资源简介

题型34 复合句
题型简介
复合句填空是高考英语语法填空中实现信息整合与逻辑分层的高级构建题型。该题型要求学生突破简单句的线性表达，分析主句与从句之间的修饰、陈述、因果、条件等复杂逻辑关系，并据此选用一个精准的“逻辑连接件”（引导词）将主从结构无缝焊接。它绝非对连接词的机械匹配，而是对学生解构句子成分、辨识深层逻辑，并运用英语句法进行复杂思想表达的综合性思维检验。该题型主要围绕三大核心从句的构建逻辑展开考查：
定语从句：考查学生如何用一个从句去限定或修饰一个名词或代词（即先行词）。解题关键在于分析先行词在从句中充当何种成分（主语、宾语、状语等），并据此选择关系词（that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why 或“介词+which”）。
名词性从句：考查学生如何用一个从句来充当主句中的某个名词性成分（主语、宾语、表语、同位语）。解题关键在于判断从句在主句中的句法功能，并据此选择从属连词（that, whether, if）、连接代词（what, who, which, whose）或连接副词（when, where, how, why）。
状语从句：考查学生如何用一个从句来修饰主句的动词、形容词或副词，表达时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式、比较等逻辑关系。解题关键在于识别主从句之间的具体逻辑关系，并据此选择相应的从属连词（如 when, because, if, so that, although, as if, than 等）。
这三类从句的考查虽各有侧重，但其核心交汇点均在于对引导词的精准选择。引导词的选择，同时受制于从句内部的成分缺失（定语从句、名词性从句）与主从句之间的外部逻辑（状语从句）双重因素。这要求学生在解题时，必须执行“先定类，后分析”的两步判断，是衡量其句法分析能力与逻辑思维是否成熟的核心试金石。
设题类型&解题思路
核心定位：句子核心的“三位一体”管控
动词的时态、语态与主谓一致共同构成英语句子的核心框架，是语法填空的必考与难点。三者常综合考查，要求学生具备在动态语境中进行时间定位、关系判断和形式统一的复合能力。这是衡量学生语言基本功与逻辑缜密度的终极标尺。
考向01 定语从句：名词的“后置修饰镜”
核心定位：定语从句考查的是用一个句子去修饰或限定一个名词（先行词）的能力。其核心矛盾在于：先行词在从句中扮演什么角色？ 解题的本质就是为从句中缺失的“角色”选择一个正确的“演员”（关系词）。
设题类型与解题思路：
类型一：考查关系代词（that, which, who, whom, whose）
解题思路 - “成分分析法”：
1. 定先行词：找到空格前被修饰的名词（即先行词）。
2. 析从句成分：将先行词代入后面的定语从句中，看它在从句中充当什么成分。
充当主语：指人用 who/that，指物用 which/that。
充当宾语：指人用 whom/who/that（可省略），指物用 which/that（可省略）。
充当定语（表示“…的”）：无论指人指物，都用 whose。
例题解析：
The scientist ______ made this discovery is very young.
答案：who 或 that
分析：先行词是 The scientist（人）。将其代入从句：______ made this discovery，可见“科学家”在从句中充当主语。应选用作主语的关系代词。
类型二：考查关系副词（when, where, why）或“介词+which”
解题思路 - “状语判断法”：
1. 定先行词：找到先行词。
2. 判从句完整性：观察定语从句本身是否已具备完整的主谓结构。
3．补逻辑关系：如果从句主谓完整，则空格需要的是一个副词性成分，用来表示时间(when)、地点(where)、原因(why)或方式。此时，先行词若是time, day等时间类名词，则考虑when；若是place, city等地点名，则考虑where；若是reason，则考虑why。等价结构“介词+which”也常考（如 in which = where）。
例题解析：
I’ll never forget the day ______ we first met.
答案：when 或 on which
分析：先行词是 the day（时间）。从句 we first met 主谓宾完整，只缺一个表示“在那天”的时间状语。
类型三：考查非限制性定语从句或固定结构
解题思路：
1. 看逗号：如果空格前有逗号，多为非限制性定语从句，指物时不能用 that，常用 which（指代前面整句话或某个词）。
2. 记特殊：记忆固定情况，如先行词是不定代词（all, much, anything）或被序数词、最高级等修饰时，常用 that；the same...as, such...as 等固定搭配。
例题解析：
He passed the driving test, ______ surprised all of us.
答案：which
分析：空格前有逗号，为非限制性定语从句。which 指代前面整件事“他通过驾照考试”。
考向02 名词性从句：句中的“多功能组件”
核心定位：名词性从句考查的是用一个句子来充当另一个句子（主句）中某个名词性成分（主语、宾语、表语、同位语）的能力。解题关键在于判断从句在主句中的句法功能。
设题类型与解题思路：
类型一：考查连接词that, whether, if
解题思路 - “句意完整性判断法”：
1. 看从句意思：如果从句本身是一个完整的陈述句，只需将其名词化，则用不充当任何成分的 that（宾语从句中可省略）。
2. 看是否含疑问：如果从句含有“是否”的疑问意义，则用 whether 或 if（if通常只引导宾语从句且后不能接or not）。
例题解析：______ the experiment will succeed is still unknown.
答案：That
分析：从句 the experiment will succeed 是一个意义完整的陈述句，但整个从句作为主句的主语，需要连接词来引导。此处无“是否”之意。
类型二：考查连接代词（what, who, which, whose）或连接副词（when, where, how, why）
解题思路 - “成分缺失判断法”：
1. 定从句功能：先确定名词性从句在主句中作什么（常为动词或介词的宾语）。
2. 析从句内部：分析名词性从句本身的结构。如果从句中缺少主语、宾语或定语，则用连接代词；如果从句主谓完整，但缺少时间、地点、原因、方式等状语，则用连接副词。
3. what 的妙用：what 是高频考点，相当于“the thing(s) that”，在从句中常作主语或宾语。
例题解析：
The city is no longer ______ it used to be ten years ago.
答案：what (相当于 the city that)
分析：空格处在 is 后作表语。从句 it used to be ______ 中，be 动词后缺少表语成分。
类型三：考查同位语从句（通常用that引导）
解题思路：识别抽象名词（如 news, idea, fact, promise, belief 等），如果空格后的从句是对该名词内容的具体解释说明（而非修饰限定），且从句意义完整，则用 that。
例题解析：
We heard the news ______ our team had won.
答案：that (引导同位语从句，不可省略)
分析：the news 是抽象名词。从句 our team had won 完整地陈述了“消息”的具体内容。
考向03 状语从句：主句的“逻辑调节器”
核心定位：状语从句考查的是为整个主句动作添加时间、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步等背景或逻辑关系的能力。解题首要任务是识别主从句间的逻辑关系。
设题类型与解题思路：
解题核心 - “逻辑关系判断法”：
1. 读句子，抓主干：理解主句和从句的基本意思。
2. 判逻辑，选连词：分析从句是如何说明主句的。
时间：when, while, as, before, after, since, until, as soon as
原因：because, since, as, now that
条件：if, unless, as long as
目的：so that, in order that
结果：so...that, such...that
让步：although, though, even if, no matter how/who/what
方式：as, as if
比较：than, as...as
例题解析： ______ it is raining heavily, the football match has been postponed.
答案：Because 或 Since 或 As
分析：从句“正下着大雨”和主句“比赛被推迟”之间是明显的因果关系。
综合提示：状语从句还需注意“主将从现”（条件、时间状语从句中，用现在时态表将来）等特殊规则，但语法填空主要考查引导词本身。
终极解题心法：
面对复合句引导词填空，问自己三个问题：
1. 这个从句是干什么的？（修饰名词→定语从句；充当成分→名词性从句；表示逻辑关系→状语从句）
2. 这个从句内部缺什么？（定语/名词性从句：缺成分？缺状语？；状语从句：只缺逻辑连词）
3. 这个从句和主句是什么关系？（特别是状语从句）
考向01 定语从句考点
【例1-1】(安徽省六安市毛坦厂中学2025-2026学年高三上学期1月综合素质检测英语试题节选)
A service desk was set up in the hall, 1 staff handled final check-in arrangements. Final Games preparations were in full swing during the festival.
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：大厅里设立了服务台，工作人员在那里办理最后的入住手续。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是a service desk，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以空处需用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。
【例1-2】(2026届湖南省湘潭市第一中学高三第一次教学质量测试英语试题节选)
The craft’s rising appeal is part of a broader rejuvenation of traditional skills across China, 2 has been promoted by national policy.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这门工艺吸引力的提升，是中国传统技艺全面复兴的一个缩影，而这场复兴是由国家政策推动的。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“a broader rejuvenation of traditional skills”，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，需用“which”引导。故填which。
【例1-3】(2026届浙江省北斗星盟高三一模英语试题节选)
Today, this legacy is carried forward by contemporary women writers across China and the globe, 3 continue this foundational way of seeing and writing about the world.
【答案】who
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：如今，这一遗产由中国及全球的当代女性作家传承下去，她们延续了这种观察和书写世界的基本方式。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为contemporary women writers，指人，在从句中作主语，用关系代词who。故填who。
【变式1-1】（2026届云南省云南师范大学附属中学高考适应性月考卷1月卷英语试卷节选）
He seized the opportunity, not only getting (get) his career back on track but also showcasing his incredible talent, 1 led many to compare him to Ronnie O’Sullivan and Jimmy White.
【变式1-2】（湖南省益阳市2025-2026学年高三上学期9月教学质量监测英语试题节选）
Performing a routine titled “Soul of the Terracotta Army”, the Chinese team topped the preliminary (预赛) round and carried that momentum (势头) into the team acrobatic final, 3 they scored 229.0186 points to secure the gold.
【变式1-3】（2025届江苏省南通市崇川区高三上学期第一次调研考试英语试题节选）
Inspired by videos posted by Chinese creators living abroad 3 shared their experiences, Chinese consumers and businesses have quickly accepted the idea,…..
考向02 名词性从句考点
【例2-1】(辽宁省县级重点高中协作体2025-2026学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题节选)
According to UNESCO, the new international day is believed (believe) to boost the popularization and international exchange of Taijiquan and promote its ideas of “balance between yin and yang”, “harmonious coexistence”, and “overcoming strength with gentleness”. That’s 1 Taijiquan may promote human exchanges and mutual learning among different civilizations.
【答案】why
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：这正是太极拳能够促进不同文明之间人文交流与互学互鉴的原因。此处引导表语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，结合句意，此处表原因，用连接副词why。故填why。
【例2-2】(湖北省荆州中学2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题节选)
The Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge in Guizhou province, the world’s tallest, opened to traffic on September 28th, turning 2 was once a two-hour drive across the deep valley into a trip of barely two minutes.
【答案】what
【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：贵州省的花江大峡谷大桥是世界最高桥，于9月28日通车，将曾经穿越深谷需两小时的车程缩短至仅两分钟。空格处引导宾语从句，作动词turning的宾语，从句中缺少主语，指代“曾经的车程这件事”，需用连接代词what。故填what。
【例2-3】(湖南省名校新高考教学教研联盟2025-2026学年高考第一次大联考英语试题节选)
3 truly sets the Nexus apart is its AI-powered irrigation system. Using weather predictions and soil sensors, it calculates precisely how much water each plant needs, reducing waste by 90% compared to traditional methods.
【答案】What
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：真正让Nexus与众不同的是其人工智能驱动的灌溉系统。此处引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“……的事物”，应用连接代词what，句首单词首字母应大写。故填What。
【变式2-1】(浙江省绍兴市柯桥区2025-2026学年高三上学期高考科目适应性考试英语试题节选)
Collins chose it because it demonstrates 1 language evolves with technology.
【变式2-2】(2026届湖南省郴州市高三上学期第一次教学质量监测英语试题节选)
In 1812, the first Chinese immigrants to Brazil planted tea trees in 2 is now the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden, a witness to the China-Brazil friendship.
【变式2-3】(2026高三全国专题练习节选)
Apart from the usual finds, people have uncovered records of the earliest examples of Chinese writing and proof _____3___ they were producers of the world’s oldest
考向03 状语从句考点
【例3-1】(安徽省六安市毛坦厂中学2025-2026学年高三上学期1月综合素质检测英语试题节选)
As was reported in news stories, the city’s ice tradition dates back decades, drawing tourists yearly. Shop entrances were decorated with red couplets, creating a festive atmosphere. Preparations continued 1 Chinese New Year’s Eve, when the Games’ media village opened.
【答案】until
【详解】考查连词。句意：准备工作一直持续到除夕，当天，本届赛事的媒体村正式启用。表示 “持续到某个时间点” 用until引导时间状语从句。故填until。
【例3-2】（湖南省长沙市雨花区长沙市雅礼中学2025-2026学年高三上学期1月月考英语试题节选）
2 separated by vast distances, the two men share a common purpose: using martial arts as a vehicle for cross-cultural dialogue. Their work shows how ancient forms — whether Eastern or Western — can cross borders (border), spark mutual respect, and continue to live through new generations.
【答案】While/Although/Though
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管相隔万里，这两个人有着共同的目标：以武术为载体进行跨文化对话。根据“separated by vast distances”及“share a common purpose”可知，此空表让步，应用while/although/though，位于句首，首字母大写。故填While/Although/Though。
【变式3-1】（2026届浙江省浙江七校联盟一模英语试题节选）
What makes Guochao truly special is its power to tell Chinese stories through modern design. 1 it continues to expand worldwide, more young talents join in, spreading Chinese culture and confidence to every corner of the world.
【变式3-2】（湖南省长沙市雨花区长沙市雅礼中学2025-2026学年高三上学期1月月考英语试题节选）
International Nurses Day is an annual celebration of the vital work and role of nurses around the world. The event, which was first marked in 1965, 2 (create) by the International Council of Nurses.
【变式3-3】(湖南省长沙市长郡中学2025-2026学年高三上学期月考（五）英语试题节选)
3 matcha products gain popularity, so does the young consumers’ interest in its profound culture.
A
（江苏省无锡市2025-2026学年高三上学期期末试题）
Mooncakes are more than just a traditional pastry; they are a symbol of unity, heritage, and celebration in Chinese culture. These round or square pastries, 1 (serve) as an integral part of the Mid-Autumn Festival, mark a time for family gatherings and appreciation of the full moon.
2 (historic), with secret messages hidden inside, mooncakes were used as 3 means of communication during the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368). Today, mooncakes, 4 round shape mirrors the full moon, are exchanged as gifts among family, friends, and business associates 5 (celebrate) reunion and harmony.
6 (preference) for mooncakes vary widely, reflecting regional tastes and modern innovations. Traditional fillings like lotus seed paste and salted egg yolks remain beloved classics. A variety of flavors such as chocolate and matcha 7 (introduce) recently to cater to evolving tastes. The outer crust (外皮) also varies, 8 Cantonese-style mooncakes featuring a thin, tender crust and Suzhou-style ones boasting a flaky, layered exterior.
Ultimately, mooncakes are more than a 9 (season) treat; they are a vessel for cultural identity and personal expression. 10 enjoyed in their traditional form or as innovative creations, mooncakes continue to bring people together, bridging the past and present with every bite.
B
（2026届辽宁省沈阳市高三一模英语试题）
I came to China to tell stories but ended up living them. Over the past 20 years since my arrival, I 1 (travel) to every province, collecting extraordinary experiences, from mountains and forests to remote villages and tundras (冻土), not to mention hunting with eagles on horseback.
These stories didn’t just become popular videos. They rewrote my life. 2 (receive) China’s Special Book Award, the highest literary honor for foreigners, was both a surprise and an honor. This has opened new access to cultural exchange.
Through writing and publishing, we don’t just translate words — we translate 3 (world). My latest book, Closer to Heaven, demonstrates many moving scenes 4 ordinary people are making efforts to improve their lives. Its emphasis on individual voices 5 (make) these stories resonate (共鸣) across cultures. I was 6 (particular) moved when Chinese readers said they learned about their own country through my writing.
The book’s success in becoming 7 bestseller, as well as its translation into many languages, shows that these stories can bridge the gap 8 cultures. Every story we share, every book we publish, makes our world larger in 9 (imagine) and smaller in familiarity. And I, for one, am happy 10 (share) this world of words with you.
C
（2026届四川省攀枝花市高三上学期第一次统一考试英语试题）
When Cavazzuti, an Italian student, first saw China on a map in his teenage years, he was filled with 1 (curious). He learned that Chinese was taught at a university in Venice and traveled to the city to investigate. Nevertheless, there was little introduction to the program. Some people tried to persuade him not to learn the language, 2 the young Cavazzuti disobeyed. “The more they discouraged me, the more I thought it was worth doing,” he recalled.
After joining the program, Cavazzuti got the opportunity 3 (learn) the Chinese language at Nanjing University in 1981. The next year, he 4 (offer) a scholarship to study contemporary Chinese literature at Fudan University.
Between 1981 and 1984, Cavazzuti took pictures of locals across China. 5 (Image) of workers, farmers, hairdressers and kids were captured by his lenses. Cavazzuti displayed his 6 (amaze) photos at an exhibition in Beijing in 1993. And 18 years later, his first Chinese photographic collection At Ease 7 (come) out, showcasing some of his black and white photos 8 (take) between 1981 and 1984. “The photographic collection recorded a bygone era, 9 in fact was significant to Chinese people,” commented Zhi An, a Chinese writer. “Cavazzuti was interested in minute changes in Chinese society, and focused 10 ordinary people’s minor but happy moments, which may have been usually ignored by other photographers.”
D
（辽宁省丹东市2025-2026学年高三上学期期末教学质量监测英语试卷）
In 2024, China’s visa-free transit policy sparked a viral “China Travel” trend on social media. Foreign visitors flocked to China and shared their experiences, with related videos collecting over 80 million 1 (view) on YouTube alone. Take British vloggers Reanne and Ben as an example: their videos, often 2 (title) with words like “shocking” and “unbelievable”, capture genuine awe at China’s blend of modernity and tradition.
This boom reflects China’s shift 3 factor-driven to institutional opening-up, backed by policy innovations that have improved travel 4 (convenient). Meanwhile, the drive to offer more diverse services has been growing stronger. 5 (attract) international tourists, cities nationwide are crafting immersive cultural experiences.
Spending by foreign visitors is 6 (sharp) rising. In Shenzhen alone, the first half of 2025 7 (see) 85.88 million non-cash payment transactions by foreign nationals, with the value 8 (hit) 11.81 billion yuan. It marks year-on-year increases of 29 percent and 35 percent, mostly in supermarket shopping and catering, 9 are clear signs of the continued unleashing of spending potential.
Each “China Travel” story tells of 10 more open, confident, and connected China, adding fresh vitality to the global landscape.
E
（江西省鹰潭市余江区第一中学2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考（第六次模考）英语试题）
The Earth is a wonder of incredible beauty. Among its many breathtaking sights 1 (be) the phenomenon of square waves, which can be observed around the Isle of Ré, a famous island in France.
2 the common wave patterns seen near most islands, the water around the Isle of Ré sometimes forms a unique square pattern, looking like a chessboard perfectly 3 (place) on the surface of the ocean around this island.
Then why does this occur 4 (specific) in this area It is because the island is located at the meeting point of two seas with different weather and wave patterns. When the two different wave patterns meet, they clash (碰撞) for 5 extended period of time. Then the waves begin to form squares, creating a great view! While it is absolutely amazing 6 (witness) this natural phenomenon, the square waves are 7 (power) and incredibly dangerous. The currents are much stronger than 8 an average person has ever experienced. Swimmers and surfers should be especially careful, as seeing a forming square wave signals a need to leave the area with extreme 9 (urgent). Failure to do so may result in 10 (pull) violently away from unexpected angles.
F
（山西省吕梁市2025-2026学年高三上学期1月月考英语试题）
On January 5, 2024, a small Chinese company called DeepSeek released a new AI system that could answer questions, solve logic problems and write computer programs as 1 (capable) as AI models from leading AI companies like OpenAI and Meta.
That alone would have been a milestone. But the team behind the system, called DeepSeek-V3, described 2 even bigger step in a research paper: Only about $6 million are used 3 (build) their new system. That is 95% cheaper than OpenAI’s old.
“But the 4 (big) decision is to make the code open-source and it will benefit consumers and transform society,” said Chris Nicholson, an investor 5 focuses on AI technologies. “For AI to transform society and benefit consumers, 6 needs to be cheap and out of the control of any country or company.”
Since OpenAI released its ChatGPT in 2022, many experts and investors had concluded that no company could compete with leading American AI companies since the widely 7 (accept) wisdom was that they are among the richest companies in the world and that they could stay ahead in the AI sector by spending billions of dollars on 8 (create) advanced chips and building out huge data centers (despite the environmental cost).
Now, the wisdom has been called into question. DeepSeek shows how competition and 9 (innovate) will make AI cheaper and therefore more useful. DeepSeek’s engineers said they needed only about 2,000 specialized computer chips from Nvidia. It is just one 10 (ten) of the computing power used by Meta’s Llama 3.1 model.
G
（安徽省华师联盟2025-20206学年高三上学期1月质量检测英语试题）
An e-commerce training programme in the Ningxia Hui autonomous region has brought together young entrepreneurs (企业家) from China and abroad 1 (boost) digital trade and deepen cultural ties. The three-day event, 2 (hold) in mid-August in Guyuan city, drew more than 60 participants from Ningxia and countries including Yemen and Egypt. The training is aimed at 3 (enhance) mutual understanding and friendship, strengthening e-commerce cooperation, upgrading local industries, 4 boosting the digital economy.
Among the trainees was Turkmenistan’s Orazbayev Gurban, a student at Ningxia University, 5 expressed strong interest in China’s e-commerce ecosystem — 6 (particular) livestreaming e-commerce and social e-commerce models. “China is a leader in this field. It’s no longer just ‘online shopping’ — it’s a complete ecosystem that integrates entertainment, social interaction and instant 7 (consume). I’m eager to explore deeper and learn its core operational logic,” he said.
Gurban also highlighted Ningxia’s strategic role 8 a pioneer in economic and trade exchanges between China and Arab countries. The region is developing a comprehensive pilot zone for cross-border e-commerce, offering an excellent platform for young 9 (innovator) from Arab countries, he said and hoped his own experience would help promote e-commerce between China and Arab countries involved in the Belt and Road Initiative. He added, “While e-commerce is growing rapidly in my motherland nowadays, it still 10 (rely) on traditional shelf-based models.”
H
（河南省青桐鸣联考2025-2026学年高三上学期1月联考英语试卷）
A Chinese research team has developed a deep-learning tool called DeepWheat, 1 can help plant growers to predict the parts that decide plant features with high 2 (accurate). It uses AI to accurately predict how genes work in different plant parts and types of crops. This is very useful because crops like wheat have a 3 (remarkable) large set of genetic materials — about 40 times 4 (big) than rice’s, and five times the size of humans’.
5 (address) this complexity, the team built two core models into one tool. DeepWheat can find out how changing genes 6 (affect) plants and predict these changes clearly. Many crop genes can influence multiple traits (特征), sometimes in good ways and sometimes in bad ones. For example, 7 rice gene might increase the number of flowers but weaken the stems (茎) if it’s too active. Current gene-editing relies on tiring, blind trial and error. DeepWheat offers a better alternative: systems that enable researchers to keep 8 (run) computer simulations (模拟) for testing all possible gene changes let them spot useful adjustments before real experiments, improving precision and saving effort.
Successfully 9 (test) in rice and corn, the tool has proved effective for many crops. It identifies key parts, improves editing targets, and solves a farming bottleneck — when improving one trait weakens another. By making better gene networks, DeepWheat reduces such trade-offs, speeds up good trait combination, and serves 10 a practical AI solution for developing high-quality crops.
I
（河北省联考2025-2026学年高三上学期1月月考英语试题）
The Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region in Northwest China, vast in territory and rich in resources, has long been home to diverse ethnic groups 1 (live) together for centuries. Its splendid cultural heritage shines like a great epic (史诗), telling stories of timeless 2 (wise) and emotion. These treasures are not only carriers of tradition 3 windows into the region’s unique charm.
The Xinjiang Uygur Muqam art is a comprehensive art form 4 integrates singing, dancing and music. It is a collective (集体的) term for the different Muqams 5 (perform) in Uygur-inhabited areas across Xinjiang. Among them, the “Twelve Muqams” are the most 6 (wide) acted in southern Xinjiang and in Ili area in northern Xinjiang.
Muqam is the 7 (fascinate) classical music of the Uyghur people, referring to a grand set of musical compositions. It is a vast artistic creation and a treasured heritage of the Uyghur people, praised 8 the “Pearl of Eastern Music”.
In 2008, Muqam 9 (add) to the UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Efforts 10 (protect) it include the establishment of the Muqam Heritage Center in 2007, ensuring its melodies (旋律), dances and stories continue to develop well.
J
（广东省汕头市2025-2026学年高三上学期教学质量监测英语试题）
The world’s first solar magnetic-field (磁场) telescope operating in the mid-infrared wavelength (中红外波长) range has 1 (official) become operational after gaining government 2 (approve), marking a major breakthrough in solar magnetic field research.
The telescope, known as the Accurate Infrared Magnetic Field Measurements of the Sun, or AIMS, is located in Lenghu township, Qinghai province, 3 an average altitude of about 4,000 meters. AIMS’ development addresses a long-standing bottleneck in the century-old history of solar magnetic field measurements by achieving 4 leap from indirect to direct measurement.
The telescope reduces the impact of high environmental background noise in the mid-infrared wavelength range. 5 (combine) with cooling technologies, this design improves the precision of magnetic field measurements. In addition, the team has invented a new way 6 (adjust) polarized light (偏振光) and built a mirror-only instrument, 7 prevents unwanted polarization effects from affecting their results.
The telescope 8 (expect) to operate year round. Weather 9 (permit), it will have an anticipated 250 days of observation annually. The data collected will support fundamental research in solar physics and advance studies in space weather forecast. And the researchers further plan to collaborate with some leading international teams to maximize its 10 (science) impact.
K
（江苏省徐州市徐州一中、徐州三中2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题）
Lady White Snake is a dance production by Shanghai Grand Theater. It will make its first US 1 (appear) at the “Summer at the Lincoln Center” festival in New York. The performances will show the artistic vision 2 cultural vitality of contemporary China to global audiences.
Three shows of the dance theater’s reinterpretation of the classic Chinese legend 3 (schedule) to be held at the David H. Koch Theater, a 4 (symbol) venue (场所) within the Lincoln Center complex, on July 26 and 27. These performances 5 (showcase) the talents of Chinese artists will allow US audiences to gain a profound experience of cultural imagination. 6 also makes this event significant is its intention to promote international cooperation and people-to-people exchange through cultural interaction.
The dance is an 7 (artistic) groundbreaking recreation of China’s folk legend, The Tale of the White Snake. Zhang Xiaoding, general manager of SGT, said that the company’s aim of creating Lady White Snake in 2021 was 8 (innovate): “We want to converge (汇集) different types of art, and retell 9 legend through a blend of classical ballet and Chinese classical dance.” This innovative approach allows the production to move 10 traditional narrative (叙述), exploring human emotions and expressing the inner spirit of human beings.
L
（湖北省八校联考2025-2026学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题）
The ancient proverb “Plants, trees and forests are a nation’s wealth” originates 1 the classic text Guan Zi, written by philosopher and
statesman Guan Zhong some 2,700 years ago. It expresses the idea that a good ecological environment has both economic and social value.
China 1 (put) significant efforts to advance an ecological civilization so far. The belief that “green is gold” reflects the 2 (share) understanding that prioritizing environmental harmony is crucial for both nature and humanity.
Take Yucun Village in Zhejiang for example. Once a major limestone-mining (石灰石开采) area, the village has transformed 3 (it) into a picturesque community featuring a sea of bamboo, becoming a popular tourist destination. Youyu County in Shanxi, 4 once suffered from droughts, has witnessed a sharp increase in forest coverage, rising 5 (violent) from less than 0.3 percent 70 years ago to 57 percent now. The once poor land is now a lush oasis(绿洲), with an eco-farm and agro-tourism 6 (emerge) as major sources of local income.
7 (harmonize) the preservation and restoration of ecosystems in various landscapes, the Chinese Government has launched the Shan-Shui Initiative. Under 8 initiative, dozens of large-scale projects have been carried out. The efforts to translate these environmental benefits into a solid 9 (found) for ecological agriculture, industry and tourism continue to be a priority throughout China.21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)题型34 复合句
题型简介
复合句填空是高考英语语法填空中实现信息整合与逻辑分层的高级构建题型。该题型要求学生突破简单句的线性表达，分析主句与从句之间的修饰、陈述、因果、条件等复杂逻辑关系，并据此选用一个精准的“逻辑连接件”（引导词）将主从结构无缝焊接。它绝非对连接词的机械匹配，而是对学生解构句子成分、辨识深层逻辑，并运用英语句法进行复杂思想表达的综合性思维检验。该题型主要围绕三大核心从句的构建逻辑展开考查：
定语从句：考查学生如何用一个从句去限定或修饰一个名词或代词（即先行词）。解题关键在于分析先行词在从句中充当何种成分（主语、宾语、状语等），并据此选择关系词（that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why 或“介词+which”）。
名词性从句：考查学生如何用一个从句来充当主句中的某个名词性成分（主语、宾语、表语、同位语）。解题关键在于判断从句在主句中的句法功能，并据此选择从属连词（that, whether, if）、连接代词（what, who, which, whose）或连接副词（when, where, how, why）。
状语从句：考查学生如何用一个从句来修饰主句的动词、形容词或副词，表达时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式、比较等逻辑关系。解题关键在于识别主从句之间的具体逻辑关系，并据此选择相应的从属连词（如 when, because, if, so that, although, as if, than 等）。
这三类从句的考查虽各有侧重，但其核心交汇点均在于对引导词的精准选择。引导词的选择，同时受制于从句内部的成分缺失（定语从句、名词性从句）与主从句之间的外部逻辑（状语从句）双重因素。这要求学生在解题时，必须执行“先定类，后分析”的两步判断，是衡量其句法分析能力与逻辑思维是否成熟的核心试金石。
设题类型&解题思路
核心定位：句子核心的“三位一体”管控
动词的时态、语态与主谓一致共同构成英语句子的核心框架，是语法填空的必考与难点。三者常综合考查，要求学生具备在动态语境中进行时间定位、关系判断和形式统一的复合能力。这是衡量学生语言基本功与逻辑缜密度的终极标尺。
考向01 定语从句：名词的“后置修饰镜”
核心定位：定语从句考查的是用一个句子去修饰或限定一个名词（先行词）的能力。其核心矛盾在于：先行词在从句中扮演什么角色？ 解题的本质就是为从句中缺失的“角色”选择一个正确的“演员”（关系词）。
设题类型与解题思路：
类型一：考查关系代词（that, which, who, whom, whose）
解题思路 - “成分分析法”：
1. 定先行词：找到空格前被修饰的名词（即先行词）。
2. 析从句成分：将先行词代入后面的定语从句中，看它在从句中充当什么成分。
充当主语：指人用 who/that，指物用 which/that。
充当宾语：指人用 whom/who/that（可省略），指物用 which/that（可省略）。
充当定语（表示“…的”）：无论指人指物，都用 whose。
例题解析：
The scientist ______ made this discovery is very young.
答案：who 或 that
分析：先行词是 The scientist（人）。将其代入从句：______ made this discovery，可见“科学家”在从句中充当主语。应选用作主语的关系代词。
类型二：考查关系副词（when, where, why）或“介词+which”
解题思路 - “状语判断法”：
1. 定先行词：找到先行词。
2. 判从句完整性：观察定语从句本身是否已具备完整的主谓结构。
3．补逻辑关系：如果从句主谓完整，则空格需要的是一个副词性成分，用来表示时间(when)、地点(where)、原因(why)或方式。此时，先行词若是time, day等时间类名词，则考虑when；若是place, city等地点名，则考虑where；若是reason，则考虑why。等价结构“介词+which”也常考（如 in which = where）。
例题解析：
I’ll never forget the day ______ we first met.
答案：when 或 on which
分析：先行词是 the day（时间）。从句 we first met 主谓宾完整，只缺一个表示“在那天”的时间状语。
类型三：考查非限制性定语从句或固定结构
解题思路：
1. 看逗号：如果空格前有逗号，多为非限制性定语从句，指物时不能用 that，常用 which（指代前面整句话或某个词）。
2. 记特殊：记忆固定情况，如先行词是不定代词（all, much, anything）或被序数词、最高级等修饰时，常用 that；the same...as, such...as 等固定搭配。
例题解析：
He passed the driving test, ______ surprised all of us.
答案：which
分析：空格前有逗号，为非限制性定语从句。which 指代前面整件事“他通过驾照考试”。
考向02 名词性从句：句中的“多功能组件”
核心定位：名词性从句考查的是用一个句子来充当另一个句子（主句）中某个名词性成分（主语、宾语、表语、同位语）的能力。解题关键在于判断从句在主句中的句法功能。
设题类型与解题思路：
类型一：考查连接词that, whether, if
解题思路 - “句意完整性判断法”：
1. 看从句意思：如果从句本身是一个完整的陈述句，只需将其名词化，则用不充当任何成分的 that（宾语从句中可省略）。
2. 看是否含疑问：如果从句含有“是否”的疑问意义，则用 whether 或 if（if通常只引导宾语从句且后不能接or not）。
例题解析：______ the experiment will succeed is still unknown.
答案：That
分析：从句 the experiment will succeed 是一个意义完整的陈述句，但整个从句作为主句的主语，需要连接词来引导。此处无“是否”之意。
类型二：考查连接代词（what, who, which, whose）或连接副词（when, where, how, why）
解题思路 - “成分缺失判断法”：
1. 定从句功能：先确定名词性从句在主句中作什么（常为动词或介词的宾语）。
2. 析从句内部：分析名词性从句本身的结构。如果从句中缺少主语、宾语或定语，则用连接代词；如果从句主谓完整，但缺少时间、地点、原因、方式等状语，则用连接副词。
3. what 的妙用：what 是高频考点，相当于“the thing(s) that”，在从句中常作主语或宾语。
例题解析：
The city is no longer ______ it used to be ten years ago.
答案：what (相当于 the city that)
分析：空格处在 is 后作表语。从句 it used to be ______ 中，be 动词后缺少表语成分。
类型三：考查同位语从句（通常用that引导）
解题思路：识别抽象名词（如 news, idea, fact, promise, belief 等），如果空格后的从句是对该名词内容的具体解释说明（而非修饰限定），且从句意义完整，则用 that。
例题解析：
We heard the news ______ our team had won.
答案：that (引导同位语从句，不可省略)
分析：the news 是抽象名词。从句 our team had won 完整地陈述了“消息”的具体内容。
考向03 状语从句：主句的“逻辑调节器”
核心定位：状语从句考查的是为整个主句动作添加时间、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步等背景或逻辑关系的能力。解题首要任务是识别主从句间的逻辑关系。
设题类型与解题思路：
解题核心 - “逻辑关系判断法”：
1. 读句子，抓主干：理解主句和从句的基本意思。
2. 判逻辑，选连词：分析从句是如何说明主句的。
时间：when, while, as, before, after, since, until, as soon as
原因：because, since, as, now that
条件：if, unless, as long as
目的：so that, in order that
结果：so...that, such...that
让步：although, though, even if, no matter how/who/what
方式：as, as if
比较：than, as...as
例题解析： ______ it is raining heavily, the football match has been postponed.
答案：Because 或 Since 或 As
分析：从句“正下着大雨”和主句“比赛被推迟”之间是明显的因果关系。
综合提示：状语从句还需注意“主将从现”（条件、时间状语从句中，用现在时态表将来）等特殊规则，但语法填空主要考查引导词本身。
终极解题心法：
面对复合句引导词填空，问自己三个问题：
1. 这个从句是干什么的？（修饰名词→定语从句；充当成分→名词性从句；表示逻辑关系→状语从句）
2. 这个从句内部缺什么？（定语/名词性从句：缺成分？缺状语？；状语从句：只缺逻辑连词）
3. 这个从句和主句是什么关系？（特别是状语从句）
考向01 定语从句考点
【例1-1】(安徽省六安市毛坦厂中学2025-2026学年高三上学期1月综合素质检测英语试题节选)
A service desk was set up in the hall, 1 staff handled final check-in arrangements. Final Games preparations were in full swing during the festival.
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：大厅里设立了服务台，工作人员在那里办理最后的入住手续。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是a service desk，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以空处需用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。
【例1-2】(2026届湖南省湘潭市第一中学高三第一次教学质量测试英语试题节选)
The craft’s rising appeal is part of a broader rejuvenation of traditional skills across China, 2 has been promoted by national policy.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这门工艺吸引力的提升，是中国传统技艺全面复兴的一个缩影，而这场复兴是由国家政策推动的。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“a broader rejuvenation of traditional skills”，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，需用“which”引导。故填which。
【例1-3】(2026届浙江省北斗星盟高三一模英语试题节选)
Today, this legacy is carried forward by contemporary women writers across China and the globe, 3 continue this foundational way of seeing and writing about the world.
【答案】who
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：如今，这一遗产由中国及全球的当代女性作家传承下去，她们延续了这种观察和书写世界的基本方式。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为contemporary women writers，指人，在从句中作主语，用关系代词who。故填who。
【变式1-1】（2026届云南省云南师范大学附属中学高考适应性月考卷1月卷英语试卷节选）
He seized the opportunity, not only getting (get) his career back on track but also showcasing his incredible talent, 1 led many to compare him to Ronnie O’Sullivan and Jimmy White.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他抓住了这个机会，不仅让自己的职业生涯重回正轨，还展示了自己惊人的天赋，这让许多人将他与罗尼·奥沙利文和吉米·怀特相提并论。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个句子，且关系词在从句中作主语，所以此处应使用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。
【变式1-2】（湖南省益阳市2025-2026学年高三上学期9月教学质量监测英语试题节选）
Performing a routine titled “Soul of the Terracotta Army”, the Chinese team topped the preliminary (预赛) round and carried that momentum (势头) into the team acrobatic final, 3 they scored 229.0186 points to secure the gold.
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国队以《兵马俑之魂》为主题的动作参加比赛，在预赛中拔得头筹，并将这一势头延续到集体技巧决赛中，最终以229.0186分夺得金牌。所填空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the team acrobatic final，指地点，且在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
【变式1-3】（2025届江苏省南通市崇川区高三上学期第一次调研考试英语试题节选）
Inspired by videos posted by Chinese creators living abroad 3 shared their experiences, Chinese consumers and businesses have quickly accepted the idea,…..
【答案】who/that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：受到国外中国创作者发布的分享其经历的视频的启发，中国消费者和企业迅速接受了这一理念，这使得北京、上海和成都等中国主要城市也出现了类似的业务。此空考查定语从句，先行词为Chinese creators为人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用who或that引导。故填who或that。
考向02 名词性从句考点
【例2-1】(辽宁省县级重点高中协作体2025-2026学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题节选)
According to UNESCO, the new international day is believed (believe) to boost the popularization and international exchange of Taijiquan and promote its ideas of “balance between yin and yang”, “harmonious coexistence”, and “overcoming strength with gentleness”. That’s 1 Taijiquan may promote human exchanges and mutual learning among different civilizations.
【答案】why
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：这正是太极拳能够促进不同文明之间人文交流与互学互鉴的原因。此处引导表语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，结合句意，此处表原因，用连接副词why。故填why。
【例2-2】(湖北省荆州中学2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题节选)
The Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge in Guizhou province, the world’s tallest, opened to traffic on September 28th, turning 2 was once a two-hour drive across the deep valley into a trip of barely two minutes.
【答案】what
【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：贵州省的花江大峡谷大桥是世界最高桥，于9月28日通车，将曾经穿越深谷需两小时的车程缩短至仅两分钟。空格处引导宾语从句，作动词turning的宾语，从句中缺少主语，指代“曾经的车程这件事”，需用连接代词what。故填what。
【例2-3】(湖南省名校新高考教学教研联盟2025-2026学年高考第一次大联考英语试题节选)
3 truly sets the Nexus apart is its AI-powered irrigation system. Using weather predictions and soil sensors, it calculates precisely how much water each plant needs, reducing waste by 90% compared to traditional methods.
【答案】What
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：真正让Nexus与众不同的是其人工智能驱动的灌溉系统。此处引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“……的事物”，应用连接代词what，句首单词首字母应大写。故填What。
【变式2-1】(浙江省绍兴市柯桥区2025-2026学年高三上学期高考科目适应性考试英语试题节选)
Collins chose it because it demonstrates 1 language evolves with technology.
【答案】how
【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：他将其描述为借助人工智能开发应用程序，而无需考虑代码的编写方式。空格处引导宾语从句，作介词about的宾语，从句中缺少方式状语，意为“如何、怎样”，故填how。
【变式2-2】(2026届湖南省郴州市高三上学期第一次教学质量监测英语试题节选)
In 1812, the first Chinese immigrants to Brazil planted tea trees in 2 is now the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden, a witness to the China-Brazil friendship.
【答案】what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：1812年，第一批来到巴西的中国移民在现在的里约热内卢植物园种植茶树，这里见证了中巴友谊。空格处引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，从句中缺少主语，表示“……的地方”，所以用what引导。故填what。
【变式2-3】(2026高三全国专题练习节选)
Apart from the usual finds, people have uncovered records of the earliest examples of Chinese writing and proof _____3___ they were producers of the world’s oldest
【答案】that
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意:除了通常的发现，人们还发现了最早的中国文字的记录，并证明他们是世界上最古老的文字的创造者。空格处引导的是同位语从句，解释说明proof的具体内容，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此用that引导同位语从句，故填that。
考向03 状语从句考点
【例3-1】(安徽省六安市毛坦厂中学2025-2026学年高三上学期1月综合素质检测英语试题节选)
As was reported in news stories, the city’s ice tradition dates back decades, drawing tourists yearly. Shop entrances were decorated with red couplets, creating a festive atmosphere. Preparations continued 1 Chinese New Year’s Eve, when the Games’ media village opened.
【答案】until
【详解】考查连词。句意：准备工作一直持续到除夕，当天，本届赛事的媒体村正式启用。表示 “持续到某个时间点” 用until引导时间状语从句。故填until。
【例3-2】（湖南省长沙市雨花区长沙市雅礼中学2025-2026学年高三上学期1月月考英语试题节选）
2 separated by vast distances, the two men share a common purpose: using martial arts as a vehicle for cross-cultural dialogue. Their work shows how ancient forms — whether Eastern or Western — can cross borders (border), spark mutual respect, and continue to live through new generations.
【答案】While/Although/Though
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管相隔万里，这两个人有着共同的目标：以武术为载体进行跨文化对话。根据“separated by vast distances”及“share a common purpose”可知，此空表让步，应用while/although/though，位于句首，首字母大写。故填While/Although/Though。
【变式3-1】（2026届浙江省浙江七校联盟一模英语试题节选）
What makes Guochao truly special is its power to tell Chinese stories through modern design. 1 it continues to expand worldwide, more young talents join in, spreading Chinese culture and confidence to every corner of the world.
【答案】As/When
【详解】考查连词。句意：随着国潮在全球持续发展，越来越多的青年才俊加入其中，将中国文化与自信传播到世界的每个角落。此处为连词引导的状语从句，结合句意，此处表示“随着/当……时”，用连词as/when引导时间状语从句，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填As/When。
【变式3-2】（湖南省长沙市雨花区长沙市雅礼中学2025-2026学年高三上学期1月月考英语试题节选）
International Nurses Day is an annual celebration of the vital work and role of nurses around the world. The event, which was first marked in 1965, 2 (create) by the International Council of Nurses.
【答案】While/Although/Though
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管相隔万里，这两个人有着共同的目标：以武术为载体进行跨文化对话。根据“separated by vast distances”及“share a common purpose”可知，此空表让步，应用while/although/though，位于句首，首字母大写。故填While/Although/Though。
【变式3-3】(湖南省长沙市长郡中学2025-2026学年高三上学期月考（五）英语试题节选)
3 matcha products gain popularity, so does the young consumers’ interest in its profound culture.
【答案】As
【解析】考查连词。句意：随着抹茶产品的日益流行，年轻消费者对其深厚文化的兴趣也与日俱增。此处 as引导时间状语从句，表示“随着……”，位于句首，首字母需大写。 故填As。
A
（江苏省无锡市2025-2026学年高三上学期期末试题）
Mooncakes are more than just a traditional pastry; they are a symbol of unity, heritage, and celebration in Chinese culture. These round or square pastries, 1 (serve) as an integral part of the Mid-Autumn Festival, mark a time for family gatherings and appreciation of the full moon.
2 (historic), with secret messages hidden inside, mooncakes were used as 3 means of communication during the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368). Today, mooncakes, 4 round shape mirrors the full moon, are exchanged as gifts among family, friends, and business associates 5 (celebrate) reunion and harmony.
6 (preference) for mooncakes vary widely, reflecting regional tastes and modern innovations. Traditional fillings like lotus seed paste and salted egg yolks remain beloved classics. A variety of flavors such as chocolate and matcha 7 (introduce) recently to cater to evolving tastes. The outer crust (外皮) also varies, 8 Cantonese-style mooncakes featuring a thin, tender crust and Suzhou-style ones boasting a flaky, layered exterior.
Ultimately, mooncakes are more than a 9 (season) treat; they are a vessel for cultural identity and personal expression. 10 enjoyed in their traditional form or as innovative creations, mooncakes continue to bring people together, bridging the past and present with every bite.
【答案】
1．serving 2．Historically 3．a 4．whose 5．to celebrate 6．Preferences 7．have been introduced 8．with 9．seasonal 10．Whether
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了月饼作为中秋节象征团圆的传统美食，其历史起源、形状寓意及种类变化。虽口味不断创新，但其承载的文化认同与情感纽带始终不变。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些圆形或方形的糕点是中秋节不可或缺的一部分，它们象征着家庭团聚以及对满月的欣赏。句子已有谓语动词mark，且空处无连词连接，serve与pastries为主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语。故填serving。
2．考查副词。句意：从历史上看，在元朝时期（1271 - 1368 年），月饼被用于藏匿秘密信息，成为一种用于传递信息的手段。修饰后文句子用副词historically，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Historically。
3．考查冠词。句意：从历史上看，在元朝时期（1271 - 1368 年），月饼被用于藏匿秘密信息，成为一种用于传递信息的手段。means在此处表示“方式、手段”，单复数同形，此处表泛指，且means以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a，短语a means of表示“一种……手段”。故填a。
4．考查定语从句。句意：如今，月饼的圆形外形恰似满月，人们会将其作为礼物相互赠予，以庆祝团圆与和谐。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为mooncakes，与从句中的round shape构成所属关系，应用关系代词whose在从句作定语，故用whose。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，月饼的圆形外形恰似满月，人们会将其作为礼物相互赠予，以庆祝团圆与和谐。此处celebrate作目的状语，说明互赠月饼的目的，用不定式。故填to celebrate。
6．考查名词的数。句意：人们对月饼的偏好差异很大，这反映了地域口味和现代创新。空处作句子主语，应用名词形式preference，为可数名词，根据后文谓语vary为原形，可知主语为复数，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Preferences。
7．考查时态语态。句意：最近推出了多种口味的产品，如巧克力味和抹茶味，以满足不断变化的消费者口味需求。主语A variety of flavors与introduce构成被动关系，结合recently可知为现在完成时的被动语态，主语为复数，助动词用have。故填have been introduced。
8．考查介词。句意：外皮的种类也有所不同，广式月饼的外皮薄而柔软，而苏式月饼的外皮则具有酥脆、层次分明的特点。此处为“with +宾语+宾补”结构作伴随状语，补充说明外皮的不同种类。故填with。
9．考查形容词。句意：最终，月饼不仅仅是一种季节性的美食；它们还是承载文化认同和个人表达的载体。修饰名词treat用形容词seasonal，作定语。故填seasonal。
10．考查固定句型。句意：无论是以传统形式享用，还是作为创新之作品尝，月饼始终能将人们凝聚在一起，通过每一口食物将过去与现在紧密相连。表示“无论是……还是……”句型为whether…or…，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Whether。
B
（2026届辽宁省沈阳市高三一模英语试题）
I came to China to tell stories but ended up living them. Over the past 20 years since my arrival, I 1 (travel) to every province, collecting extraordinary experiences, from mountains and forests to remote villages and tundras (冻土), not to mention hunting with eagles on horseback.
These stories didn’t just become popular videos. They rewrote my life. 2 (receive) China’s Special Book Award, the highest literary honor for foreigners, was both a surprise and an honor. This has opened new access to cultural exchange.
Through writing and publishing, we don’t just translate words — we translate 3 (world). My latest book, Closer to Heaven, demonstrates many moving scenes 4 ordinary people are making efforts to improve their lives. Its emphasis on individual voices 5 (make) these stories resonate (共鸣) across cultures. I was 6 (particular) moved when Chinese readers said they learned about their own country through my writing.
The book’s success in becoming 7 bestseller, as well as its translation into many languages, shows that these stories can bridge the gap 8 cultures. Every story we share, every book we publish, makes our world larger in 9 (imagine) and smaller in familiarity. And I, for one, am happy 10 (share) this world of words with you.
【答案】
1．have traveled/have travelled 2．Receiving 3．worlds 4．where 5．makes 6．particularly 7．a 8．between 9．imagination 10．to share
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者来到中国后的经历、所获荣誉、作品及其影响，以及作者对文化交流的感悟。
1．考查时态。句意：自从我来到中国后的20年里，我走遍了每一个省份，收集了非凡的经历，从山川森林到偏远的村庄和冻土带，更不用说骑马用鹰狩猎了。根据时间状语“Over the past 20 years since my arrival”可知，句子应使用现在完成时，主语为I，助动词用have。故填have traveled或have travelled。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：获得中国特别图书奖，这是对外国人的最高文学荣誉，既是一个惊喜，也是一种荣誉。receive“获得”。本空在句中作主语，表泛指的动作，需用动名词形式，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Receiving。
3．考查名词复数。句意：通过写作和出版，我们不仅仅是在翻译文字，我们是在翻译世界。此处表示翻译不同的世界，应用名词world“世界”的复数形式worlds，作translate的宾语。故填worlds。
4．考查定语从句。句意：我的新书《更接近天堂》展示了许多感人的场景，在这些场景中，普通人正在努力改善他们的生活。本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词scenes，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
5．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：书中对个体声音的关注，让这些故事跨越文化界限，引发了广泛共鸣。本句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语emphasis为不可数名词，谓语动词使用make“使得”的第三人称单数形式。故填makes。
6．考查副词。句意：当中国读者说他们通过我的写作了解了自己的国家时，我特别感动。本空修饰形容词moved，应用副词particularly“特别地”，作状语。故填particularly。
7．考查冠词。句意：这本书成为一本畅销书，并被翻译成多种语言，这表明这些故事可以弥合文化之间的差距。此处表示泛指“一本畅销书”，且bestseller以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
8．考查介词。句意：这本书成为一本畅销书，并被翻译成多种语言，这表明这些故事可以弥合文化之间的差距。此处表示“文化之间的差距”，应用介词between“在……之间”。故填between。
9．考查名词。句意：我们分享的每一个故事，出版的每一本书，都让我们的世界在想象中变得更大，在熟悉中变得更小。本空作介词in的宾语，应用名词imagination“想象”。故填imagination。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：就我而言，我很高兴与你们分享这个文字世界。be happy to do sth.为固定短语，意为“很高兴做某事”，所以此处应用动词share“分享”的不定式。故填to share。
C
（2026届四川省攀枝花市高三上学期第一次统一考试英语试题）
When Cavazzuti, an Italian student, first saw China on a map in his teenage years, he was filled with 1 (curious). He learned that Chinese was taught at a university in Venice and traveled to the city to investigate. Nevertheless, there was little introduction to the program. Some people tried to persuade him not to learn the language, 2 the young Cavazzuti disobeyed. “The more they discouraged me, the more I thought it was worth doing,” he recalled.
After joining the program, Cavazzuti got the opportunity 3 (learn) the Chinese language at Nanjing University in 1981. The next year, he 4 (offer) a scholarship to study contemporary Chinese literature at Fudan University.
Between 1981 and 1984, Cavazzuti took pictures of locals across China. 5 (Image) of workers, farmers, hairdressers and kids were captured by his lenses. Cavazzuti displayed his 6 (amaze) photos at an exhibition in Beijing in 1993. And 18 years later, his first Chinese photographic collection At Ease 7 (come) out, showcasing some of his black and white photos 8 (take) between 1981 and 1984. “The photographic collection recorded a bygone era, 9 in fact was significant to Chinese people,” commented Zhi An, a Chinese writer. “Cavazzuti was interested in minute changes in Chinese society, and focused 10 ordinary people’s minor but happy moments, which may have been usually ignored by other photographers.”
【答案】
1．curiosity 2．but 3．to learn 4．was offered 5．Images 6．amazing 7．came 8．taken 9．which 10．on
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了意大利学生Cavazzuti对中国语言和文化产生浓厚兴趣，克服困难学习中文，并在1981年至1984年间拍摄中国各地普通人的生活照片，最终出版摄影集展示这些珍贵影像的故事。
1．考查名词。句意：当意大利学生Cavazzuti十几岁时第一次在地图上看到中国时，他充满了好奇。空处需填名词作介词with的宾语，curiosity意为“好奇”，不可数名词。故填curiosity。
2．考查连词。句意：有些人试图劝他不要学这门语言，但年轻的Cavazzuti没有听从。结合语境可知，前后句之间为转折关系，需用连词but连接。故填but。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：加入该项目后，Cavazzuti于1981年获得了在南京大学学习中文的机会。已有谓语动词got，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词opportunity，opportunity后常用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to learn。
4．考查动词时态和语态。句意：第二年，他获得了复旦大学当代中国文学的奖学金。空处需填谓语动词，根据时间状语The next year可知，此处使用一般过去时，主语he和offer为被动关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数，助动词用was。故填was offered。
5．考查名词。句意：工人、农民、理发师和孩子们的形象被他的镜头捕捉下来。空处需填名词作主语，image意为“形象”，是可数名词，根据“of workers, farmers, hairdressers and kids”可知，此处使用名词复数形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Images。
6．考查形容词。句意：1993年，Cavazzuti在北京举办了一场展览，展示了他令人惊叹的照片。空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词photos，此处修饰的是物，需用-ing结尾的形容词。故填amazing。
7．考查动词时态。句意：18年后，他的第一部中国摄影集《自在》出版，展示了1981年至1984年间拍摄的一些黑白照片。空处需填谓语动词，根据时间状语18 years later可知，此处使用一般过去时。故填came。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词came out，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词photos，photos和take为动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填taken。
9．考查定语从句。句意：中国作家智安评论道：“这部摄影集记录了一个逝去的时代，这个时代实际上对中国人是重要的。”空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词era，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。
10．考查介词。句意：“Cavazzuti对中国社会的细微变化感兴趣，关注普通人的微小而快乐的时刻，而这些时刻可能通常会被其他摄影师忽视。”focus on为固定短语，意为“关注”。故填on。
D
（辽宁省丹东市2025-2026学年高三上学期期末教学质量监测英语试卷）
In 2024, China’s visa-free transit policy sparked a viral “China Travel” trend on social media. Foreign visitors flocked to China and shared their experiences, with related videos collecting over 80 million 1 (view) on YouTube alone. Take British vloggers Reanne and Ben as an example: their videos, often 2 (title) with words like “shocking” and “unbelievable”, capture genuine awe at China’s blend of modernity and tradition.
This boom reflects China’s shift 3 factor-driven to institutional opening-up, backed by policy innovations that have improved travel 4 (convenient). Meanwhile, the drive to offer more diverse services has been growing stronger. 5 (attract) international tourists, cities nationwide are crafting immersive cultural experiences.
Spending by foreign visitors is 6 (sharp) rising. In Shenzhen alone, the first half of 2025 7 (see) 85.88 million non-cash payment transactions by foreign nationals, with the value 8 (hit) 11.81 billion yuan. It marks year-on-year increases of 29 percent and 35 percent, mostly in supermarket shopping and catering, 9 are clear signs of the continued unleashing of spending potential.
Each “China Travel” story tells of 10 more open, confident, and connected China, adding fresh vitality to the global landscape.
【答案】
1．views 2．titled 3．from 4．convenience 5．To attract 6．sharply 7．saw 8．hitting 9．which 10．a
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国过境免签政策催生“中国游”社媒热潮，这反映了中国从要素驱动向制度型开放的转变，推动着各地打造文化体验，并带动外籍消费显著增长。
1．考查名词复数。句意：外国游客纷纷涌向中国并分享他们的经历，仅YouTube平台上相关视频的观看量就超过了8000万次。空处作collecting的宾语，根据“over 80 million”可知，可数名词view“观看次数”需用复数形式。故填views。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：以英国视频博主Reanne和Ben为例：他们的视频标题常常带有“震撼”、“难以置信”等字眼，捕捉到了对中国现代与传统交融所表现出的真实惊叹。句子已有谓语，空处是非谓语，作their videos的后置定语，title“加标题”和their videos逻辑上是动宾关系，因此用title的过去分词形式表被动。故填titled。
3．考查介词。句意：这股热潮反映了中国从要素驱动向制度型开放的转变，其背后是提升了旅行便利度的政策创新作为支撑。根据“China’s shift”和“factor-driven to institutional opening-up”可知，此处用固定搭配shift from ... to ...表示“从……向……的转变”。故填from。
4．考查名词。句意：这股热潮反映了中国从要素驱动向制度型开放的转变，其背后是提升了旅行便利度的政策创新作为支撑。空处作improved的宾语，被travel修饰，名词convenience符合题意，意为“方便，便利”，是不可数名词。故填convenience。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了吸引国际游客，全国各大城市正在打造沉浸式的文化体验。句子已有谓语，空处是非谓语，作目的状语，表示“为了……”，应用attract“吸引”的不定式形式，句首单词首字母需大写。故填To attract。
6．考查副词。句意：外国游客的消费正在急剧增长。空处修饰动词rising，应用副词sharply，意为“急剧地，突然大幅度地”。故填sharply。
7．考查动词时态。句意：仅在深圳，2025年上半年外籍人士的非现金支付交易就达到8588万笔，交易金额高达118.1亿元人民币。空处作句子的谓语，根据“the first half of 2025”可知，本句描述在此期间发生某事，时态应用一般过去时。故填saw。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：仅在深圳，2025年上半年外籍人士的非现金支付交易就达到8588万笔，交易金额高达118.1亿元人民币。此处用了with的复合结构，空处作宾语补足语，the value和动词hit“达到”逻辑上是主动关系，应用hit的现在分词形式。故填hitting。
9．考查定语从句。句意：这标志着同比分别增长了29%和35%，主要集中在超市购物和餐饮消费，这些都是消费潜力持续释放的明显迹象。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词year-on-year increases of 29 percent and 35 percent作补充说明，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。
10．考查冠词。句意：每一个“中国旅游”的故事，都在讲述一个更加开放、自信、互联的中国，为全球图景增添了新的活力。此处China被形容词短语more open, confident, and connected修饰，表示“一个更加开放、自信、互联的中国”，是泛指，应用不定冠词，且more的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
E
（江西省鹰潭市余江区第一中学2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考（第六次模考）英语试题）
The Earth is a wonder of incredible beauty. Among its many breathtaking sights 1 (be) the phenomenon of square waves, which can be observed around the Isle of Ré, a famous island in France.
2 the common wave patterns seen near most islands, the water around the Isle of Ré sometimes forms a unique square pattern, looking like a chessboard perfectly 3 (place) on the surface of the ocean around this island.
Then why does this occur 4 (specific) in this area It is because the island is located at the meeting point of two seas with different weather and wave patterns. When the two different wave patterns meet, they clash (碰撞) for 5 extended period of time. Then the waves begin to form squares, creating a great view! While it is absolutely amazing 6 (witness) this natural phenomenon, the square waves are 7 (power) and incredibly dangerous. The currents are much stronger than 8 an average person has ever experienced. Swimmers and surfers should be especially careful, as seeing a forming square wave signals a need to leave the area with extreme 9 (urgent). Failure to do so may result in 10 (pull) violently away from unexpected angles.
【答案】
1．is 2．Unlike 3．placed 4．specifically 5．an 6．to witness 7．powerful 8．what 9．urgency 10．being pulled
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了法国著名岛屿雷岛周围出现的方形波浪现象及其成因和危险性。
1．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在其众多令人叹为观止的景观中，方形波浪现象就是其中之一，这种现象可以在法国著名岛屿雷岛周围观察到。句子描述客观现象，用一般现在时，本句为完全倒装句，主语the phenomenon of square waves为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is。
2．考查介词。句意：与大多数岛屿附近常见的波浪模式不同，雷岛周围的水域有时会形成独特的方形图案，看起来就像一块国际象棋棋盘完美地放置在岛屿周围的海洋表面。本句在将雷岛周围的水域形成的方形图案与大多数岛屿附近常见的波浪模式进行对比，表示“与……不同”，用介词unlike，句首单词，首字母大写。故填Unlike。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：与大多数岛屿附近常见的波浪模式不同，雷岛周围的水域有时会形成独特的方形图案，看起来就像一块国际象棋棋盘完美地放置在岛屿周围的海洋表面。本空修饰名词a chessboard，place“放置”与a chessboard为逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词placed，作后置定语。故填placed。
4．考查副词。句意：那么，为什么这种现象会专门在这个区域发生呢？空处修饰动词occur，应用副词specifically“专门地”，作状语。故填specifically。
5．考查冠词。句意：当两种不同的波浪模式相遇时，它们会碰撞很长一段时间。此处表示泛指“很长一段时间”，应用不定冠词，且extended是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然见证这一自然现象绝对令人惊叹，但方形波浪威力巨大，极其危险。此处为it be adj. to do sth.结构，it作形式主语，使用动词不定式作真正主语，本空用witness“见证”的不定式形式。故填to witness。
7．考查形容词。句意：虽然见证这一自然现象绝对令人惊叹，但方形波浪威力巨大，极其危险。空处作表语，表示“威力巨大的”，应用形容词powerful。故填powerful。
8．考查宾语从句。句意：水流比一般人所经历的要强得多。本空引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指物，故用what。故填what。
9．考查名词。句意：游泳者和冲浪者应该特别小心，因为看到形成的方形波浪意味着需要极其紧急地离开该区域。本空作介词with的宾语，应用名词urgency“紧迫性，急迫”。故填urgency。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果不这样做，（人）可能会导致从意想不到的角度被猛烈地拉开。本空作介词in的宾语，应用动名词形式，且pull“拉”与逻辑主语（人）构成被动关系，故用动名词的被动形式being done。故填being pulled。
F
（山西省吕梁市2025-2026学年高三上学期1月月考英语试题）
On January 5, 2024, a small Chinese company called DeepSeek released a new AI system that could answer questions, solve logic problems and write computer programs as 1 (capable) as AI models from leading AI companies like OpenAI and Meta.
That alone would have been a milestone. But the team behind the system, called DeepSeek-V3, described 2 even bigger step in a research paper: Only about $6 million are used 3 (build) their new system. That is 95% cheaper than OpenAI’s old.
“But the 4 (big) decision is to make the code open-source and it will benefit consumers and transform society,” said Chris Nicholson, an investor 5 focuses on AI technologies. “For AI to transform society and benefit consumers, 6 needs to be cheap and out of the control of any country or company.”
Since OpenAI released its ChatGPT in 2022, many experts and investors had concluded that no company could compete with leading American AI companies since the widely 7 (accept) wisdom was that they are among the richest companies in the world and that they could stay ahead in the AI sector by spending billions of dollars on 8 (create) advanced chips and building out huge data centers (despite the environmental cost).
Now, the wisdom has been called into question. DeepSeek shows how competition and 9 (innovate) will make AI cheaper and therefore more useful. DeepSeek’s engineers said they needed only about 2,000 specialized computer chips from Nvidia. It is just one 10 (ten) of the computing power used by Meta’s Llama 3.1 model.
【答案】
1．capably 2．an 3．to build 4．biggest 5．who/that 6．it 7．accepted 8．creating 9．innovation 10．tenth
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。中国小公司 DeepSeek 用极低成本做出了能与大公司比肩的 AI 模型，并选择开源，挑战了“只有美国巨头才能做顶尖 AI”的传统看法。
1．考查副词。句意：2024年1月5日，一家名为 DeepSeek 的中国小公司发布了一款新的人工智能系统。该系统在回答问题、解决逻辑题以及编写计算机程序方面的表现，几乎与来自OpenAI和Meta等领先人工智能公司的AI模型 一样出色。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词answer，solve和write，capable的副词为capably。故填capably。
2．考查冠词。句意：但在一篇研究论文中，这个名为DeepSeek-V3的系统背后的团队描述了 一个更大的进步：他们只花费了大约600万美元来构建这个新系统。此处泛指一个更大的进步，应用不定冠词，且bigger是辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：但在一篇研究论文中，这个名为DeepSeek-V3的系统背后的团队描述了 一个更大的进步：他们只花费了大约600万美元来构建这个新系统。固定搭配be used to do sth.表示“被用来做某事”，空处需填动词不定式。故填to build。
4．考查形容词最高级。句意：“但最大的决定是将代码开源，这将造福消费者，并改变社会。”专注于人工智能技术的投资者克里斯 尼科尔森说，“要让人工智能改变社会并造福消费者，它需要价格低廉，并且不受任何国家或公司的控制。”空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词decision，定冠词the修饰形容词最高级。故填biggest。
5．考查定语从句。句意：“但最大的决定是将代码开源，这将造福消费者，并改变社会。” 专注于人工智能技术的投资者克里斯 尼科尔森说，“要让人工智能改变社会并造福消费者，它需要价格低廉，并且不受任何国家或公司的控制。”空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是an investor，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导定语从句。故填who或that。
6．考查代词。句意：“但最大的决定是将代码开源，这将造福消费者，并改变社会。” 专注于人工智能技术的投资者克里斯 尼科尔森说，“要让人工智能改变社会并造福消费者，它需要价格低廉，并且不受任何国家或公司的控制。”空处指代上文提到的AI，应用代词it作主语，故填it。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：自从OpenAI在2022年推出ChatGPT以来，许多专家和投资者认为，没有哪家公司能与领先的美国人工智能公司竞争。因为当时被广泛接受的观点 是：这些美国公司是世界上最富有的公司之一，它们可以通过花费数十亿美元打造先进芯片并建设大型数据中心（尽管会付出环境代价），从而在人工智能领域保持领先。空处需用非谓语动词作定语修饰名词wisdom，动词accept和wisdom之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填accepted。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：自从OpenAI在2022年推出ChatGPT以来，许多专家和投资者认为，没有哪家公司能与领先的美国人工智能公司竞争。因为当时被广泛接受的观点 是：这些美国公司是世界上最富有的公司之一，它们可以通过花费数十亿美元打造先进芯片并建设大型数据中心（尽管会付出环境代价），从而在人工智能领域保持领先。空处和spending并列作介词on的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填creating。
9．考查名词。句意：DeepSeek的例子表明，竞争和创新将使人工智能变得更便宜，从而更有用。空处和competition并列作宾语，应用名词innovation。故填innovation。
10．考查序数词。句意：这只是Meta的Llama 3.1模型所使用计算能力的十分之一。固定搭配one tenth of，表示“十分之一”。故填tenth。
G
（安徽省华师联盟2025-20206学年高三上学期1月质量检测英语试题）
An e-commerce training programme in the Ningxia Hui autonomous region has brought together young entrepreneurs (企业家) from China and abroad 1 (boost) digital trade and deepen cultural ties. The three-day event, 2 (hold) in mid-August in Guyuan city, drew more than 60 participants from Ningxia and countries including Yemen and Egypt. The training is aimed at 3 (enhance) mutual understanding and friendship, strengthening e-commerce cooperation, upgrading local industries, 4 boosting the digital economy.
Among the trainees was Turkmenistan’s Orazbayev Gurban, a student at Ningxia University, 5 expressed strong interest in China’s e-commerce ecosystem — 6 (particular) livestreaming e-commerce and social e-commerce models. “China is a leader in this field. It’s no longer just ‘online shopping’ — it’s a complete ecosystem that integrates entertainment, social interaction and instant 7 (consume). I’m eager to explore deeper and learn its core operational logic,” he said.
Gurban also highlighted Ningxia’s strategic role 8 a pioneer in economic and trade exchanges between China and Arab countries. The region is developing a comprehensive pilot zone for cross-border e-commerce, offering an excellent platform for young 9 (innovator) from Arab countries, he said and hoped his own experience would help promote e-commerce between China and Arab countries involved in the Belt and Road Initiative. He added, “While e-commerce is growing rapidly in my motherland nowadays, it still 10 (rely) on traditional shelf-based models.”
【答案】
1．to boost 2．held 3．enhancing 4．and 5．who 6．particularly 7．consumption 8．as 9．innovators 10．relies
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了宁夏回族自治区的一个电子商务培训项目，该项目汇聚中外青年企业家，旨在促进数字贸易与文化交流，并提及外国学员的感受与期待。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：宁夏回族自治区的一个电子商务培训项目汇聚了中外青年企业家，以推动数字贸易并深化文化联系。分析句子结构，主句成分完整，此处需用不定式作目的状语，说明项目汇聚企业家的目的，故填to boost。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：这项为期三天的活动于8月中旬在固原市举行，吸引了来自宁夏以及也门、埃及等国家的60多名参与者。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰The three-day event，event与hold之间为被动关系，即活动被举办，故填held。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：此次培训旨在增进相互理解与友谊、加强电子商务合作、提升地方产业水平并推动数字经济发展。be aimed at doing sth为固定搭配，意为“旨在做某事”，at为介词，后接动名词作宾语，故填enhancing。
4．考查连词。句意：此次培训旨在增进相互理解与友谊、加强电子商务合作、提升地方产业水平并推动数字经济发展。空格前后为并列的动名词短语，均为培训的目的，构成并列关系，故填and。
5．考查定语从句引导词。句意：学员中包括土库曼斯坦人奥拉兹巴耶夫·古尔班，他是宁夏大学的一名学生，对中国的电子商务生态系统——尤其是直播电商和社交电商模式——表现出浓厚兴趣。分析句子结构，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为Orazbayev Gurban，指人，从句中缺少主语，故填who。
6．考查副词。句意：学员中包括土库曼斯坦人奥拉兹巴耶夫·古尔班，他是宁夏大学的一名学生，对中国的电子商务生态系统——尤其是直播电商和社交电商模式——表现出浓厚兴趣。此处修饰名词短语livestreaming e-commerce and social e-commerce models，需用副词形式，particular的副词为particularly，故填particularly。
7．考查名词。句意：这不再仅仅是“网上购物”——而是一个融合了娱乐、社交和即时消费的完整生态系统。此处与entertainment、social interaction并列，作integrates的宾语，需用名词形式，consume的名词为consumption（消费，不可数名词），故填consumption。
8．考查介词。句意：古尔班还强调了宁夏作为中国与阿拉伯国家经贸交流先行者的战略地位。此处表示“作为……的角色”，应用介词as，故填as。
9．考查名词复数。句意：他说，该地区正在建设综合性跨境电子商务试验区，为阿拉伯国家的青年创新者提供了绝佳平台，并希望自己的经历能有助于促进中国与“一带一路”倡议参与国中的阿拉伯国家之间的电子商务发展。young为形容词，后接名词，结合语境可知此处指多名青年创新者，应用复数形式，innovator的复数为innovators，故填innovators。
10．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：他补充说：“如今，我的祖国的电子商务发展迅速，但仍依赖传统的货架式模式。”根据时间状语nowadays及前文is growing可知，此处用一般现在时，主语it为第三人称单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，故填relies。
H
（河南省青桐鸣联考2025-2026学年高三上学期1月联考英语试卷）
A Chinese research team has developed a deep-learning tool called DeepWheat, 1 can help plant growers to predict the parts that decide plant features with high 2 (accurate). It uses AI to accurately predict how genes work in different plant parts and types of crops. This is very useful because crops like wheat have a 3 (remarkable) large set of genetic materials — about 40 times 4 (big) than rice’s, and five times the size of humans’.
5 (address) this complexity, the team built two core models into one tool. DeepWheat can find out how changing genes 6 (affect) plants and predict these changes clearly. Many crop genes can influence multiple traits (特征), sometimes in good ways and sometimes in bad ones. For example, 7 rice gene might increase the number of flowers but weaken the stems (茎) if it’s too active. Current gene-editing relies on tiring, blind trial and error. DeepWheat offers a better alternative: systems that enable researchers to keep 8 (run) computer simulations (模拟) for testing all possible gene changes let them spot useful adjustments before real experiments, improving precision and saving effort.
Successfully 9 (test) in rice and corn, the tool has proved effective for many crops. It identifies key parts, improves editing targets, and solves a farming bottleneck — when improving one trait weakens another. By making better gene networks, DeepWheat reduces such trade-offs, speeds up good trait combination, and serves 10 a practical AI solution for developing high-quality crops.
【答案】
1．which 2．accuracy 3．remarkably 4．bigger 5．To address 6．affects 7．a 8．running 9．tested 10．as
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一个中国研究团队开发的深度学习工具DeepWheat，其作用、原理及应用效果。
1．考查定语从句关系词。句意：一个中国研究团队开发了一种名为DeepWheat的深度学习工具，它可以帮助植物种植者高度准确地预测决定植物特征的部分。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是DeepWheat，指物，在从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词which。故填which。
2．考查名词。句意：一个中国研究团队开发了一种名为DeepWheat的深度学习工具，它可以帮助植物种植者高度准确地预测决定植物特征的部分。with high accuracy为固定短语，意为“高度准确地”，所以空处需用名词accuracy。故填accuracy。
3．考查副词。句意：这是非常有用的，因为像小麦这样的作物有一套非常庞大的遗传物质——大约是水稻的40倍，是人类基因组大小的5倍。空处需用副词作状语修饰形容词large，remarkable的副词为remarkably“非常，极其”。故填remarkably。
4．考查形容词比较级。句意：这是非常有用的，因为像小麦这样的作物有一套非常庞大的遗传物质——大约是水稻的40倍，是人类基因组大小的5倍。根据空后than可知，空处需用形容词big的比较级bigger“更大的”。故填bigger。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了解决这种复杂性，该团队将两个核心模型集成到一个工具中。本句已有谓语动词built，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；结合句意可知，空处需用动词不定式作目的状语，句首首字母需大写。故填To address。
6．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：DeepWheat可以找出改变基因如何影响植物，并清楚地预测这些变化。结合前文的can find out可知，本句陈述事实，句子需用一般现在时态，how引导宾语从句的主语是动名词短语changing genes，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填affects。
7．考查冠词。句意：例如，一个水稻基因可能会增加花的数量，但如果它过于活跃，就会削弱茎。此处表示泛指一个水稻基因，所以空处需用不定冠词a/an，rice是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以空处需用不定冠词a。故填a。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：DeepWheat提供了一个更好的选择：让研究人员持续运行计算机模拟来测试所有可能的基因变化的系统，让他们在实际实验之前发现有用的调整，提高精度并节省精力。keep doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“持续做某事”，所以空处需用动名词running。故填running。
9．考查非谓语动词。句意：该工具在水稻和玉米上成功测试后，已被证明对许多作物有效。本句已有谓语动词has proved，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；由空后“in rice and corn”可知，空处动词与其逻辑主语the tool之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词tested作状语，句首首字母需大写。故填Tested。
10．考查介词。句意：通过构建更好的基因网络，DeepWheat减少了这种权衡，加速了优良性状的组合，并作为一种实用的AI解决方案，用于开发高品质作物。serve as为固定短语，意为“充当，担任”，所以空处需用介词as。故填as。
I
（河北省联考2025-2026学年高三上学期1月月考英语试题）
The Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region in Northwest China, vast in territory and rich in resources, has long been home to diverse ethnic groups 1 (live) together for centuries. Its splendid cultural heritage shines like a great epic (史诗), telling stories of timeless 2 (wise) and emotion. These treasures are not only carriers of tradition 3 windows into the region’s unique charm.
The Xinjiang Uygur Muqam art is a comprehensive art form 4 integrates singing, dancing and music. It is a collective (集体的) term for the different Muqams 5 (perform) in Uygur-inhabited areas across Xinjiang. Among them, the “Twelve Muqams” are the most 6 (wide) acted in southern Xinjiang and in Ili area in northern Xinjiang.
Muqam is the 7 (fascinate) classical music of the Uyghur people, referring to a grand set of musical compositions. It is a vast artistic creation and a treasured heritage of the Uyghur people, praised 8 the “Pearl of Eastern Music”.
In 2008, Muqam 9 (add) to the UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Efforts 10 (protect) it include the establishment of the Muqam Heritage Center in 2007, ensuring its melodies (旋律), dances and stories continue to develop well.
【答案】
1．living 2．wisdom 3．but 4．that/which 5．performed 6．widely 7．fascinating 8．as 9．was added 10．to protect
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国新疆维吾尔自治区的文化瑰宝——维吾尔木卡姆艺术，包括其艺术形式、特点及保护措施等内容。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国西北的新疆维吾尔自治区，幅员辽阔、资源丰富，数百年来一直是多个民族共同居住的家园。句中已有谓语动词has been，且空格处无连词，故此处应用非谓语动词；ethnic groups与live之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填living。
2．考查名词。句意：其灿烂的文化遗产如一部宏伟的史诗，诉说着永恒的智慧与情感。空格前为形容词timeless，形容词修饰名词，故此处应用wise的名词形式wisdom；wisdom为不可数名词。故填wisdom。
3．考查固定搭配。句意：这些珍宝不仅是传统的载体，也是了解该地区独特魅力的窗口。not only...but ...为固定搭配，意为“不仅……而且……”，符合语境。故填but。
4．考查定语从句。句意：新疆维吾尔木卡姆艺术是一种融合了歌唱、舞蹈和音乐的综合性艺术形式。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为art form（指物），且从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：它是对新疆维吾尔族聚居区表演的各种木卡姆的统称。句中已有谓语动词is，且空格处无连词，故此处应用非谓语动词；Muqams与perform之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填performed。
6．考查副词。句意：其中，《十二木卡姆》在南疆以及北疆的伊犁地区传唱最广。空格处修饰动词acted，副词修饰动词，故此处应用wide的副词形式widely。故填widely。
7．考查形容词。句意：木卡姆是维吾尔族极具吸引力的古典音乐，指一套宏大的音乐作品。空格处修饰名词classical music，应用形容词；fascinate的形容词fascinating（令人着迷的，修饰物）符合题意。故填fascinating。
8．考查固定搭配。句意：它是维吾尔族宏大的艺术创作和宝贵遗产，被誉为“东方音乐明珠”。be praised as为固定搭配，意为“被誉为……”，符合语境。故填as。
9．考查动词时态和语态。句意：2008年，木卡姆被列入联合国教科文组织《人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录》。根据时间状语In 2008可知，此处应用一般过去时；Muqam与add之间为被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语Muqam为单数，故填was added。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：保护它的措施包括2007年木卡姆遗产中心的建立，确保其旋律、舞蹈和故事得以良好传承发展。efforts to do sth.为固定用法，意为“做某事的努力”，所以用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to protect。
J
（广东省汕头市2025-2026学年高三上学期教学质量监测英语试题）
The world’s first solar magnetic-field (磁场) telescope operating in the mid-infrared wavelength (中红外波长) range has 1 (official) become operational after gaining government 2 (approve), marking a major breakthrough in solar magnetic field research.
The telescope, known as the Accurate Infrared Magnetic Field Measurements of the Sun, or AIMS, is located in Lenghu township, Qinghai province, 3 an average altitude of about 4,000 meters. AIMS’ development addresses a long-standing bottleneck in the century-old history of solar magnetic field measurements by achieving 4 leap from indirect to direct measurement.
The telescope reduces the impact of high environmental background noise in the mid-infrared wavelength range. 5 (combine) with cooling technologies, this design improves the precision of magnetic field measurements. In addition, the team has invented a new way 6 (adjust) polarized light (偏振光) and built a mirror-only instrument, 7 prevents unwanted polarization effects from affecting their results.
The telescope 8 (expect) to operate year round. Weather 9 (permit), it will have an anticipated 250 days of observation annually. The data collected will support fundamental research in solar physics and advance studies in space weather forecast. And the researchers further plan to collaborate with some leading international teams to maximize its 10 (science) impact.
【答案】
1．officially 2．approval 3．at 4．a 5．Combined 6．to adjust 7．which 8．is expected 9．permitting 10．scientific
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了世界上第一台在中红外波长范围内运行的太阳磁场望远镜正式投入使用及其意义。
1．考查副词。句意：世界上第一台在中红外波长范围内运行的太阳磁场望远镜在获得政府批准后正式投入使用，标志着太阳磁场研究取得了重大突破。本空修饰动词become，作状语，用副词officially“正式地”。故填officially。
2．考查名词。句意：世界上第一台在中红外波长范围内运行的太阳磁场望远镜在获得政府批准后正式投入使用，标志着太阳磁场研究取得了重大突破。本空作gain的宾语，用名词approval“批准”。故填approval。
3．考查介词。句意：这台名为“太阳精确红外磁场测量仪”（AIMS）的望远镜位于青海省冷湖镇，平均海拔约4000米。表示“在……海拔高度”，用固定搭配at an altitude of。故填at。
4．考查冠词。句意：AIMS的开发通过实现从间接测量到直接测量的一个飞跃，解决了太阳磁场测量百年历史中长期存在的瓶颈问题。表泛指“一个飞跃”，且leap以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：结合冷却技术，这种设计提高了磁场测量的精度。本句谓语为improves，此处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语this design和动词combine“使结合”之间是被动关系，本空用过去分词combined，作状语。故填Combined。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，研究小组还发明了一种调整偏振光的新方法，并制造了一种仅使用镜子的仪器，防止不需要的偏振效应影响结果。a way to do sth.“做某事的方法”，需要用动词adjust“调整”的不定式作后置定语，故填to adjust。
7．考查定语从句。句意：此外，研究小组还发明了一种调整偏振光的新方法，并制造了一种仅使用镜子的仪器，防止不需要的偏振效应影响结果。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是instrument，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词which。故填which。
8．考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：预计这台望远镜将全年运行。本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语The telescope和expect“期望，预计”之间是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is expected。
9．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果天气允许，预计每年将有250天的观测时间。本句谓语为will have，此处为非谓语动词，Weather和动词permit之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式，与Weather构成独立主格结构。故填permitting。
10．考查形容词。句意：研究人员还计划与一些国际顶尖团队合作，以最大限度地发挥其科学影响。本空修饰名词impact，用形容词scientific“科学的”，作定语。故填scientific。
K
（江苏省徐州市徐州一中、徐州三中2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题）
Lady White Snake is a dance production by Shanghai Grand Theater. It will make its first US 1 (appear) at the “Summer at the Lincoln Center” festival in New York. The performances will show the artistic vision 2 cultural vitality of contemporary China to global audiences.
Three shows of the dance theater’s reinterpretation of the classic Chinese legend 3 (schedule) to be held at the David H. Koch Theater, a 4 (symbol) venue (场所) within the Lincoln Center complex, on July 26 and 27. These performances 5 (showcase) the talents of Chinese artists will allow US audiences to gain a profound experience of cultural imagination. 6 also makes this event significant is its intention to promote international cooperation and people-to-people exchange through cultural interaction.
The dance is an 7 (artistic) groundbreaking recreation of China’s folk legend, The Tale of the White Snake. Zhang Xiaoding, general manager of SGT, said that the company’s aim of creating Lady White Snake in 2021 was 8 (innovate): “We want to converge (汇集) different types of art, and retell 9 legend through a blend of classical ballet and Chinese classical dance.” This innovative approach allows the production to move 10 traditional narrative (叙述), exploring human emotions and expressing the inner spirit of human beings.
【答案】
1．appearance 2．and 3．are scheduled 4．symbolic 5．showcasing 6．What 7．artistically 8．to innovate 9．the 10．beyond
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了上海大剧院的舞剧《白蛇传》将首次在美国林肯中心“夏日艺术节”上演，讲述了该剧演出安排、艺术创新之处以及其在促进国际文化交流方面的重要意义。
1．考查名词。句意：它将在纽约“林肯中心夏日艺术节”上首次在美国亮相。空处前有形容词性物主代词its和序数词first修饰，且作动词make的宾语，应用名词形式，appear的名词为appearance，表示“亮相；出现”。故填appearance。
2．考查连词。句意：这些演出将向全球观众展示当代中国的艺术视野和文化活力。“artistic vision”与“cultural vitality”为并列关系，应用连词and连接，译为“和”。故填and。
3．考查谓语动词。句意：这部对中国经典传说重新演绎的三场舞剧演出定于7月26日和27日在林肯中心建筑群内具有象征意义的场馆——David H. Koch剧院举行。主语“Three shows”与谓语动词schedule之间为被动关系，且描述的是计划的事情，应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are + 过去分词”，又因主语为复数，应用are scheduled。故填are scheduled。
4．考查形容词。句意：这部舞剧对中国经典传说重新演绎的三场演出定于7月26日和27日在林肯中心建筑群内具有象征意义的场馆——David H. Koch Theater举行。空处修饰名词venue，应用形容词形式，symbol的形容词为symbolic，译为“象征的；具有象征意义的”。故填symbolic。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些展示中国艺术家才华的演出将让美国观众获得深刻的文化想象体验。此句中已有谓语动词will allow，此处需用非谓语形式，空处修饰名词performances，且与performances之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，showcase的现在分词为showcasing，译为“展示；展现”。故填showcasing。
6．考查主语从句。句意：让这一活动具有重要意义的还有，它旨在通过文化交流促进国际合作和民间交往。空处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，指物，应用连接代词what引导，表示“……的事情”，句首单词首字母需大写。故填What。
7．考查副词。句意：这部舞剧是对中国民间传说《白蛇传》具有艺术开创性的重新创作。空处修饰形容词groundbreaking，应用副词形式，artistic的副词为artistically，译为“艺术地；在艺术方面”。故填artistically。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：上海大剧院总经理张晓丁表示，剧院2021年创作《白蛇传》的目的是创新。空处作表语，说明aim的具体内容，应用动词不定式形式，innovate的动词不定式为to innovate，译为“创新”。故填to innovate。
9．考查冠词。句意：我们想要汇集不同类型的艺术，通过古典芭蕾与中国古典舞的融合来重新讲述这个传说。此处特指上文提到的“The Tale of the White Snake”这一传说，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
10．考查介词。句意：这种创新的方式让这部作品超越了传统叙事，探索人类情感并表达人类的内在精神。此处表示“超越（传统叙事）”，应用介词beyond，表示“超越；超出”。故填beyond。
L
（湖北省八校联考2025-2026学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题）
The ancient proverb “Plants, trees and forests are a nation’s wealth” originates 1 the classic text Guan Zi, written by philosopher and
statesman Guan Zhong some 2,700 years ago. It expresses the idea that a good ecological environment has both economic and social value.
China 1 (put) significant efforts to advance an ecological civilization so far. The belief that “green is gold” reflects the 2 (share) understanding that prioritizing environmental harmony is crucial for both nature and humanity.
Take Yucun Village in Zhejiang for example. Once a major limestone-mining (石灰石开采) area, the village has transformed 3 (it) into a picturesque community featuring a sea of bamboo, becoming a popular tourist destination. Youyu County in Shanxi, 4 once suffered from droughts, has witnessed a sharp increase in forest coverage, rising 5 (violent) from less than 0.3 percent 70 years ago to 57 percent now. The once poor land is now a lush oasis(绿洲), with an eco-farm and agro-tourism 6 (emerge) as major sources of local income.
7 (harmonize) the preservation and restoration of ecosystems in various landscapes, the Chinese Government has launched the Shan-Shui Initiative. Under 8 initiative, dozens of large-scale projects have been carried out. The efforts to translate these environmental benefits into a solid 9 (found) for ecological agriculture, industry and tourism continue to be a priority throughout China.
【答案】
1．from 2．has put 3．shared 4．itself 5．which 6．violently 7．emerging 8．To harmonize 9．the 10．foundation
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍中国传承生态理念，推进生态文明建设，以多地转型案例展现生态保护的显著成效。
1．考查介词。句意：“山林树木，国之宝也”这句古老的谚语源自约2700年前政治家、思想家管仲所著的典籍《管子》。此处为固定搭配originate from，意为“起源于”，用介词from。故填from。
2．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，中国已投入大量精力推进生态文明建设。根据时间状语so far可知，此处用现在完成时，主语China为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用has put。故填has put。
3．考查形容词。句意：“绿水青山就是金山银山”的理念，体现了人们的共识——优先实现环境和谐对自然和人类都至关重要。此处修饰名词understanding，用share的形容词形式shared，意为“共同的，共享的”。故填shared。
4．考查代词。句意：曾经的石灰石开采大村，如今已摇身一变，成为翠竹连绵的美丽乡村，成了热门旅游目的地。此处指代主语the village自身，用反身代词itself。故填itself。
5．考查定语从句。句意：曾经饱受干旱困扰的山西右玉县，森林覆盖率大幅提升，从70年前的不足0.3%飙升至如今的57%。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Youyu County in Shanxi，指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。
6．考查副词。句意：曾经饱受干旱困扰的山西右玉县，森林覆盖率大幅提升，从70年前的不足0.3%飙升至如今的57%。此处修饰动词rising，用violent的副词形式violently，意为“急剧地”。故填violently。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：这片曾经贫瘠的土地如今已是郁郁葱葱的绿洲，生态农场和乡村旅游已成为当地的主要收入来源。此处为with的复合结构，宾语an eco-farm and agro-tourism与emerge之间为主动关系，用现在分词emerging作宾补。故填emerging。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了协调各类地貌的生态系统保护与修复工作，中国政府启动了山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和修复工程。此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意，此处表示目的，所以此处使用不定式形式to harmonize作目的状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填To harmonize。
9．考查冠词。句意：在该工程的推动下，数十个大型项目已顺利实施。此处特指前面提到的the Shan-Shui Initiative，用定冠词the。故填the。
10．考查名词。句意：全国范围内，持续将生态优势转化为生态农业、生态工业和生态旅游的坚实基础，仍是一项重点工作。此处位于形容词solid之后，用found的名词形式foundation，意为“基础”，为可数名词单数。故填foundation。21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
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