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题型33 时态/语态/主谓一致
题型简介
动词时态、语态与主谓一致填空是高考英语语法填空中确保句子时间逻辑、行为方向与形式统一的核心管控题型。该题型要求考生在动态语境中，为一个核心动作精准定位其时间坐标（时态）、判断其行为主体与客体的关系（语态），并确保其形式与主语在“数”上严格匹配（主谓一致）。它绝非对孤立语法规则的简单回忆，而是对学生构建完整、严谨、逻辑自洽的英语句子核心框架能力的终极检验。
随着高考对语言表达准确性与逻辑严密性要求的不断提升，此类题目直接关乎句子的基本正确性，是决定语法填空与写作部分得分的基础。确保在此类考点上绝对稳固，对于学生消除基础性语法错误、建立扎实的语言输出能力具有不可替代的战略意义，是学生语言能力大厦的基石。该题型主要围绕三大相辅相成的管控维度进行考查：
时态：根据上下文提供的时间状语、逻辑暗示或前后句的时态呼应，判断动作发生在现在、过去、将来或过去的过去，并为其选择正确的动词时间形式（如一般现在时、现在完成时、过去将来时等）。
语态：根据主语与谓语动词之间的关系，判断动作是主语主动执行（主动语态）还是主语被动承受（被动语态），并相应变化动词形式（如 am done, was being built）。
主谓一致：依据语法一致、意义一致或就近一致原则，使谓语动词的单复数形式与其主语在“数”上保持严格一致，这是保证句子语法正确的形式底线。
这三者并非孤立存在，而是常常交织于同一个空格中进行综合考查（例如，一个填空可能同时涉及“过去时”、“被动语态”和“单数主语”）。它们共同构成了英语句子谓语部分的“铁三角”规则，是衡量学生语言基本功是否过硬、思维是否严谨的最直接、最根本的标尺。
设题类型&解题思路
核心定位：句子核心的“三位一体”管控
动词的时态、语态与主谓一致共同构成英语句子的核心框架，是语法填空的必考与难点。三者常综合考查，要求学生具备在动态语境中进行时间定位、关系判断和形式统一的复合能力。这是衡量学生语言基本功与逻辑缜密度的终极标尺。
考向01 时态考点——语境中的“时间坐标轴”
解题关键在于建立时间轴概念，依据显性时间状语或隐性逻辑线索，为动作精准定位。
六大常考时态核心用法与标志词
1. 一般现在时
核心用法：表示习惯、客观真理、普遍事实；在时间/条件状语从句中表将来。
关键标志词：always, often, usually, every day, sometimes；科学事实、格言；if/when 引导的条件/时间状语从句（主将从现）。
例题：If it ______ (rain) tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic.
解析与答案：if 从句中，用一般现在时 rains 表将来。
2. 一般过去时
核心用法：表示在过去某一特定时间发生并已完成的动作。
关键标志词：yesterday, last week, in 1990, ago, just now, the other day, once。
例题：The discovery ______ (make) by accident during an experiment last month.
解析与答案：last month 明确过去时间，且主语“发现”是“被作出”，需用过去时被动语态：was made。
3. 现在完成时
核心用法：表示动作从过去持续到现在或对现在造成影响/结果。强调“过去与现在的联系”。
关键标志词：
for + 时间段，since + 时间点
in/during the past/last few years
already, yet, ever, never, just, so far, up to now
This/It is the first time that... 句型中，that 从句用现在完成时。
例题：Over the years, he ______ (collect) more than a thousand stamps.
解析与答案：Over the years 表示从过去持续到现在的阶段，用现在完成时：has collected。
4. 过去完成时
核心用法：表示“过去的过去”，即在某个过去时间点或动作之前已经完成的动作。
关键标志：常有另一个明确的过去动作或时间（by/before/until + 过去时间，when/before/after 从句的过去动作）作为参照。
例题：She realized that she ______ (leave) her keys at home.
解析与答案：“意识到”是过去时，“遗忘钥匙”发生在此之前，用过去完成时：had left。
5. 现在/过去进行时
核心用法：表示在现在/过去某一时刻或时段正在进行的动作；或与 always 等连用表达情感色彩。
关键标志词：now, at present；at this time yesterday, at 10 o'clock yesterday morning；when/while 引导的从句（表背景）。
例题：I ______ (watch) TV when the power went out last night.
解析与答案：when 引导的过去时间点动作发生时，“看电视”这一背景动作正在进行，用过去进行时：was watching。
6．一般将来时
核心用法：表示将来发生的动作或状态。
关键标志词：tomorrow, next week, in the future, in + 一段时间。考查 will/shall do, be going to do, be to do 等多种形式。
（二） 解题思路
寻标志：优先寻找空格前后的显性时间状语。
析逻辑：若无明显状语，则分析动作与句中其他动词或上下文的隐性时间先后关系。
套句型：检查是否为“主将从现”、“This is the first time...”等固定句型。
考向02 语态考点——主谓关系的“方向判断仪”
解题核心是判断主语是动作的执行者（主动）还是承受者（被动）。
（一） 被动语态的基本判断
1. 逻辑判断法：主语无法执行该动作，而是动作的承受者。
例题：New regulations ______ (introduce) to reduce pollution.
解析：“规定”是“被引入”，主语是承受者。
答案：were introduced (需结合上下文时态)
2. 介词提示法：空格后出现引出动作执行者的 by 短语。
例题：The theory ______ (support) by numerous experiments.
解析：有 by... 短语提示被动。
答案：is supported (一般现在时被动)
（二） 必须用被动语态或系表结构的常见动词
1. 表状态：be born (出生)， be located/situated (坐落)， be married (已婚状态)， be dressed (in) (穿着)。
2. 表构成：be made up of / be composed of (由…组成)。(注：consist of 只用主动形式。)
3. 表心理感受：be interested in/surprised at/excited about 等（系动词+过去分词，表状态）。
4. 常见句型：It is said/believed/reported that...； Sth. is expected/supposed to do...。
（三） 没有被动语态的动词
某些不及物动词或短语，如 happen， take place， occur， break out， appear， disappear 等，表示发生、出现，没有被动语态。
考向03 主谓一致考点——形式统一的“数律检查官”
解题核心是：抛开所有修饰成分，找到真正主语，判断其单复数。三大原则需牢记。
（一） 语法一致原则：主语的形式决定谓语的单复数。
单数主语：可数名词单数、不可数名词、不定式/动名词短语、从句作主语时，谓语用单数。
复数主语：可数名词复数、A and B 表示不同人或物时，谓语用复数。
例题：Reading novels ______ (be) a good way to relax.
解析与答案：动名词短语 Reading novels 作主语，视作单数：is。
（二） 意义一致原则：主语的形式与意义不一致时，根据其实际意义决定谓语。
集体名词：family, team, class, audience 等，强调整体用单数，强调成员用复数。
His family is large. (家庭整体)
His family are all music lovers. (家庭成员)
数量词短语：时间、距离、金额、度量衡 的复数名词作主语，表示一个整体概念时，谓语用单数。
Ten thousand dollars is a large sum.
（三） 就近/就远原则：
1. 就近原则
由连接主语的特定连词或介词决定。适用连接词：or（或者）， either... or...（要么…要么…）， neither... nor...（既不…也不…）， not only... but also...（不仅…而且…）。
例题：Neither the manager nor his assistants ______ (be) available for comment.
答案：are 解析：谓语动词靠近复数主语 his assistants，因此用复数形式。
2. 就远原则
当主语后跟有由 with, together with, along with, as well as, besides, except, including 等引导的短语时，谓语动词的单复数形式与这些短语之前的主语（即第一个主语）保持一致。这些短语被视为修饰语，不影响主语的数。
例题：The project director, as well as three engineers, ______ (be) working on site.
答案：is解析：主语是 The project director（单数），as well as three engineers 是附加修饰信息，谓语应与主语 director 一致。
3. 原则对比总结
就近原则：用于由并列连词（如 or, not only...but also...）连接的主语，动词与最近的主语一致。就远原则：用于主语后跟有介词短语或插入性修饰语（如 with, as well as）的情况，动词与核心主语（即第一个主语）一致。
（四） “名词+介词短语”结构
这是最常设题的类型。解题关键是完全忽略 of, in, on 等引导的介词短语，找到介词前的核心名词作为判断依据。
例题：The number of registered participants ______ (have) increased dramatically.
答案：has解析：主语是 The number（单数），of registered participants 是修饰 number 的介词短语，不影响主语的数。
对比例题：A number of students ______ (be) applying for the scholarship.
答案：are解析：主语是 A number of（许多，相当于 many），修饰核心词 students（复数），因此谓语用复数。
考向01 时态考点
【例1-1】(湖南省长沙市雨花区长沙市雅礼中学2025-2026学年高三上学期1月月考英语试题节选)
In a studio in Berlin, Ismet Himmet, 48, guides a group of students through the flowing movements of tai chi. Known by his Chinese name You Lihan, he 1 (spend) over three decades in Chinese martial arts, transforming what began as a personal passion into a lifelong mission of cultural exchange.
【答案】has spent
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他以中文名尤立汉为人所知，已在中国武术领域投入了三十多年，将最初的个人爱好转变为文化交流的终身使命。时间状语“over three decades”是现在完成时的标志，主语he为单数，此空应是has spent。故填has spent。
【例1-2】(2026届重庆市九龙坡区四川外国语大学附属外国语学校高三上学期一模英语试题节选)
Last winter, over 1,500 test engineers from 39 automakers gathered in Mohe, which 2 (generate) more than 36 million yuan in indirect revenue (收入) for local businesses.
【答案】generated
【详解】考查时态。句意：去年冬天，来自39家汽车制造商的超过1500名测试工程师齐聚漠河，为当地企业带来了超过3600万元的间接收入。根据上文Last winter可知为一般过去时。故填generated。
【例1-3】(2026高三北京专题练习)
The music from the next room ___3_____ (sound) very familiar, but I couldn’t remember where I had heard it before.
【答案】sounds
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:隔壁房间传来的音乐听起来很熟悉，但我不记得以前在哪里听过。sound"听起来"，本空为but前句子的谓语，本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语music为不可数名词，谓语用第三人称单数sounds。故填sounds。
【变式1-1】（2026届云南省云南师范大学附属中学高考适应性月考卷1月卷英语试卷节选）
Despite having a wealth of natural talent, positive results on the main tour 1 (prove) difficult to come. By the time he entered the UK Championship in 2021, he merely 2 (reach) a few quarter - finals and one semi - final.
【答案】1．proved 2．had reached
【详解】1．考查动词时态。句意：尽管他天赋异禀，但在主巡回赛上取得好成绩却很困难。此处缺少谓语动词，此处描述的是过去的事情，应使用一般过去时，prove的过去式为proved。故填proved。
2．考查动词时态。句意：到2021年参加英国锦标赛时，他只进入过几次四分之一决赛和一次半决赛。根据时间状语“By the time he entered the UK Championship in 2021”可知，此处表示“过去的过去”，应使用过去完成时，其结构为“had+过去分词”，reach的过去分词为reached。故填had reached。
【变式1-2】（湖南省长沙市长郡中学2025-2026学年高三上学期月考（五）英语试题节选）
So far this year, Jiangkou alone 2 (export) four tons of matcha to Japan, with another six tons scheduled (schedule) for delivery.
【答案】has exported
【详解】考查时态。句意：截至今年，仅江口县就向日本出口了四吨抹茶，另有六吨计划于近期发货。So far表示“到目前为止”，是现在完成时的标志词，现在完成时的结构是“have/ has+过去分词”，主语Jiangkou是单数，所以用has。 故填has exported。
【变式1-3】（浙江省杭州学军中学（紫金港校区）2025-2026学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题节选）
It’s not the first time that small cities 3 (become) an instant hit during public holidays, such as Zibo in Shandong province, which went viral among tourists because of the city’s delicious barbecue, as more Chinese travelers have shown an increasing interest in exploring niche destinations in order to avoid huge crowds of people.
【答案】have become
【详解】考查时态。句意：这已经不是小城市第一次在公共假期迅速走红了，比如山东省的淄博，因为这座城市美味的烧烤而在游客中疯传，因为越来越多的中国游客表现出对探索小众目的地的兴趣，以避开巨大的人群。“It is/was the+序数词+time+that...”是固定句型，主句中用is时，从句用现在完成时态，主句用was时，从句用过去完成时态；主句中是is，且从句主语small cities是复数名词，从句用现在完成时态have become。故填have become。
考向02 语态考点
【例2-1】(2026届湖南省湘潭市第一中学高三第一次教学质量测试英语试题节选)
This includes guidelines that 1 (issue) in 2017, calling for the preservation of heritage and the integration of traditional culture into daily life.
【答案】were issued
【详解】考查动词时态与语态。句意：这其中就包括2017年出台的指导方针，该方针呼吁保护文化遗产，并推动传统文化融入日常生活。此处为定语从句的谓语部分，根据时间状语“in 2017”可知，句子需用一般过去时，“guidelines”与“issue”之间是被动关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态“were issued”。故填were issued。
【例2-2】(湖南省长沙市长郡中学2025-2026学年高三上学期月考（五）英语试题节选)
The drinking of matcha originated from ancient China, and 2 (introduce) to Japan later. Today, China has become the world's largest matcha producer and consumer.
【答案】was introduced
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：抹茶的饮用起源于古代中国，后来被引入日本。The drinking of matcha与introduce之间是被动关系，即“饮用抹茶被引入日本”，且事情发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was introduced。
【例2-3】(2026届浙江省宁波市镇海区镇海中学高三首考模拟考试英语试题节选)
Pantaleoni sees a shared sensibility between Italy’s wine traditions and China’s long agricultural heritage. “We both guide nature with a patient hand, whether crafting wine or tea, understanding that true quality cannot 1 (rush).” Her wines, she says, are meant to speak honestly of their origins; something she hopes resonates with Chinese drinkers.
【答案】be rushed
【详解】考查情态动词的被动语态。句意：她说：“我们都以耐心之手引导自然，无论是酿造葡萄酒还是茶，都明白真正的品质是无法急于求成的。”空处在情态动词cannot后，应接动词原形。所给动词rush为“催促，匆忙”之意，主语true quality与rush之间构成被动关系，应使用被动语态be rushed。故填be rushed。
【变式2-1】(湖北省武汉中学2025-2026学年高三上学期元月月考英语试题节选)
Thus, this ancient cultural heritage 3 (blend) into modern life deeply so far.
【答案】has been blended
【详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：因此，这种古老的文化遗产至今已经深深地融入了现代生活。时间状语 so far（到目前为止）是现在完成时的标志，主语 this ancient cultural heritage和blend是被动关系，需用被动语态，主语是单数，助动词用has。故填has been blended。
【变式2-2】(2026届重庆市九龙坡区四川外国语大学附属外国语学校高三上学期一模英语试题节选)
Mohe is the northernmost city in China. Temperatures here can fall to -53℃, and the land 2 (cover) by ice and snow for nearly six months each year. However, Mohe has been turning its“cold resources” into a“hot economy.”
【答案】is covered
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：这里的气温会降至零下53摄氏度，而且这片土地每年有将近六个月的时间被冰雪覆盖。主语land与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文Mohe is the northernmost city in China.可知为一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填is covered。
【变式2-3】(2026届西南名校联盟“3+3+3”高考备考诊断性联考（一）英语试卷节选)
Once, Gao 3 (task) with welding a key rocket part. The tolerance was only 0.01 mm.
【答案】was tasked
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：有一次，高凤林受命焊接一个火箭关键部件。此空考查谓语动词，句子描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时；“Gao”与“task”为被动关系，主语为单数。故填was tasked。
考向03 主谓一致考点
【例3-1】(安徽省六安市毛坦厂中学2025-2026学年高三上学期1月综合素质检测英语试题节选)
At the Harbin Ice-Snow World, a park dedicated to the Games, visitors 1 (treat) with a splendid drone show for the Chinese New Year.
【答案】were treated
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在专门为本次赛事打造的哈尔滨冰雪大世界里，游客们在春节期间欣赏到了精彩的无人机表演，公园里有许多节日主题的冰雕，其中包括用冰雕刻的汉字“福”。本句在描述过去的事实，所以空处谓语动词需用一般过去时，主语是复数visitors，与谓语动词treat之间是被动关系，所以空处需用一般过去时的被动语态，故填were treated。
【例3-2】（辽宁省县级重点高中协作体2025-2026学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题节选）
Tai Chi, or Taijiquan, 2 (be) a centuries-old Chinese martial art (武术) with almost 400 years of history, which is characterized by slow, graceful (grace) movements paired with deep breathing and mindfulness.
【答案】is
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：太极拳是一项有着近400年历史的中国传统武术，其特点是舒缓优美的动作，配以深呼吸和专注的意念。此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语Tai Chi为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用is。故填is。
【例3-3】(湖北省荆州中学2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题节选)
According to the provincial transportation department, to date half of the world’s 100 tallest bridges 5 (rise) from its valleys.
【答案】have risen
【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：据省交通厅介绍，迄今为止，世界前100座最高桥梁中有一半坐落于贵州的山谷之间。根据时间状语to date（迄今为止）可知，此处应用现在完成时；主语half of the world’s 100 tallest bridges为复数，助动词用have。故填have risen。
【变式3-1】（江西省南昌市第二中学2025-2026学年高三上学期周练（四）英语试题节选）
During these months, the sudden success of the game, developed by a private Chinese company over six years, 1 (allow) people to appreciate Chinese traditional culture in addition to the fun of playing the game.
【答案】has allowed/allowed
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：过去几个月，这款由中国民企耗时六年开发的游戏突然成功，不仅让玩家享受游戏乐趣，更让人们领略到中国传统文化。空处作句子的谓语，结合“During these months”可知，时态可现在完成时，表示过去的动作持续到现在，且主语the sudden success是单数，助动词应用has。或看作陈述过去一段时间内发生的动作，强调事实，用一般过去时。故填has allowed/allowed。
【变式3-2】（江西省南昌市第二中学2025-2026学年高三上学期英语周练（七）节选）
International Nurses Day is an annual celebration of the vital work and role of nurses around the world. The event, which was first marked in 1965, 2 (create) by the International Council of Nurses.
【答案】was created
【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这件事是由国际护士理事会创办的，于1965年首次被庆祝。空处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语in 1965可知，应使用一般过去时，且主语The event和动词create之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语是单数，故填was created。
【变式3-3】（黑龙江省牡丹江市第一高级中学2025-2026学年高三上学期月考英语试题节选）
Three-fifths of the school’s outdoor sports facilities, including the basketball courts and tennis courts, __________ （be）damaged in the recent storm.
【答案】were
【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意:学校五分之三的户外运动设施，包括篮球场和网球场，在最近的暴风雨中被损坏了。分析句子结构可知，句子主语是"Three-fths of the school'soutdoor sports facilities"，为分数短语作主语，其请语动词的单复数形式取决于分数后面的名词，"outdoor sports facilities"为复数名词，所以谓语动词应用复数形式。时间状语 "in the recent storm"表示过去的具体时间，应用一般过去时were。
A
（云南省多校2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题）
On the streets of Shanghai, you can often see a young French woman leading a group of tourists around the city on citywalks, 1 (introduce) its history and culture to them in Chinese, English, and French.
The 29-year-old woman is Le Guernic, 2 story with China began back in 2008, when she chose Chinese as her second foreign language. A short study trip to China during high school left a deep impression 3 her. She later returned in 2015 as an exchange student at Fudan University in Shanghai. After graduation, she made the city her permanent home 4 started her own cultural company, which focuses on lesser-known spots or untold stories hidden in popular areas.
Over the past five years, Le Guernic 5 (develop) more than 30 original walking routes through 6 (extension) research. She spends hours digging through century-old archives (档案) and speaking with elderly 7 (resident) to deepen her understanding of local culture. Once she designs a route, she walks it repeatedly 8 (improve) the storyline. Most of her walking routes win 9 (popular) among both French-speaking visitors and Chinese tourists.
“Born in France, made in China.” This is Le Guernic’s brief introduction on social media. “I can’t say I 10 (true) know China because the country is so big, but I hope I can help more people know about Chinese culture and history,” she said.
【答案】
1．introducing 2．whose 3．on 4．and 5．has developed 6．extensive 7．residents 8．to improve 9．popularity 10．truly
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了一位在上海生活工作的法国年轻女性Le Guernic，她通过深入的调查研究开发了30多条城市漫步路线，向游客介绍上海的历史文化，并希望帮助更多人了解中国文化。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：在上海街头，你经常可以看到一位年轻的法国女性带领一群游客在城市漫步，用中文、英文和法文向他们介绍这座城市的历史和文化。空格处的动词introduce在句中作伴随状语，与逻辑主语“a young French woman”之间是主动关系，应使用现在分词形式。故填introducing。
2．考查定语从句。句意：这位29岁的女性就是Le Guernic，她与中国的故事始于2008年，当时她选择了中文作为她的第二外语。空格处引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“Le Guernic”，且在从句中作定语修饰名词“story”，表示“她的……故事”，应使用关系代词whose。故填whose。
3．考查固定短语。句意：高中时期一次短暂的中国学习之旅给她留下了深刻的印象。leave a deep impression on sb为固定短语，意为“给某人留下深刻印象”。故填on。
4．考查连词。句意：毕业后，她将这座城市作为永久家园，并创办了自己的文化公司，该公司专注于发掘热门地区隐藏的鲜为人知的地点或不为人知的故事。分析句子结构，“made the city her permanent home(将这座城市作为永久家园)”和“started her own cultural company(创办了自己的文化公司)”两句之间为并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。
5．考查时态。句意：在过去的五年里，Le Guernic通过广泛的研究开发了30多条原创步行路线。根据时间状语“Over the past five years”可知，动作从过去持续到现在并对现在产生影响，应使用现在完成时，主语为第三人称单数。故填has developed。
6．考查形容词。句意：同上。空格处的词修饰名词“research”作定语，应使用形容词形式。故填extensive。
7．考查名词。句意：她花数小时翻阅百年档案，并与年长的居民交谈，以加深对当地文化的了解。resident是可数名词，且前无冠词限定，根据“elderly(年长的)”可知此处为泛指，应使用复数形式泛指“居民们”。故填residents。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：一旦设计好一条路线，她会反复行走以完善故事情节。空格处表示“行走”这一动作的目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to improve。
9．考查名词。句意：她的大多数步行路线在法语游客和中国游客中都很受欢迎。空格位于动词win之后，应填入名词作宾语。故填popularity。
10．考查副词。句意：“我不能说我真正了解中国，因为这个国家太大了，但我希望我能帮助更多人了解中国的文化和历史，”她说。空格处修饰动词“know”，应使用副词形式作状语。故填truly。
B
（河北省唐山市十校2025-2026学年高三上学期12月期中英语试题）
A special English-language play, The Peony Pavilion, was put on for the first time in Asia in Fuzhou, China. This play is a famous Chinese story 1 (pen) by Tang Xianzu, adapted by the University of Birmingham. It was a historic moment, connecting Eastern and Western culture.
The performance was part of an event celebrating the 475th anniversary of Tang Xianzu’s birth. 2 (interesting), Tang Xianzu and William Shakespeare, 3 works talk about similar ideas like love and fate, lived at the same time and both died in 1616, but they never met.
At the same event, parts of Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream and Tang’s The Dream of Nanke 4 (perform) on the same stage. This created a beautiful conversation between the two great 5 (writer) across time and space. A special television show even had actors playing Tang and Shakespeare, 6 (show) how their stories about love share much 7 (similar).
The English version of The Peony Pavilion was very successful in cross-cultural exchange. The cast included actors from China, Ireland, and the US. They used some styles from Western theatre 8 (help) English-speaking audiences understand and enjoy 9 Chinese classic. This was not just a translation, 10 a new creative work. As one actor said, over 400 years ago, Tang and Shakespeare looked at the same moon while they wrote. Today, their stories continue to connect us, proving that great art has no borders.
【答案】
1．penned 2．Interestingly 3．whose 4．were performed 5．writers 6．showing 7．similarity 8．to help 9．the 10．but
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，讲述了英文版《牡丹亭》在亚洲首演的文化意义。文章通过汤显祖与莎士比亚的跨时空对话，展现了中西方文化的交流与融合，并指出艺术在连接不同文明中的重要作用。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：这部剧是由汤显祖创作的中国经典故事，经伯明翰大学改编而成。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，pen（撰写）与逻辑主语a famous Chinese story之间是被动关系（故事被撰写），应用过去分词penned。故填penned。
2．考查副词。句意：有趣的是，汤显祖与威廉·莎士比亚生活在同一时代，均于1616年逝世，但其作品都探讨了爱与命运等相似主题，两人却从未谋面。此处修饰整个句子，应用副词形式，interesting的副词为Interestingly，意为“有趣的是”，句首首字母大写。故填Interestingly。
3．考查定语从句。句意：有趣的是，汤显祖与威廉·莎士比亚生活在同一时代，均于1616年逝世，但其作品都探讨了爱与命运等相似主题，两人却从未谋面。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Tang Xianzu and William Shakespeare，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰works（作品），应用关系代词whose，表“……的”。故填whose。
4．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在同一活动中，莎士比亚的《仲夏夜之梦》与汤显祖的《南柯记》片段在同一舞台上上演。根据上下文语境，此处描述过去发生的事件，应用一般过去时；主语parts of Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream and Tang’s The Dream of Nanke与perform之间是被动关系（作品被上演），所以用一般过去时的被动语态；主语为复数概念，故填were performed。
5．考查名词复数。句意：这促成了两位伟大作家跨越时空的美好对话。此处由two great修饰，应用名词writer的复数形式writers，指代汤显祖与莎士比亚。故填writers。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：一档特别电视节目甚至安排演员扮演汤显祖与莎士比亚，展现他们关于爱情的故事有着诸多相似之处。此处为非谓语动词作伴随状语，show（展现）与逻辑主语a special television show之间是主动关系，应用现在分词showing。故填showing。
7．考查名词。句意：一档特别电视节目甚至安排演员扮演汤显祖与莎士比亚，展现他们关于爱情的故事有着诸多相似之处。此处作share的宾语，应用名词形式，similar的名词为similarity，意为“相似之处”，为不可数名词，前面有much修饰。故填similarity。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们融入了一些西方戏剧风格，以帮助英语国家观众理解并欣赏这部中国经典。此处应用不定式作目的状语，说明“融入西方戏剧风格”的目的是“帮助观众理解”，故填to help。
9．考查冠词。句意：他们融入了一些西方戏剧风格，以帮助英语国家观众理解并欣赏这部中国经典。此处特指前文提到的《牡丹亭》这部中国经典剧目，应用定冠词the表特指。故填the。
10．考查连词。句意：这不仅仅是一次翻译，更是一部全新的创意作品。此处为固定搭配“not just...but...”，意为“不仅……而且……”。故填but。
C
（2026届上海市崇明区高三英语一模英语试题试题）
Beijing Hosts the World’s First-ever Humanoid (像人的) Robot Half Marathon
Running is for everyone — and everything, as it now happens. That’s 1 China has just staged a half marathon where humans weren’t the only participants. In addition to about 12,000 living, breathing runners, this race also welcomed 21 humanoid robots to its start line.
This half marathon, which took place in Beijing on Saturday, 2 (believe) to be the first running event of its kind and a landmark moment for the Chinese robotics industry. 3 the humans and robots ran along separate tracks, likely for safety reasons which you’ll appreciate better in a moment, it was the first time that these two types of participants 4 (take) part in the same race.And it proved that bipedal (两腿行走的) robots can run a significant distance in real-world conditions.
However, the robots’ performances on race day were chaotic. One robot fell at the starting line and stayed down for several minutes. 5 ran into a fence after just a few meters. Only six of the 21 competing robots, all of 6 had to be bipedal rather than on wheels, successfully completed the course. The best of the bunch was a humanoid called Tiangong Ultra, 7 (develop) by the Beijing Humanoid Robot Innovation Center, which won the robot race in 2 hours and 40 minutes. Even better, Tiangong Ultra crossed the finish line 8 the human cut-off time of three hours and 10 minutes. It made it the only robot 9 (qualify) for a human participation award. It was the tallest robot in the field, too, 10 (tower) over many human adults at nearly six feet (about 1.8 meters). By contrast, the shortest robot participant — which wore a blue and white tracksuit and waved at people every few seconds — was just 2.5 feet (about 0.76 meters) tall.
【答案】
1．because 2．is believed 3．Although/Though/While 4．had taken 5．Another 6．which 7．developed 8．before/within 9．to qualify/to be qualified 10．towering
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了北京举办首届人形机器人半程马拉松的赛事情况。
1．考查连词。句意：这是因为中国刚刚举办了一场半程马拉松比赛，人类并不是唯一的参赛者。前文“Running is for everyone — and everything”提出观点，后文“China has just staged a half marathon where humans weren’t the only participants”解释该现象的原因，空处应用连词because引导表语从句，构成固定句型“That’s because...”，意为“这是因为……”。故填because。
2．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这场半程马拉松于周六在北京举行，被认为是此类赛事中的首场，也是中国机器人产业的一个里程碑时刻。空处作谓语，句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，believe和主语This half marathon之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语This half marathon是单数，be动词应用is。故填is believed。
3．考查连词。句意：尽管出于安全原因，人类和机器人分别在不同的赛道上奔跑（这一点你很快就会更清楚），但这是这两类参赛者首次参加同一场比赛。前半句“人类和机器人分道跑”与后半句“首次同场竞技”是让步转折关系，空处应用连词although/though/while引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”，句首单词首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。
4．考查动词时态。句意：尽管出于安全原因，人类和机器人分别在不同的赛道上奔跑（这一点你很快就会更清楚），但这是这两类参赛者首次参加同一场比赛。it was the first time that...为固定句型，意为“这是某人第一次……”，that从句中的谓语动词应用过去完成时。故填had taken。
5．考查代词。句意：另一个机器人在仅仅跑了几米后就撞到了围栏上。根据上文“One robot fell at the starting line and stayed down for several minutes.”可知，此处表示“另一个机器人”，应用代词another，泛指三者或三者以上中的另一个，句首单词首字母大写。故填Another。
6．考查定语从句。句意：在21个参赛机器人中，只有6个成功完成了比赛，所有这些机器人都必须是两足行走的，而不是轮式的。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词six of the 21 competing robots，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：其中表现最好的是一款名为“天工Ultra”的人形机器人，由北京人形机器人创新中心开发，以2小时40分钟的成绩赢得了机器人组冠军。空处作非谓语动词，develop和逻辑主语a humanoid called Tiangong Ultra之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填developed。
8．考查介词。句意：更好的是，“天工Ultra”在人类设定的3小时10分钟截止时间之前（在3小时10分钟内）冲过了终点线。根据空后“the human cut-off time of three hours and 10 minutes”可知，此处表示“在……之前”或“在……之内”，应用介词before“在……之前”或within“在……之内”。故填before/within。
9．考查非谓语动词。句意：这使它成为唯一有资格获得人类参与奖的机器人。空处为非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词robot，当名词有the only修饰，其后用不定式作后置定语，qualify“符合”和robot之间可以是主动关系，强调机器人自身符合获奖条件，可用to qualify；也可用不定式的被动形式to be qualified，强调机器人被官方授予资格。故填to qualify/to be qualified。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：它也是赛场上最高的机器人，身高近6英尺（约1.8米），比许多成年人都高。空处作非谓语动词，动词tower“高耸；高出”和逻辑主语It（指代前文的机器人）之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填towering。
D
（2026届云南省2026届云南省多校联盟高三第二次联考模拟预测英语试题）
Increase your productivity. This is 1 AI tools attract its users. However, despite hopes that the technology will improve the 2 (efficient) of work, not everyone is on board.
According to BBC, 59 percent of men aged 18 to 65 around the world use generative AI at least once a week, compared 3 51 percent of women. The gender gap is even 4 (wide) among younger people; 71 percent of men and 59 percent of women aged 18 to 24 use generative AI weekly. Why are women less open to AI than men
According to AI expert Jodie Cook, this gap reflects the underrepresentation of women in STEM fields (science, technology, engineering and mathematics). “For ages, STEM fields 5 (lead) by males. The current pattern in the use of AI tools appears 6 (mirror) this difference,” Cook told the BBC．
Certain patterns in female thinking might also play 7 role. In a survey of 486 students, 8 (divide) by academic performance, researchers found that high-performing female students were more likely to use ChatGPT only when it had been allowed by their professor. “It’s the idea that I have to do it on my own without 9 (take) shortcuts,” Cook explained.
For some experts, women’s reluctance (不情愿) to use AI is troubling, as it could lead to technology being designed more for men. Others, however, are less alarmed, pointing out that AI may right now act more as a “digital toy”, and women may 10 (simple) be better at avoiding distractions.
【答案】
1．how 2．efficiency 3．with 4．wider 5．have been led 6．to mirror 7．a 8．divided 9．taking 10．simply
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，探讨了在使用人工智能工具方面存在的性别差异现象，即男性使用人工智能工具的比例高于女性，分析了造成这种差异的原因，包括女性在STEM领域代表性不足以及女性思维模式等因素，同时也提及了专家们对女性使用人工智能工具意愿较低这一现象的不同看法。
1．考查表语从句。句意：这就是人工智能工具吸引用户的方式。is后面为表语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，结合语境，此处表示方式，所以用连接副词how引导表语从句。故填how。
2．考查名词。句意：然而，尽管人们希望这项技术能提高工作效率，但并非所有人都支持。根据空前的“the”以及空后的“of work”可知，此处需要用名词形式，efficient的名词是efficiency，意为“效率”。故填efficiency。
3．考查介词。句意：据英国广播公司报道，全球18岁至65岁的男性中，59%的人每周至少使用一次生成式人工智能，而女性这一比例为51%。此处为固定搭配compared with，表示“与……相比”。故填with。
4．考查形容词比较级。句意：年轻人中的性别差距更大；18岁至24岁的男性中，71%的人每周使用生成式人工智能，女性这一比例为59%。根据空前的even以及语境可知，此处表示与前文情况相比，年轻人中的性别差距更大，所以用形容词wide的比较级wider。故填wider。
5．考查动词时态和语态。句意：长期以来，STEM领域一直由男性主导。根据时间状语“For ages”可知，此处强调从过去一直持续到现在的动作，应用现在完成时，且主语STEM fields与lead之间是被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态“have/has been +过去分词”，主语是复数，故填have been led。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：目前人工智能工具使用上的模式似乎反映了这种差异。此处为固定搭配appear to do sth.，表示“似乎做某事”，所以用动词不定式to mirror。故填to mirror。
7．考查冠词。句意：女性思维中的某些模式可能也起了作用。此处为固定搭配play a role，表示“起作用”。故填a。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：在一项对486名按学业成绩划分的学生的调查中，研究人员发现，成绩优异的女学生更有可能只有在教授允许的情况下才使用ChatGPT。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，students与divide之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词divided。故填divided。
9．考查非谓语动词。句意：“这种想法就是我必须靠自己完成，不能走捷径，”库克解释道。空前为介词without，所以此处用动名词形式taking作宾语。故填taking。
10．考查副词。句意：然而，另一些人则不那么担忧，他们指出，人工智能目前可能更像是一个“数字玩具”，而女性可能只是更善于避免分心。此处修饰句子，应用副词simply，意为“仅仅，只是”。故填simply。
E
（2026届浙江省绍兴市高三上学期一模英语试卷）
Dongjiao Minxiang is a historically significant hutong located in Beijing, China. 1 (Stretch) about 1,500 meters, it lies to the east of Tian’ ammen Square and has developed into a blend of cultural heritage and modern commerce.
Originaling in the Yuan Dynasty, it served initially 2 a strategic trade and supply center, later becoming a diplomatic (外交的) hub during the Second Opium War, 3 the hutong opened its doors to diplomats from different countries. This period 4 (witness) the construction of numerous Western-style buildings. 5 in the mid-20th century, diplomats were relocated to the Sanlitum area. Despite these changes, Dongjiao Minxiang keeps its architectural and historical legacy through its 6 (preserve) buildings and cultural landmarks.
Over the years, Dongjiao Minxiang 7 (transform) into a dynamic area, home to both high-end restaurants and common shops, offering a wide array of food and shopping experiences. The hutong’s history is closely associated with significant events and transitions in Beijing, making it 8 fascinating subject for historians and visitors interested in the architectural and cultural evolution of the capital. Its significance lies in its 9 (continue) adaptation, which makes it not just a historical site, but one of the active 10 (participate) in Beijing’s ongoing urban narrative, offering insights into China’s engagement with global influences across centuries.
【答案】
1．Stretching 2．as 3．when 4．witnessed 5．Later 6．preserved 7．has been transformed/has transformed 8．a 9．continuous 10．participants
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了北京东交民巷胡同的历史演变、文化意义及现代发展。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：东交民巷是中国北京一条具有重要历史意义的胡同，长约1500米，位于天安门广场东侧，现已发展成为文化遗产与现代商业的融合体。空处需用非谓语动词作状语，动词stretch与主句主语it之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词stretching作状语，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Stretching。
2．考查介词。句意：它起源于元朝，最初是一个战略性的贸易和供应中心，后来在第二次鸦片战争期间成为一个外交中心，当时胡同向来自不同国家的外交官敞开了大门。serve as是固定短语，意为“作为，充当”，所以空处需用介词as。故填as。
3．考查定语从句。句意：同上。空处需用关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the Second Opium War，指时间，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，所以空处需用关系副词when引导定语从句。故填when。
4．考查时态。句意：这一时期见证了许多西式建筑的建造。根据时间状语This period可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时，表示过去发生的事情，witness的过去式是witnessed。故填witnessed。
5．考查副词。句意：句意：后来在 20 世纪中期，外交官们被迁往三里屯地区。前文叙述东交民巷在第二次鸦片战争期间成为外交枢纽的历史，空后讲述后续的外交官迁移事件，需用副词体现时间上的先后承接关系。later作副词时意为 “后来、随后”，符合语境。故填Later。
6．考查形容词。句意：尽管发生了这些变化，东交民巷仍通过其保存完好的建筑和文化地标保留了其建筑和历史遗产。空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词buildings，preserve的形容词是preserved“保存完好的”。故填preserved。
7．考查时态和语态。句意：多年来，东交民巷已经变成了一个充满活力的地区，既有高档餐厅，也有普通商店，提供了各种各样的食物和购物体验。根据时间状语Over the years可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，因为表示被改变，所以空处谓语动词需用现在完成时的被动语态：have/has been done，主语是单数Dongjiao Minxiang，所以空处助动词需用has。主语Dongjiao Minxiang虽为地点，但在语境中可视为“转变”这一动作的逻辑执行者（体现区域自身的发展变化），此时可用主动语态。故填has been transformed/has transformed。
8．考查冠词。句意：胡同的历史与北京的重大事件和变迁密切相关，使其成为对首都建筑和文化演变感兴趣的历史学家和游客的迷人主题。此处表示“一个迷人的主题”，表示泛指，所以空处需用不定冠词a/an，fascinating是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以空处需用不定冠词a。故填a。
9．考查形容词。句意：它的意义在于它不断的适应，这不仅使它成为一个历史遗址，而且是北京正在进行的城市叙事中的一个积极参与者，提供了对中国几个世纪以来与全球影响的接触的了解。空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词adaptation，continue的形容词是continuous“不断的”。故填continuous。
10．考查名词复数。句意：同上。one of the+形容词+名词复数，表示“……之一”，固定搭配，所以空处需用名词复数participants。故填participants。
F
（河北省河北十六校高三联考2025-2026学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题）
During White Dew, or Bai Lu, the summer heat gradually fades, and the weather turns cooler. With 1 (great) differences between day and night temperatures than those of the hottest day, moisture in the air condenses into dewdrops (露珠) — hence the name “White Dew”.
In ancient times, people 2 (divide) the 15 days of White Dew into three phases: First, wild geese arrive; second, swallows return south; third, birds begin to store food. Migratory birds are highly sensitive 3 temperature changes, and the ancient Chinese observed that by White Dew, geese, swallows, and other species start their southward journey in search of warmer lands, while many birds begin storing food for the winter.
Around this time, the Northern Hemisphere enters the peak of bird migration. The Taihu Lake area in Suzhou, 4 (recognize) as an internationally important wetland along the East Asia-Australasia migratory route, 5 (absolute) lives up to its name as a “paradise for migratory birds”. Flocks travel southward along major flyways, crossing continents to overwinter in warmer regions. 6 (protect) these ecosystems, China has passed a Wetland Conservation Law, strengthening the conservation of 82 internationally significant wetlands 7 protecting habitats for migratory birds — an important contribution to global biodiversity.
Customs of White Dew mostly revolve around the idea of “nourishing(滋养)with dew”, 8 rooted in agricultural society. Ancient people believed that with the weather turning cooler, the body was more likely to suffer autumn 9 (dry). To deal with this, they consumed nourishing foods such as longans and tremella mushrooms. This tradition continues today, 10 (reflect) the harmonious relationship between humans and nature.
【答案】
1．greater 2．divided 3．to 4．recognized 5．absolutely 6．To protect 7．and 8．which 9．dryness 10．reflecting
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍白露时节的气候特点、古人划分的三候，提及太湖区域是候鸟天堂及中国的湿地保护举措，还讲述白露“以露滋养”的习俗及传承意义。
1．考查比较级。句意：由于白天和夜晚的温差比最热的那天的温差还要大，空气中的水分会凝结成露珠——这就是“白露”得名的原因。根据后文than those of the hottest day可知为比较级。故填greater。
2．考查时态。句意：古代，人们将白露节气的15天分为三候：一候鸿雁来，二候玄鸟归，三候群鸟养羞。根据上文In ancient times可知发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填divided。
3．考查介词。句意：候鸟对温度变化极为敏感，古代中国人观察到，在白露时节，大雁、燕子等鸟类便开始向南迁徙，寻找更温暖的栖息地，而许多鸟类也开始储备过冬的食物。短语be sensitive to表示“对……敏感”。故填to。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：苏州的太湖地区被认定为东亚-澳大拉西亚候鸟迁徙路线上的一个国际重要湿地，确实名副其实地成为“候鸟的天堂”。句中已有谓语动词“ lives up to”，故空处缺非谓语动词，此处recognize与the Taihu Lake area构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填recognized。
5．考查副词。句意：苏州的太湖地区被认定为东亚-澳大拉西亚候鸟迁徙路线上的一个国际重要湿地，确实名副其实地成为“候鸟的天堂”。修饰动词短语live up to用副词absolutely。故填absolutely。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了保护这些生态系统，中国已颁布了《湿地保护法》，加强了对82处具有国际重要性的湿地的保护，并为候鸟的栖息地提供了保护——这是对全球生物多样性的重要贡献。此处protect作目的状语，用不定式，首字母大写。故填To protect。
7．考查连词。句意：为了保护这些生态系统，中国已颁布了《湿地保护法》，加强了对82处具有国际重要性的湿地的保护，并为候鸟的栖息地提供了保护——这是对全球生物多样性的重要贡献。“strengthening the conservation...”与“protecting habitats...”是并列关系，用并列连词and连接。故填and。
8．考查定语从句。句意：白露节气的习俗主要围绕“以露滋养”这一理念展开，这一理念源于农业社会。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，用which。故填which。
9．考查名词。句意：古人认为，随着天气转凉，人体更容易遭受秋季的干燥之害。作动词的宾语，用名词dryness。故填dryness。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：这一传统一直延续至今，体现了人类与自然之间的和谐关系。此处为非谓语动词作伴随状语，this tradition与reflect是主动关系，用现在分词。故填reflecting。
G
（2025届江西省重点中学盟校高三下学期第一次联考英语试题）
Thousands of years ago, texts appeared on animal bones, bronzes, bamboo slips, and silk brocades(织锦) 1 they were written on paper. But now these ancient Chinese texts have a “new container” in the modern age. Recently, a research team from Nanjing Agricultural University has rolled 2 Xunzi, a large language model (LLM) and Xunzi Chat in 3 (associate) with Gulian, a leading ancient Chinese text publisher. Wang Dongbo,the leader of the research team, said that the large language model 4 (name) after Xunzi because Xunzi was not only 5 acknowledged Confucian philosopher during the late Warring States Period (475-221BC), but also a pioneer in presenting and explaining theories of linguistics in ancient China. When 6 (ask) why he and his partners made the large language model, Wang explained that “traditional Chinese characters, vertical layout (竖版), the absence of pausing and punctuation (句读) are all obstacles 7 readers have to overcome when they read traditional texts”. 8 (create) Xunzi the LLM, Wang and his partners first needed to do a lot of research.
Since 2013, his team has worked 9 (tire) to digitize Chinese classics like the Siku Quanshu, or the Complete Library in Four Sections. “The hard work involves a large-scale corpus (语料库) of two billion Chinese characters, and 10 has laid a solid foundation for the large language model,” said Wang.
【答案】
1．before 2．out 3．association 4．was named 5．an 6．asked 7．that 8．To create 9．tirelessly 10．it
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。本文主要讲述了南京农业大学的一个研究团队与古联公司合作，推出了以荀子命名的大型语言模型“荀子”及荀子聊天工具，旨在克服阅读传统古籍时的障碍，并介绍了团队自2013年以来在数字化中国古典文献方面所做的努力。
1．考查连词。句意：数千年前，文字出现在动物骨头、青铜器、竹简和丝绸织锦上，在它们被写在纸上之前。可知，设空处使用连词连接前后两个句子，此处表示“在……之前”，即这些古老的文字载体出现在纸上之前用before引导时间状语从句。故填before。
2．考查动词短语。句意：最近，南京农业大学的一个研究团队推出了荀子，这是一个大型语言模型（LLM），并与领先的中国古代文本出版商古联合推出了荀子聊天。此处表示“推出”用roll out，符合语境。故填out。
3．考查名词。句意：同上。设空处使用名词作宾语，associate的名词形式为association，意为“联合，合作”，in association with意为“与……合作”符合题意。故填association。
4．考查动词时态和语态。句意：该语言模型以荀子命名，因为荀子不仅是战国时期晚期公认的儒家哲学家，而且是中国古代语言学理论阐述的先驱。可知，此处陈述的是过去的事情，且主语the large language model与谓语动词name构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为单数名词，故be动词用was。故填was named。
5．考查冠词。句意：同上。句中philosopher为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指，且acknowledged为元音音素开头的单词，故用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：当被问及他和他的伙伴为什么要制作这个大型语言模型时，王解释说：“传统汉字、竖排、缺少停顿和标点都是读者在阅读传统文本时必须克服的障碍。”可知，此处为省略了when引导的时间状语从句中的主语和be动词的状语从句的省略式，即当从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，可省略从句的主语和be动词。主语Wang与ask构成被动关系。故填asked。
7．考查定语从句。句意：同上。设空处引导定语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，修饰先行词obstacles，先行词前面有不定代词all进行限定，故使用that引导。故填that。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了创建荀子大型语言模型，王和他的伙伴首先需要做大量的研究。句中needed为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处表示目的，故使用不定式结构作状语。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填To create。
9．考查副词。句意：自2013年以来，他的团队一直在不知疲倦地将《四库全书》等中国古典文献数字化。可知，此处修饰动词worked，应用副词形式，tire的副词为tirelessly，意为“不知疲倦地”。故填tirelessly。
10．考查代词。句意：王说：“这项艰苦的工作涉及到一个包含20亿个汉字的大型语料库，它为大型语言模型奠定了坚实的基础。”设空处使用代词作主语，此处用it作主语，指代前文的“艰苦的工作”。故填it。
H
（2025届西南名校联盟“ 3+3+3”高考备考诊断性联考（四）英语试卷）
In the 17th century, there was frequent trade between Britain and China. The upper class in Britain were fond 1 Chinese goods like silk, tea, and paintings. Patterns of traditional Chinese architecture, such as pavilions and pagodas (宝塔), were often painted on these goods, giving the British 2 initial visual impression of Chinese architecture.
Western 3 (traveler) often came to China in the 17th century. Their records of the natural and cultural scenery 4 (make) the British have a more specific understanding of Chinese gardens at that time.
Some British garden designers 5 (influence) by the “natural” layout of Chinese gardens at that time. William Chambers built the Chinese Pagoda in Kew Gardens, 6 was modeled after the Porcelain Tower of Nanjing, 7 (bring) the “Chinese style” of British gardens to a climax.
The Chinese Pagoda was decorated with 80 8 (wood) dragons, which were once golden, making the pagoda eye-catching. However, as time passed, the pagoda got damaged, and the dragons were taken away.
In 2016, a 9 (restore) began. After two years of hard work, the pagoda was finally restored to its former beauty. Now, the Chinese Pagoda stands as a symbol of cultural exchange between China and the UK 10 it attracts numerous visitors, who come to appreciate its beauty per year.
【答案】
1．of 2．an 3．travelers 4．made 5．were influenced 6．which 7．bringing 8．wooden 9．restoration 10．and
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了17世纪起，中国建筑风格借贸易、旅行者传入英国，英国邱园内的中国宝塔历经建造、损毁与修复，如今成为中英文化交流的重要象征。
1．考查介词。句意：英国上流社会热衷于中国商品，如丝绸、茶叶和绘画。be fond of是固定短语，意为“喜欢”。故填of。
2．考查冠词。句意：这些商品上常绘有亭子、宝塔等中国传统建筑图案，为英国人提供了对中国建筑的初步视觉印象。空处表示泛指，意为“一次初步视觉印象”，应用不定冠词，且initial的发音以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。
3．考查名词的数。句意：17世纪时，西方旅行者常到访中国。空处作主语，被Western修饰，且空前没有表示单数概念的修饰语，可数名词traveler“旅行者”应用复数形式，表泛指。故填travelers。
4．考查动词时态。句意：他们对自然与人文景观的记录，让英国人对中国园林有了更具体的了解。空处作句子的谓语，根据前一句内容可知，此处也在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时。故填made。
5．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：一些英国园林设计师受到当时中国园林“自然”布局的影响。空处作句子的谓语，根据“at that time”可知，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，influence“影响”和主语designers之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数名词，be动词应用were。故填were influenced。
6．考查定语从句。句意：威廉·钱伯斯在邱园建造的中国宝塔，仿照南京大报恩寺琉璃塔而建，将英式园林的“中国风”推向高潮。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词the Chinese Pagoda作补充说明，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：威廉·钱伯斯在邱园建造的中国宝塔，仿照南京大报恩寺琉璃塔而建，将英式园林的“中国风”推向高潮。句子主干成分完整，空处表示随着谓语行为自然发生的结果，作结果状语，应用bring的现在分词形式。故填bringing。
8．考查形容词。句意：这座中国宝塔曾装饰着80条木雕的龙，最初为金色，使其格外醒目。空处作修饰dragons的定语，应用形容词wooden，意为“木制的”。故填wooden。
9．考查名词。句意：2016年，修复工程启动。空处作主语，名词restoration符合题意，意为“修复，整修”，空前有不定冠词a，restoration应用单数形式。故填restoration。
10．考查连词。句意：如今，这座中国宝塔作为中英文化交流的象征屹立于此，每年吸引无数游客前来观赏。空处前后均为完整的句子，前后两句是并列关系，因此应用意为“而且，并且”的并列连词and，连接前后句。故填and。
I
（2026届浙江省浙江省“9+1”联盟高三上学期一模联考英语试题）
The Paris Olympics has ignited the sporting passion of people worldwide. Since the Games began, many Chinese brands 1 (take) advantage of the event to expand their global image. The Chinese tea brand Chagee, for example, recently launched a Tea Bar in Paris, 2 (add) a hint of jasmine tea sweetness into the French capital’s air.
Sport is a language that goes 3 borders and cultures, and so is tea. The Chagee Tea Bar featured a range of cultural activities, and among them 4 (be) pitching pots, a game of skill and precision often enjoyed by ancient nobles, 5 cuju, an ancient Chinese ball game widely recognized as the earliest form of football. 6 (play) at banquets where guests took turns to throw arrows, pitching pots provided international guests with a chance to understand ancient Chinese culture.
On the digital front, Chagee’s WeChat ordering page displays 7 (nutrition) values, including calorie content and sweetness levels. This grading method, 8 was first piloted in Shanghai, has now been rolled out across all 9 (it) domestic stores. The practice not only reflects Chagee’s understanding of consumer 10 (need) but also helps the brand get closer to consumers, creating a lifestyle that gives them a sense of belonging.
【答案】
1．have taken 2．adding 3．beyond 4．were 5．and 6．Played 7．nutritional 8．which 9．its 10．needs
【导语】这是一篇说明文。巴黎奥运会期间，众多中国品牌借势拓展全球形象，霸王茶姬在巴黎开茶吧，推出投壶、蹴鞠等文化活动，还通过微信点单营养分级等方式，贴近消费者并传播中国文化。
1．考查时态。句意：自奥运会开幕以来，众多中国品牌都借此机会提升了其在全球的知名度。句中时间状语 “Since the Games began”（自奥运会开幕以来）是现在完成时的标志，主语“many Chinese brands”为复数，助动词用have。故填have taken。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，中国茶叶品牌“霸王茶姬”近期在巴黎开设了一家茶吧，为这座法国首都的空气增添了一丝茉莉茶的甜香气息。逻辑主语Chagee与add是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，故填adding。
3．考查介词。句意：运动是一种超越国界和文化的语言，茶亦是如此。短语go beyond表示“超越”。故填beyond。
4．考查时态。句意：霸王茶姬举办了各种各样的文化活动，其中就包括“投壶”这一游戏，这是一种古代贵族常玩的需要技巧和精准度的游戏，而“蹴鞠”则是中国古代的一种球类运动，被公认为是最早的足球形式。此处为倒装句，主语是后面的“pitching pots... and cuju...”（投壶和蹴鞠两项活动），为复数；结合前文 “featured”（一般过去时），可知用一般过去时，谓语用复数。故填were。
5．考查连词。句意：霸王茶姬举办了各种各样的文化活动，其中就包括“投壶”这一游戏，这是一种古代贵族常玩的需要技巧和精准度的游戏，而“蹴鞠”则是中国古代的一种球类运动，被公认为是最早的足球形式。空格前后是并列关系（投壶和蹴鞠均为茶吧的文化活动），故用并列连词and连接。故填and。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：在这些宴会上，宾客们轮流投掷箭矢，投壶为外国宾客提供了深入了解中国古代文化的契机。此处play与pitching pots构成被动关系，用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Played。
7．考查形容词。句意：在数字化方面，霸王茶姬公司的微信点餐页面会展示产品的营养信息，包括卡路里含量和甜度等级。修饰名词values用形容词nutritional，故填nutritional。
8．考查定语从句。句意：这种评分方法最初在上海市进行了试点，如今已在全国所有门店全面推行。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“This grading method”（这种分级方式），指物，在从句中作主语，故用which引导。故填which。
9．考查代词。句意：这种评分方法最初在上海市进行了试点，如今已在全国所有门店全面推行。修饰名词stores用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
10．考查名词的数。句意：这种做法不仅体现了霸王茶姬对消费者需求的深刻理解，而且有助于该品牌更贴近消费者，营造出一种能让消费者产生归属感的生活方式。“consumer needs”意为“消费者需求”，“need”此处为可数名词，结合语境指多种需求，故用复数形式。故填needs。
J
（2025届江苏省盐城市亭湖区盐城中学高三下学期 5月模拟预测英语试题）
A lace on a dress worn by White House Press Secretary Karoline Leavitt recently 1 (arouse) interest after Chinese workers recognized it as their product, local media outlets reported.
The black lace, part of a Self-Portrait dress made in China, is believed 2 (originate) from Mabu, a town in Wenzhou’s Pingyang county.
Though small in scale, Mabu’s lace industry has been able to thrive through global 3 (integrate). Local firms supply everything from 4 (afford) trims (装饰) to high-end handmade lace for luxury brands. The lace recognized on Leavitt’s dress, a Chanel-style trim priced 5 about 13 yuan (1.78) per yard, reflects the town’s broad reach across the global fashion supply chain.
For decades, Mabu’s lace businesses have been adapting to global demands, 6 (upgrade) technology, following fashion trends from Paris to New York, and accelerating production cycles to serve international markets 7 (efficient). Today, their products are staples of women’s fashion, automotive accessories, and home decor worldwide.
8 challenges like US tariff hikes, local entrepreneurs remain confident, believing that the global demand for beauty and craftsmanship 9 (outweigh) political headwinds. 10 one business owner put it, “The pursuit of beauty will surpass any barrier.”
【答案】
1．has aroused 2．to have originated 3．integration 4．affordable 5．at 6．upgrading 7．efficiently 8．Despite 9．will outweigh 10．As
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了白宫新闻秘书卡罗琳·莱维特最近穿的一件衣服上的蕾丝引发了人们的兴趣，因为中国工人认出这是他们的产品，进而介绍了中国温州平阳县马步镇的蕾丝产业，该产业通过全球一体化蓬勃发展，尽管面临美国关税上调等挑战，当地企业家仍充满信心。
1．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：据当地媒体报道，白宫新闻秘书卡罗琳·莱维特最近穿的一件衣服上的蕾丝引起了中国工人的兴趣，他们认出这是他们的产品。根据时间状语“recently”可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语为A lace，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has aroused。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：这条黑色蕾丝是中国制造的Self-Portrait连衣裙的一部分，据信起源于温州平阳县的一个小镇马步。be believed to do sth.为固定用法，意为“被认为做某事”，originate发生在is believed之前，空处需填动词不定式的完成式。故填to have originated。
3．考查名词。句意：尽管规模不大，马步的蕾丝产业却能够通过全球一体化蓬勃发展。global为形容词，作定语修饰名词，integration意为“一体化”，是不可数名词。故填integration。
4．考查形容词。句意：当地公司为奢侈品牌提供从价格实惠的装饰到高端手工蕾丝的一切产品。修饰名词trims需用形容词作定语。故填affordable。
5．考查介词。句意：莱维特衣服上的蕾丝是一种香奈儿风格的装饰，每码价格约为13元(1.78美元)，反映了该镇在全球时尚供应链中的广泛影响力。price at为固定短语，意为“定价为”。故填at。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：几十年来，马步的蕾丝企业一直在适应全球需求，升级技术，跟踪从巴黎到纽约的时尚潮流，并加速生产周期，以高效地服务国际市场。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，Mabu’s lace businesses和upgrade为逻辑主谓关系，需填现在分词形式。故填upgrading。
7．考查副词。句意同上。修饰动词serve需用副词作状语。故填efficiently。
8．考查介词。句意：尽管面临美国关税上调等挑战，当地企业家仍充满信心，他们认为全球对美和工艺的需求将超过政治逆风。结合语境可知，上下文之间是转折关系，需用介词despite，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Despite。
9．考查动词时态。句意同上。空处作that引导的宾语从句的谓语，表示当地企业家对未来的信心，使用一般将来时。故填will outweigh。
10．考查定语从句。句意：正如一位企业主所说，“对美的追求将超越任何障碍。”空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词指代后面整个句子的内容，需用关系代词as引导，意为“正如，正像”，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填As。
K
（2025届浙江省杭州市高三下学期二模英语试题）
Food plays a significant role in classic Chinese novels, with one of the most famous examples being Cao Xueqin’s Dream of the Red Chamber. In this 18th-century novel, food is a key part of the story, revealing details about characters and advancing the plot. The book’s most famous dish, a 1 (prepare) of eggplant called qiexiang (茄鲞), is a rich dish that requires 2 (day) to prepare, involving steaming eggplant ten times in soup made from old hens. The dish overwhelms the family’s poor relatives, first with envy, 3 later with terrible discomfort in stomachs.
The novel provides ample inspiration to today’s cooks. Food bloggers go viral with attempts 4 (recreate) the book’s most famous dishes. “Red Chamber Banquets” pop up in theme restaurants across China, and indeed worldwide, with the dishes plated in Michelin style.
While most foods 5 (serve) in the novel are made with high skill, they are made with only a few simple seasonal ingredients. In China’s culinary culture, humble ingredients 6 (prize) because they are in season. A relative 7 brags (吹嘘) about enjoying food out of season is later revealed to have a dangerously violent temper. A “bad apple,” one might say.
Like all great literature, the enduring popularity of Dream of the Red Chamber comes from 8 (it) many layers of meaning. Readers can appreciate it more than 9 an engaging story. The same can also be said about the food. When we read about it, we can admire the cooking art, mine 10 text for historical clues, or seek double meanings in every “bite”.
【答案】
1．preparation 2．days 3．and 4．to recreate 5．served 6．are prized 7．who/that 8．its 9．as 10．the
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文通过分析《红楼梦》中饮食描写的作用，如刻画人物、推动情节、反映文化，说明其在文学和烹饪领域的持久影响力。
1．考查名词单数。句意：这本书中提到的最著名的菜肴是名为“茄鲞”的茄子料理，这是一道用料丰富的菜肴，需要数天时间准备才能做好，制作过程包括将茄子多次放入由老母鸡熬制的汤中蒸煮。a 　　1　　 (prepare) of eggplant called qiexiang (茄鲞)名词所有格结构，冠词a后需接单数名词。动词prepare (准备)的名词形式为preparation (准备)。故填preparation。
2．考查名词复数。句意：这本书中提到的最著名的菜肴是名为“茄鲞”的茄子料理，这是一道用料丰富的菜肴，需要数天时间准备才能做好，制作过程包括将茄子多次放入由老母鸡熬制的汤中蒸煮。这里表达“需要数天时间准备”，应用可数名词day的复数形式days，表泛指多日。故填days。
3．考查并列连词。句意：这道菜征服了这个家族的穷亲戚们，他们先是嫉妒，后来又让他们胃部不适。first with envy和later with terrible discomfort in stomachs是并列顺承关系，用并列连词and。故填and。
4．考查不定式。句意：美食博主们试图重现这本书中最著名的菜肴，这在网上疯传。此处的attempt为名词，意为“企图；试图；尝试”，其后接动词不定式to do，作其后置定语，表示“尝试做某事的企图”。故填to recreate。
5．考查过去分词。句意：小说中所呈现的大多数食物都是经过高超技艺烹制而成的，但它们所用的原料却只有几种简单的应季食材。___5___ (serve) in the novel为之前名词foods的后置定语，非谓语动词serve与foods之间为逻辑被动关系，serve需用过去分词形式。故填served。
6．考查时态和语态。句意：在中国的烹饪文化中，简单的食材因为是时令食材而受到重视。所填动词为句子的谓语动词，结合语境，这里描述一般事实，用一般现在时，注意主谓一致，且主句复数主语humble ingredients与主句谓语动词prize (珍视)为被动关系，需用一般现在时被动语态：are done。故填are prized。
7．考查定语从句关系词。句意：一个吹嘘自己喜欢吃反季节食物的亲戚后来被发现有危险的暴戾脾气。___7__ brags about enjoying food out of season为之前名词A relative的限制性定语从句，先行词A relative指人，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词who/that。故填who/that。
8．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：像所有伟大的文学作品一样，《红楼梦》之所以经久不衰，源于它的多层含义。用形容词性物主代词its，作定语，修饰名词短语many layers of meaning (多层含义)。故填its。
9．考查介词。句意：读者可以欣赏它，而不仅仅是作为一个引人入胜的故事。分析语境可知，“an engaging story (一个有趣的故事)”是《红楼梦》的身份特征，用介词as表“作为”这个含义，表达“不仅仅是作为一个有趣的故事”。故填as。
10．考查定冠词。句意：当我们阅读相关内容时，我们可以领略烹饪艺术的魅力，从文中寻找历史线索，或者在每一口“咀嚼”中探寻其深层含义。分析语境可知，text特指前文提到的《红楼梦》文本，需用定冠词the表特指。故填the。
L
（2025届普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语预测卷二）
With nature’s renewal, spring vegetables take center stage in Chinese cuisine. References to searching and consuming fresh greens appear in ancient texts, such as The Book of Songs, 1 (reflect) the ancestors’ appreciation for seasonal ingredients.
Today, eating spring vegetables remains a 2 (cherish) culinary (烹饪的) practice in China, deeply rooted in regional traditions. It highlights the Chinese appreciation for seasonal ingredients and local flavors, while also indicating the country’s enduring connection to nature 3 the timeless wisdom of Chinese cuisine.
In northern China, the arrival of spring 4 (mark) by the once-a-year sprouting of xiangchun, or Chinese toon sprouts(香椿芽), 5 common seasonal vegetable with a distinct flavor. The sprouts can be blanched(焯水) and served cold, scrambled(炒) with eggs, or chopped into a fragrant topping for noodles. The fiber in xiangchun helps promote digestion by stimulating intestinal movements, 6 (potential) preventing constipation(便秘). However, excessive consumption is not recommended.
In South China’s Guangdong Province, locals turn to buds of mulberry trees 7 their spring nutrition. These tender, newly sprouted leaves are known for their delicate texture, melting in the mouth. The act of eating these fresh greens, known as chichun or “eating spring”, 8 (symbolize) welcoming the new season.
Across China, 9 different regions enjoy a variety of spring vegetables, the tradition of eating seasonal greens is deeply rooted in China's agricultural heritage. Modern life has not erased this ancient agricultural wisdom. Instead, searching for and consuming wild greens has become a new urban trend, a growing awareness of nutrition and 10 (well) in modern lifestyles.
【答案】
1．reflecting 2．cherished 3．and 4．is marked 5．a 6．potentially 7．for 8．symbolizes 9．while/though/although 10．wellness
【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在中国不同地区食用春季蔬菜的传统，体现了中国人对季节性食材的喜爱以及与自然的紧密联系。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：有关寻找和食用新鲜蔬菜的记载出现在古代文献中，如《诗经》，这反映了祖先对季节性食材的喜爱。空白处在句子中作状语，应使用非谓语动词形式。reflect与前面整个句子存在逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用现在分词作结果状语，故填reflecting。
2．考查形容词。句意：如今，食用春季蔬菜仍然是中国一项备受珍视的烹饪习俗，深深植根于地域传统之中。空白处在句子中作定语，修饰名词practice要用形容词，cherish的过去分词形式cherished，可用作形容词，意为“受珍视的”，符合句意，故填cherished。
3．考查连词。句意：它凸显了中国人对季节性食材和地方风味的喜爱，同时也体现了这个国家与自然的持久联系以及中国烹饪的永恒智慧。“the country’s enduring connection to nature(这个国家与自然的持久联系)”和“the timeless wisdom of Chinese cuisine(中国烹饪的永恒智慧)”之间是并列关系，所以题型33 时态/语态/主谓一致
题型简介
动词时态、语态与主谓一致填空是高考英语语法填空中确保句子时间逻辑、行为方向与形式统一的核心管控题型。该题型要求考生在动态语境中，为一个核心动作精准定位其时间坐标（时态）、判断其行为主体与客体的关系（语态），并确保其形式与主语在“数”上严格匹配（主谓一致）。它绝非对孤立语法规则的简单回忆，而是对学生构建完整、严谨、逻辑自洽的英语句子核心框架能力的终极检验。
随着高考对语言表达准确性与逻辑严密性要求的不断提升，此类题目直接关乎句子的基本正确性，是决定语法填空与写作部分得分的基础。确保在此类考点上绝对稳固，对于学生消除基础性语法错误、建立扎实的语言输出能力具有不可替代的战略意义，是学生语言能力大厦的基石。该题型主要围绕三大相辅相成的管控维度进行考查：
时态：根据上下文提供的时间状语、逻辑暗示或前后句的时态呼应，判断动作发生在现在、过去、将来或过去的过去，并为其选择正确的动词时间形式（如一般现在时、现在完成时、过去将来时等）。
语态：根据主语与谓语动词之间的关系，判断动作是主语主动执行（主动语态）还是主语被动承受（被动语态），并相应变化动词形式（如 am done, was being built）。
主谓一致：依据语法一致、意义一致或就近一致原则，使谓语动词的单复数形式与其主语在“数”上保持严格一致，这是保证句子语法正确的形式底线。
这三者并非孤立存在，而是常常交织于同一个空格中进行综合考查（例如，一个填空可能同时涉及“过去时”、“被动语态”和“单数主语”）。它们共同构成了英语句子谓语部分的“铁三角”规则，是衡量学生语言基本功是否过硬、思维是否严谨的最直接、最根本的标尺。
设题类型&解题思路
核心定位：句子核心的“三位一体”管控
动词的时态、语态与主谓一致共同构成英语句子的核心框架，是语法填空的必考与难点。三者常综合考查，要求学生具备在动态语境中进行时间定位、关系判断和形式统一的复合能力。这是衡量学生语言基本功与逻辑缜密度的终极标尺。
考向01 时态考点——语境中的“时间坐标轴”
解题关键在于建立时间轴概念，依据显性时间状语或隐性逻辑线索，为动作精准定位。
六大常考时态核心用法与标志词
1. 一般现在时
核心用法：表示习惯、客观真理、普遍事实；在时间/条件状语从句中表将来。
关键标志词：always, often, usually, every day, sometimes；科学事实、格言；if/when 引导的条件/时间状语从句（主将从现）。
例题：If it ______ (rain) tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic.
解析与答案：if 从句中，用一般现在时 rains 表将来。
2. 一般过去时
核心用法：表示在过去某一特定时间发生并已完成的动作。
关键标志词：yesterday, last week, in 1990, ago, just now, the other day, once。
例题：The discovery ______ (make) by accident during an experiment last month.
解析与答案：last month 明确过去时间，且主语“发现”是“被作出”，需用过去时被动语态：was made。
3. 现在完成时
核心用法：表示动作从过去持续到现在或对现在造成影响/结果。强调“过去与现在的联系”。
关键标志词：
for + 时间段，since + 时间点
in/during the past/last few years
already, yet, ever, never, just, so far, up to now
This/It is the first time that... 句型中，that 从句用现在完成时。
例题：Over the years, he ______ (collect) more than a thousand stamps.
解析与答案：Over the years 表示从过去持续到现在的阶段，用现在完成时：has collected。
4. 过去完成时
核心用法：表示“过去的过去”，即在某个过去时间点或动作之前已经完成的动作。
关键标志：常有另一个明确的过去动作或时间（by/before/until + 过去时间，when/before/after 从句的过去动作）作为参照。
例题：She realized that she ______ (leave) her keys at home.
解析与答案：“意识到”是过去时，“遗忘钥匙”发生在此之前，用过去完成时：had left。
5. 现在/过去进行时
核心用法：表示在现在/过去某一时刻或时段正在进行的动作；或与 always 等连用表达情感色彩。
关键标志词：now, at present；at this time yesterday, at 10 o'clock yesterday morning；when/while 引导的从句（表背景）。
例题：I ______ (watch) TV when the power went out last night.
解析与答案：when 引导的过去时间点动作发生时，“看电视”这一背景动作正在进行，用过去进行时：was watching。
6．一般将来时
核心用法：表示将来发生的动作或状态。
关键标志词：tomorrow, next week, in the future, in + 一段时间。考查 will/shall do, be going to do, be to do 等多种形式。
（二） 解题思路
寻标志：优先寻找空格前后的显性时间状语。
析逻辑：若无明显状语，则分析动作与句中其他动词或上下文的隐性时间先后关系。
套句型：检查是否为“主将从现”、“This is the first time...”等固定句型。
考向02 语态考点——主谓关系的“方向判断仪”
解题核心是判断主语是动作的执行者（主动）还是承受者（被动）。
（一） 被动语态的基本判断
1. 逻辑判断法：主语无法执行该动作，而是动作的承受者。
例题：New regulations ______ (introduce) to reduce pollution.
解析：“规定”是“被引入”，主语是承受者。
答案：were introduced (需结合上下文时态)
2. 介词提示法：空格后出现引出动作执行者的 by 短语。
例题：The theory ______ (support) by numerous experiments.
解析：有 by... 短语提示被动。
答案：is supported (一般现在时被动)
（二） 必须用被动语态或系表结构的常见动词
1. 表状态：be born (出生)， be located/situated (坐落)， be married (已婚状态)， be dressed (in) (穿着)。
2. 表构成：be made up of / be composed of (由…组成)。(注：consist of 只用主动形式。)
3. 表心理感受：be interested in/surprised at/excited about 等（系动词+过去分词，表状态）。
4. 常见句型：It is said/believed/reported that...； Sth. is expected/supposed to do...。
（三） 没有被动语态的动词
某些不及物动词或短语，如 happen， take place， occur， break out， appear， disappear 等，表示发生、出现，没有被动语态。
考向03 主谓一致考点——形式统一的“数律检查官”
解题核心是：抛开所有修饰成分，找到真正主语，判断其单复数。三大原则需牢记。
（一） 语法一致原则：主语的形式决定谓语的单复数。
单数主语：可数名词单数、不可数名词、不定式/动名词短语、从句作主语时，谓语用单数。
复数主语：可数名词复数、A and B 表示不同人或物时，谓语用复数。
例题：Reading novels ______ (be) a good way to relax.
解析与答案：动名词短语 Reading novels 作主语，视作单数：is。
（二） 意义一致原则：主语的形式与意义不一致时，根据其实际意义决定谓语。
集体名词：family, team, class, audience 等，强调整体用单数，强调成员用复数。
His family is large. (家庭整体)
His family are all music lovers. (家庭成员)
数量词短语：时间、距离、金额、度量衡 的复数名词作主语，表示一个整体概念时，谓语用单数。
Ten thousand dollars is a large sum.
（三） 就近/就远原则：
1. 就近原则
由连接主语的特定连词或介词决定。适用连接词：or（或者）， either... or...（要么…要么…）， neither... nor...（既不…也不…）， not only... but also...（不仅…而且…）。
例题：Neither the manager nor his assistants ______ (be) available for comment.
答案：are 解析：谓语动词靠近复数主语 his assistants，因此用复数形式。
2. 就远原则
当主语后跟有由 with, together with, along with, as well as, besides, except, including 等引导的短语时，谓语动词的单复数形式与这些短语之前的主语（即第一个主语）保持一致。这些短语被视为修饰语，不影响主语的数。
例题：The project director, as well as three engineers, ______ (be) working on site.
答案：is解析：主语是 The project director（单数），as well as three engineers 是附加修饰信息，谓语应与主语 director 一致。
3. 原则对比总结
就近原则：用于由并列连词（如 or, not only...but also...）连接的主语，动词与最近的主语一致。就远原则：用于主语后跟有介词短语或插入性修饰语（如 with, as well as）的情况，动词与核心主语（即第一个主语）一致。
（四） “名词+介词短语”结构
这是最常设题的类型。解题关键是完全忽略 of, in, on 等引导的介词短语，找到介词前的核心名词作为判断依据。
例题：The number of registered participants ______ (have) increased dramatically.
答案：has解析：主语是 The number（单数），of registered participants 是修饰 number 的介词短语，不影响主语的数。
对比例题：A number of students ______ (be) applying for the scholarship.
答案：are解析：主语是 A number of（许多，相当于 many），修饰核心词 students（复数），因此谓语用复数。
考向01 时态考点
【例1-1】(湖南省长沙市雨花区长沙市雅礼中学2025-2026学年高三上学期1月月考英语试题节选)
In a studio in Berlin, Ismet Himmet, 48, guides a group of students through the flowing movements of tai chi. Known by his Chinese name You Lihan, he 1 (spend) over three decades in Chinese martial arts, transforming what began as a personal passion into a lifelong mission of cultural exchange.
【答案】has spent
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他以中文名尤立汉为人所知，已在中国武术领域投入了三十多年，将最初的个人爱好转变为文化交流的终身使命。时间状语“over three decades”是现在完成时的标志，主语he为单数，此空应是has spent。故填has spent。
【例1-2】(2026届重庆市九龙坡区四川外国语大学附属外国语学校高三上学期一模英语试题节选)
Last winter, over 1,500 test engineers from 39 automakers gathered in Mohe, which 2 (generate) more than 36 million yuan in indirect revenue (收入) for local businesses.
【答案】generated
【详解】考查时态。句意：去年冬天，来自39家汽车制造商的超过1500名测试工程师齐聚漠河，为当地企业带来了超过3600万元的间接收入。根据上文Last winter可知为一般过去时。故填generated。
【例1-3】(2026高三北京专题练习)
The music from the next room ___3_____ (sound) very familiar, but I couldn’t remember where I had heard it before.
【答案】sounds
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:隔壁房间传来的音乐听起来很熟悉，但我不记得以前在哪里听过。sound"听起来"，本空为but前句子的谓语，本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语music为不可数名词，谓语用第三人称单数sounds。故填sounds。
【变式1-1】（2026届云南省云南师范大学附属中学高考适应性月考卷1月卷英语试卷节选）
Despite having a wealth of natural talent, positive results on the main tour 1 (prove) difficult to come. By the time he entered the UK Championship in 2021, he merely 2 (reach) a few quarter - finals and one semi - final.
【变式1-2】（湖南省长沙市长郡中学2025-2026学年高三上学期月考（五）英语试题节选）
So far this year, Jiangkou alone 2 (export) four tons of matcha to Japan, with another six tons scheduled (schedule) for delivery.
【变式1-3】（浙江省杭州学军中学（紫金港校区）2025-2026学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题节选）
It’s not the first time that small cities 3 (become) an instant hit during public holidays, such as Zibo in Shandong province, which went viral among tourists because of the city’s delicious barbecue, as more Chinese travelers have shown an increasing interest in exploring niche destinations in order to avoid huge crowds of people.
考向02 语态考点
【例2-1】(2026届湖南省湘潭市第一中学高三第一次教学质量测试英语试题节选)
This includes guidelines that 1 (issue) in 2017, calling for the preservation of heritage and the integration of traditional culture into daily life.
【答案】were issued
【详解】考查动词时态与语态。句意：这其中就包括2017年出台的指导方针，该方针呼吁保护文化遗产，并推动传统文化融入日常生活。此处为定语从句的谓语部分，根据时间状语“in 2017”可知，句子需用一般过去时，“guidelines”与“issue”之间是被动关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态“were issued”。故填were issued。
【例2-2】(湖南省长沙市长郡中学2025-2026学年高三上学期月考（五）英语试题节选)
The drinking of matcha originated from ancient China, and 2 (introduce) to Japan later. Today, China has become the world's largest matcha producer and consumer.
【答案】was introduced
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：抹茶的饮用起源于古代中国，后来被引入日本。The drinking of matcha与introduce之间是被动关系，即“饮用抹茶被引入日本”，且事情发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was introduced。
【例2-3】(2026届浙江省宁波市镇海区镇海中学高三首考模拟考试英语试题节选)
Pantaleoni sees a shared sensibility between Italy’s wine traditions and China’s long agricultural heritage. “We both guide nature with a patient hand, whether crafting wine or tea, understanding that true quality cannot 1 (rush).” Her wines, she says, are meant to speak honestly of their origins; something she hopes resonates with Chinese drinkers.
【答案】be rushed
【详解】考查情态动词的被动语态。句意：她说：“我们都以耐心之手引导自然，无论是酿造葡萄酒还是茶，都明白真正的品质是无法急于求成的。”空处在情态动词cannot后，应接动词原形。所给动词rush为“催促，匆忙”之意，主语true quality与rush之间构成被动关系，应使用被动语态be rushed。故填be rushed。
【变式2-1】(湖北省武汉中学2025-2026学年高三上学期元月月考英语试题节选)
Thus, this ancient cultural heritage 3 (blend) into modern life deeply so far.
【变式2-2】(2026届重庆市九龙坡区四川外国语大学附属外国语学校高三上学期一模英语试题节选)
Mohe is the northernmost city in China. Temperatures here can fall to -53℃, and the land 2 (cover) by ice and snow for nearly six months each year. However, Mohe has been turning its“cold resources” into a“hot economy.”
【变式2-3】(2026届西南名校联盟“3+3+3”高考备考诊断性联考（一）英语试卷节选)
Once, Gao 3 (task) with welding a key rocket part. The tolerance was only 0.01 mm.
考向03 主谓一致考点
【例3-1】(安徽省六安市毛坦厂中学2025-2026学年高三上学期1月综合素质检测英语试题节选)
At the Harbin Ice-Snow World, a park dedicated to the Games, visitors 1 (treat) with a splendid drone show for the Chinese New Year.
【答案】were treated
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在专门为本次赛事打造的哈尔滨冰雪大世界里，游客们在春节期间欣赏到了精彩的无人机表演，公园里有许多节日主题的冰雕，其中包括用冰雕刻的汉字“福”。本句在描述过去的事实，所以空处谓语动词需用一般过去时，主语是复数visitors，与谓语动词treat之间是被动关系，所以空处需用一般过去时的被动语态，故填were treated。
【例3-2】（辽宁省县级重点高中协作体2025-2026学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题节选）
Tai Chi, or Taijiquan, 2 (be) a centuries-old Chinese martial art (武术) with almost 400 years of history, which is characterized by slow, graceful (grace) movements paired with deep breathing and mindfulness.
【答案】is
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：太极拳是一项有着近400年历史的中国传统武术，其特点是舒缓优美的动作，配以深呼吸和专注的意念。此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语Tai Chi为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用is。故填is。
【例3-3】(湖北省荆州中学2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题节选)
According to the provincial transportation department, to date half of the world’s 100 tallest bridges 5 (rise) from its valleys.
【答案】have risen
【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：据省交通厅介绍，迄今为止，世界前100座最高桥梁中有一半坐落于贵州的山谷之间。根据时间状语to date（迄今为止）可知，此处应用现在完成时；主语half of the world’s 100 tallest bridges为复数，助动词用have。故填have risen。
【变式3-1】（江西省南昌市第二中学2025-2026学年高三上学期周练（四）英语试题节选）
During these months, the sudden success of the game, developed by a private Chinese company over six years, 1 (allow) people to appreciate Chinese traditional culture in addition to the fun of playing the game.
【变式3-2】（江西省南昌市第二中学2025-2026学年高三上学期英语周练（七）节选）
International Nurses Day is an annual celebration of the vital work and role of nurses around the world. The event, which was first marked in 1965, 2 (create) by the International Council of Nurses.
【变式3-3】（黑龙江省牡丹江市第一高级中学2025-2026学年高三上学期月考英语试题节选）
Three-fifths of the school’s outdoor sports facilities, including the basketball courts and tennis courts, _____3_____ （be）damaged in the recent storm.
A
（云南省多校2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题）
On the streets of Shanghai, you can often see a young French woman leading a group of tourists around the city on citywalks, 1 (introduce) its history and culture to them in Chinese, English, and French.
The 29-year-old woman is Le Guernic, 2 story with China began back in 2008, when she chose Chinese as her second foreign language. A short study trip to China during high school left a deep impression 3 her. She later returned in 2015 as an exchange student at Fudan University in Shanghai. After graduation, she made the city her permanent home 4 started her own cultural company, which focuses on lesser-known spots or untold stories hidden in popular areas.
Over the past five years, Le Guernic 5 (develop) more than 30 original walking routes through 6 (extension) research. She spends hours digging through century-old archives (档案) and speaking with elderly 7 (resident) to deepen her understanding of local culture. Once she designs a route, she walks it repeatedly 8 (improve) the storyline. Most of her walking routes win 9 (popular) among both French-speaking visitors and Chinese tourists.
“Born in France, made in China.” This is Le Guernic’s brief introduction on social media. “I can’t say I 10 (true) know China because the country is so big, but I hope I can help more people know about Chinese culture and history,” she said.
B
（河北省唐山市十校2025-2026学年高三上学期12月期中英语试题）
A special English-language play, The Peony Pavilion, was put on for the first time in Asia in Fuzhou, China. This play is a famous Chinese story 1 (pen) by Tang Xianzu, adapted by the University of Birmingham. It was a historic moment, connecting Eastern and Western culture.
The performance was part of an event celebrating the 475th anniversary of Tang Xianzu’s birth. 2 (interesting), Tang Xianzu and William Shakespeare, 3 works talk about similar ideas like love and fate, lived at the same time and both died in 1616, but they never met.
At the same event, parts of Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream and Tang’s The Dream of Nanke 4 (perform) on the same stage. This created a beautiful conversation between the two great 5 (writer) across time and space. A special television show even had actors playing Tang and Shakespeare, 6 (show) how their stories about love share much 7 (similar).
The English version of The Peony Pavilion was very successful in cross-cultural exchange. The cast included actors from China, Ireland, and the US. They used some styles from Western theatre 8 (help) English-speaking audiences understand and enjoy 9 Chinese classic. This was not just a translation, 10 a new creative work. As one actor said, over 400 years ago, Tang and Shakespeare looked at the same moon while they wrote. Today, their stories continue to connect us, proving that great art has no borders.
C
（2026届上海市崇明区高三英语一模英语试题试题）
Beijing Hosts the World’s First-ever Humanoid (像人的) Robot Half Marathon
Running is for everyone — and everything, as it now happens. That’s 1 China has just staged a half marathon where humans weren’t the only participants. In addition to about 12,000 living, breathing runners, this race also welcomed 21 humanoid robots to its start line.
This half marathon, which took place in Beijing on Saturday, 2 (believe) to be the first running event of its kind and a landmark moment for the Chinese robotics industry. 3 the humans and robots ran along separate tracks, likely for safety reasons which you’ll appreciate better in a moment, it was the first time that these two types of participants 4 (take) part in the same race.And it proved that bipedal (两腿行走的) robots can run a significant distance in real-world conditions.
However, the robots’ performances on race day were chaotic. One robot fell at the starting line and stayed down for several minutes. 5 ran into a fence after just a few meters. Only six of the 21 competing robots, all of 6 had to be bipedal rather than on wheels, successfully completed the course. The best of the bunch was a humanoid called Tiangong Ultra, 7 (develop) by the Beijing Humanoid Robot Innovation Center, which won the robot race in 2 hours and 40 minutes. Even better, Tiangong Ultra crossed the finish line 8 the human cut-off time of three hours and 10 minutes. It made it the only robot 9 (qualify) for a human participation award. It was the tallest robot in the field, too, 10 (tower) over many human adults at nearly six feet (about 1.8 meters). By contrast, the shortest robot participant — which wore a blue and white tracksuit and waved at people every few seconds — was just 2.5 feet (about 0.76 meters) tall.
D
（2026届云南省2026届云南省多校联盟高三第二次联考模拟预测英语试题）
Increase your productivity. This is 1 AI tools attract its users. However, despite hopes that the technology will improve the 2 (efficient) of work, not everyone is on board.
According to BBC, 59 percent of men aged 18 to 65 around the world use generative AI at least once a week, compared 3 51 percent of women. The gender gap is even 4 (wide) among younger people; 71 percent of men and 59 percent of women aged 18 to 24 use generative AI weekly. Why are women less open to AI than men
According to AI expert Jodie Cook, this gap reflects the underrepresentation of women in STEM fields (science, technology, engineering and mathematics). “For ages, STEM fields 5 (lead) by males. The current pattern in the use of AI tools appears 6 (mirror) this difference,” Cook told the BBC．
Certain patterns in female thinking might also play 7 role. In a survey of 486 students, 8 (divide) by academic performance, researchers found that high-performing female students were more likely to use ChatGPT only when it had been allowed by their professor. “It’s the idea that I have to do it on my own without 9 (take) shortcuts,” Cook explained.
For some experts, women’s reluctance (不情愿) to use AI is troubling, as it could lead to technology being designed more for men. Others, however, are less alarmed, pointing out that AI may right now act more as a “digital toy”, and women may 10 (simple) be better at avoiding distractions.
E
（2026届浙江省绍兴市高三上学期一模英语试卷）
Dongjiao Minxiang is a historically significant hutong located in Beijing, China. 1 (Stretch) about 1,500 meters, it lies to the east of Tian’ ammen Square and has developed into a blend of cultural heritage and modern commerce.
Originaling in the Yuan Dynasty, it served initially 2 a strategic trade and supply center, later becoming a diplomatic (外交的) hub during the Second Opium War, 3 the hutong opened its doors to diplomats from different countries. This period 4 (witness) the construction of numerous Western-style buildings. 5 in the mid-20th century, diplomats were relocated to the Sanlitum area. Despite these changes, Dongjiao Minxiang keeps its architectural and historical legacy through its 6 (preserve) buildings and cultural landmarks.
Over the years, Dongjiao Minxiang 7 (transform) into a dynamic area, home to both high-end restaurants and common shops, offering a wide array of food and shopping experiences. The hutong’s history is closely associated with significant events and transitions in Beijing, making it 8 fascinating subject for historians and visitors interested in the architectural and cultural evolution of the capital. Its significance lies in its 9 (continue) adaptation, which makes it not just a historical site, but one of the active 10 (participate) in Beijing’s ongoing urban narrative, offering insights into China’s engagement with global influences across centuries.
F
（河北省河北十六校高三联考2025-2026学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题）
During White Dew, or Bai Lu, the summer heat gradually fades, and the weather turns cooler. With 1 (great) differences between day and night temperatures than those of the hottest day, moisture in the air condenses into dewdrops (露珠) — hence the name “White Dew”.
In ancient times, people 2 (divide) the 15 days of White Dew into three phases: First, wild geese arrive; second, swallows return south; third, birds begin to store food. Migratory birds are highly sensitive 3 temperature changes, and the ancient Chinese observed that by White Dew, geese, swallows, and other species start their southward journey in search of warmer lands, while many birds begin storing food for the winter.
Around this time, the Northern Hemisphere enters the peak of bird migration. The Taihu Lake area in Suzhou, 4 (recognize) as an internationally important wetland along the East Asia-Australasia migratory route, 5 (absolute) lives up to its name as a “paradise for migratory birds”. Flocks travel southward along major flyways, crossing continents to overwinter in warmer regions. 6 (protect) these ecosystems, China has passed a Wetland Conservation Law, strengthening the conservation of 82 internationally significant wetlands 7 protecting habitats for migratory birds — an important contribution to global biodiversity.
Customs of White Dew mostly revolve around the idea of “nourishing(滋养)with dew”, 8 rooted in agricultural society. Ancient people believed that with the weather turning cooler, the body was more likely to suffer autumn 9 (dry). To deal with this, they consumed nourishing foods such as longans and tremella mushrooms. This tradition continues today, 10 (reflect) the harmonious relationship between humans and nature.
G
（2025届江西省重点中学盟校高三下学期第一次联考英语试题）
Thousands of years ago, texts appeared on animal bones, bronzes, bamboo slips, and silk brocades(织锦) 1 they were written on paper. But now these ancient Chinese texts have a “new container” in the modern age. Recently, a research team from Nanjing Agricultural University has rolled 2 Xunzi, a large language model (LLM) and Xunzi Chat in 3 (associate) with Gulian, a leading ancient Chinese text publisher. Wang Dongbo,the leader of the research team, said that the large language model 4 (name) after Xunzi because Xunzi was not only 5 acknowledged Confucian philosopher during the late Warring States Period (475-221BC), but also a pioneer in presenting and explaining theories of linguistics in ancient China. When 6 (ask) why he and his partners made the large language model, Wang explained that “traditional Chinese characters, vertical layout (竖版), the absence of pausing and punctuation (句读) are all obstacles 7 readers have to overcome when they read traditional texts”. 8 (create) Xunzi the LLM, Wang and his partners first needed to do a lot of research.
Since 2013, his team has worked 9 (tire) to digitize Chinese classics like the Siku Quanshu, or the Complete Library in Four Sections. “The hard work involves a large-scale corpus (语料库) of two billion Chinese characters, and 10 has laid a solid foundation for the large language model,” said Wang.
H
（2025届西南名校联盟“ 3+3+3”高考备考诊断性联考（四）英语试卷）
In the 17th century, there was frequent trade between Britain and China. The upper class in Britain were fond 1 Chinese goods like silk, tea, and paintings. Patterns of traditional Chinese architecture, such as pavilions and pagodas (宝塔), were often painted on these goods, giving the British 2 initial visual impression of Chinese architecture.
Western 3 (traveler) often came to China in the 17th century. Their records of the natural and cultural scenery 4 (make) the British have a more specific understanding of Chinese gardens at that time.
Some British garden designers 5 (influence) by the “natural” layout of Chinese gardens at that time. William Chambers built the Chinese Pagoda in Kew Gardens, 6 was modeled after the Porcelain Tower of Nanjing, 7 (bring) the “Chinese style” of British gardens to a climax.
The Chinese Pagoda was decorated with 80 8 (wood) dragons, which were once golden, making the pagoda eye-catching. However, as time passed, the pagoda got damaged, and the dragons were taken away.
In 2016, a 9 (restore) began. After two years of hard work, the pagoda was finally restored to its former beauty. Now, the Chinese Pagoda stands as a symbol of cultural exchange between China and the UK 10 it attracts numerous visitors, who come to appreciate its beauty per year.
I
（2026届浙江省浙江省“9+1”联盟高三上学期一模联考英语试题）
The Paris Olympics has ignited the sporting passion of people worldwide. Since the Games began, many Chinese brands 1 (take) advantage of the event to expand their global image. The Chinese tea brand Chagee, for example, recently launched a Tea Bar in Paris, 2 (add) a hint of jasmine tea sweetness into the French capital’s air.
Sport is a language that goes 3 borders and cultures, and so is tea. The Chagee Tea Bar featured a range of cultural activities, and among them 4 (be) pitching pots, a game of skill and precision often enjoyed by ancient nobles, 5 cuju, an ancient Chinese ball game widely recognized as the earliest form of football. 6 (play) at banquets where guests took turns to throw arrows, pitching pots provided international guests with a chance to understand ancient Chinese culture.
On the digital front, Chagee’s WeChat ordering page displays 7 (nutrition) values, including calorie content and sweetness levels. This grading method, 8 was first piloted in Shanghai, has now been rolled out across all 9 (it) domestic stores. The practice not only reflects Chagee’s understanding of consumer 10 (need) but also helps the brand get closer to consumers, creating a lifestyle that gives them a sense of belonging.
J
（2025届江苏省盐城市亭湖区盐城中学高三下学期 5月模拟预测英语试题）
A lace on a dress worn by White House Press Secretary Karoline Leavitt recently 1 (arouse) interest after Chinese workers recognized it as their product, local media outlets reported.
The black lace, part of a Self-Portrait dress made in China, is believed 2 (originate) from Mabu, a town in Wenzhou’s Pingyang county.
Though small in scale, Mabu’s lace industry has been able to thrive through global 3 (integrate). Local firms supply everything from 4 (afford) trims (装饰) to high-end handmade lace for luxury brands. The lace recognized on Leavitt’s dress, a Chanel-style trim priced 5 about 13 yuan (1.78) per yard, reflects the town’s broad reach across the global fashion supply chain.
For decades, Mabu’s lace businesses have been adapting to global demands, 6 (upgrade) technology, following fashion trends from Paris to New York, and accelerating production cycles to serve international markets 7 (efficient). Today, their products are staples of women’s fashion, automotive accessories, and home decor worldwide.
8 challenges like US tariff hikes, local entrepreneurs remain confident, believing that the global demand for beauty and craftsmanship 9 (outweigh) political headwinds. 10 one business owner put it, “The pursuit of beauty will surpass any barrier.”
K
（2025届浙江省杭州市高三下学期二模英语试题）
Food plays a significant role in classic Chinese novels, with one of the most famous examples being Cao Xueqin’s Dream of the Red Chamber. In this 18th-century novel, food is a key part of the story, revealing details about characters and advancing the plot. The book’s most famous dish, a 1 (prepare) of eggplant called qiexiang (茄鲞), is a rich dish that requires 2 (day) to prepare, involving steaming eggplant ten times in soup made from old hens. The dish overwhelms the family’s poor relatives, first with envy, 3 later with terrible discomfort in stomachs.
The novel provides ample inspiration to today’s cooks. Food bloggers go viral with attempts 4 (recreate) the book’s most famous dishes. “Red Chamber Banquets” pop up in theme restaurants across China, and indeed worldwide, with the dishes plated in Michelin style.
While most foods 5 (serve) in the novel are made with high skill, they are made with only a few simple seasonal ingredients. In China’s culinary culture, humble ingredients 6 (prize) because they are in season. A relative 7 brags (吹嘘) about enjoying food out of season is later revealed to have a dangerously violent temper. A “bad apple,” one might say.
Like all great literature, the enduring popularity of Dream of the Red Chamber comes from 8 (it) many layers of meaning. Readers can appreciate it more than 9 an engaging story. The same can also be said about the food. When we read about it, we can admire the cooking art, mine 10 text for historical clues, or seek double meanings in every “bite”.
L
（2025届普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语预测卷二）
With nature’s renewal, spring vegetables take center stage in Chinese cuisine. References to searching and consuming fresh greens appear in ancient texts, such as The Book of Songs, 1 (reflect) the ancestors’ appreciation for seasonal ingredients.
Today, eating spring vegetables remains a 2 (cherish) culinary (烹饪的) practice in China, deeply rooted in regional traditions. It highlights the Chinese appreciation for seasonal ingredients and local flavors, while also indicating the country’s enduring connection to nature 3 the timeless wisdom of Chinese cuisine.
In northern China, the arrival of spring 4 (mark) by the once-a-year sprouting of xiangchun, or Chinese toon sprouts(香椿芽), 5 common seasonal vegetable with a distinct flavor. The sprouts can be blanched(焯水) and served cold, scrambled(炒) with eggs, or chopped into a fragrant topping for noodles. The fiber in xiangchun helps promote digestion by stimulating intestinal movements, 6 (potential) preventing constipation(便秘). However, excessive consumption is not recommended.
In South China’s Guangdong Province, locals turn to buds of mulberry trees 7 their spring nutrition. These tender, newly sprouted leaves are known for their delicate texture, melting in the mouth. The act of eating these fresh greens, known as chichun or “eating spring”, 8 (symbolize) welcoming the new season.
Across China, 9 different regions enjoy a variety of spring vegetables, the tradition of eating seasonal greens is deeply rooted in China's agricultural heritage. Modern life has not erased this ancient agricultural wisdom. Instead, searching for and consuming wild greens has become a new urban trend, a growing awareness of nutrition and 10 (well) in modern lifestyles.
M
（江苏省泰州市2025-2026学年高三上学期第二次月考英语试题）
Throughout centuries of history, the Grand Canal has nurtured abundant towns and villages along its path. Many an ancient town, preserved through the ages thanks to their close relationship with the canal, 1 (stand) as the finest witnesses of civilization.
The 2 (influence) man-made river runs through the heart of Jiaxing, Zhejiang province, stretching more than 110 kilometers. Eighteen canal towns in the province, such as Wuzhen, Xitang and Puyuan, 3 fame has been well-known nationally and internationally, have flourished (繁荣) alongside the water. Some traditional customs such as silk weaving and stone carving couldn’t have thrived 4 the presence of water.
5 its small size, Wuzhen serves as a bridge between history and the future, China and the world due to its authentic water town scenery and rich cultural heritage. The 2024 World Internet Conference Wuzhen Summit 6 (hold) from Nov 19 to 22 will allow it to become a focus of the world again. About 50 km from Wuzhen lies Xitang, 7 birthplace of Wuyue culture, famous for countless timeworn bridges, alleys and corridors. Puyuan 8 (refer) to as the country’s “knitwear fashion capital” is not far from Xitang. Over years of 9 (preserve) and development, the fashionable ancient town of Puyuan has opened to the public.
Since last year, Jiaxing has focused on the core ancient towns of Wuzhen, Xitang and Puyuan, 10 (string) together all 18 ancient towns in the area through comprehensive efforts in conservation, restoration, and innovative development.21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)

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