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题型13 完形填空（句组层次题）
题型简介
句组层次题是高考英语完形填空中，考查语言综合应用与上下文逻辑分析能力的中阶题型。该题型要求考生必须依据空格前后，由多个句子构成的局部语段信息，进行综合分析与逻辑推理，方能确定正确答案。
在高考英语完形填空中，句组层次题是衡量学生能否跳出单句局限、把握文本脉络的重要标尺。它并非孤立地考查词汇或语法，而是对学生理解句间逻辑、追踪语义发展、识别情感态度及整合具体信息等核心阅读能力的综合检验。随着高考对语篇理解和逻辑思维能力要求的不断提升，攻克此类题目，对于学生实现从“词句理解”到“语篇把握”的跨越、提升整体解题效率具有承上启下的关键作用，是学生在完形填空部分取得高分必须突破的能力屏障。
该题型主要考查三大方向：根据词语复现关系选词、根据作者情感态度选词以及根据语境暗示选词。
设题类型&解题思路
考向01 根据词语复现选词
此考向的本质是考查语篇的连贯性与衔接能力。作者为了使文章前后连贯，会通过重复使用关键词语或使用其同义词、近义词、上下义词甚至反义词，来建立清晰的语义链条。
核心特征：解题的关键在于“瞻前顾后”，在空格附近的一组句子中主动寻找与选项相关的“熟悉的词”。这种复现关系可能非常直接，也可能是巧妙的语义呼应。
1. 原词/同根词复现
考什么：同一单词或其不同词性形式（如 compete → competition → competitive）在附近句子中直接重复出现。
怎么考：这是最直接的线索。设题人可能把关键名词、动词或形容词的原词藏在前后句中。
怎么解：“火眼金睛”扫描法。快速扫读空格前后1-3个句子，寻找与选项一模一样或同根同源的词。找到了，答案基本就确定了。
2. 同义/近义复现
考什么：用不同的词语表达相同或相近的核心意思。这是最常用、也最灵活的复现方式。
怎么考：作者为了避免重复，会使用同义词、近义词，甚至进行转述。例如，前文说 “overcome difficulties”，后文可能用 “conquer challenges” 来呼应。
怎么解：“翻译官”思维法。不要只看字面，而要理解句子的核心意思。当你锁定一个可能的答案时，问问自己：“这个词填入后，是不是在换种说法表达前面提过的内容？” 是的，就选它。
3. 上下义/整体部分复现
考什么：通过概括与具体、整体与部分的关系来建立联系。例如，上义词animal（动物）和下义词dog（狗）。
怎么考：上下文可能出现一个概括性的词（总述），而空格处需要填入一个具体的词（分述），或反之。也可能涉及整体与其组成部分的关系（如 car 与 engine）。
怎么解：“归类”联想法。看到空格时，思考它可能属于前文提到的哪个大类，或者前文的哪个具体事物可以被它概括。建立起这种逻辑上的包含关系，答案便水落石出。
考向02 根据作者情感态度选词
根据作者（或文中人物）情感态度选词，是完形填空句组层次题中理解文意、把握基调的核心考向。它要求学生超越字面意思，洞察文本的情感倾向与价值取向，并选择与之情感色彩高度一致的词语，确保行文的情感脉络连贯统一。
一、考察形式分析
此考向主要围绕作者或核心人物在特定局部情节或描述段落中的情感态度展开，常见以下两种形式：
情感态度统一型
在连续的几句叙述或描写中，情感基调是稳定且连贯的（如始终是赞扬的、批评的、悲伤的或喜悦的）。题目要求选择一个与这个稳定基调相符的词语。解题关键在于锁定句组中明确的情感“锚点词”（如形容词、副词或带有感彩的动词），并确保所选答案与其褒贬色彩和强度协调一致。
情感态度变化型
情感态度随着情节发展、认知转变或事件转折而发生动态变化（如从“怀疑”到“信任”，从“沮丧”到“振作”）。题目可能将空格设置在情感变化的拐点或结果处。解题关键在于梳理情感变化的逻辑链条，明确空格处在整个变化过程中的准确位置，是变化的原因、表现还是结果。
二、核心解题技巧
攻克此类题目的核心在于，像侦探一样敏锐地识别并分析上下文中所有直接或间接流露情感、态度的线索。
技巧一：精准识别“情感标志词”
这是解题最直接的突破口。你需要快速扫描空格前后的句组，寻找以下四类词语：
直接情感词：直接表达喜怒哀乐等情绪的形容词、副词、动词和名词。例如：joyful, sorrow, admire, despise, unfortunately, with enthusiasm。这些词是判断基调最明确的信号。
评价性词汇：体现好坏、优劣、赞成或反对等价值判断的词。例如：great, terrible, improve, support, oppose。它们间接但清晰地表明了作者或人物的立场。
程度与语气词：修饰情感强弱的词。例如：extremely, slightly, merely, even。它们能帮你判断态度是强烈还是轻微，是强调还是淡化。
隐喻与描写：通过场景、动作、外貌、生理反应等细节间接烘托情感。例如：“a warm smile”（温暖的微笑）暗示友好；“heavy steps”（沉重的脚步）暗示沮丧；“his eyes lit up”（他眼睛一亮）暗示惊喜。这类线索需要结合语境进行合理推断。
技巧二：把握“情感一致性”原则
在大多数情况下，尤其是“情感态度统一型”题目中，局部语境的情感色彩是自洽的。一旦通过“情感标志词”确定了该段落的基调（积极/褒义 或 消极/贬义），所有选项都应服务于强化这一基调。与整体基调明显冲突的选项可以优先排除。
技巧三：梳理“情感发展”逻辑
对于“情感态度变化型”题目，不能孤立地看待空格所在的句子。你需要：
明确起点：变化之前的情感状态是什么？
找到动因：是什么事件、话语或发现引发了变化？（通常由 but, however, because, after 等词引导）
确定终点：变化后的情感状态指向哪里？
将空格代入这个“起因-经过-结果”的逻辑链中，检验它是否能使情感的变化过程通顺、合理。
考向03 根据语境暗示选词
根据语境暗示选词，是完形填空句组层次题中难度最高、也最需要逻辑推理能力的考向。它要求你像侦探一样，分析上下文分散的细节线索，整合信息，最终推断出那个唯一能使情节、逻辑和情感都通顺的词语。
这一考向的核心特征是：正确答案的线索不再集中于某个明显的“关键词”上，而是零散地分布在前后多个句子甚至段落中。出题人主要考查你是否能完成以下整合与推理：
信息整合型：线索以具体事实、行为描述或细节散落在各处，你需要将这些“信息碎片”拼凑起来，才能推断出空格处应有的合理状态或结果。
逻辑推理型：空格处是某个事件的原因、结果或转折点，但上下文没有使用明显的逻辑连接词（如but, so），逻辑关系隐含在叙事中。你需要根据已知情节的发展，推导出最合理的下一步。
情感/态度推导型：作者或人物的情感态度并未直接言明，而是通过对其行为、环境或他人反应的细节描写来间接烘托。你需要通过这些描写，推导出人物此刻应有的心理状态。
解题技巧：三步推导法
面对这类题目，你可以遵循“定位-分析-验证”三步法进行系统推导。
第一步：划定范围，定位线索
精读包含空格的关键句组。不要只看前后一句，而要将分析范围扩大到足以形成一个完整情节或逻辑单元的段落。主动标出所有可能相关的名词（人物、物品、地点）、动词（动作、行为）、形容词（状态、描写）以及暗示逻辑关系的时间、顺序词。
第二步：分析关联，建立逻辑
这是最关键的一步。仔细审视你标记出的所有线索，并问自己以下几个问题：
情节链：这些动作或事件，按什么顺序发生？空格处是其中一环，那么它之前发生了什么？之后又导致了什么？
因果链：是否存在隐含的因果关系？某个细节是不是空格处现象的原因或结果？
情感链：人物的动作、他人的反应、环境的描写，共同指向一种什么样的情绪或态度？
第三步：假设代入，整体验证
根据第二步的分析，形成一个明确的假设（例如，“所以这里应该填一个表示‘失望’的词”），然后带着这个假设去审视选项。将你认为最可能的选项代入后，必须通读整个句组乃至相邻段落，检查它是否使所有线索连贯起来，故事是否通顺、逻辑是否自洽。
考向01 根据词语复现选词
【例1-1】（25-26高三上·重庆八中·月考节选）
…………
Cowboy was 5 the ugliest horse in the world, pigeon-toed and knock-kneed. But I loved him deeply, 6 his faults. I joined a riding club, receiving rude comments about cowboy’s looks while other members rode 7 registered horses. In appearance-judged events, we were quickly “shown the gate.” So, I chose barrel racing.
Becky, who always won blue ribbons, didn’t feel 8 when I competed against her, and I came next to last. Her pride made me determined to 9 her. For a month, I woke up early daily, rode cowboy five miles to the arena, 10 for hours in the hot sun, and walked him home — those five miles feeling twice as long when 11 .
At the next show, I was nervous watching Becky ace the course. When my 12 came, cowboy stumbled at first, but we then 13 through the barrels with perfect precision. To everyone’s surprise, we beat Becky by two seconds!
…………
5．A．barely B．slightly C．undoubtedly D．actually
6．A．ignoring B．forgetting C．improving D．changing
7．A．expensive B．modern C．fortunate D．beautiful
8．A．respected B．threatened C．valued D．favored
9．A．beat B．accept C．deny D．match
10．A．cooperated B．exercised C．practiced D．competed
11．A．depressed B．exhausted C．relieved D．motivated
12．A．fortune B．chance C．joy D．turn
13．A．dashed B．walked C．kicked D．bounced
【答案】5．C 6．A 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．A
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了十三岁的作者在青春期面临身体变化、父母痛苦离婚、搬家等多重挑战时，心爱的小马被卖掉，内心陷入无助与痛苦。父亲为其买了一匹外表丑陋的红色小马Cowboy，作者不顾他人对小马外貌的嘲讽，选择桶赛项目，经过一个月的刻苦训练，最终在比赛中击败强敌Becky的故事。
5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Cowboy无疑是世界上最丑的马，内八字且膝外翻。A. barely几乎不；B. slightly轻微地；C. undoubtedly毫无疑问地；D. actually实际上。根据后文“pigeon-toed and knock-knee”的具体描述可知，这匹马的丑陋是显而易见的，“毫无疑问地”能强调其外貌缺陷，故选C。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我深深地爱着它，忽略了它的缺点。A. ignoring忽略；B. forgetting忘记；C. improving改善；D. changing改变。根据前文“But I loved him deeply”的转折关系可知，作者没有在意它的外貌缺点，而是“忽略”了这些，体现对小马的喜爱，故选A。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我加入了一个骑马俱乐部，当其他成员骑着漂亮的注册马匹时，我却收到了关于Cowboy外貌的粗鲁评论。A. expensive昂贵的；B. modern现代的；C. fortunate幸运的；D. beautiful漂亮的。根据前文“the ugliest horse”及“rude comments about cowboy's looks”可知，其他成员的马与Cowboy形成对比，应是“漂亮的”，故选D。
8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Becky总是赢得蓝丝带，当我和她竞争时，她并不觉得受到威胁，而我得了倒数第二。A. respected受尊重的；B. threatened受威胁的；C. valued受重视的；D. favored受宠爱的。根据前文“Becky, who always won blue ribbons”及后文“I came next to last”可知，Becky认为作者实力不足，没有感受到“威胁”，故选B。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的骄傲让我下定决心要打败她。A. beat打败；B. accept接受；C. deny否认；D. match匹配。根据前文Becky不觉得受威胁及“I came next to last”的挫败经历可知，Becky的骄傲刺激了作者，使其产生“打败”她的决心，故选A。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个月来，我每天早起，骑着Cowboy五英里到竞技场，在烈日下练习几个小时，然后再步行把它带回家——当疲惫不堪时，那五英里感觉加倍漫长。A. cooperated合作；B. exercised锻炼；C. practiced练习；D. competed竞争。根据前文“for a month”和“woke up early daily”的语境可知，作者是在为比赛“练习”，通过刻苦训练提升实力，故选C。
11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个月来，我每天早起，骑着Cowboy五英里到竞技场，在烈日下练习几个小时，然后再步行把它带回家——当疲惫不堪时，那五英里感觉加倍漫长。A. depressed沮丧的；B. exhausted疲惫的；C. relieved欣慰的；D. motivated有动力的。根据前文“rode cowboy five miles”和“for hours in the hot sun”的高强度训练可知，作者会非常“疲惫”，故选B。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：轮到我时，Cowboy起初绊了一下，但之后我们以完美的精准度冲过了桶阵。A. fortune运气；B. chance机会；C. joy快乐；D. turn轮流，次序。根据前文“watching Becky ace the course”可知，比赛是按顺序进行的，此处指“轮到”作者上场，“one's turn”为固定表达，意为“轮到某人”，故选D。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：轮到我时，Cowboy起初绊了一下，但之后我们以完美的精准度冲过了桶阵。A. dashed冲，飞奔；B. walked走；C. kicked踢；D. bounced弹跳。根据前文“barrel racing”的运动特点及后文“perfect precision”、“beat Becky by two seconds”的结果可知，作者和Cowboy是“冲过”桶阵，体现速度与精准，故选A。
【例1-2】（25-26·浙江ZDB联盟·一模节选）
Long before my daughter Carolyn could speak, she would hold my finger as she learned to walk. Whenever her tiny hand was in mine, I would tenderly squeeze it twice and 1 , “I love you.” That became our 2 . She adored this little secret, and the gesture became our special way of 3 . But as Carolyn grew older, I assumed there was no need for little secret 4 anymore.
On the evening of her junior high graduation ceremony, I saw Carolyn sitting 5 waiting for her turn to perform. I wanted to 6 her, but I knew that anything I said would make her feel uncomfortable.
Then I remembered our secret signal………..
1．A．whisper B．shout C．announce D．declare
2．A．habit B．rule C．secret D．story
3．A．competing B．connecting C．exercising D．debating
4．A．signals B．gifts C．promises D．lessons
5．A．calmly B．nervously C．proudly D．lazily
6．A．praise B．surprise C．remind D．comfort
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．D
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者与女儿之间通过一个秘密手势传递爱意的故事，体现了亲情的深厚和持久。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每当她的小手放在我手里时，我都会温柔地捏两下，低声说：“我爱你。”A. whisper低声说；B. shout大喊；C. announce宣布；D. declare宣称。根据前文“Long before my daughter Carolyn could speak”，“Whenever her tiny hand was in mine, I would tenderly squeeze it twice”和下文“I love you.”可知，女儿还小，当她把小手放进作者的手里时，作者总是温柔的捏两下，轻声低语“我爱你”。故选A项。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这成了我们的秘密。A. habit习惯；B. rule规则；C. secret秘密；D. story故事。根据后文“She adored this little secret”可知，捏两下手并说“我爱你”成了作者和女儿之间的秘密。故选C项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她很喜欢这个小秘密，这个手势成了我们之间特殊的联系方式。A. competing竞争；B. connecting联系；C. exercising锻炼；D. debating辩论。根据前文“Whenever her tiny hand was in mine, I would tenderly squeeze it twice and 1 , “I love you.””和“She adored this little secret”可知，这是作者和女儿之间的秘密交流方式，是她们建立联系的特殊方法。故选B项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但随着卡罗琳逐渐长大，我认为不再需要那些小小的秘密暗号了。A. signals信号，暗号；B. gifts礼物；C. promises承诺；D. lessons课程。根据后文“Then I 3 our secret signal.”可知，原词复现，这是作者和女儿之间的暗号。故选A项。
5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在她初中毕业典礼的晚上，我看到卡罗琳紧张地坐着，等待轮到她表演。A. calmly冷静地；B. nervously紧张地；C. proudly自豪地；D. lazily懒惰地。根据后文“waiting for her turn to perform”和常识可推知，等待表演时，卡罗琳应该是紧张的。故选B项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想安慰她，但我知道我说什么都会让她感到不舒服。A. praise表扬；B. surprise使惊讶；C. remind提醒；D. comfort安慰。根据后文“but I knew that anything I said would make her feel uncomfortable”可知，作者想安慰女儿，但怕说错话。故选D项。
【变式1-1】（25-26高三上·江西南昌二中·期中节选）
Once I started working after graduating from Wilfrid Laurier University, I decided to stay in the workforce and go to school part-time. I began my journey as an adult 1 by returning to the Business Administration program at the same university. When I 2 from Laurier, a colleague introduced me to the Certified Employee Benefit Specialist (CEBS) program, which offered a professional credential (凭证) related to my field of 3 .
These days, I keep my industry knowledge 4 through reading industry publications, 5 relative conferences and taking an annual Continuing Education course. From a 6 interest perspective, I’ve taken music lessons and 7 in first aid, gardening and website development.
1． A．designer B．learner C．reporter D．teacher
2．A．graduated B．inferred C．heard D．suffered
3．A．status B．position C．work D．education
4．A．current B．known C．useful D．remarkable
5．A．organizing B．confirming C．recording D．attending
6．A．secret B．common C．unique D．personal
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者毕业后坚持学习，不断提升自己的经历，并阐述了持续学习的重要性和意义。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始了我的成人学习之旅，回到了同一所大学的工商管理专业。A. designer设计师；B. learner学习者；C. reporter记者；D. teacher老师。根据前文“I decided to stay in the workforce and go to school part-time”和后文“by returning to the Business Administration program at the same university”可知，作者回到了同一所大学的工商管理专业，开始了作者作为成人学习者的旅程。故选B。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我从劳里埃大学毕业时，一位同事向我介绍了认证员工福利专家（CEBS）项目，该项目提供与我的工作领域相关的专业凭证。A. graduated毕业；B. inferred推断；C. heard听说；D. suffered遭受。根据后文“from Laurier”以及上文“by returning to the Business Administration program at the same university”提到作者回到大学学习可知，此处指作者从劳里埃大学毕业。故选A。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. status地位；B. position职位；C. work工作；D. education教育。根据上文“Certified Employee Benefit Specialist（CEBS）program, which offered a professional credential”可知，CEBS项目提供的专业凭证与作者的工作领域相关。故选C。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如今，我通过阅读行业出版物、参加相关会议和参加年度继续教育课程来保持我的行业知识更新。A. current当前的，最新的；B. known已知的；C. useful有用的；D. remarkable非凡的。根据后文“through reading industry publications, 5 relative conferences and taking an annual Continuing Education course”可知，作者阅读行业出版物、参加会议等行为的目的是让知识保持最新。故选A。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. organizing组织；B. confirming确认；C. recording记录；D. attending参加。根据后文“relative conferences”可知，此处指作者指参加相关会议，应用attend。故选D。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从个人兴趣的角度来看，我上了音乐课，还上了急救、园艺和网站开发课程。A. secret秘密的；B. common共同的；C. unique独特的；D. personal个人的。根据后文“interest perspective, I’ve taken music lessons and 7　　 in first aid, gardening and website development.”可知，下文列举了音乐课，急救、园艺和网站开发课程，可知是从个人兴趣的角度出发的。故选D。
【变式1-2】（25-26高三上·湖南长沙一中·10月月考）
My first guitar lesson ended in pain, confusion and defeat. But then I was completely 1 . At 10, I felt a deep connection to this mysterious instrument. Since then, guitars have been my life. Through aching fingers, guitars 2 my deep emotions. With practice, the pain 3 and I grew closer to the instrument. The calluses (老茧) on my fingertips became badges (勋章) of honor, filling me with pride. The feelings of playing became second nature, providing temporary excellence. I couldn’t remember how many times I had been 4 to another reality. Picking up a guitar always returns me to that innocent 10-year-old, leaving me calmer and 5 .
1．A．confused B．absorbed C．exhausted D．occupied
2．A．looked around B．turned around C．ran into D．tapped into
3．A．faded B．emerged C．integrated D．increased
4．A．admitted B．pushed C．transported D．exposed
5．A．refreshed B．painful C．cautious D．lonely
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了与吉他的不解之缘，从初学时的痛苦到后来的热爱，吉他成为他表达情感、获得慰藉的媒介。文章还讲述了吉他带给作者的喜悦以及它如何在生活中扮演重要角色，最后点明找到并投身于热爱的事物的重要性。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但后来我完全被吸引住了。A. confused困惑的；B. absorbed专注的，被吸引的；C. exhausted筋疲力尽的；D. occupied忙碌的。根据下文“At 10, I felt a deep connection to this mysterious instrument. Since then, guitars have been my life.”可知，在此之后吉他是作者的生命，因此作者后来被吉他深深吸引，开始热爱吉他。故选B项。
2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：通过疼痛的手指，吉他激发了我内心深处的情感。A. looked around环顾四周；B. turned around转身；C. ran into偶然遇到；D. tapped into利用，挖掘。根据下文“my deep emotions”可知，吉他能够挖掘出作者内心深处的情感，让作者通过弹奏来表达自己的情感。故选D项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着练习，疼痛逐渐消失，我与乐器的距离也越来越近。A. faded逐渐消失；B. emerged出现；C. integrated整合；D. increased增加。根据下文“I grew closer to the instrument”可知，作者与乐器的距离越来越近，说明随着练习，疼痛逐渐消失了。故选A项。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不记得有多少次我被带到了另一个现实。A. admitted承认；B. pushed推；C. transported运送，使身临其境；D. exposed暴露。根据下文“to another reality”以及“Picking up a guitar always returns me to that innocent 10-year-old”可知，拿起吉他总是让作者回到那个天真的10岁，说明弹奏吉他让作者仿佛置身于另一个现实之中，transport sb. to another reality表示“使某人置身于另一个现实之中”。故选C项。
5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拿起吉他总是让我回到那个天真的10岁，让我更平静、更神清气爽。A. refreshed神清气爽的；B. painful痛苦的；C. cautious谨慎的；D. lonely孤独的。根据上文“leaving me calmer”可知，弹奏吉他让作者感到平静，同时也会让作者感到神清气爽。故选A项。
考向02 根据作者情感态度选词
【例2-1】（25-26高三上·贵州贵阳一中·期中节选）
Returning to a book you’ve read many times can feel like drinking with an old friend. There’s a welcome 1 — but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both. 2 , books don’t change, while the readers do. And that’s what makes rereading so rich and 3 .
The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our 4 with the work is based on our current mental state. It’s a relationship of give and take between author and reader, which requires both to pull their own weight.
…………
1．A．warmth B．distance C．curiosity D．familiarity
2．A．Actually B．Consequently C．Fortunately D．Similarly
3．A．conservative B．subjective C．beneficial D．repetitive
4．A．need B．bond C．fight D．deal
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了重读一本书的感觉就像和一位老朋友喝酒一样，虽然书没有改变，但读者已经改变了，这使得重读变得丰富和有益。作者通过自己重读三本书的经历，阐述了重读的意义和价值。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一种令人愉快的熟悉感，但有时也会有点怀疑，时间是否改变了你们俩。A. warmth温暖；B. distance距离；C. curiosity好奇心；D. familiarity熟悉。根据前文“Returning to a book you’ve read many times”和“feel like drinking with an old friend”可推知，重读一本读过很多遍的书，会有一种熟悉感。故选D项。
2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：实际上，书没有改变，而读者却改变了。A. Actually实际上；B. Consequently因此；C. Fortunately幸运地；D. Similarly相似地。根据前文“a slight suspicion that time has changed you both”和后文“books don’t change, while the readers do”可知，后文揭示真相：书没有改变，是读者改变了。用副词actually符合语境。故选A项。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么重读如此丰富和有益。A. conservative保守的；B. subjective主观的；C. beneficial有益的；D. repetitive重复的。根据后文“The beauty of rereading”可推知，重读一本书是美妙的，是有益的。故选C项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：重读的美妙之处在于，我们与作品的联系是基于我们当前的精神状态。A. need需要；B. bond联系；C. fight战斗；D. deal交易。根据后文“It’s a relationship of give and take between author and reader”可知，这里说的是我们与作品的联系。故选B项。
【例2-2】（25-26·浙江·天域全国名校协作体·一模）
I had always loved hip-hop dancing, so when senior year began, I couldn’t wait for what I thought would be another exciting hip-hop class. But my heart 1 when I learned we had a new teacher — Ms. Barton, a strict ballet instructor. On that first day, I 2 in the crowd. While all the other girls wore perfect ballet outfits, I showed up in my 3 hip-hop clothes. My face burned when Ms. Barton made me demonstrate a grand plié (大屈膝), then told the class, “This is exactly how not to do it.” That night, I almost 4 .
But something 5 inside me refused to give up and I kept trying. While Ms. Barton never smiled, I started noticing little nodes of 6 . Then came the shock — she asked me to join a ballet dance for our year-end show!
1．A．beat B．sank C．pumped D．hardened
2．A．came out B．came by C．stood by D．stood out
3．A．worn B．tidy C．baggy D．tight
4．A．complained B．failed C．hesitated D．quit
5．A．stubborn B．humble C．passionate D．sensitive
6．A．dismissal B．approval C．proposal D．withdrawal
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者本爱嘻哈舞，遇严格芭蕾老师后坚持练习，最终获认可，领悟挫折可成成长部分的故事。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当我得知我们有了一位新老师——巴顿女士，一位严格的芭蕾舞教练时，我的心一沉。A. beat跳动；B. sank下沉；C. pumped输送；D. hardened变硬。根据前文“I couldn’t wait for what I thought would be another exciting hip-hop class”及后文“a strict ballet instructor”可知，作者期待嘻哈课却迎来严格芭蕾老师，心情低落，“heart sank”为固定表达，表心情沉重。故选B项。
2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：第一天，我在人群中很突出。A. came out出版；B. came by经过；C. stood by支持；D. stood out突出，显眼。根据后文“While all the other girls wore perfect ballet outfits, I showed up in...”可知，作者穿着与他人不同，在人群中很突出。故选D项。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其他女孩都穿着完美的芭蕾舞服，而我却穿着宽松的嘻哈服。A. worn破旧的；B. tidy整洁的；C. baggy宽松的；D. tight 紧身的。根据后文的“hip-hop clothes”以及常识可知，嘻哈风格服装通常较为宽松，与芭蕾服的紧致形成对比，符合语境。故选C项。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，我几乎要放弃了。A. complained抱怨；B. failed失败；C. hesitated犹豫；D. quit放弃。根据前文“Ms. Barton made me demonstrate a grand plié (大屈膝), then told the class, “This is exactly how not to do it.””可知，作者因表现差被批评，内心受挫，几乎想放弃。故选D项。
5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我内心深处某种固执的东西拒绝放弃，我继续努力。A. stubborn固执的；B. humble谦逊的；C. passionate热情的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据后文“refused to give up and I kept trying”可知，作者坚持不放弃，体现出固执的特质。故选A项。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然巴顿女士从不笑，但我开始注意到一些认可的迹象。A. dismissal解雇；B. approval认可；C. proposal提议；D. withdrawal退出。根据后文“she asked me to join a ballet dance for our year-end show”可知，老师邀请作者参加演出，说明之前已有认可的迹象。故选B项。
【变式2-1】（25-26高三上·四川绵阳&元三维大联考·一诊B卷）
It was New Year’s Eve 2022. For the first time in decades, Eleanor Heginbotham was spending the holiday 1 . Her husband of 62 years, Erland, had died in June.
To 2 her mood, she decided to make some holiday cards and drove to a nearby 3 to drop them off. When she returned to her 4 , though, it wouldn’t start. Her heart 5 .
1．A．regretfully B．restlessly C．alone D．aloud
2．A．match B．lift C．recover D．maintain
3．A．post office B．shopping mall C．supermarket D．bookstore
4．A．car B．station C．seat D．house
5．A．raced B．hurt C．beat D．sank
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述2022年新年前夜，丧偶的Eleanor Heginbotham独自过节时，因汽车无法启动陷入困境，最终在包括Zein在内的多位陌生人主动帮助下成功脱困，这段经历让她对善意有了更深感悟的故事。
1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：几十年来，Eleanor Heginbotham第一次独自过节。A. regretfully遗憾地；B. restlessly不安地；C. alone独自地；D. aloud大声地。根据后文“Her husband of 62 years, Erland, had died in June”可知，丈夫去世她此次过节是“独自”的，“alone”符合“失去伴侣后独自度过节日”的语境。故选C项。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了让心情好起来，她决定做一些节日贺卡，然后开车去附近的邮局投递。A. match匹配；B. lift提升、使好转；C. recover恢复；D. maintain维持。根据后文“she decided to make some holiday cards”可知，丈夫去世后心情低落，制作贺卡并投递是为了“让心情好转”，“lift one’s mood”是固定搭配，意为“改善某人心情”，符合语境。故选B项。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了让心情好起来，她决定做一些节日贺卡，然后开车去附近的邮局投递。A. post office邮局；B. shopping mall购物中心；C. supermarket超市；D. bookstore书店。根据后文“drop them off”以及“she went back inside the post office”可知，开车去附近的邮局投递，“post office”符合场景。故选A项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当她回到车上时，车却发动不起来了。A. car汽车；B. station车站；C. seat座位；D. house房子。前文提到“drove to a nearby...”（开车去附近的……），投递完贺卡后应是回到“车”上，“car”与前文“drove”呼应。故选A项。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的心沉了下去。A. raced疾驰；B. hurt受伤；C. beat跳动；D. sank下沉。根据前文“it wouldn’t start.”可知，她的心沉了下去。故选D项。
【变式2-2】（2025·河北衡水·三模）
I love needles. They 1 various purposes, from crafting colorful patterns to delivering essential medical care.
At the age of 12, I received a pair of small pink knitting needles. “I’m knitting. Would you like me to teach you ” My grandmother would 2 guiding me with infinite patience, gently 3 my small hands in hers. While she cooked, I would take her seat and copy her 4 . Gradually I learned the basics of knitting but I often asked for instruction and worried about spoiling our shared 5 . After my grandmother returned to Peru, I missed the rhythmic clicking of the needles that used to 6 our afternoons together. No matter how far apart we are, I believe we remain 7 through the needles.
1． A．define B．adopt C．enlarge D．serve
2．A．insist on B．subscribe to C．figure out D．pick up
3．A．assigning B．seizing C．enveloping D．stringing
4．A．responses B．wisdom C．commitment D．movements
5．A．project B．conclusion C．reaction D．support
6．A．consume B．expose C．analyse D．accompany
7．A．structured B．secured C．connected D．enhanced
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．D 7．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者对针的特殊情感——从童年时跟着祖母用编织针学编织，到如今关注医用针并将其与未来职业关联，针贯穿作者的成长，成为个人发展的见证。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们有多种用途，从编织彩色图案到提供必要的医疗护理。A. define定义；B. adopt采用；C. enlarge扩大；D. serve满足（需求）、有（用途）。根据后文“from crafting colorful patterns to delivering essential medical care.”可知，针有不同的用途。故选D项。
2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我在织东西，要我教你吗？”祖母会坚持用无限的耐心指导我，轻轻地把我的小手握在她的手里。A. insist on坚持；B. subscribe to赞同；C. figure out弄明白；D. pick up捡起。根据后文“guiding me with infinite patience”，可知祖母“坚持”教导“我”，体现她的耐心和主动，“insist on”符合语境。故选A项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我在织东西，要我教你吗？”祖母会坚持用无限的耐心指导我，轻轻地把我的小手握在她的手里。A. assigning分配；B. seizing抓住（强调用力）；C. enveloping包裹、轻轻握住；D. stringing串联。根据后文“enveloping my small hands in hers”可知，祖母把“我”的小手握在她的手里，体现祖母的温柔，符合语境。故选C项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她做饭时，我就坐在她的位置上，模仿她的动作。A. responses回应；B. wisdom智慧；C. commitment承诺；D. movements动作。根据常识可知，编织需要特定的手部动作，“copy her movements”（模仿她的动作）符合“我”初学编织时的学习方式，贴合实际。故选D项。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我学会了编织的基础，但我经常需要指导，还担心搞砸我们共同的编织活计。A. project项目、（共同做的）活计；B. conclusion结论；C. reaction反应；D. support支持。根据前文“My grandmother would 2 guiding me with infinite patience, gently 3 my small hands in hers.”可知，作者担心搞砸她们共同的编织活。“shared project”此处指“我”和祖母一起进行的编织活，符合“共同参与”的语境。故选A项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：祖母回秘鲁后，我很怀念过去那些下午，针的节奏性咔嗒声陪伴我们度过的时光。A. consume消耗；B. expose暴露；C. analyse分析；D. accompany陪伴。根据前文“I missed the rhythmic clicking of the needles”可知，针的节奏性咔嗒声陪伴我们度过的时光，“accompany”（陪伴）体现声音与时光的关联，符合怀旧语境。故选D项。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：无论我们相距多远，我相信通过针，我们依然紧密相连。A. structured结构化的；B. secured安全的；C. connected相连的；D. enhanced增强的。根据后文“through the needles.”可知，针是作者和祖母共同回忆的载体，象征两人的情感联结，“connected”（相连的）符合“情感纽带”的语境。故选C项。
考向03 根据语境暗示选词
【例3-1】（25-26高三上·河北·名校联考期中）
On the afternoon of June 9 Patterson was on route to pick up a load from a local customer in Tulsa. As he approached the entrance and began to 1 down for his turn, the driver behind him 2 sped up to pass, crashed into another vehicle pulling out of the customer’s parking lot.
Patterson immediately 3 and ran to assist. One car had skidded into a ditch (沟) and was 4 heavily. Inside, the driver was unresponsive and bleeding, with the door 5 . Acting quickly, Patterson forced the door open, 6 the seatbelt, and pulled the driver to safety.
“They were 7 ; there was a little bit of blood and smoke everywhere,” 8 Patterson. “I had to get them out.”
Without 9 , he rushed to the second car stuck in a deep ditch. A French couple was trapped within — their door immovable — so Patterson broke a window, 10 an escape route and pulling them through the passenger side.
1．A．break B．calm C．slow D．get
2．A．frequently B．gradually C．regularly D．suddenly
3．A．pulled over B．jumped off C．stood up D．cried out
4．A．shaking B．smoking C．moving D．burning
5．A．loose B．broken C．jammed D．open
6．A．unfastened B．lengthened C．secured D．adjusted
7．A．found B．rescued C．warned D．trapped
8．A．complained B．explained C．admitted D．declared
9．A．delay B．effort C．reason D．warning
10．A．exhibiting B．noticing C．creating D．preparing
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了退休海军陆战队队员帕特森救助事故伤者的事迹。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他接近入口，开始减速准备转弯时，身后的司机突然加速超车，撞上了另一辆正驶出客户停车场的车辆。A. break打破；B. calm冷静；C. slow放慢；D. get得到。根据上文“approached the entrance”以及下文“for his turn”可知，接近入口准备转弯时需要“减速”，“slow down”为固定搭配，意为“减速”，故选C。
2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他接近入口，开始减速准备转弯时，身后的司机突然加速超车，撞上了另一辆正驶出客户停车场的车辆。A. frequently频繁地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. regularly定期地；D. suddenly突然地。根据下文“sped up to pass, crashed into another vehicle”可知，后车司机的超车和碰撞是突发情况，用“suddenly”体现动作的突发性，故选D。
3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：帕特森立即靠边停车，跑去帮忙。A. pulled over靠边停车；B. jumped off跳下；C. stood up站起来；D. cried out大喊。根据上文帕特森正在驾车，以及下文“ran to assist”可知，他需要先“靠边停车”才能去救援，故选A。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：其中一辆车滑进了沟里，浓烟滚滚。A. shaking摇晃；B. smoking冒烟；C. moving移动；D. burning燃烧。根据下文“there was a little bit of blood and smoke everywhere”可知，事故现场有烟雾，此处指事故车辆在“冒烟”，故选B。
5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：车内，司机没有反应，还在流血，车门卡住了。A. loose松动的；B. broken破碎的；C. jammed卡住的；D. open打开的。根据下文“Acting quickly, Patterson forced the door open”可知，帕特森需要用力把门撬开，说明车门是“卡住的”，故选C。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：帕特森迅速行动，撬开车门，解开安全带，把司机拉到了安全地带。A. unfastened解开；B. lengthened拉长；C. secured固定；D. adjusted调整。根据上文司机被困车内以及下文“pulled the driver to safety”可知，要救出司机需要先“解开”安全带，故选A。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“他们被困住了，到处都是血和烟，”帕特森解释说。A. found发现；B. rescued营救；C. warned警告；D. trapped困住。根据下文“somebody was hurt — and stuck”可知，车内人员是被“困住”了，“stuck”与“trapped”为同义替换，故选D。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“他们被困住了，到处都是血迹和烟雾，”帕特森解释说。A. complained抱怨；B. explained解释；C. admitted承认；D. declared宣布。根据上文““They were 7 ; there was a little bit of blood and smoke everywhere,””可知，帕特森描述事故现场的情况，他是在“解释”当时救人的原因，故选B。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他立刻赶到第二辆被困在深沟里的车旁。A. delay耽搁；B. effort努力；C. reason理由；D. warning警告。根据上文帕特森迅速救援第一辆车的司机，以及下文“rushed to the second car”可知，他没有丝毫“耽搁”，“without delay”为固定搭配，意为“立即，毫不耽搁”，故选A。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一对法国夫妇被困在里面——他们的车门打不开——于是帕特森打破一扇窗户，开辟了一条逃生通道，把他们从副驾驶座拉了出来。A. exhibiting展示；B. noticing注意到；C. creating创造，开辟；D. preparing准备。根据上文“broke a window”以及下文“escape route”可知，打破窗户是为了“开辟”逃生通道，故选C。
【例3-2】（25-26高三上·广东深圳福田·二模）
………
This month, we discussed a novel I had 9 disliked for its slow pace and unreliable narrator. However, as my fellow graduates shared their insights on what made the novel so great, my perspective gradually 10 . Our lively debate unveiled new layers of the story, demonstrating how 11 wisdom can deepen individual understanding.
When the Zoom window closes, I return to my daily responsibilities, but a part of me 12 that intellectual space. This monthly 13 reconnects me not only with literature but also with the curious, analytical self I once was. It reminds me that personal growth never 14 and that shared learning can turn even the most ordinary books into 15 experiences.
9．A．initially B．extremely C．randomly D．instantly
10．A．expanded B．strengthened C．evolved D．shifted
11．A．academic B．personal C．collective D．professional
12．A．sticks to B．engages with C．fades from D．lingers in
13．A．isolation B．assignment C．gathering D．conference
14．A．pauses B．ceases C．sleeps D．escapes
15．A．remarkable B．common C．dull D．modest
【答案】8．D 9．A 10．D 11．C 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了作者是一位忙碌的全职母亲，很少有时间追寻自己热爱的文学，后来她参加了在线读书俱乐部，这让她有了非凡的体验的故事。
9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这个月，我们讨论了一本我最初不喜欢的小说，因为它的节奏慢和叙述者不可靠。A. initially起初；B. extremely极其；C. randomly随机地；D. instantly立刻，马上。根据下文“disliked for its slow pace and unreliable narrator. However, as my fellow graduates shared their insights on what made the novel so great”可知，前后存在转折关系，说明一开始作者不喜欢它。故选A。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我的毕业生同胞们分享他们关于这部小说为何如此伟大的见解时，我的观点逐渐发生了转变。A. expanded扩大；B. strengthened巩固；C. evolved逐渐形成；D. shifted改变。根据前文“as my fellow graduates shared their insights on what made the novel so great”可知，随着大家交流看法，作者对这部小说的看法发生了变化。故选D。
11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们热烈的讨论揭开了故事的新层次，展示了集体智慧是如何加深个人理解的。A. academic学术的；B. personal个人的；C. collective集体的；D. professional职业的。根据前文“Our lively debate unveiled new layers of the story”可知，大家的讨论解锁了这个故事的新内涵，这是集体的智慧。故选C。
12．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当Zoom视频会议窗口关闭时，我会回到我的日常职责中，但我的一部分仍停留在那个知识空间里。A. sticks to坚持；B. engages with与……建立密切关系；C. fades from从……消失；D. lingers in继续存留在，徘徊在……。but前“I return to my daily responsibilities”说读书会结束后作者回到日常，后面表示转折，说明她其实还有一部分心思停留在读书会那里。故选D。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个每月一次的聚会不仅让我与文学重新联系起来，也让我与曾经好奇、善于分析的自我重新联系起来。A. isolation隔离，孤独；B. assignment任务；C. gathering集会，聚会；D. conference会议。根据“This monthly”和上文“This month, we discussed a novel…”可知，作者他们的读书会是每月在线相聚。故选C。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它提醒我，个人成长永远不会停止，共享学习甚至可以把最普通的书变成非凡的体验。A. pauses暂停；B. ceases停止，结束；C. sleeps睡觉；D. escapes逃跑。根据前文“personal growth never”可知，个人的成长永不停止。故选B。
15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它提醒我，个人成长永远不会停止，共享学习甚至可以把最普通的书变成非凡的体验。A. remarkable非凡的；B. common共同的；C. dull枯燥无味的；D. modest谦虚的。根据上文“turn even the most ordinary books into”可知，这里与ordinary形成对比，表示非凡的体验。故选A。
【变式3-1】（2025·浙江杭州上城&等5地·一模）
As I continue to scan the water, I see 7 : a soft ripple. Then, just a few metres away, two eyes break the surface as a huge head rises ever so slightly out of the water. The silent beast 8 me. I feel my heart racing. I take a few steps to the left; the crocodile silently follows. Then a few to the right; and again, it 9 me. I’m a dot on its radar. A possibility. A chance. I can’t help but feel awe for this ancient hunter as it remains motionless, waiting for me to make a 10 , to take one step too many. It has almost endless 11 .
7．A．effect B．conflict C．wonder D．movement
8．A．jumps at B．locks onto C．counts on D．runs into
9．A．eyes B．tricks C．tracks D．freezes
10．A．deal B．decision C．mistake D．comeback
11．A．greed B．energy C．power D．patience
【答案】7．D 8．B 9．C 10．C 11．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在澳大利亚卡卡杜国家公园与咸水鳄对峙时，既感受到这种远古猎杀者的致命威胁，又惊叹于其历经9500万年未变的完美演化，反思了自然界中“无需改变即最佳”的生存智慧。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我继续扫视水面时，我看到了动静：一道柔和的涟漪。A. effect效果；B. conflict冲突；C. wonder奇迹；D. movement移动。根据下文“a soft ripple”可知，水面泛起了涟漪，因此作者是看到了动静。故选D。
8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：沉默的野兽锁定了我。A. jumps at扑向；B. locks onto锁定；C. counts on依赖；D. runs into偶然遇到。根据上文“Then, just a few metres away, two eyes break the surface as a huge head rises ever so slightly out of the water.”可知，咸水鳄的两只眼睛露出水面，一个巨大的头微微露出水面，此时它锁定了作者。故选B。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：再往右走几步，它再次追踪我。A. eyes注视；B. tricks欺骗；C. tracks追踪；D. freezes冻结。根据上文“I take a few steps to the left; the crocodile silently follows. Then a few to the right; and again”可知，咸水鳄跟着作者移动，因此是指再次追踪作者。故选C。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不禁对这个古老的猎人感到敬畏，因为它一动不动，等着我犯错，等着我多走一步。A. deal交易；B. decision决定；C. mistake错误；D. comeback复出。根据下文“to take one step too many”可知，咸水鳄等着作者多走一步，等着作者犯错，从而伺机发起攻击。故选C。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的耐心几乎无限。A. greed贪婪；B. energy能量；C. power力量；D. patience耐心。根据上文“it remains motionless, waiting for me to make a..., to take one step too many”可知，咸水鳄一动不动，等着作者多走一步，显示出它有无限的耐心。故选D。
【变式3-2】（25-26·广东广州天河·一模）
We’re often conditioned to 12 what we’re taught to want, prioritizing external guidelines for happiness. However, these external constructs of fulfillment often 13 to match what you do want and what actually makes you happy. 14 your own desires is an internal process that only you have access to. Trusting your own wanting is the path back to your true self, and your power, which ultimately leads to genuine 15 .
12．A．learn B．miss C．practice D．seek
13．A．have B．continue C．happen D．appear
14．A．Discovering B．Expressing C．Balancing D．Questioning
15．A．wisdom B．admiration C．happiness D．success
【答案】12．D 13．D 14．A 15．C
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述作者接到领域内人人向往的工作机会，虽内心抗拒仍先答应，后因不适沟通却被说服，最终转变思路关注自身需求，领悟不应盲从外界期待，要信任内心渴望才能找回自我、获得真正满足。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们往往会被灌输一些观念，从而形成一种习惯，即去追求那些被教导要追求的东西，从而将外在的准则视为获取幸福的首要条件。A. learn学习；B. miss错过；C. practice练习；D. seek寻找，追求。根据后文“what we’re taught to want”可知，我们去追求那些被教导要追求的东西，故选D。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，这些外在的满足感的体现形式往往似乎与你真正想要的东西以及真正能让你感到快乐的东西相吻合。A. have有、不得不；B. continue继续；C. happen发生、碰巧；D. appear似乎，出现。根据后文“to match what you do want and what actually makes you happy”可知，这些外在的满足感的体现形式往往似乎与你真正想要的东西以及真正能让你感到快乐的东西相吻合。故选D。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：发现自己的内心渴望是一个属于你个人的内在过程，只有你自己能够理解并知晓。A. Discovering发现；B. Expressing表达；C. Balancing平衡；D. Questioning质疑。根据后文“your own desires is an internal process”可知，发现自己的内心渴望是一个属于你个人的内在过程，故选A。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：相信自己的内心所渴望的东西，是回归真实自我的道路，也是恢复自身力量的途径，而最终这将带来真正的幸福。A. wisdom智慧；B. admiration欣赏；C. happiness幸福；D. success成功。根据上文“Trusting your own wanting is the path back to your true self, and your power, which ultimately leads to”可知，相信自己的内心所渴望的东西，是回归真实自我的道路，也是恢复自身力量的途径，而最终这将带来真正的幸福。故选C。
专题01 高考真题练
A
（2024·浙江·1月首考）
While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful 1 with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man 2 me on the train. My 3 friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the 4 to practice my Chinese.
Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had 5 a two-year professional school to quickly find a job 6 highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most 7 , however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would 8 a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American 9 as a whole. ”And what do you all learn about Russian authors ” I 10 him asking at one point.
It would have been easy to 11 my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, 12 , and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he 13 me just how much one can gain from 14 with an open mind, and a willingness to 15 with locals from all walks of life.
1．A．experiment B．encounter C．competition D．appointment
2．A．treated B．saved C．lectured D．approached
3．A．true B．so-called C．new D．long-lost
4．A．chance B．advice C．trouble D．right
5．A．visited B．financed C．attended D．founded
6．A．building B．sweeping C．checking D．guarding
7．A．typical B．obvious C．natural D．remarkable
8．A．publish B．quote C．сорy D．download
9．A．writers B．historians C．workers D．students
10．A．anticipate B．imagine C．recall D．catch
11．A．look into B．rely on C．go over D．deal with
12．A．well-behaved B．multi-skilled C．warm-hearted D．self-educated
13．A．asked B．warned C．showed D．promised
14．A．traveling B．reading C．searching D．teaching
15． A．cooperate B．side C．negotiate D．engage
【答案】
1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．C 14．A 15．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次在火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子，在交谈中发现，年轻人见多识广、自学成才，是一个令人钦佩的人。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在中国西北部的塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘坐了20个小时的火车时，其间我与一个当地人有了一种谦卑、有教育意义的，最重要的是，美妙的邂逅，这是所有旅行者都渴望的。A. experiment实验；B. encounter邂逅；C. competition比赛；D. appointment任命。根据后文“with a local that all travelers long for”指作者和当地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。故选B。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。A. treated对待；B. saved拯救；C. lectured演讲；D. approached靠近。根据后文“me on the train”以及后文两人交谈，可知一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向作者走来。故选D。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A. true真的；B. so-called所谓的；C. new新的；D. long-lost很久不见的。根据上文“A young Chinese man”可知，两人是在火车上认识的，所以是新朋友。故选C。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A. chance机会；B. advice建议；C. trouble麻烦；D. right权利。根据后文“to practice my Chinese”可知，作者抓住这个机会练习中文。故选A。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. visited拜访；B. financed提供资金；C. attended参加，上(学)；D. founded成立。根据后文“a two-year professional school”可知，指这个年轻人去上了一个为期两年的专业学校。故选C。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. building修建；B. sweeping打扫；C. checking检查；D. guarding守卫。根据后文“highways in order to help support his family”可知，年轻人修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。故选A。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，也许最值得注意的是这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习。A. typical典型的；B. obvious显然的；C. natural自然的；D. remarkable引人注目的。根据后文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.”可知，这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习，这是最值得注意的品质。故选D。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. publish出版；B. quote引用；C. copy复制；D. download下载。根据后文“a translated Emerson passage”指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，故选B。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译过的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. writers作者；B. historians历史学家；C. workers工人；D. students学生。根据上文“a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American”以及后文“And what do you all learn about Russian authors (你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？)”可知，年轻人对美国和俄罗斯的作家感兴趣。故选A。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？”我记得他曾经问过。A. anticipate预期；B. imagine想象；C. recall记起；D. catch抓住。根据后文“him asking at one point”可知，作者在回忆年轻人提过的问题。故选C。
11．考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者，我很容易凭空想象。A. look into调查；B. rely on依靠；C. go over复习；D. deal with处理。根据后文“my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home”可知，年轻人从来没有离开过离家几百英里的地方，因此作者很容易依靠自己的假设对他进行判断。故选B。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这位见多识广、自学成才、令人钦佩的人阻止了我这么做。A. well-behaved行为端正的；B. multi-skilled多技能的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. self-educated自学的。呼应上文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.(这个人每天在繁重的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习)”，指这个年轻人的自学能力。故选D。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. asked询问；B. warned警告；C. showed展示；D. promised承诺。根据后文“me just how much one can gain from”指年轻人通过自己向作者展示了一个人可以从开放的心态和愿意与各行各业的当地人交往中获得多少收获。故选C。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. traveling旅行；B. reading阅读；C. searching搜索；D. teaching教学。根据后文“with an open mind, and a willingness to”结合作者当时在乘火车旅行，所以是指带着开放的心态旅行，故选A。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. cooperate合作；B. side边；C. negotiate协商；D. engage参与。根据后文“with locals from all walks of life”指和各行各业的当地人打交道，应用短语engage with表示“与……接触”。故选D。
B
（2025·浙江·1月首考）
Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s 1 . A few months ago, the 30-year-old teacher decided it was time to put her 2 to good use. She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes 3 into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties.
Ribeiro 4 ?35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours. For Ribeiro, it has become a perfect platform for 5 her hobby of buying food, 6 new recipes and holding dinner parties.
“It’s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to 7 new people,” said Ribeiro. Sometimes she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes 8 her native home; other times she 9 dinner courses with her favorite beers.
The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom, as 10 to a restaurant where the service is 11 , the menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected to be no 12 .
“But it’s also a great 13 , for it can sometimes take days to 14 a single event,” Ribeiro said. “This platform is not only 15 for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences.”
1．A．reading B．traveling C．cooking D．teaching
2．A．hobby B．energy C．education D．money
3．A．coworkers B．students C．relatives D．strangers
4．A．pays B．charges C．owes D．raises
5．A．pursuing B．choosing C．discussing D．changing
6．A．passing on B．trying out C．going over D．taking down
7．A．hire B．help C．meet D．train
8．A．in addition to B．in return for C．in honor of D．in line with
9．A．replaces B．tastes C．orders D．pairs
10．A．opposed B．related C．subject D．vital
11．A．invaluable B．impersonal C．unsuitable D．unprofessional
12．A．surprise B．end C．need D．problem
13．A．lesson B．pleasure C．success D．challenge
14．A．celebrate B．record C．attend D．organise
15．A．selected B．reserved C．evaluated D．requested
【答案】
1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．C 9．D 10．A 11．B 12．A 13．D 14．D 15．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Manuela Ribeiro将自己的烹饪爱好发展成副业，通过在Bookalokal网站上提供晚餐聚会服务，与陌生人分享美食并结交新朋友的故事。
1．考查名词词义辨析：句意：Manuela Ribeiro有一种健康的癖好。那就是烹饪。A. reading阅读；B. traveling旅行；C. cooking烹饪；D. teaching教学。根据下文“She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes 　　3　　　 into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties”可知，她现在在Bookalokal网站上提供晚餐聚会服务，由此推知她的嗜好是烹饪。故选C。
2．考查名词词义辨析：句意：几个月前，这位30岁的老师决定是时候好好利用她的爱好了。A. hobby爱好；B. energy精力；C. education教育；D. money钱。根据上文“Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s 1 .”可知，她的爱好是烹饪，此处指好好利用她的烹饪爱好。故选A。
3．考查名词词义辨析：句意：她在Bookalokal 网站上注册了，现在每周两次欢迎陌生人到她布鲁塞尔的公寓来参加晚宴。A. coworkers同事；B. students学生；C. relatives亲戚；D. strangers陌生人。根据下文“It’s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to 　　7 　　 new people”可知，这是一个分享她对食物的热爱和结识新朋友的好机会，由此推知她欢迎陌生人到她的公寓参加晚宴。故选D。
4．考查动词词义辨析：句意：对于通常一顿可能持续长达三个小时的三道菜的晚餐，Ribeiro向每人收取35欧元。A. pays支付；B. charges收费；C. owes欠；D. raises提高，筹集。根据下文“?35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal”可知，这是Manuela Ribeiro为客人提供的晚餐的收费标准，即每人收费35欧元。故选B。
5．考查动词词义辨析：句意：对Ribeiro来说，这已经成为她追求购买食材、尝试新食谱以及举办晚宴这些爱好的一个完美平台。A. pursuing追求；B. choosing选择；C. discussing讨论；D. changing改变。根据上文“Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s 1 .”可知，Manuela Ribeiro热爱烹饪，所以此处想表达的是“追求她购买食材的爱好”。故选A。
6．考查动词短语辨析：句意：对Ribeiro来说，这已经成为她追求购买食材、尝试新食谱以及举办晚宴这些爱好的一个完美平台。A. passing on传递；B. trying out尝试；C. going over复习；D. taking down记下。根据下文“new recipes”可知，此处表示尝试新食谱。故选B。
7．考查动词词义辨析：句意：“这是一个分享我对食物的热情以及结识新朋友的好机会。” Ribeiro说。A. hire雇佣；B. help帮助；C. meet遇见，结识；D. train训练。根据下文“This platform is not only 　　15　　for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences.”可知，这个平台不仅适合专业厨师，也适合那些愿意探索新体验的人，由此可推测出Manuela Ribeiro通过这个平台可以认识新朋友。故选C。
8．考查介词短语辨析。句意：有时她准备传统的巴西菜肴，以纪念她的祖国；有时她会用她最喜欢的啤酒搭配晚餐。A. in addition to除……外（还）；B. in return for作为……的回报；C. in honor of为了纪念；D. in line with符合。根据下文“her native home”以及语境可知，为了纪念她的祖国，Ribeiro会准备传统的巴西菜肴。故选C。
9．考查动词词义辨析：句意：有时她会按照她的家乡巴西的传统准备传统的巴西菜肴；有时她会把晚餐菜肴和她最喜欢的啤酒搭配起来。A. replaces代替；B. tastes品尝；C. orders订购；D. pairs配对，搭配。根据下文“dinner courses with her favorite beers”可知，此处表示用Ribeiro最喜欢的啤酒搭配晚餐。故选D。
10．考查形容词词义辨析：句意：这个平台让Ribeiro能够非常自由地实现她的梦想，与餐馆形成对比，在餐馆里服务是没有人情味的，菜单是提前知道的，而且人们期望用餐过程中没有惊喜。A. opposed相反的，对立的；B. related相关的；C. subject受…… 支配的；D. vital至关重要的。根据下文“to a restaurant where the service is”可知，此处是将在平台上做饭和开餐厅进行对比，表示两者是相反的。故选A。
11．考查形容词词义辨析：句意：这个平台让Ribeiro能够非常自由地实现她的梦想，与餐馆形成对比，在餐馆里服务是没有人情味的，菜单是提前知道的，而且人们期望用餐过程中没有惊喜。A. invaluable无价的；B. impersonal没有人情味的；C. unsuitable不合适的；D. unprofessional不专业的。根据下文“the menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected to be no 　　12　　”可知，菜单是提前知道的，而且饭菜没有什么惊喜，说明餐厅的服务是没有人情味的。故选B。
12．考查名词词义辨析：句意：这个平台让Ribeiro能够非常自由地实现她的梦想，与餐馆形成对比，在餐馆里服务是没有人情味的，菜单是提前知道的，而且人们期望用餐过程中没有惊喜。A. surprise惊喜；B. end结束；C. need需要；D. problem问题。根据上文“the menu is known in advance”可知，菜单是提前知道的，由此推知饭菜没有什么惊喜。故选A。
13．考查名词词义辨析：句意：“但这也是一个很大的挑战，因为有时组织一场活动可能需要好几天的时间。” Ribeiro说。A. lesson教训；B. pleasure快乐；C. success成功；D. challenge挑战。根据下文“it can sometimes take days to 　　14　　 a single event”可知，有时组织一个活动可能需要几天的时间，这是一件具有挑战性的事情。故选D。
14．考查动词词义辨析：句意：“但这也是一个很大的挑战，因为有时组织一场活动可能需要好几天的时间。” Ribeiro说。A. celebrate庆祝；B. record记录；C. attend参加；D. organise组织。根据下文“a single event”可知，此处指组织一个活动。故选D。
15．考查动词词义辨析：句意：“这个平台不仅是为专业厨师保留的，也是为那些愿意发现新体验的人准备的。”A. selected选择；B. reserved保留；C. evaluated评估；D. requested请求。根据下文“for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences”可知，这个平台不仅为专业厨师保留，而且也为那些愿意发现新体验的人保留，应用be reserved for。故选B。
C
（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·高考）
I’ve been motivated — and demotivated — by other folks’ achievements all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend 1 a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running 2 , but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was 3 for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles. To be honest, I 4 it! Between the girl making my 5 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only 6 I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
So I 7 cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I 8 of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I 9 her bike and went for a ride. The 10 : the roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such 11 . That day, I got 12 by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as 13 .
I’ve 14 a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever 15 I set for myself, they just have to be my own.
1．A．knew B．held C．won D．quit
2．A．regularly B．silently C．proudly D．recently
3．A．asking B．looking C．waiting D．training
4．A．made B．believed C．hated D．deserved
5．A．advantage B．achievement C．contribution D．influence
6．A．way B．risk C．place D．reason
7．A．gave up B．went on C．turned to D．dealt with
8．A．heard B．dreamed C．complained D．approved
9．A．painted B．borrowed C．bought D．parked
10．A．problem B．secret C．principle D．advice
11．A．dangers B．events C．opponents D．challenges
12．A．passed B．convinced C．admired D．stopped
13．A．reliable B．convenient C．familiar D．appealing
14．A．traveled B．matured C．missed D．worried
15． A．limits B．dates C．goals D．tests
【答案】
1．C 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．A 11．D 12．A 13．D 14．B 15．C
【来源】2024年新课标Ⅰ卷英语真题（含听力）
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。它详细叙述了作者在不同阶段对不同运动（跑步和骑自行车）的兴趣和经历，并通过这些经历反映了作者的成长和心理变化。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我十几岁的时候，一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。A. knew知道；B. held抓住；C. won赢得；D. quit退出。根据后文“Feeling motivated”可知，作者有了动力，所以此处应是一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。故选C项。
2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：有了动力，我开始定期跑步，但后来发生了两件事。A. regularly有规律地；B. silently默默地；C. proudly自豪地；D. recently最近。根据前文“Feeling motivated” 可知，作者有了动力，所以应是定期跑步，符合语境。故选A项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，有一天我遇到的一个女孩告诉我，她正在为“超级”马拉松训练，指的是52.4英里的双马拉松。A. asking要求；B. looking看；C. waiting等待；D. training训练。根据后文“referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon”可知，女孩要跑双马拉松，所以此处应是为之训练，符合语境。故选D项。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：说实话，我讨厌它!A. made制作；B. believed相信；C. hated讨厌；D. deserved值得。根据前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“Between the girl making my 5 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles和女孩一比微不足道，所以是讨厌这个成绩。故选C项。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我! A. advantage优势；B. achievement成就；C. contribution贡献；D. influence影响。根据前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“seem small”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles，而女孩在为52.4 miles做训练，所以应是作者的成就微不足道。故选B项。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我!A. way方式；B. risk风险；C. place地方；D. reason理由。根据后文“I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知，有一只大狗在追“我”，“我”才会再跑步，这里说的是跑步的原因。故选D项。
7．考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我开始骑自行车。A. gave up放弃；B. went on继续；C. turned to转向；D. dealt with处理。根据前文“I decided that the only 6 I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知，作者决定放弃跑步，所以此处应是转向骑自行车。故选C项。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我梦想着参加自行车比赛，直到我飞到圣地亚哥去看我妹妹。A. heard听到；B. dreamed梦想；C. complained抱怨；D. approved批准。根据后文“of entering cycle races”结合选项可知，此处应是作者梦想着参加自行车比赛，符合语境。故选B项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天她上班的时候，我借了她的自行车去兜风。A. painted把……描绘成；B. borrowed借；C. bought买；D. parked停(车)。根据前文“I flew to San Diego to visit my sister”以及后文“went for a ride”可知，作者去看妹妹，所以要去骑行的话，应是向妹妹借自行车。故选B项。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是：那里的道路穿过很大的山谷，我一次要骑上坡好几英里。A. problem问题；B. secret秘密；C. principle原则；D. advice建议。根据后文“I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such 11 .”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说，是一个问题。故选A项。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有遇到过这样的挑战。A. dangers危险；B. events事件；C. opponents对手；D. challenges挑战。根据前文“The 10 : the roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time.”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说是一个挑战。故选D项。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：。那天，我被大约100个习惯了这种道路的“当地”骑自行车的人超过了。A. passed超过；B. convinced说服；C. admired欣赏；D. stopped阻止。根据前文“I’d never faced such 11 .”可知，作者骑上坡好几英里是个挑战，所以是被很多人超过。故选A项。
13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我回到家，突然骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。A. reliable可信赖的；B. convenient方便的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. appealing吸引人的。根据前文“That day, I got 　　12　　by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads.”可知，作者那天骑行被100多人超过，所以此时是觉得骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。故选D项。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后我成熟了很多。A. traveled旅行；B. matured (情感和认识)成熟；C. missed思念；D. worried担心。根据后文“I’ve come to accept that whatever 　　15　　 I set for myself, they just have to be my own.”可知，作者不再轻易放弃，所以是成熟了很多。故选B项。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经开始接受这样一个事实：无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的。A. limits限制；B. dates日期；C. goals目标；D. tests测试。根据后文“I set for myself, they just have to be my own.”可知，此处应是“无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的目标”，符合语境。故选C项。
专题02 优秀模拟题
A
（25-26·湖南永州·一模）
My six-year-old son, Callum, is on the autism spectrum (自闭症). Sometimes, 1 tasks like ordering meals can be overwhelming for him. He gets uneasy, especially when things don’t 2 as expected. That day, his favorite Happy Meal toy was lost.
That’s when the cashier of McDonald’s, whose name tag 3 “Nia”, stepped in. She 4 down and gently asked with a warm smile, “Do you like dinosaurs ” He shook his head. Then, as if by magic, she 5 a basket of toys. “You can pick whichever one,” she said softly.
He reached for a race car, but that wasn’t the 6 of it. Nia stepped out from behind the 7 , and played cars with him. I 8 she’d have to get back to work quickly, but she didn’t.
Watching her interact with my son filled me with 9 . You know how employees are so题型13 完形填空（句组层次题）
题型简介
句组层次题是高考英语完形填空中，考查语言综合应用与上下文逻辑分析能力的中阶题型。该题型要求考生必须依据空格前后，由多个句子构成的局部语段信息，进行综合分析与逻辑推理，方能确定正确答案。
在高考英语完形填空中，句组层次题是衡量学生能否跳出单句局限、把握文本脉络的重要标尺。它并非孤立地考查词汇或语法，而是对学生理解句间逻辑、追踪语义发展、识别情感态度及整合具体信息等核心阅读能力的综合检验。随着高考对语篇理解和逻辑思维能力要求的不断提升，攻克此类题目，对于学生实现从“词句理解”到“语篇把握”的跨越、提升整体解题效率具有承上启下的关键作用，是学生在完形填空部分取得高分必须突破的能力屏障。
该题型主要考查三大方向：根据词语复现关系选词、根据作者情感态度选词以及根据语境暗示选词。
设题类型&解题思路
考向01 根据词语复现选词
此考向的本质是考查语篇的连贯性与衔接能力。作者为了使文章前后连贯，会通过重复使用关键词语或使用其同义词、近义词、上下义词甚至反义词，来建立清晰的语义链条。
核心特征：解题的关键在于“瞻前顾后”，在空格附近的一组句子中主动寻找与选项相关的“熟悉的词”。这种复现关系可能非常直接，也可能是巧妙的语义呼应。
1. 原词/同根词复现
考什么：同一单词或其不同词性形式（如 compete → competition → competitive）在附近句子中直接重复出现。
怎么考：这是最直接的线索。设题人可能把关键名词、动词或形容词的原词藏在前后句中。
怎么解：“火眼金睛”扫描法。快速扫读空格前后1-3个句子，寻找与选项一模一样或同根同源的词。找到了，答案基本就确定了。
2. 同义/近义复现
考什么：用不同的词语表达相同或相近的核心意思。这是最常用、也最灵活的复现方式。
怎么考：作者为了避免重复，会使用同义词、近义词，甚至进行转述。例如，前文说 “overcome difficulties”，后文可能用 “conquer challenges” 来呼应。
怎么解：“翻译官”思维法。不要只看字面，而要理解句子的核心意思。当你锁定一个可能的答案时，问问自己：“这个词填入后，是不是在换种说法表达前面提过的内容？” 是的，就选它。
3. 上下义/整体部分复现
考什么：通过概括与具体、整体与部分的关系来建立联系。例如，上义词animal（动物）和下义词dog（狗）。
怎么考：上下文可能出现一个概括性的词（总述），而空格处需要填入一个具体的词（分述），或反之。也可能涉及整体与其组成部分的关系（如 car 与 engine）。
怎么解：“归类”联想法。看到空格时，思考它可能属于前文提到的哪个大类，或者前文的哪个具体事物可以被它概括。建立起这种逻辑上的包含关系，答案便水落石出。
考向02 根据作者情感态度选词
根据作者（或文中人物）情感态度选词，是完形填空句组层次题中理解文意、把握基调的核心考向。它要求学生超越字面意思，洞察文本的情感倾向与价值取向，并选择与之情感色彩高度一致的词语，确保行文的情感脉络连贯统一。
一、考察形式分析
此考向主要围绕作者或核心人物在特定局部情节或描述段落中的情感态度展开，常见以下两种形式：
情感态度统一型
在连续的几句叙述或描写中，情感基调是稳定且连贯的（如始终是赞扬的、批评的、悲伤的或喜悦的）。题目要求选择一个与这个稳定基调相符的词语。解题关键在于锁定句组中明确的情感“锚点词”（如形容词、副词或带有感彩的动词），并确保所选答案与其褒贬色彩和强度协调一致。
情感态度变化型
情感态度随着情节发展、认知转变或事件转折而发生动态变化（如从“怀疑”到“信任”，从“沮丧”到“振作”）。题目可能将空格设置在情感变化的拐点或结果处。解题关键在于梳理情感变化的逻辑链条，明确空格处在整个变化过程中的准确位置，是变化的原因、表现还是结果。
二、核心解题技巧
攻克此类题目的核心在于，像侦探一样敏锐地识别并分析上下文中所有直接或间接流露情感、态度的线索。
技巧一：精准识别“情感标志词”
这是解题最直接的突破口。你需要快速扫描空格前后的句组，寻找以下四类词语：
直接情感词：直接表达喜怒哀乐等情绪的形容词、副词、动词和名词。例如：joyful, sorrow, admire, despise, unfortunately, with enthusiasm。这些词是判断基调最明确的信号。
评价性词汇：体现好坏、优劣、赞成或反对等价值判断的词。例如：great, terrible, improve, support, oppose。它们间接但清晰地表明了作者或人物的立场。
程度与语气词：修饰情感强弱的词。例如：extremely, slightly, merely, even。它们能帮你判断态度是强烈还是轻微，是强调还是淡化。
隐喻与描写：通过场景、动作、外貌、生理反应等细节间接烘托情感。例如：“a warm smile”（温暖的微笑）暗示友好；“heavy steps”（沉重的脚步）暗示沮丧；“his eyes lit up”（他眼睛一亮）暗示惊喜。这类线索需要结合语境进行合理推断。
技巧二：把握“情感一致性”原则
在大多数情况下，尤其是“情感态度统一型”题目中，局部语境的情感色彩是自洽的。一旦通过“情感标志词”确定了该段落的基调（积极/褒义 或 消极/贬义），所有选项都应服务于强化这一基调。与整体基调明显冲突的选项可以优先排除。
技巧三：梳理“情感发展”逻辑
对于“情感态度变化型”题目，不能孤立地看待空格所在的句子。你需要：
明确起点：变化之前的情感状态是什么？
找到动因：是什么事件、话语或发现引发了变化？（通常由 but, however, because, after 等词引导）
确定终点：变化后的情感状态指向哪里？
将空格代入这个“起因-经过-结果”的逻辑链中，检验它是否能使情感的变化过程通顺、合理。
考向03 根据语境暗示选词
根据语境暗示选词，是完形填空句组层次题中难度最高、也最需要逻辑推理能力的考向。它要求你像侦探一样，分析上下文分散的细节线索，整合信息，最终推断出那个唯一能使情节、逻辑和情感都通顺的词语。
这一考向的核心特征是：正确答案的线索不再集中于某个明显的“关键词”上，而是零散地分布在前后多个句子甚至段落中。出题人主要考查你是否能完成以下整合与推理：
信息整合型：线索以具体事实、行为描述或细节散落在各处，你需要将这些“信息碎片”拼凑起来，才能推断出空格处应有的合理状态或结果。
逻辑推理型：空格处是某个事件的原因、结果或转折点，但上下文没有使用明显的逻辑连接词（如but, so），逻辑关系隐含在叙事中。你需要根据已知情节的发展，推导出最合理的下一步。
情感/态度推导型：作者或人物的情感态度并未直接言明，而是通过对其行为、环境或他人反应的细节描写来间接烘托。你需要通过这些描写，推导出人物此刻应有的心理状态。
解题技巧：三步推导法
面对这类题目，你可以遵循“定位-分析-验证”三步法进行系统推导。
第一步：划定范围，定位线索
精读包含空格的关键句组。不要只看前后一句，而要将分析范围扩大到足以形成一个完整情节或逻辑单元的段落。主动标出所有可能相关的名词（人物、物品、地点）、动词（动作、行为）、形容词（状态、描写）以及暗示逻辑关系的时间、顺序词。
第二步：分析关联，建立逻辑
这是最关键的一步。仔细审视你标记出的所有线索，并问自己以下几个问题：
情节链：这些动作或事件，按什么顺序发生？空格处是其中一环，那么它之前发生了什么？之后又导致了什么？
因果链：是否存在隐含的因果关系？某个细节是不是空格处现象的原因或结果？
情感链：人物的动作、他人的反应、环境的描写，共同指向一种什么样的情绪或态度？
第三步：假设代入，整体验证
根据第二步的分析，形成一个明确的假设（例如，“所以这里应该填一个表示‘失望’的词”），然后带着这个假设去审视选项。将你认为最可能的选项代入后，必须通读整个句组乃至相邻段落，检查它是否使所有线索连贯起来，故事是否通顺、逻辑是否自洽。
考向01 根据词语复现选词
【例1-1】（25-26高三上·重庆八中·月考节选）
…………
Cowboy was 5 the ugliest horse in the world, pigeon-toed and knock-kneed. But I loved him deeply, 6 his faults. I joined a riding club, receiving rude comments about cowboy’s looks while other members rode 7 registered horses. In appearance-judged events, we were quickly “shown the gate.” So, I chose barrel racing.
Becky, who always won blue ribbons, didn’t feel 8 when I competed against her, and I came next to last. Her pride made me determined to 9 her. For a month, I woke up early daily, rode cowboy five miles to the arena, 10 for hours in the hot sun, and walked him home — those five miles feeling twice as long when 11 .
At the next show, I was nervous watching Becky ace the course. When my 12 came, cowboy stumbled at first, but we then 13 through the barrels with perfect precision. To everyone’s surprise, we beat Becky by two seconds!
…………
5．A．barely B．slightly C．undoubtedly D．actually
6．A．ignoring B．forgetting C．improving D．changing
7．A．expensive B．modern C．fortunate D．beautiful
8．A．respected B．threatened C．valued D．favored
9．A．beat B．accept C．deny D．match
10．A．cooperated B．exercised C．practiced D．competed
11．A．depressed B．exhausted C．relieved D．motivated
12．A．fortune B．chance C．joy D．turn
13．A．dashed B．walked C．kicked D．bounced
【答案】5．C 6．A 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．A
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了十三岁的作者在青春期面临身体变化、父母痛苦离婚、搬家等多重挑战时，心爱的小马被卖掉，内心陷入无助与痛苦。父亲为其买了一匹外表丑陋的红色小马Cowboy，作者不顾他人对小马外貌的嘲讽，选择桶赛项目，经过一个月的刻苦训练，最终在比赛中击败强敌Becky的故事。
5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Cowboy无疑是世界上最丑的马，内八字且膝外翻。A. barely几乎不；B. slightly轻微地；C. undoubtedly毫无疑问地；D. actually实际上。根据后文“pigeon-toed and knock-knee”的具体描述可知，这匹马的丑陋是显而易见的，“毫无疑问地”能强调其外貌缺陷，故选C。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我深深地爱着它，忽略了它的缺点。A. ignoring忽略；B. forgetting忘记；C. improving改善；D. changing改变。根据前文“But I loved him deeply”的转折关系可知，作者没有在意它的外貌缺点，而是“忽略”了这些，体现对小马的喜爱，故选A。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我加入了一个骑马俱乐部，当其他成员骑着漂亮的注册马匹时，我却收到了关于Cowboy外貌的粗鲁评论。A. expensive昂贵的；B. modern现代的；C. fortunate幸运的；D. beautiful漂亮的。根据前文“the ugliest horse”及“rude comments about cowboy's looks”可知，其他成员的马与Cowboy形成对比，应是“漂亮的”，故选D。
8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Becky总是赢得蓝丝带，当我和她竞争时，她并不觉得受到威胁，而我得了倒数第二。A. respected受尊重的；B. threatened受威胁的；C. valued受重视的；D. favored受宠爱的。根据前文“Becky, who always won blue ribbons”及后文“I came next to last”可知，Becky认为作者实力不足，没有感受到“威胁”，故选B。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的骄傲让我下定决心要打败她。A. beat打败；B. accept接受；C. deny否认；D. match匹配。根据前文Becky不觉得受威胁及“I came next to last”的挫败经历可知，Becky的骄傲刺激了作者，使其产生“打败”她的决心，故选A。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个月来，我每天早起，骑着Cowboy五英里到竞技场，在烈日下练习几个小时，然后再步行把它带回家——当疲惫不堪时，那五英里感觉加倍漫长。A. cooperated合作；B. exercised锻炼；C. practiced练习；D. competed竞争。根据前文“for a month”和“woke up early daily”的语境可知，作者是在为比赛“练习”，通过刻苦训练提升实力，故选C。
11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个月来，我每天早起，骑着Cowboy五英里到竞技场，在烈日下练习几个小时，然后再步行把它带回家——当疲惫不堪时，那五英里感觉加倍漫长。A. depressed沮丧的；B. exhausted疲惫的；C. relieved欣慰的；D. motivated有动力的。根据前文“rode cowboy five miles”和“for hours in the hot sun”的高强度训练可知，作者会非常“疲惫”，故选B。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：轮到我时，Cowboy起初绊了一下，但之后我们以完美的精准度冲过了桶阵。A. fortune运气；B. chance机会；C. joy快乐；D. turn轮流，次序。根据前文“watching Becky ace the course”可知，比赛是按顺序进行的，此处指“轮到”作者上场，“one's turn”为固定表达，意为“轮到某人”，故选D。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：轮到我时，Cowboy起初绊了一下，但之后我们以完美的精准度冲过了桶阵。A. dashed冲，飞奔；B. walked走；C. kicked踢；D. bounced弹跳。根据前文“barrel racing”的运动特点及后文“perfect precision”、“beat Becky by two seconds”的结果可知，作者和Cowboy是“冲过”桶阵，体现速度与精准，故选A。
【例1-2】（25-26·浙江ZDB联盟·一模节选）
Long before my daughter Carolyn could speak, she would hold my finger as she learned to walk. Whenever her tiny hand was in mine, I would tenderly squeeze it twice and 1 , “I love you.” That became our 2 . She adored this little secret, and the gesture became our special way of 3 . But as Carolyn grew older, I assumed there was no need for little secret 4 anymore.
On the evening of her junior high graduation ceremony, I saw Carolyn sitting 5 waiting for her turn to perform. I wanted to 6 her, but I knew that anything I said would make her feel uncomfortable.
Then I remembered our secret signal………..
1．A．whisper B．shout C．announce D．declare
2．A．habit B．rule C．secret D．story
3．A．competing B．connecting C．exercising D．debating
4．A．signals B．gifts C．promises D．lessons
5．A．calmly B．nervously C．proudly D．lazily
6．A．praise B．surprise C．remind D．comfort
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．D
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者与女儿之间通过一个秘密手势传递爱意的故事，体现了亲情的深厚和持久。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每当她的小手放在我手里时，我都会温柔地捏两下，低声说：“我爱你。”A. whisper低声说；B. shout大喊；C. announce宣布；D. declare宣称。根据前文“Long before my daughter Carolyn could speak”，“Whenever her tiny hand was in mine, I would tenderly squeeze it twice”和下文“I love you.”可知，女儿还小，当她把小手放进作者的手里时，作者总是温柔的捏两下，轻声低语“我爱你”。故选A项。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这成了我们的秘密。A. habit习惯；B. rule规则；C. secret秘密；D. story故事。根据后文“She adored this little secret”可知，捏两下手并说“我爱你”成了作者和女儿之间的秘密。故选C项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她很喜欢这个小秘密，这个手势成了我们之间特殊的联系方式。A. competing竞争；B. connecting联系；C. exercising锻炼；D. debating辩论。根据前文“Whenever her tiny hand was in mine, I would tenderly squeeze it twice and 1 , “I love you.””和“She adored this little secret”可知，这是作者和女儿之间的秘密交流方式，是她们建立联系的特殊方法。故选B项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但随着卡罗琳逐渐长大，我认为不再需要那些小小的秘密暗号了。A. signals信号，暗号；B. gifts礼物；C. promises承诺；D. lessons课程。根据后文“Then I 3 our secret signal.”可知，原词复现，这是作者和女儿之间的暗号。故选A项。
5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在她初中毕业典礼的晚上，我看到卡罗琳紧张地坐着，等待轮到她表演。A. calmly冷静地；B. nervously紧张地；C. proudly自豪地；D. lazily懒惰地。根据后文“waiting for her turn to perform”和常识可推知，等待表演时，卡罗琳应该是紧张的。故选B项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想安慰她，但我知道我说什么都会让她感到不舒服。A. praise表扬；B. surprise使惊讶；C. remind提醒；D. comfort安慰。根据后文“but I knew that anything I said would make her feel uncomfortable”可知，作者想安慰女儿，但怕说错话。故选D项。
【变式1-1】（25-26高三上·江西南昌二中·期中节选）
Once I started working after graduating from Wilfrid Laurier University, I decided to stay in the workforce and go to school part-time. I began my journey as an adult 1 by returning to the Business Administration program at the same university. When I 2 from Laurier, a colleague introduced me to the Certified Employee Benefit Specialist (CEBS) program, which offered a professional credential (凭证) related to my field of 3 .
These days, I keep my industry knowledge 4 through reading industry publications, 5 relative conferences and taking an annual Continuing Education course. From a 6 interest perspective, I’ve taken music lessons and 7 in first aid, gardening and website development.
1． A．designer B．learner C．reporter D．teacher
2．A．graduated B．inferred C．heard D．suffered
3．A．status B．position C．work D．education
4．A．current B．known C．useful D．remarkable
5．A．organizing B．confirming C．recording D．attending
6．A．secret B．common C．unique D．personal
【变式1-2】（25-26高三上·湖南长沙一中·10月月考）
My first guitar lesson ended in pain, confusion and defeat. But then I was completely 1 . At 10, I felt a deep connection to this mysterious instrument. Since then, guitars have been my life. Through aching fingers, guitars 2 my deep emotions. With practice, the pain 3 and I grew closer to the instrument. The calluses (老茧) on my fingertips became badges (勋章) of honor, filling me with pride. The feelings of playing became second nature, providing temporary excellence. I couldn’t remember how many times I had been 4 to another reality. Picking up a guitar always returns me to that innocent 10-year-old, leaving me calmer and 5 .
1．A．confused B．absorbed C．exhausted D．occupied
2．A．looked around B．turned around C．ran into D．tapped into
3．A．faded B．emerged C．integrated D．increased
4．A．admitted B．pushed C．transported D．exposed
5．A．refreshed B．painful C．cautious D．lonely
考向02 根据作者情感态度选词
【例2-1】（25-26高三上·贵州贵阳一中·期中节选）
Returning to a book you’ve read many times can feel like drinking with an old friend. There’s a welcome 1 — but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both. 2 , books don’t change, while the readers do. And that’s what makes rereading so rich and 3 .
The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our 4 with the work is based on our current mental state. It’s a relationship of give and take between author and reader, which requires both to pull their own weight.
…………
1．A．warmth B．distance C．curiosity D．familiarity
2．A．Actually B．Consequently C．Fortunately D．Similarly
3．A．conservative B．subjective C．beneficial D．repetitive
4．A．need B．bond C．fight D．deal
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了重读一本书的感觉就像和一位老朋友喝酒一样，虽然书没有改变，但读者已经改变了，这使得重读变得丰富和有益。作者通过自己重读三本书的经历，阐述了重读的意义和价值。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一种令人愉快的熟悉感，但有时也会有点怀疑，时间是否改变了你们俩。A. warmth温暖；B. distance距离；C. curiosity好奇心；D. familiarity熟悉。根据前文“Returning to a book you’ve read many times”和“feel like drinking with an old friend”可推知，重读一本读过很多遍的书，会有一种熟悉感。故选D项。
2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：实际上，书没有改变，而读者却改变了。A. Actually实际上；B. Consequently因此；C. Fortunately幸运地；D. Similarly相似地。根据前文“a slight suspicion that time has changed you both”和后文“books don’t change, while the readers do”可知，后文揭示真相：书没有改变，是读者改变了。用副词actually符合语境。故选A项。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么重读如此丰富和有益。A. conservative保守的；B. subjective主观的；C. beneficial有益的；D. repetitive重复的。根据后文“The beauty of rereading”可推知，重读一本书是美妙的，是有益的。故选C项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：重读的美妙之处在于，我们与作品的联系是基于我们当前的精神状态。A. need需要；B. bond联系；C. fight战斗；D. deal交易。根据后文“It’s a relationship of give and take between author and reader”可知，这里说的是我们与作品的联系。故选B项。
【例2-2】（25-26·浙江·天域全国名校协作体·一模）
I had always loved hip-hop dancing, so when senior year began, I couldn’t wait for what I thought would be another exciting hip-hop class. But my heart 1 when I learned we had a new teacher — Ms. Barton, a strict ballet instructor. On that first day, I 2 in the crowd. While all the other girls wore perfect ballet outfits, I showed up in my 3 hip-hop clothes. My face burned when Ms. Barton made me demonstrate a grand plié (大屈膝), then told the class, “This is exactly how not to do it.” That night, I almost 4 .
But something 5 inside me refused to give up and I kept trying. While Ms. Barton never smiled, I started noticing little nodes of 6 . Then came the shock — she asked me to join a ballet dance for our year-end show!
1．A．beat B．sank C．pumped D．hardened
2．A．came out B．came by C．stood by D．stood out
3．A．worn B．tidy C．baggy D．tight
4．A．complained B．failed C．hesitated D．quit
5．A．stubborn B．humble C．passionate D．sensitive
6．A．dismissal B．approval C．proposal D．withdrawal
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者本爱嘻哈舞，遇严格芭蕾老师后坚持练习，最终获认可，领悟挫折可成成长部分的故事。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当我得知我们有了一位新老师——巴顿女士，一位严格的芭蕾舞教练时，我的心一沉。A. beat跳动；B. sank下沉；C. pumped输送；D. hardened变硬。根据前文“I couldn’t wait for what I thought would be another exciting hip-hop class”及后文“a strict ballet instructor”可知，作者期待嘻哈课却迎来严格芭蕾老师，心情低落，“heart sank”为固定表达，表心情沉重。故选B项。
2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：第一天，我在人群中很突出。A. came out出版；B. came by经过；C. stood by支持；D. stood out突出，显眼。根据后文“While all the other girls wore perfect ballet outfits, I showed up in...”可知，作者穿着与他人不同，在人群中很突出。故选D项。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其他女孩都穿着完美的芭蕾舞服，而我却穿着宽松的嘻哈服。A. worn破旧的；B. tidy整洁的；C. baggy宽松的；D. tight 紧身的。根据后文的“hip-hop clothes”以及常识可知，嘻哈风格服装通常较为宽松，与芭蕾服的紧致形成对比，符合语境。故选C项。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，我几乎要放弃了。A. complained抱怨；B. failed失败；C. hesitated犹豫；D. quit放弃。根据前文“Ms. Barton made me demonstrate a grand plié (大屈膝), then told the class, “This is exactly how not to do it.””可知，作者因表现差被批评，内心受挫，几乎想放弃。故选D项。
5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我内心深处某种固执的东西拒绝放弃，我继续努力。A. stubborn固执的；B. humble谦逊的；C. passionate热情的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据后文“refused to give up and I kept trying”可知，作者坚持不放弃，体现出固执的特质。故选A项。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然巴顿女士从不笑，但我开始注意到一些认可的迹象。A. dismissal解雇；B. approval认可；C. proposal提议；D. withdrawal退出。根据后文“she asked me to join a ballet dance for our year-end show”可知，老师邀请作者参加演出，说明之前已有认可的迹象。故选B项。
【变式2-1】（25-26高三上·四川绵阳&元三维大联考·一诊B卷）
It was New Year’s Eve 2022. For the first time in decades, Eleanor Heginbotham was spending the holiday 1 . Her husband of 62 years, Erland, had died in June.
To 2 her mood, she decided to make some holiday cards and drove to a nearby 3 to drop them off. When she returned to her 4 , though, it wouldn’t start. Her heart 5 .
1．A．regretfully B．restlessly C．alone D．aloud
2．A．match B．lift C．recover D．maintain
3．A．post office B．shopping mall C．supermarket D．bookstore
4．A．car B．station C．seat D．house
5．A．raced B．hurt C．beat D．sank
【变式2-2】（2025·河北衡水·三模）
I love needles. They 1 various purposes, from crafting colorful patterns to delivering essential medical care.
At the age of 12, I received a pair of small pink knitting needles. “I’m knitting. Would you like me to teach you ” My grandmother would 2 guiding me with infinite patience, gently 3 my small hands in hers. While she cooked, I would take her seat and copy her 4 . Gradually I learned the basics of knitting but I often asked for instruction and worried about spoiling our shared 5 . After my grandmother returned to Peru, I missed the rhythmic clicking of the needles that used to 6 our afternoons together. No matter how far apart we are, I believe we remain 7 through the needles.
1． A．define B．adopt C．enlarge D．serve
2．A．insist on B．subscribe to C．figure out D．pick up
3．A．assigning B．seizing C．enveloping D．stringing
4．A．responses B．wisdom C．commitment D．movements
5．A．project B．conclusion C．reaction D．support
6．A．consume B．expose C．analyse D．accompany
7．A．structured B．secured C．connected D．enhanced
考向03 根据语境暗示选词
【例3-1】（25-26高三上·河北·名校联考期中）
On the afternoon of June 9 Patterson was on route to pick up a load from a local customer in Tulsa. As he approached the entrance and began to 1 down for his turn, the driver behind him 2 sped up to pass, crashed into another vehicle pulling out of the customer’s parking lot.
Patterson immediately 3 and ran to assist. One car had skidded into a ditch (沟) and was 4 heavily. Inside, the driver was unresponsive and bleeding, with the door 5 . Acting quickly, Patterson forced the door open, 6 the seatbelt, and pulled the driver to safety.
“They were 7 ; there was a little bit of blood and smoke everywhere,” 8 Patterson. “I had to get them out.”
Without 9 , he rushed to the second car stuck in a deep ditch. A French couple was trapped within — their door immovable — so Patterson broke a window, 10 an escape route and pulling them through the passenger side.
1．A．break B．calm C．slow D．get
2．A．frequently B．gradually C．regularly D．suddenly
3．A．pulled over B．jumped off C．stood up D．cried out
4．A．shaking B．smoking C．moving D．burning
5．A．loose B．broken C．jammed D．open
6．A．unfastened B．lengthened C．secured D．adjusted
7．A．found B．rescued C．warned D．trapped
8．A．complained B．explained C．admitted D．declared
9．A．delay B．effort C．reason D．warning
10．A．exhibiting B．noticing C．creating D．preparing
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了退休海军陆战队队员帕特森救助事故伤者的事迹。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他接近入口，开始减速准备转弯时，身后的司机突然加速超车，撞上了另一辆正驶出客户停车场的车辆。A. break打破；B. calm冷静；C. slow放慢；D. get得到。根据上文“approached the entrance”以及下文“for his turn”可知，接近入口准备转弯时需要“减速”，“slow down”为固定搭配，意为“减速”，故选C。
2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他接近入口，开始减速准备转弯时，身后的司机突然加速超车，撞上了另一辆正驶出客户停车场的车辆。A. frequently频繁地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. regularly定期地；D. suddenly突然地。根据下文“sped up to pass, crashed into another vehicle”可知，后车司机的超车和碰撞是突发情况，用“suddenly”体现动作的突发性，故选D。
3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：帕特森立即靠边停车，跑去帮忙。A. pulled over靠边停车；B. jumped off跳下；C. stood up站起来；D. cried out大喊。根据上文帕特森正在驾车，以及下文“ran to assist”可知，他需要先“靠边停车”才能去救援，故选A。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：其中一辆车滑进了沟里，浓烟滚滚。A. shaking摇晃；B. smoking冒烟；C. moving移动；D. burning燃烧。根据下文“there was a little bit of blood and smoke everywhere”可知，事故现场有烟雾，此处指事故车辆在“冒烟”，故选B。
5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：车内，司机没有反应，还在流血，车门卡住了。A. loose松动的；B. broken破碎的；C. jammed卡住的；D. open打开的。根据下文“Acting quickly, Patterson forced the door open”可知，帕特森需要用力把门撬开，说明车门是“卡住的”，故选C。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：帕特森迅速行动，撬开车门，解开安全带，把司机拉到了安全地带。A. unfastened解开；B. lengthened拉长；C. secured固定；D. adjusted调整。根据上文司机被困车内以及下文“pulled the driver to safety”可知，要救出司机需要先“解开”安全带，故选A。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“他们被困住了，到处都是血和烟，”帕特森解释说。A. found发现；B. rescued营救；C. warned警告；D. trapped困住。根据下文“somebody was hurt — and stuck”可知，车内人员是被“困住”了，“stuck”与“trapped”为同义替换，故选D。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“他们被困住了，到处都是血迹和烟雾，”帕特森解释说。A. complained抱怨；B. explained解释；C. admitted承认；D. declared宣布。根据上文““They were 7 ; there was a little bit of blood and smoke everywhere,””可知，帕特森描述事故现场的情况，他是在“解释”当时救人的原因，故选B。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他立刻赶到第二辆被困在深沟里的车旁。A. delay耽搁；B. effort努力；C. reason理由；D. warning警告。根据上文帕特森迅速救援第一辆车的司机，以及下文“rushed to the second car”可知，他没有丝毫“耽搁”，“without delay”为固定搭配，意为“立即，毫不耽搁”，故选A。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一对法国夫妇被困在里面——他们的车门打不开——于是帕特森打破一扇窗户，开辟了一条逃生通道，把他们从副驾驶座拉了出来。A. exhibiting展示；B. noticing注意到；C. creating创造，开辟；D. preparing准备。根据上文“broke a window”以及下文“escape route”可知，打破窗户是为了“开辟”逃生通道，故选C。
【例3-2】（25-26高三上·广东深圳福田·二模）
………
This month, we discussed a novel I had 9 disliked for its slow pace and unreliable narrator. However, as my fellow graduates shared their insights on what made the novel so great, my perspective gradually 10 . Our lively debate unveiled new layers of the story, demonstrating how 11 wisdom can deepen individual understanding.
When the Zoom window closes, I return to my daily responsibilities, but a part of me 12 that intellectual space. This monthly 13 reconnects me not only with literature but also with the curious, analytical self I once was. It reminds me that personal growth never 14 and that shared learning can turn even the most ordinary books into 15 experiences.
9．A．initially B．extremely C．randomly D．instantly
10．A．expanded B．strengthened C．evolved D．shifted
11．A．academic B．personal C．collective D．professional
12．A．sticks to B．engages with C．fades from D．lingers in
13．A．isolation B．assignment C．gathering D．conference
14．A．pauses B．ceases C．sleeps D．escapes
15．A．remarkable B．common C．dull D．modest
【答案】8．D 9．A 10．D 11．C 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了作者是一位忙碌的全职母亲，很少有时间追寻自己热爱的文学，后来她参加了在线读书俱乐部，这让她有了非凡的体验的故事。
9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这个月，我们讨论了一本我最初不喜欢的小说，因为它的节奏慢和叙述者不可靠。A. initially起初；B. extremely极其；C. randomly随机地；D. instantly立刻，马上。根据下文“disliked for its slow pace and unreliable narrator. However, as my fellow graduates shared their insights on what made the novel so great”可知，前后存在转折关系，说明一开始作者不喜欢它。故选A。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我的毕业生同胞们分享他们关于这部小说为何如此伟大的见解时，我的观点逐渐发生了转变。A. expanded扩大；B. strengthened巩固；C. evolved逐渐形成；D. shifted改变。根据前文“as my fellow graduates shared their insights on what made the novel so great”可知，随着大家交流看法，作者对这部小说的看法发生了变化。故选D。
11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们热烈的讨论揭开了故事的新层次，展示了集体智慧是如何加深个人理解的。A. academic学术的；B. personal个人的；C. collective集体的；D. professional职业的。根据前文“Our lively debate unveiled new layers of the story”可知，大家的讨论解锁了这个故事的新内涵，这是集体的智慧。故选C。
12．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当Zoom视频会议窗口关闭时，我会回到我的日常职责中，但我的一部分仍停留在那个知识空间里。A. sticks to坚持；B. engages with与……建立密切关系；C. fades from从……消失；D. lingers in继续存留在，徘徊在……。but前“I return to my daily responsibilities”说读书会结束后作者回到日常，后面表示转折，说明她其实还有一部分心思停留在读书会那里。故选D。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个每月一次的聚会不仅让我与文学重新联系起来，也让我与曾经好奇、善于分析的自我重新联系起来。A. isolation隔离，孤独；B. assignment任务；C. gathering集会，聚会；D. conference会议。根据“This monthly”和上文“This month, we discussed a novel…”可知，作者他们的读书会是每月在线相聚。故选C。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它提醒我，个人成长永远不会停止，共享学习甚至可以把最普通的书变成非凡的体验。A. pauses暂停；B. ceases停止，结束；C. sleeps睡觉；D. escapes逃跑。根据前文“personal growth never”可知，个人的成长永不停止。故选B。
15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它提醒我，个人成长永远不会停止，共享学习甚至可以把最普通的书变成非凡的体验。A. remarkable非凡的；B. common共同的；C. dull枯燥无味的；D. modest谦虚的。根据上文“turn even the most ordinary books into”可知，这里与ordinary形成对比，表示非凡的体验。故选A。
【变式3-1】（2025·浙江杭州上城&等5地·一模）
As I continue to scan the water, I see 7 : a soft ripple. Then, just a few metres away, two eyes break the surface as a huge head rises ever so slightly out of the water. The silent beast 8 me. I feel my heart racing. I take a few steps to the left; the crocodile silently follows. Then a few to the right; and again, it 9 me. I’m a dot on its radar. A possibility. A chance. I can’t help but feel awe for this ancient hunter as it remains motionless, waiting for me to make a 10 , to take one step too many. It has almost endless 11 .
7．A．effect B．conflict C．wonder D．movement
8．A．jumps at B．locks onto C．counts on D．runs into
9．A．eyes B．tricks C．tracks D．freezes
10．A．deal B．decision C．mistake D．comeback
11．A．greed B．energy C．power D．patience
【变式3-2】（25-26·广东广州天河·一模）
We’re often conditioned to 12 what we’re taught to want, prioritizing external guidelines for happiness. However, these external constructs of fulfillment often 13 to match what you do want and what actually makes you happy. 14 your own desires is an internal process that only you have access to. Trusting your own wanting is the path back to your true self, and your power, which ultimately leads to genuine 15 .
12．A．learn B．miss C．practice D．seek
13．A．have B．continue C．happen D．appear
14．A．Discovering B．Expressing C．Balancing D．Questioning
15．A．wisdom B．admiration C．happiness D．success
专题01 高考真题练
A
（2024·浙江·1月首考）
While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful 1 with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man 2 me on the train. My 3 friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the 4 to practice my Chinese.
Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had 5 a two-year professional school to quickly find a job 6 highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most 7 , however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would 8 a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American 9 as a whole. ”And what do you all learn about Russian authors ” I 10 him asking at one point.
It would have been easy to 11 my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, 12 , and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he 13 me just how much one can gain from 14 with an open mind, and a willingness to 15 with locals from all walks of life.
1．A．experiment B．encounter C．competition D．appointment
2．A．treated B．saved C．lectured D．approached
3．A．true B．so-called C．new D．long-lost
4．A．chance B．advice C．trouble D．right
5．A．visited B．financed C．attended D．founded
6．A．building B．sweeping C．checking D．guarding
7．A．typical B．obvious C．natural D．remarkable
8．A．publish B．quote C．сорy D．download
9．A．writers B．historians C．workers D．students
10．A．anticipate B．imagine C．recall D．catch
11．A．look into B．rely on C．go over D．deal with
12．A．well-behaved B．multi-skilled C．warm-hearted D．self-educated
13．A．asked B．warned C．showed D．promised
14．A．traveling B．reading C．searching D．teaching
15． A．cooperate B．side C．negotiate D．engage
B
（2025·浙江·1月首考）
Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s 1 . A few months ago, the 30-year-old teacher decided it was time to put her 2 to good use. She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes 3 into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties.
Ribeiro 4 ?35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours. For Ribeiro, it has become a perfect platform for 5 her hobby of buying food, 6 new recipes and holding dinner parties.
“It’s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to 7 new people,” said Ribeiro. Sometimes she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes 8 her native home; other times she 9 dinner courses with her favorite beers.
The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom, as 10 to a restaurant where the service is 11 , the menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected to be no 12 .
“But it’s also a great 13 , for it can sometimes take days to 14 a single event,” Ribeiro said. “This platform is not only 15 for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences.”
1．A．reading B．traveling C．cooking D．teaching
2．A．hobby B．energy C．education D．money
3．A．coworkers B．students C．relatives D．strangers
4．A．pays B．charges C．owes D．raises
5．A．pursuing B．choosing C．discussing D．changing
6．A．passing on B．trying out C．going over D．taking down
7．A．hire B．help C．meet D．train
8．A．in addition to B．in return for C．in honor of D．in line with
9．A．replaces B．tastes C．orders D．pairs
10．A．opposed B．related C．subject D．vital
11．A．invaluable B．impersonal C．unsuitable D．unprofessional
12．A．surprise B．end C．need D．problem
13．A．lesson B．pleasure C．success D．challenge
14．A．celebrate B．record C．attend D．organise
15．A．selected B．reserved C．evaluated D．requested
C
（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·高考）
I’ve been motivated — and demotivated — by other folks’ achievements all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend 1 a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running 2 , but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was 3 for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles. To be honest, I 4 it! Between the girl making my 5 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only 6 I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
So I 7 cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I 8 of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I 9 her bike and went for a ride. The 10 : the roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such 11 . That day, I got 12 by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as 13 .
I’ve 14 a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever 15 I set for myself, they just have to be my own.
1．A．knew B．held C．won D．quit
2．A．regularly B．silently C．proudly D．recently
3．A．asking B．looking C．waiting D．training
4．A．made B．believed C．hated D．deserved
5．A．advantage B．achievement C．contribution D．influence
6．A．way B．risk C．place D．reason
7．A．gave up B．went on C．turned to D．dealt with
8．A．heard B．dreamed C．complained D．approved
9．A．painted B．borrowed C．bought D．parked
10．A．problem B．secret C．principle D．advice
11．A．dangers B．events C．opponents D．challenges
12．A．passed B．convinced C．admired D．stopped
13．A．reliable B．convenient C．familiar D．appealing
14．A．traveled B．matured C．missed D．worried
15． A．limits B．dates C．goals D．tests
专题02 优秀模拟题
A
（25-26·湖南永州·一模）
My six-year-old son, Callum, is on the autism spectrum (自闭症). Sometimes, 1 tasks like ordering meals can be overwhelming for him. He gets uneasy, especially when things don’t 2 as expected. That day, his favorite Happy Meal toy was lost.
That’s when the cashier of McDonald’s, whose name tag 3 “Nia”, stepped in. She 4 down and gently asked with a warm smile, “Do you like dinosaurs ” He shook his head. Then, as if by magic, she 5 a basket of toys. “You can pick whichever one,” she said softly.
He reached for a race car, but that wasn’t the 6 of it. Nia stepped out from behind the 7 , and played cars with him. I 8 she’d have to get back to work quickly, but she didn’t.
Watching her interact with my son filled me with 9 . You know how employees are so busy that they barely 10 you But Nia was different.
While Callum enjoyed himself, I took the 11 to ask Nia how she knew exactly what to do. “Kids like him are 12 , but the world doesn’t always work for them. If I can change a little, then it’s worthwhile.” Actually, Nia was 13 college classes in the mornings, working at McDonald’s in the afternoons, and studying at night.
In a world that often feels 14 and disconnected, Nia was a rare gem (宝石) — a 15 of there being still people who go out of their way to brighten someone else’s day.
1．A．routine B．boring C．urgent D．challenging
2．A．worsen B．unfold C．last D．fade
3．A．wrote B．quoted C．marked D．read
4．A．lay B．sat C．bent D．fell
5．A．pulled out B．missed out C．cleared away D．took away
6．A．consequence B．end C．influence D．function
7．A．counter B．curtain C．door D．window
8．A．guaranteed B．wondered C．hoped D．assumed
9． A．courage B．curiosity C．gratitude D．relief
10．A．warn B．beg C．acknowledge D．impress
11．A．opportunity B．responsibility C．lead D．risk
12．A．educated B．gifted C．ambitious D．incredible
13．A．selecting B．balancing C．skipping D．teaching
14．A．united B．rushed C．harmonious D．mysterious
15．A．promise B．dream C．reminder D．record
B
（25-26高三上·湖北部分市州·调研一模）
Summer and I have not gotten along well ever since we quarreled over a chair in the kindergarten. That’s why what happened last month was so 1 .
We were both cast as bunnies in our school’s winter play. Our 2 , Mr. Jackson, wrote a humorous closing song. In the beginning, Summer and I did our best to 3 each other. Then, one day, Mr. Jackson said, “I’d like to talk to you two privately after 4 .” Was I getting kicked out of the 5 My heart started beating fast. Was it 6 that we were trying to stand as far apart as possible … My mind was 7 with a zillion nervous worries.
“I’d like you to 8 and sing the closing song…” he said. “Wow. Um…” we said 9 upon hearing it, but finally we both 10 . The second day, we had an actual 11 . Summer said “What do you think was so special about that chair ” “I have no idea!” I said, “Maybe little 12 are really into chairs.” “This is my chair.” Summer said in a squeaky little kid voice. “No way!” I also said. We went on like that for a long time, laughing so hard that we could barely 13 our breath. Suddenly, it hit me that we could use these squeaky voices for that playful song.
After a bunch of practices, we really made it in the show and the 14 couldn’t stop applauding. So, with a real talk and enough time going by, you might realize that “chairs” don’t 15 very much in the end. Laughing instead of arguing, you might find a surprising new way into friendship.
1．A．moving B．surprising C．discouraging D．appealing
2．A．player B．actor C．broadcaster D．director
3．A．ignore B．investigate C．tease D．greet
4．A．dinner B．practice C．school D．discussion
5．A．club B．production C．play D．film
6．A．intolerable B．obvious C．certain D．terrible
7．A．spinning B．withdrawing C．processing D．wandering
8．A．calm down B．cheer up C．hang out D．team up
9．A．awkwardly B．happily C．sadly D．interestingly
10．A．agreed B．bowed C．laughed D．yelled
11．A．fight B．conversation C．meal D．quarrel
12．A．babies B．teens C．kids D．bunnies
13．A．save B．hold C．lose D．catch
14．A．audience B．staff C．public D．cast
15．A．exist B．matter C．work D．cost
C
（25-26·福建泉州·一检）
Years ago, as a shy and uncertain post-graduate, I took a decent job but felt like wearing ill-fitting shoes. Lost and 1 , I waited for inspiration to strike.
And inspiration did strike. I 2 The Artist's Way, a 12-week course to unlock 3 . Julia Cameron, its creator, believes we all 4 an inner creativity; we just block ourselves from that urge. The path she lays out is simple yet requires 5 .
There are weekly readings. For months, I'd discuss with members about our reading and 6 our progress, frustrations, and aha moments. One key 7 was writing “morning pages” — no stopping and no editing for at least three full pages. It felt writing nonsense at first. But as I 8 , it helped me realize I'd use excuses to 9 a dance class or job opportunity. I found I tend to avoid any 10 .
Another practice was “artist dates” — solo activities to inspire fun. Cameron emphasized that 11 our limiting beliefs was only half the battle; we must also 12 seek joy. So, I invited 13 pleasures: baking cookies, collecting fallen flowers, etc. I even rented a car to a coastal town. At sunset, I'd roll down my car window, sing loudly and 14 the pink sky. Joy entered my serious life.
A year later, I quitted my job and 15 one in a creative field. It took three more years to dance on stage. As for publishing short stories, perhaps next summer.
1．A．confused B．motivated C．annoyed D．impatient
2．A．set up B．reflected on C．turned down D．came across
3．A．mystery B．creativity C．achievement D．passion
4．A．display B．expect C．possess D．mention
5．A．flexibility B．commitment C．fortune D．cooperation
6．A．memorize B．deny C．share D．forget
7．A．contest B．suggestion C．trial D．task
8．A．persisted B．surveyed C．complained D．wondered
9．A．establish B．take C．abandon D．miss
10．A．risk B．guidance C．strategy D．praise
11．A．promoting B．recognizing C．illustrating D．preserving
12．A．helplessly B．humbly C．actively D．cautiously
13．A．original B．permanent C．intense D．simple
14．A．admire B．paint C．decorate D．brighten
15． A．designed B．landed C．refused D．inquired
D
（2025·重庆·第九次质检）
When Hurricane Helene struck Burnsville, North Carolina, last September, the small town was left ruined. In the 1 that followed, pilots, federal agencies, and 2 teams were given a number to call for coordination (协作). 3 , that number led to Stephanie Carlson, a woman living two hours away, who had 4 heard of Burnsville and had no ties to emergency services. Despite her 5 , Stephanie didn’t 6 .
Calls flooded in from FEMA, the FAA, the National Guard, and even the U. S. Air Force. Each caller assumed she was the 7 point of contact. Stephanie wasn’t. But realizing the 8 of the situation, she took it upon herself to help. She carefully 9 information from every caller and helped coordinate rescue efforts. Her quick thinking and 10 in the face of the hurricane led to the rescue of several people trapped in floodwaters.
“I just did what anyone should do,” Stephanie told WXII 12 News in Winston-Salem. Her 11 role turned into a lifeline for many during the 12 . In the midst of destruction, the accidental helper’s actions 13 that sometimes, heroism comes from the most 14 places — from someone who simply 15 when others need help.
1．A．breakthrough B．mess C．development D．chance
2．A．rescue B．research C．training D．marketing
3．A．Interestingly B．Desperately C．Thankfully D．Strangely
4．A．often B．sometimes C．seldom D．never
5．A．disappointment B．anxiety C．confusion D．sadness
6．A．insist B．hesitate C．worry D．act
7．A．official B．informal C．free D．legal
8．A．security B．change C．possibility D．urgency
9．A．tested B．collected C．predicted D．blocked
10．A．calmness B．intelligence C．curiosity D．madness
11．A．unexpected B．incompetent C．passive D．creative
12．A．vacation B．experiment C．disaster D．recovery
13．A．claimed B．proved C．determined D．stressed
14．A．ideal B．appealing C．unlikely D．dangerous
15． A．leans back B．stands by C．steps forward D．turns away
E
（2025·湖南长沙雅礼中学·模拟（二））
Five girl college students were traveling from Athens to Savannah for a weekend celebration. When 1 the Brier Creek Bridge, they spotted something 2 — a dust cloud below the bridge with a flash of white light.
“We pulled over super fast, and we just saw a white car 3 below the surface of the water,” said Molly McCollum, one of the students. Though 4 in shock at the scene, they 5 without hesitation, jumping out of their car and rushing toward the three passengers, a mom and two kids. Two of the girls entered the water to get the 6 to safety while the others gathered supplies and communicated with 7 responders.
Seeing a kid 8 , one student put her lifeguarding skills to the 9 by performing CPR (心肺复苏术) on him immediately. It was a worst-case situation — but somehow, within a minute, the kid began 10 . All three survivors of the incident were sent to a hospital and were discharged the next-day.
McCollum said, “The 11 underwater was a unique catastrophe (灾难). Actually, there are people 12 all around us all the time. If we can take advantage of the frequent opportunities that arise to help and 13 one another, the outcomes can be just as impactful as in assisting in catastrophic events.”
The five rescuers were 14 with a life-saving heroism award. The 15 “hero” gets said about sports stars and others, but these five are true heroes.
1．A．blocking B．building C．removing D．approaching
2．A．familiar B．odd C．natural D．lively
3．A．sinking B．speeding C．touring D．parking
4．A．frequently B．secretly C．originally D．typically
5．A．broke out B．stepped in C．backed off D．carried on
6．A．victims B．witnesses C．colleagues D．passers-by
7．A．service B．health C．media D．emergency
8．A．aching B．disabled C．senseless D．frightened
9．A．show B．test C．need D．effect
10．A．laughing B．chatting C．responding D．defending
11．A．boat B．cloud C．treasure D．vehicle
12．A．struggling B．bothering C．escaping D．working
13．A．uplift B．warn C．discover D．respect
14．A．bored B．honored C．prepared D．named
15． A．story B．joke C．experience D．term
F
（2025·湖北武汉二中·二模）
Growing up in Calgary, our kids had only seen buildings from the 1900s. We wanted to show them 1 castles, medieval monuments, and grand palaces, so we traveled to Edinburgh to take a family trip.
Scotland holds a personal connection for us, as my boys have Scottish 2 , we hoped this trip would connect them to their ancestors’ culture.
Our airport taxi driver pointed out landmarks and shared historical facts. Through his 3 Scottish accent, he suggested visiting the National Records office to explore our family history. Despite their 4 , my kids grew excited to explore their family history. As we entered the city, Edinburgh Castle was 5 majestically on the volcanic rock — a 6 reminder of Scotland’s 7 past that would help my children connect with their heritage.
Walking along the Royal Mile, my boys were 8 by the souvenir shops. Among the tartan scarves arranged by 9 , they found their family’s unique 10 . Though we didn’t 11 anything, this discovery gave them a strong sense of 12 to their ancestors.
This trip became a meaningful 13 of cultural discovery. Sometimes the most valuable things aren’t what we buy, but what we 14 about ourselves and our 15 .
1．A．modern B．ancient C．damaged D．fictional
2．A．friends B．language C．heritage D．food
3．A．indifferent B．peculiar C．familiar D．thick
4．A．curiosity B．jet lag C．drawback D．confusion
5．A．situated B．stood C．lay D．floated
6．A．painful B．permanent C．temporary D．visual
7．A．awful B．glorious C．dull D．luxurious
8．A．bored B．embarrassed C．scared D．attracted
9．A．character B．size C．tribe D．gesture
10．A．pattern B．tradition C．choir D．privacy
11．A．sell B．purchase C．make D．break
12．A．connection B．distance C．struggle D．conflict
13．A．journey B．business C．career D．navigation
14．A．achieve B．hide C．reflect D．learn
15．A．future B．routine C．past D．Setback
G
（2025·高三·江西南昌·信息卷）
I was standing near the ice lanterns that lined the course of a sled dog race, watching the teams 1 past with determination and joy. It was a(n) 2 sight — dogs and musher (赶狗拉雪橇的人) moving fast as one through the forest late at night, focused on the course ahead. People gathered around and cheered.
Then I 3 something out of the ordinary. We were cheering on an approaching team when suddenly the dogs headed off course and charged right into the 4 . It seemed that the lead dog had 5 something around and taken the whole team with him. The crowd barely had time to react but jumped back, and I prepared for 6 .
But what happened next was a masterclass in 7 . The musher, standing firmly on the runners, didn’t 8 . He didn’t yell or hurry to correct the team. 9 , he called out: “I need a volunteer! Grab the lead dog’s harness (挽具)!” His voice was 10 and direct, instantly calming the dogs and the crowd. A nearby volunteer 11 stepped forward and grabbed hold of the lead dog. It was over in seconds. The dogs were back 12 , and the musher was moving forward as if nothing had happened.
What 13 me most wasn’t just the musher’ s calmness — it was how quickly he 14 with precision, regulating both his emotions and his actions. Instead of over-analyzing, he simply called for help, 15 the issue and moved on.
1．A．circle B．gather C．speed D．march
2．A．fascinating B．predictable C．disturbing D．strange
3．A．recalled B．declared C．noticed D．expected
4．A．crowd B．distance C．darkness D．forest
5．A．missed out B．fed up with C．got rid of D．locked onto
6．A．honor B．chaos C．reasons D．silence
7．A．self-regulation B．self-reflection C．self-reliance D．self-education
8．A．arrange B．interrupt C．panic D．relax
9．A．Therefore B．Instead C．Besides D．Meanwhile
10．A．soft B．shaky C．smooth D．steady
11．A．hesitantly B．immediately C．surprisingly D．casually
12．A．in line B．at ease C．on track D．in motion
13．A．struck B．confused C．escaped D．reminded
14．A．wrestled B．defended C．acknowledged D．responded
15．A．ignored B．addressed C．shifted D．estimated
H
（2025·湖南长沙四大名校·模拟）
“Where is the light, Sasi ” Dad used to ask me that when I was little. Parents use such questions to find out how 1 their kids are. During my teenage years, my dad 2 told me that he thought I was somewhat 3 in intelligence because I pointed at him whenever he asked me that.
Born in poverty, Dad lost his father as a child. To live 4 , his mother went about town and washed laundry in various households.
Though lacking nurturing and love, Dad loved reading and always 5 opportunities to educate himself. One day, a pastor (牧师) saw Dad, 16 and out of work, sitting under a tree 6 in a book. Moved by his desire to study, the pastor 7 him to University of the Cordilleras as a(n) 8 student and offered Dad a job at a local church. Dad graduated with two degrees and became a successful lawyer.
Dad is by nature a 9 man, devoted to his career without forgetting his family. He 10 education — he would tell me and my brother to constantly seek 11 in ourselves through learning.
Like a light, he 12 with dignity and respect because of his achievements, but his light radiates the brightest for maintaining our family as a 13 with love and faith.
Now when my dad wants to 14 me, asking the question with my 15 nickname, “Sasi, where’s the light ” I just smile, and point at him.
1．A．wild B．smart C．patient D．healthy
2．A．seriously B．truly C．weakly D．jokingly
3．A．lacking B．rich C．confident D．lucky
4．A．at peace B．from hand to mouth C．beyond income D．in poverty
5．A．accepted B．watched C．sought D．brought
6．A．attacked B．bathed C．taken D．absorbed
7．A．paid B．recommended C．ordered D．admitted
8．A．working B．full-time C．foreign D．top
9．A．sensitive B．private C．hardworking D．cautious
10．A．overlooks B．spreads C．completes D．values
11．A．fortune B．improvement C．help D．advice
12．A．remains B．lowers C．shines D．burns
13．A．rule B．unit C．power D．source
14．A．kid B．doubt C．beat D．move
15．A．formal B．rare C．absurd D．childhood
I
（2025·江苏南京南师大附中·模拟）
Last year, my husband and I planned to visit my relatives in Italy. To 1 with them, we had to learn Italian. I 2 with enthusiasm — while my husband had no 3 at all. “Bellissimo (very beautiful)” was the only Italian word he knew.
The day arrived: While he snoozed (打瞌睡) on the plane, I nervously practiced my arrival speech over and over with my phrase book. Then we were there. “Bellissimo!” he greeted them enthusiastically. They instantly 4 him, cheering and laughing. He made gestures of gratitude, offering the occasional “Bellissimo!” when smiles and gestures were 5 .
Then it was my 6 . I cleared my throat. “Piacere, cari cugini…” I looked around the group expectantly before I went on. 7 , I had prepared for this moment for a year. But my words were met with only 8 smiles.
What was wrong Was it my ever-present phrase book that put them off Or was it my 9 — to get everything right, not to 10 even a moment of comprehension at our family reunion across the ocean Whatever the 11 , it was clear that in my eagerness to 12 the language barrier, I had built one of another kind. With the best 13 , I had made them uncomfortable. While they appreciated my year-long effort to learn their 14 they loved Mr. Bellissimo, who understood the people, more.
I put away my phrase book. In the following days, I 15 and enjoyed myself. Although I missed a word here and there, I was there with my family — and that was all that really mattered.
1．A．agree B．negotiate C．cope D．communicate
2．A．jumped in B．woke up C．backed up D．stepped aside
3．A．confidence B．interest C．reason D．ability
4．A．respected B．loved C．trusted D．supported
5．A．irrelevant B．insincere C．inadequate D．unclear
6．A．honour B．chance C．turn D．strength
7．A．As a result B．After all C．In time D．On the contrary
8．A．cold B．satisfied C．polite D．apologetic
9．A．politeness B．ability C．tolerance D．eagerness
10．A．avoid B．ignore C．forget D．miss
11．A．motivation B．cause C．consequence D．effect
12．A．break down B．build up C．walk around D．run into
13．A．explanations B．arrangements C．intentions D．solutions
14．A．book B．gesture C．custom D．language
15． A．relaxed B．admired C．blamed D．questioned21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
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