industry will become 8 important driving force to upgrade China’s automotive industry.
9 , the development of this industry also faces some challenges. For example, there are still some bottlenecks in terms of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication technology standards.
Despite these challenges, the future of China’s intelligent related driving industry is 10 (promise). With the joint efforts of the government, enterprises and research institutions, it is hopeful to make greater breakthroughs in the next few years.
【变式2-2】(贵州省六盘水市2025-2026学年高三上学期一模英语试题)
In the vast deserts of northwest China, Fan Jinshi made a home — not out of necessity, but out of devotion. It was 1963 1 she arrived from Peking University, and for more than half a century, the Mogao Caves became her life’s work. 2 (draw) by a sense of mission, she devoted herself to preserving the fragile Buddhist art inside these ancient grottos, a UNESCO World Heritage site, despite the remote and tough environment.
Her conservation work was never hurried 3 (ensure) the highest quality. She led a team of restorers who used traditional methods, sometimes spending days 4 (repair) just one square inch of a fading wall painting. This kind of careful, patient work reflects more than just professional skill, but values focus, patience, and deep respect for the task 5 hand.
But Fan Jinshi did not only look to 6 past. With great foresight, she brought together ancient traditions with modem technology. She launched the “Digital Dunhuang” project, through which countless wall paintings and statues were very 7 (careful) recorded in digital form, preserved for future 8 (generation). In this combination of tradition and innovation, we see a modem form of the craftsman spirit-one that honors history while embracing the future.
Fan Jinshi’s life conveys a powerful truth that some of the most precious treasures 9 (save) not in a hurry, but through a lifetime of patience, attention, and love. Thanks to 10 (she), the silent beauty of the Mogao Caves continues to inspire.
考向03 形容词/副词考点
【例3-1】(2026届浙江省温州市普通高中高三上学期第一次适应性考试英语试题节选)
Yet that same year laid bare the lack of comprehensive national standards, sparking calls for 9 (clear) definitions and tighter oversight.
【答案】 clearer
【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：然而，同年也暴露出缺乏全面的国家标准，引发了人们对更明确定义和更严格监管的呼吁。根据空后tighter oversight可知，空处需用形容词比较级clearer，表示更明确的定义。故填clearer。
【例3-2】（2026届广西壮族自治区柳州市高三第一次模拟英语考试节选）
3 (historical) performed by men, the dance has expanded to welcome female performers.reflecting its adaptability and evolving nature in contemporary contexts.
【答案】 Historically
【详解】考查副词。句意：历史上由男性表演的舞蹈已经扩展到欢迎女性表演者，反映了其在当代背景下的适应性和不断发展的性质。修饰动词performed，应用副词historically“历史上”，作状语，句首首字母大写。故填Historically。
【例3-3】（2024年全国甲卷语法填空节选）
Yellowstone was the _________(large) United States national park-2.2 million acres-until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, which became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
【答案】largest
【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：黄石公园是最大的美国国家公园-220万英亩-直到阿拉斯加南部的兰格尔-圣埃利亚斯于1978年成为国家纪念碑，并于1980年以1230万英亩的面积获得国家公园的荣誉。根据句意，此处表范围内最大，需用最高级形式，故填largest。
【变式3-1】（2026届广东省大湾区高三上学期普通高中毕业年级联合模拟考试英语试卷节选）
Audiences were impressed by the rich storytelling, graceful choreography, and 9 striking (strike) stage design, calling it a feast for the senses. “We hope this work of art helps more people engage with Chinese culture and promotes 10 (deep) understanding between traditions,” said Liao Yi, general manager of the Jiangsu Centre for the Performing Arts.
【变式3-2】（2025届湖北省鄂东南高三下学期5月联考英语试题节选）
2 (dominate) the spotlights, and possibly all the other sporting feasts in 2024, was Zheng Qinwen’s history-making Paris 2024 campaign. As a rising Chinese tennis star, she performed 3 (remarkable) with her devotion and talent on the international stage, inspiring 4 nationwide craze for racket sports. Zheng got her breakout year off to a flying start, with her first major final appearance at the Australian Open, followed by a strong second half 5 saw her claim two titles at the WTA250 event in Palermo, Italy, and in the WTA 500 in Tokyo. Given that it was just her third full season competing on the pro circuit, Zheng, whose ambition is 6 (become) a global figure inspiring the next generation of athletes, left fans assured that her 7 (fruit) 2024 was just the beginning of something greater.
专题01 高考真题练
A
（2025年全国高考二卷英语真题）
I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, 1 bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and 2 (center) heating doesn’t exist.
Nothing in my life before prepared me 3 this one-and to be sure, the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area. But it’s amazing how you can adapt 4 learn in a new environment. Over time, I’ve found 5 (I) feeling extremely at home here. And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes 6 (be) one of them. Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance 7 (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the 8 (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky 9 (afternoon) with lots of fresh air.
If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt 10 (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders.
B
（2024年全国甲卷英语真题）
Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend 1 (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. They are 2 (treasure) of American heritage (遗产). How did the national park system come about On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in 3 is now northwestern Wyoming. They 4 (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.
What should 5 (do) with such a beautiful place They wondered out loud. This area, with 6 (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved 7 all people of the nation to enjoy — as a national park. They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the 8 (complete) of their journey. Their promotional work paid off. Two years later, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became the first national park in the United States and the world. Yellowstone was the 9 (large) United States national park — 2.2 million acres — until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 10 became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
C
（2024年新课标Ⅰ卷英语真题）
Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times.
The latest 1 (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective 2 (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days 3 (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays 4 (close) to protect the plants.
Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 5 (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 6 first time. These plants included modern Western 7 (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too.
The Glasshouse stands 8 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 9 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 10 (rich) of gardening in England.
专题02 优秀模拟题
A
(2026届重庆名校联盟高三第一次联考英语试题)
“Xueba 01”, 1 (know) as China’s first robot PhD student, 2 (draw) much attention since its registration at the Shanghai Theatre Academy (STA). This event shows that artificial intelligence is now part of higher education.
“Xueba 01” was made by a team led by Professor Li Qingdu from the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology. As 3 “embodied AI”, the robot learns artistic creation through physical 4 (interact). It is 1.75 meters tall and weighs about 30 kilograms. Its flexible silicone skin allows it 5 (make) human-like facial expressions and gestures.
During the orientation, “Xueba 01” got its student ID and talked with Pan Tao, a famous CCTV news host. After their talk, Pan said, “It answers very fast. It uses both words and eye contact, 6 was more than I expected.” It is equipped 7 advanced technology, enabling it to communicate and express 8 (emotion) like humans. It will work with human students in workshops, lab research, and creative projects, 9 (help) to explore new kinds of digital art.
In the future, it will make much 10 (great) contributions to the field of digital art, and we are all looking forward to seeing its wonderful performance in the academy.
B
(湖南省衡阳市第八中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题)
Yang Chen-Ning: A Physics Giant
Nobel laureate and towering figure in physics, Yang Chen-Ning, passed away in Beijing at the age of 103. Tsinghua University, his long-time academic home, announced the news, honoring him 1 “immortal” in an official obituary (讣告).
Born in 1922, Yang’s academic path was anything but 2 (convention). His most celebrated achievement came in 1957 when he and Tsung-Dao Lee were awarded the Nobel Prize for their work on parity non-conservation, 3 discovery overturned a fundamental concept in physics. Furthermore, the Yang-Mills theory, 4 (develop) with Robert Mills, is now recognized as a cornerstone of the Standard Model.
Beyond his scientific contributions, Yang was a pivotal figure in 5 (bridge) China and the global scientific community. After returning for 6 landmark visit in 1971, he consistently urged that more overseas scholars 7 (follow) his example, earning him 8 (recognize) as a pioneer in facilitating academic exchanges.
In his later years, Yang devoted himself 9 (whole) to education and research at Tsinghua. His passing marks the conclusion of a century-long life. The university has proposed 10 (establish) a museum in his honor. Yang’s story continues to inspire future generations of scientists worldwide.
C
(湖南省长沙市长郡中学2025-2026学年高三上学期11月月考英语试题)
“Du Fu: China’ s Greatest Poet”, a 58-minute documentary 1 (release) in international media outlets, has attracted worldwide attention. Praised as “China’ s greatest poet”, Du Fu 2 (introduce) to the Western world in documentary form for the first time in 2020.
The documentary uses “the greatest” to describe Du Fu, not only in China, but also in the scope of world literature, 3 (put) him alongside Dante and Shakespeare, and pointing out that there 4 (be) no such figure in the West as Du Fu. It also explores Du Fu 5 visiting modern China, tracing his life and retracing his steps through places like Xi’ an, Chengdu, and Changsha.
The documentary also gives 6 (high) favorable recognition to the long tradition of Chinese poetry, which is earlier than Homer’ s Iliad and The Odyssey, 7 shows that the era when Emperor Xuanzong ruled China in the Tang Dynasty was the brightest era of culture and the most splendid era of poetry. At that time, there was no civilization in the world that possessed such 8 (elegant) and culture as the Chinese civilization.
From 9 Englishman's point of view, historian Michael Wood tries to find traces of Du Fu in a rapidly changing China, where poets have always been seen as the trusted recorders of the people's hearts and the nation's history. “And for the Chinese,Du Fu is more than a poet,” said Wood. “For 10 (generation), he has been the protector of the moral conscience of the nation.”
D
（湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2025-2026学年高三上学期11月月考英语试题）
The artificial intelligence (AI) revolution is often compared to the industrial revolution. One key difference lies in energy 1 (consume). Training a large AI model can use more electricity than 100 homes need in a year. AI systems are growing more and more complex and the energy demands 2 (increase) rapidly.
This situation poses a challenge to global efforts for sustainable development. 3 , researchers are actively seeking solutions. One promising method is to use extra energy from renewable sources. For example, data centers can be programmed 4 (perform) energy-intensive tasks when solar or wind power is most available. This approach helps reduce carbon emissions and enables 5 more efficient use of clean energy.
Another strategy is committed to 6 (design) new AI chips. Scientists are developing the only hardware 7 imitates the human brain’s highly efficient way of processing information. These brain- like chips potentially reduce AI’s energy use by over 90%. Such an achievement would represent a great leap in sustainable computing.
The ultimate goal is to ensure AI’s development matches environmental protection. By combining smart energy management with innovative hardware, we can power the future of AI 8 putting too much pressure on our planet. This balance is 9 (true) important for our shared future. Everyone should realize that a sustainable approach 10 (require) for technological progress.
E
（广东省广州市2025-2026学年高三上学期6校联合期中调研考试英语试题）
With tourists around the world 1 (behave) badly in their pursuit to get the perfect Instagram shot, some destinations and tour 2 (operator) are working to get visitors to go beyond the selfie (自拍).
Selfie culture isn’t new, and neither is “deviant (偏离常规的)behaviour”. But with the rise of “revenge travel” and “the fear of missing out”, overtourism — and selfie culture, a seemingly 3 (link ) consequence — has intensified.
4 efforts from destinations around the world that long for tourists to stop and enjoy the beautiful scenery without 5 (necessary) capturing every second on camera, there are visitors who “go against societal norms (规范)”, exhibiting behaviour that’s “ 6 (disrespect) for the culture”. Whether it’s dressing inappropriately in certain settings, posing in front of memorials 7 engaging in risky photo-taking behaviour, this behaviour can be problematic for both residents and visitors. However, the number of locals 8 object to tourists behaving badly is on the increase, and they’re voicing their concerns with authorities who are starting to take action.
Now policymakers and governments 9 (put) measures in place to restrict travel to certain bucket-list sites. Some are even taking direct measures against photo shoots and selfie-takers.
Some policies can be useful, and education and example-setting is also important, especially as some places may need the 10 (promote) as well as the resulting tourism dollars.
F
（2025届广东省高考毕业班仿真模拟测试（一）英语试题）
On March 30, a “taiji for All” event was held in Brussels, 1 five Belgian Taiji associations took turns to take the stage, leading Belgian people closer to Taiji. After that, the movie Taiji Zhang Sanfeng. 2 (star) Jet Li, Michelle Yeoh and other stars, was shown on the spot.
Taiji, thought of 3 a treasure of traditional Chinese culture, enjoys worldwide reputation for its philosophical ideas like 4 (harmonious) between man and nature and co-existence of all things. In 2020, Taijquan, based on Taiji philosophy and integrating traditional Chinese health-keeping and combat wisdom, 5 (list) in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity
Yu Jiajian, president of the European Taiji Culture Center, performed Yang-style Taiji Saber (刀) on-site. He explained that this set of saber techniques 6 (be) gentle within toughness. Though the movement speed was soft and stable, the movement strength was full of inner power. Fei Shengchao, the Chinese Ambassador to Belgium, who attended 7 event, said that Taiji integrated knowledge and 8 (practice) from multiple fields. Its core ideas had contributed Eastern wisdom to 9 (globe) ecological civilization construction. He hoped the occasion would provide a platform for Belgian Taiji enthusiasts 10 (display) and communicate, enhancing local people’s understanding of Taiji culture.
G
（2025届河北省名校联考高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试题）
Copper cash (铜钱) is the general term of Chinese ancient currency made of copper which turned up in the Qin Dynasty (221 BC — 206 BC), a dynasty leaving 1 (vary) treasures to Chinese people, such as the Great Wall and the Terracotta Army.
The copper coin originated from “huan cash”, a kind of ancient copper coin with ring shape used in the Warring States Period 2 lasted from 475 BC to 221 BC． 3 (general) speaking, most of the copper coins 4 (be) round and there is a square hole in the center of the coin-hence there is another Chinese name called “fangkong cash” (fangkong mean square hole). People can distinguish different kinds of copper coins by the letters 5 (mark) on the coins. These letters always refer to the royal title in different 6 (dynasty), such as “Qianlong Tongbao” and “Yongzheng Tongbao” in the Qing Dynasty (1616 — 1911) .
The earliest copper coin is called “ban liang qian”, or Ban Liang coins, which emerged and began to circulate (流通) in 7 whole country following the foundation of the Qin Dynasty. Ban Liang coins were more material-economical 8 any other coin circulating at that time and the square hole was easier 9 (make). This revealed that people at that time valued efficiency, which could 10 (see) in the wonder of the Terracotta Army as well.
H
（2025届河北省A9联盟联考高三下学期第三次模拟考试英语试题）
Ru porcelain (汝瓷), celebrated for its unique light blue glaze, 1 (prize) during the Song Dynasty (960-1279). Although Ru porcelain once 2 (flood) the market around 1100, it has become extremely rare today. Thanks to the efforts of Ru porcelain inheritors (继承者), people can now appreciate it much closer than before.
Li Chao, born in Ruzhou, Henan Province, has devoted ten years to 3 (perfect) his craft. Creating Ru porcelain involves 72 steps, the first of 4 is kneading (揉) the clay. “Any small error could lead to disaster,” the 41-year-old inheritor said. He then highlighted the critical importance of patience in 5 process. Every item of artwork fully deserves our admiration.
As the techniques for making Ru porcelain face the risk of being lost with the passing of 6 (experience) artisans, Li is committed to preserving and promoting this tradition. He is 7 (active) working to introduce Ru porcelain to a broader audience by integrating it into contemporary daily supplies, particularly 8 (target) younger generations. Li’s ambition extends beyond national 9 (border), aiming to share the beauty and craftsmanship of Ru porcelain 10 the world.
I
（2025届福建省福州第一中学高三最后一模英语试题）
In China, the fairy one is most likely to encounter mid-flight isn’t a mythical winged creature, 1 Mazu, the thousand-year-old goddess. On March 29, two Mazu statues boarded Xiamen Airlines Flight MF881 2 their 28th annual cultural exchange trip to Taiwan, China.
A passenger onboard the Mazu flight described sharing a cabin with the goddess as an unforgettable 3 (spirit) experience. He asked his grandmother for advice before taking a photo of the statues, worried it might be disrespectful to the goddess.
The journey of the Mazu statues symbolizes a millennium-old tradition connecting coastal communities both 4 (domestic) and overseas. Mazu’s Xiamen airline flight was one of many 5 (plan) trips for the goddess this year, as the statues keep a busy travel schedule of “peace patrols,” 6 devotees invite the goddess to tour their surroundings, praying for peace. “Mazu Crossing the Water” is a traditional folk ritual that honors Mazu’s legendary feats — saving her family at sea, and protecting 7 (fisherman) in danger, which, in Fujian province, 8 (pass) down for centuries.
When Mazu statues arrived on April 5, just days after the US announced 9 32 percent tariff on goods from the island, local people expressed confidence that, blessed by Mazu, they could navigate the impact: “ 10 (weather) ancient storms and modern trade headwinds alike, we’ve always believed that open seas bring shared prosperity.”
J
（2025届湖北省武昌区高三下学期5月质量检测英语试题）
A Chinese robotics start-up shares a film of its production facility on its official website, which reportedly 1 (produce) at least 962 humanoid robots so far. In 2 4: 02-minute video, it showcases various stages of the robotic production line at its Lingang Fengxian factory in Shanghai, 3 features self-made humanoid robots working alongside human workers. Moreover, the company has established 4 it calls a “data collection factory” for real-world data gathering, including training scenarios such as folding clothes, organizing, cleaning and doing the laundry.
Industry observer Hong Shaodun notes that humanoid robots have evolved from laboratory prototypes to substaintial products, 5 this year’s robots entering a phase of increased intelligence and versatility (多功能). 6 (compare) with other global competitors, China 7 (position) better to achieve higher output of humanoid robots at lower costs. Meanwhile, Chinese companies excel 8 (particular) in motion control and the exploration of advanced AI models. Hong also mentions the focus for next year in this industry will be on expanding practical applications in specific scenarios. However, the industry insider points out that achieving rapid breakthroughs in a short time remains quite 9 (demand) due to technical hurdles, such as 10 (efficient) and stability issues that need to be addressed.21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)

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