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专题04 完形填空之说明文和议论文
目录 第一部分 风向速递 洞察考向，感知前沿 第二部分 分层突破 固本培优，精准提分 题型01保分基础练 说明文和议论文完形填空综合练（原创&最新模拟） 题型02重难创新练（说明文和议论文完形填空） 第三部分 真题验证 对标高考，感悟考法
1.（2026·江苏省盐城市七校联盟月考）
体裁：说明文 词数：207 话题：讲故事和记录故事的意义与方法 难度：★★★☆☆
My dad is one of the best storytellers I know. When the family 1 for my mother’s funeral in 1992, he regaled (款待) his children with 2 . I gave him a computer with word processing software and 3 convinced him to write his autobiography (自传). The family now has a story-filled book, which is meaningful because his children and grandchildren have 4 chances to get together.
Stories help us 5 to each other and to the world around us. Storytelling can also drive away the feeling of depression as we 6 . In fact, there are 7 of writing our stories down. It can recall times, and create a written history. Many researches have 8 that those who have written down some of their life stories can preserve their 9 .
What does it 10 to become a storyteller Very few 11 are needed — a pen and some paper, or, if you prefer, a computer, are the only necessary things for 12 our stories. The next 13 is sharing them — if you have a(n) 14 to get together with your families, tell them your stories. The potential topics are 15 , ranging from a favorite place or event to your family’s background.207
1．A．struggled B．lived C．searched D．gathered
2．A．presents B．books C．stories D．jokes
3．A．eventually B．completely C．obviously D．properly
4．A．fair B．limited C．ideal D．possible
5．A．connect B．compare C．insist D．devote
6．A．look B．age C．wander D．move
7．A．doubts B．views C．opinions D．benefits
8．A．heard B．agreed C．proven D．imagined
9．A．memories B．experiences C．joys D．feelings
10．A．say B．take C．offer D．have
11．A．projects B．methods C．plans D．tools
12．A．spreading B．telling C．recording D．watching
13．A．step B．lesson C．subject D．skill
14．A．opportunity B．wish C．intention D．task
15．A．simple B．endless C．attractive D．meaningful
【答案】
1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．D 12．C 13．A 14．A 15．B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了父亲擅长讲故事，作者劝其写自传，进而阐述讲故事和记录故事的意义与方法。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：1992年全家为母亲的葬礼团聚时，他用故事招待孩子们。A. struggled挣扎；B. lived居住；C. searched寻找；D. gathered聚集。根据下文“for my mother’s funeral”可知，家人应是团聚送别母亲。故选D。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：1992年全家为母亲的葬礼团聚时，他用故事招待孩子们。A. presents礼物；B. books书籍；C. stories故事；D. jokes笑话。根据上文“My dad is one of the best storytellers”可知，此处父亲给孩子们讲故事。故选C。
3．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我给了他一台带文字处理软件的电脑，最终说服他写自传。A. eventually最终；B. completely完全地；C. obviously明显地；D. properly恰当地。根据下文“convinced him to write his autobiography (自传)”可知，此处强调最终达成目的。故选A。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在全家有了一本满是故事的书，这很有意义，因为他的子孙相聚的机会有限。A. fair公平的；B. limited有限的；C. ideal理想的；D. possible可能的。根据上文“The family now has a story-filled book, which is meaningful”可知，故事有意义是因为后代相聚的机会有限，故事能充当连接他们的纽带。故选B。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：故事帮助我们彼此联结，也与周遭世界相连。A. connect联结；B. compare比较；C. insist坚持；D. devote致力于。根据上文“The family now has a story-filled book, which is meaningful because his children and grandchildren have 4 chances to get together.”可知，故事让人与人、人与周遭之间建立联结。故选A。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：讲故事还能随着我们变老，驱散抑郁情绪。A. look看；B. age变老；C. wander漫步；D. move移动。结合人生历程，随着年龄增长可能出现抑郁情绪，故事可缓解这种状态。故选B。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，把我们的故事写下来有很多好处。A. doubts怀疑；B. views观点；C. opinions看法；D. benefits好处。根据后文“recall times, and create a written history”可知，此处指记录故事的益处。故选D。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多研究已证明，那些写下部分人生故事的人能保留他们的记忆。A. heard听到；B. agreed同意；C. proven证明；D. imagined想象。结合上文“Many researches”可知，研究的结果是经过证实的。故选C。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多研究已证明，那些写下部分人生故事的人能保留他们的记忆。A. memories记忆；B. experiences经历；C. joys喜悦；D. feelings感受。记录人生故事的核心是留存过往的记忆，与前文“recall times”呼应。故选A。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：成为一名讲故事的人需要什么？A. say说；B. take需要；C. offer提供；D. have拥有。根据下文“are needed — a pen and some paper, or, if you prefer, a computer,”可知，此处指成为讲故事的人需要什么，It takes...to do sth.为固定句型，意为“做某事需要……”。故选B。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：需要的工具很少——一支笔和一些纸，或者如果你愿意，一台电脑。A. projects项目；B. methods方法；C. plans计划；D. tools工具。后文“a pen and some paper, or, if you prefer, a computer”提及的笔、纸、电脑均是记录故事的工具。故选D。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些是记录我们故事仅需的东西。A. spreading传播；B. telling讲述；C. recording记录；D. watching观看。结合前文“write his autobiography”和“writing our stories down”可知，此处指用工具记录故事。故选C。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：下一步是分享它们。A. step步骤；B. lesson课程；C. subject科目；D. skill技能。前文讲记录故事，后续讲分享，属于流程中的下一步骤。故选A。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你有机会和家人聚在一起，就给他们讲你的故事。A. opportunity机会；B. wish愿望；C. intention意图；D. task任务。根据下文“get together with your families, tell them your stories.”可知，此处指有机会与家人聚在一起，就给他们讲故事。故选A。
15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：潜在的话题无穷无尽，从最喜欢的地方、事件到家庭背景都有。A. simple简单的；B. endless无尽的；C. attractive有吸引力的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据后文“ranging from a favorite place or event to your family’s background.”可知，故事的话题很多，没有穷尽。故选B。
2.（2026·河北省名校联合体一模）
体裁：说明文 词数：259 话题：“友谊长椅”谈话治疗理念 难度：★★★☆☆
Imagine this heartwarming scene. A person going through a 1 time in an underserved community can visit a friendship bench. Here, older strangers, 2 their life experience, wisdom and empathy, will act as a listening ear, engaging in gentle 3 when needed. This is the 4 talk therapy (治疗) idea of global mental health researcher, Professor Dixon Chibanda.
The Friendship Bench Zimbabwe was founded by Chibanda in 2006. At that time, mental health received 5 0.42 percent of the total healthcare budget. The project was based on years of 6 on how to deliver mental health effectively. The friendship bench 7 a wooden park bench being put in a public space, and the 8 of kind help from so-called “grandmothers” and “grandfathers” to anyone passing. The friendship bench provides safe places in the communities for people to chat together, as talk therapy can help people experiencing 9 like anxiety and depression. The model has spread to 10 countries like Malawi, the US, Jordan, and Qatar and it has helped over half a million in the past three years.
The friendship bench is the brainchild of Chibanda. He is on a mission to 11 that support from older 12 , who are rooted in their communities, can 13 the mental health treatment access gap. Seeing huge numbers of people living with feelings of depression, exhaustion, loneliness, and anxiety, Chibanda says he was 14 to develop the model after he grasped that the answers to the global mental health 15 do not lie in more diagnoses of disorders and medications.
1．A．quiet B．hard C．busy D．flexible
2．A．hiding B．enriching C．volunteering D．describing
3．A．debates B．practices C．lectures D．conversations
4．A．accessible B．expensive C．academic D．demanding
5．A．wholly B．merely C．clearly D．accurately
6．A．influence B．emphasis C．reflection D．research
7．A．separates B．occupies C．involves D．connects
8．A．offer B．promise C．decision D．chance
9．A．feelings B．alternatives C．risks D．conditions
10．A．neighbouring B．diverse C．wealthy D．developing
11．A．deny B．admit C．prove D．explain
12．A．locals B．friends C．passers-by D．lookers-on
13．A．leave B．bridge C．discover D．widen
14．A．reminded B．forced C．requested D．encouraged
15．A．education B．aid C．crisis D．failure
【答案】
1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B 11．C 12．A 13．B 14．D 15．C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了全球心理健康研究员Dixon Chibanda教授提出的“友谊长椅”谈话治疗理念，以及这一理念在津巴布韦的实施和全球推广情况。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个在服务不足社区中正经历着艰难时刻的人，可以拜访一张“友谊长椅”。A. quiet安静的；B. hard艰难的；C. busy忙碌的；D. flexible灵活的。根据后文“The friendship bench provides safe places in the communities for people to chat together, as talk therapy can help people experiencing 9 like anxiety and depression”可知，“友谊长椅”上的谈话疗法旨在帮助处于焦虑和抑郁状态的人，这暗示他们正处于“艰难的”时期。故选B项。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这里，年长的陌生人自愿贡献出他们的人生经验、智慧和同理心，充当倾听者，并在需要时进行温和的交谈。A. hiding隐藏；B. enriching丰富；C. volunteering自愿做，自愿贡献；D. describing描述。根据后文“act as a listening ear”以及整个项目的志愿性质，这些长者是主动“自愿贡献”自己的时间和经验。故选C项。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这里，年长的陌生人自愿贡献出他们的人生经验、智慧和同理心，充当倾听者，并在需要时进行温和的交谈。A. debates辩论；B. practices实践；C. lectures讲座；D. conversations交谈。根据前文“act as a listening ear”可知，这是一种倾听和聊天的互动形式，最适合的用词是“交谈”。故选D项。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是全球心理健康研究员Dixon Chibanda教授的易获得的谈话疗法理念。A. accessible易获得的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. academic学术的；D. demanding要求高的。根据文章开头描述的使用公园长椅和社区长者的方式，以及后文“The friendship bench provides safe places in the communities for people to chat together”可知，这种疗法设计简单、成本低、地点便利，因此核心特点是“易获得的”。故选A项。
5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：那时，心理健康仅仅获得了医疗保健总预算的0.42%。A. wholly完全地；B. merely仅仅；C. clearly清楚地；D. accurately准确地。根据前文“At that time, mental health received”和后文数值“0.42 percent”可知，这是一个极低的比例，用“仅仅”强调其预算支持严重不足，为下文解释为何需要开发“友谊长椅”这种低成本模式做铺垫。故选B项。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：该项目基于多年关于如何有效提供心理健康的研究。A. influence影响；B. emphasis强调；C. reflection反思；D. research研究。根据后文对项目具体运作模式的详细描述，以及“The friendship bench _____ a wooden park bench being put in a public space, and the _____ of kind help from so-called “grandmothers” and “grandfathers” to anyone passing.”等内容，可推断这是一个经过精心设计和验证的项目，其基础是系统的“研究”。故选D项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：友谊长椅涉及将一张木制公园长椅放置在公共空间，以及所谓“爷爷奶奶”们向任何路过的人提供善意的帮助。A. separates分开；B. occupies占据；C. involves包含，涉及；D. connects连接。根据后文“a wooden park bench being put in a public space, and the ______ of kind help”可知，本句是在具体说明项目“包含”哪些核心要素。故选C项。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：友谊长椅涉及将一张木制公园长椅放置在公共空间，以及所谓“爷爷奶奶”们向任何路过的人提供善意的帮助。A. offer提供；B. promise承诺；C. decision决定；D. chance机会。根据前文“Here, older strangers, ______ their life experience, wisdom and empathy”和“kind help from so-called “grandmothers” and “grandfathers””可知，善意的长者们是在主动“提供”帮助。故选A项。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：友谊长椅在社区中为人们提供了安全的一起聊天的地方，因为谈话疗法可以帮助正经历像焦虑和抑郁这类状况的人们。A. feelings感觉；B. alternatives替代方案；C. risks风险；D. conditions疾病，状况。根据后文“anxiety and depression”在心理健康语境中的专业表述，以及后文“do not lie in more diagnoses of disorders”中的“disorders”一词，它们被视为需要诊断和干预的“状况”或“病症”。故选D项。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该模式已传播到像马拉维、美国、约旦、卡塔尔等多样的国家。A. neighbouring邻近的；B. diverse多样的；C. wealthy富裕的；D. developing发展中的。根据列举的国家“Malawi, the US, Jordan, and Qatar”，它们来自非洲、美洲和亚洲，经济发展水平差异很大，因此用“多样的”来形容其传播范围广最为准确。故选B项。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的使命证明，来自扎根于社区的当地年长者的支持能够弥合心理健康治疗的可及性鸿沟。A. deny否认；B. admit承认；C. prove证明；D. explain解释。根据前文“The friendship bench is the brainchild of Chibanda”和后文“can _______ the mental health treatment access gap”可知，他是在通过这个项目实践并“证明”一种新模式的可行性。故选C项。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的使命证明，来自扎根于社区的当地年长者的支持能够弥合心理健康治疗的可及性鸿沟。A. locals当地人；B. friends朋友；C. passers-by路人；D. lookers-on旁观者。根据定语从句“who are rooted in their communities”，明确指出这些长者的特点是“扎根于社区”，因此他们的身份是“当地人”。故选A项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的使命证明，来自扎根于社区的当地年长者的支持能够弥合心理健康治疗的可及性鸿沟。A. leave离开；B. bridge弥合(差距)；C. discover发现；D. widen加宽。根据前文“mental health received 5 0.42 percent of the total healthcare budget”所揭示的资源不足问题，以及“The friendship bench provides safe places”所提供的解决方案，此处的目标应是“弥合”可及性差距。“bridge the gap”是固定搭配。故选B项。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到大量的人生活在抑郁、疲惫、孤独和焦虑的情绪中，Chibanda说，在他意识到解决全球心理健康危机的答案不在于更多的疾病诊断和药物治疗后，他受到了鼓舞去开发这个模式。A. reminded提醒；B. forced强迫；C. requested请求；D. encouraged鼓舞。根据前文“Seeing huge numbers of people living with feelings of depression, exhaustion, loneliness, and anxiety”描述了他看到的问题严重性，以及后文“after he grasped that the answers to the global mental health ________ do not lie in more diagnoses of disorders and medications.”表明他有了新的认识，这共同构成了他采取行动的积极内在动力，因此是“受到鼓舞”。故选D项。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到大量的人生活在抑郁、疲惫、孤独和焦虑的情绪中，Chibanda说，在他意识到解决全球心理健康危机的答案不在于更多的疾病诊断和药物治疗后，他受到了鼓舞去开发这个模式。A. education教育；B. aid援助；C. crisis危机；D. failure失败。根据前文“huge numbers of people living with feelings of depression, exhaustion, loneliness, and anxiety”所描述的普遍性、严重性问题，以及文章开头提到的预算极低(0.42%)的背景，这共同构成了一个需要系统性应对的“危机”局面。故选C项。
3.（2026·福建省福州第一中学月考）
体裁：说明文 词数：212 话题：乞力马扎罗山重现洁净 难度：★★★☆☆
Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They 1 with them lots of waste. The 2 might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers are disappearing, changing the 3 of Kilimanjaro. However, much has changed since the days of some disturbing reports. The environmental challenges are still 4 but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 5 . People now see a clean mountain.
The best of a Kilimanjaro 6 in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top. Mountains are 7 as spiritual places by many cultures. This 8 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 9 go through five ecosystems in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3,000 meters, 10 lands of low growing plants. Further up, low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I 11 twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4,000 meters is the highland 12 : gravel (砾石), stones and rocks. 13 you climb into an arctic-like zone with 14 snow and the glaciers.
Does Kilimanjaro 15 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace I found the opposite to be true.212
1．A．keep B．mix C．connect D．bring
2．A．stories B．buildings C．crowds D．reporters
3．A．position B．age C．face D．name
4．A．new B．special C．significant D．necessary
5．A．paying off B．spreading out C．blowing up D．fading away
6．A．atmosphere B．experience C．experiment D．sight
7．A．studied B．observed C．explored D．regarded
8．A．view B．quality C．reason D．purpose
9．A．scientists B．climbers C．locals D．officials
10．A．holding on to B．going back to C．living up to D．giving way to
11．A．match B．imagine C．count D．add
12．A．village B．desert C．road D．lake
13．A．Obviously B．Easily C．Consequently D．Finally
14．A．permanent B．little C．fresh D．artificial
15．A．enjoy B．deserve C．save D．acquire
【答案】
1．D 2．C 3．C 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．D 11．C 12．B 13．D 14．A 15．B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗山展开，描述了坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局的治理举措成效显著，如今的乞力马扎罗山已重现洁净。文章还介绍了登山过程中会经历的五种生态系统，最后反驳了“乞力马扎罗山因游客众多而破坏宁静氛围”的说法。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会随身带来大量的垃圾。A. keep保持；B. mix混合；C. connect连接；D. bring带来。根据前文“about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro”及后文“lots of waste”可知，登山者在攀爬过程中会带来垃圾，对山体环境造成影响。故选D项。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些人群可能会破坏这个地方的美感。A. stories故事；B. buildings建筑物；C. crowds人群；D. reporters记者。根据前文“about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro”可知，每年有四万人攀爬此山，正是这些人群的活动会破坏山体的自然美感。故选C项。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：冰川正在消融，改变着乞力马扎罗山的面貌。A. position位置；B. age年龄；C. face面貌；D. name名字。根据前文“The glaciers are disappearing”可知，冰川是乞力马扎罗山的标志性景观，冰川消融会直接改变山的面貌。故选C项。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：环境挑战依然很大，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在见效。A. new新的；B. special特别的；C. significant重大的、显著的；D. necessary必要的。根据前文“The environmental challenges are still”以及后文“but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be”可知，此处指环境挑战仍然很大，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在取得成效。故选C项。
5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：环境挑战依然很大，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在见效。A. paying off见效、取得成功；B. spreading out展开；C. blowing up爆炸；D. fading away逐渐消失。根据后文“People now see a clean mountain”可知，管理局的治理努力见效了，山体重新变得洁净。故选A项。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我看来，攀登乞力马扎罗山的最佳体验并非登顶。A. atmosphere氛围；B. experience体验；C. experiment实验；D. sight景象。根据后文“isn’t reaching the top”可知，此处指攀登乞力马扎罗山的最佳体验不是到达山顶。故选B项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在许多文化中，山脉被视为具有灵性的地方。A. studied研究；B. observed观察；C. explored探索；D. regarded视为。根据后文“as spiritual places by many cultures”可知，此处指许多文化都将山视为精神之地，be regarded as为固定短语，意为“被视为、被当作”。故选D项。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种观点在乞力马扎罗山尤为明显，因为登山者在短短几公里的路程中就要穿越五种生态系统。A. view看法、观点；B. quality品质；C. reason原因；D. purpose目的。根据前文“Mountains are ____ as spiritual places”及后文五种生态系统的介绍可知，这种“山脉具有灵性”的观点在乞力马扎罗山体现得格外突出。故选A项。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种观点在乞力马扎罗山尤为明显，因为登山者在短短几公里的路程中就要穿越五种生态系统。A. scientists科学家；B. climbers登山者；C. locals当地人；D. officials官员。根据前文“about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro”可知，只有登山者在攀爬过程中才能体验到这五种生态系统。故选B项。
10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：热带雨林在海拔3000米处突然中断，取而代之的是生长着低矮植物的地带。A. holding on to坚持；B. going back to回到；C. living up to不辜负；D. giving way to被……取代。根据前文“It ends abruptly at 3,000 meters”可知，热带雨林的生态系统在此处终止，被低矮植物的生态系统取代。故选D项。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从我站的地方，我能数出十二种不同深浅的绿色。A. match匹配；B. imagine想象；C. count数；D. add添加。根据后文“twelve shades of green”可知，作者能数出十二种绿色的层次，体现出植被的丰富多样。故选C项。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：海拔4000米以上是高原荒漠：遍地砾石、石块和岩石。A. village村庄；B. desert荒漠；C. road道路；D. lake湖泊。根据后文“gravel (砾石), stones and rocks.”可知，此处没有植被覆盖，是一片荒漠地貌。故选B项。
13．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，你会爬到一个类似北极的地带，这里有着永久的积雪和冰川。A. Obviously明显地；B. Easily容易地；C. Consequently因此；D. Finally最后。根据前文“At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, ____lands of low growing plants. Further up, low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I____ twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above4,000 meters is the highland ____: gravel (砾石), stones and rocks.”可知，此处描述的是从山脚到山顶的不同生态系统，此处指最后，你爬进一个类似北极的地带。故选D项。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，你会爬到一个类似北极的地带，这里有着永久的积雪和冰川。A. permanent永久的；B. little少量的；C. fresh新鲜的；D. artificial人造的。根据前文“an arctic-like zone”可知，类似北极的地带会有永久的积雪和冰川，符合其气候特征。故选A项。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：乞力马扎罗山是一座拥挤的山，排起长队的游客破坏了和平的气氛，这真的是它应得的吗？我发现事实正好相反。A. enjoy享受；B. deserve值得、应得；C. save拯救；D. acquire获得。根据后文“I found the opposite to be true”可知，作者质疑乞力马扎罗山是否应得“拥挤破坏宁静”的这一负面名声。故选B项。
4．（2026·甘肃省兰州市兰州市期中）
体裁：说明文 词数：255 话题：年社区Mirabella 难度：★★★☆☆
Opened in 2020, Mirabella is a 20-storey community at Arizona State University. Mirabella offers 1 a university pass, allowing access to classes and cultural events without the stress of exams. Electric buses transport residents across the large campus, though many remain 2 enough to ride mountain bikes.
Mirabella has four restaurants, an art studio, a pool, a gym and a games room. Only the second floor, with a memory-care centre, feels 3 . Lindsay Beagley, head of Lifelong University Engagement, notes that some couples 4 when one requires round-the-clock care.
This model is part of a growing 5 , with around 85 US colleges offering senior-living arrangements. The concept 6 in the 1980s when two college presidents wished to 7 on campus. Today, institutions from Central Florida to Stanford try to 8 older adults. Andrew Carle of Georgetown University estimates that 20,000 seniors live this way.
As baby boomers age — 10,000 turn 65 daily — demand for various, stimulating retirement options 9 . Universities, facing declining students, see a(n) 10 . Carle notes that integrating seniors can address space issues and 11 boost charity, as residents may include universities in their wills.
Bill Smith, an 80-year-old former newspaper editor, 12 Mirabella with his wife, a chemistry PhD holder. They’ve 13 both residents and students. “Being among young people is energetic,” Smith says, reflecting on discussions like one about AI and extended lifespans, where 14 participants were enthusiastic, while older ones had reservations. This intergenerational dynamic 15 both students and seniors, creating a great community.
1．A．athletes B．seniors C．teenagers D．businessmen
2．A．traditional B．open-minded C．active D．courageous
3．A．natural B．critical C．social D．institutional
4．A．combine B．part C．discuss D．leave
5．A．market B．idea C．trend D．invention
6．A．began B．remained C．changed D．faded
7．A．work B．lecture C．succeed D．retire
8．A．satisfy B．shelter C．fool D．employ
9．A．decreases B．disappears C．exits D．grows
10．A．honour B．disadvantage C．opportunity D．trouble
11．A．potentially B．initially C．slightly D．temporarily
12．A．looked into B．set up C．moved to D．commented on
13．A．cheated B．helped C．befriended D．outweighed
14．A．smarter B．younger C．older D．greater
15．A．enriches B．challenges C．beats D．astonishes
【答案】
1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．A 9．D 10．C 11．A 12．C 13．C 14．B 15．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍亚利桑那州立大学2020年启用的老年社区Mirabella，提及美国大学老年居住模式的发展趋势、成因及代际互动带来的双赢效果。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：米拉贝拉为老年人提供了一张大学通行证，使他们能够参加各类课程和文化活动，而无需承受考试的压力。A. athletes运动员；B. seniors老年人；C. teenagers青少年；D. businessmen商人。后文多次提及“senior-living arrangements”、“older adults”、“20,000 seniors”可知，Mirabella是面向老年人的社区，故此处指为“老年人（seniors）”提供大学通行证。故选B。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：电动公交车将居民们运载至校园的各个角落，不过仍有许多人精力充沛，能够骑着山地自行车出行。A. traditional传统的；B. open-minded虚心的；C. active活跃的；D. courageous勇敢的。根据后文“enough to ride mountain bikes”以及前文提到电动巴士接送居民，“though”表转折，说明许多居民仍精力充沛，会骑山地车。故选C。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：只有二楼设有记忆护理中心的部分区域才显得有些像养老院。A. natural自然的；B. critical批判的；C. social社会的；D. institutional制度的，机构的。根据上文“Only the second floor, with a memory-care centre, feels”可知，Mirabella整体是老年社区，设施丰富，仅二楼设有记忆护理中心，会让人感觉更“制度化（institutional）”，符合护理中心的属性。故选D。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：终身大学教育项目负责人林赛·贝格利指出，当一方需要全天候的照料时，一些夫妻就只能分开。A. combine结合；B. part分开；C. discuss讨论；D. leave离开。结合后文“when one requires round-the-clock care(当一方需要全天候护理时)”可知，当一方需要全天候的照料时，有些夫妇会因此“分开（part）”，leave 侧重 “主动离开（某人/某地）”，隐含 “一方抛下另一方” 的倾向，语气稍显主观，与全文客观中立的介绍风格不符。故选B。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种模式是当前趋势的一部分，目前约有85所美国高校提供老年人居住服务。A. market 市场；B. idea想法；C. trend趋势；D. invention意图。后文“with around 85 US colleges offering senior-living arrangements”提到约85所美国大学提供老年居住安排，说明这种模式是一种不断发展的“趋势（trend）”。故选C。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一理念始于20世纪80年代，当时两位大学校长希望能在校园内退休。A. began开始；B. remained维持；C. changed改变；D. faded褪色。后文“in the 1980s when two college presidents wished to”提及“20世纪80年代两位大学校长的想法”，说明这个概念在当时“开始（began）” 出现。故选A。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一理念始于20世纪80年代，当时两位大学校长希望能在校园内退休。A. work工作；B. lecture演讲；C. succeed成功；D. retire退休。结合上文可知，该概念是面向老年人的社区模式，由此推测，起源于两位校长希望在校园里“退休（retire）”的愿望。故选D。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，从佛罗里达州中部到斯坦福大学，各类机构都在努力满足老年人的需求。A. satisfy满足；B. shelter庇护；C. fool愚弄；D. employ采用。根据上文“with around 85 US colleges offering senior-living arrangements. ”可知，如今许多大学都在尝试这种模式，目的是“满足（satisfy）”老年人的需求。故选A。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着婴儿潮一代逐渐步入老年，每天有10000人年满65岁——对各种富有刺激性的退休生活选择的需求也随之增加。A. decreases减少；B. disappears消失；C. exits存在；D. grows成长，增长。根据上文“As baby boomers age — 10,000 turn 65 daily — demand for various, stimulating retirement options”可知，婴儿潮一代每天有1万人满65岁，对多样化、有刺激性的退休选择的需求必然会“增长（grows）”。故选D。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：面对学生数量减少的状况，各高校看到了一个机遇。A. honour荣誉；B. disadvantage缺点；C. opportunity机会；D. trouble麻烦。根据上文“As baby boomers age — 10,000 turn 65 daily — demand for various, stimulating retirement options”可知，每天有10000人年满65岁，而大学面临学生数量下降的问题，而老年人的需求增长对他们来说是一个“机会（opportunity）”。故选C。
11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：卡尔勒指出，将老年人纳入其中能够解决空间问题，并且还有可能促进慈善事业的发展，因为这些居民在立遗嘱时可能会将大学纳入其遗产分配范围。A. potentially潜在地；B. initially首先；C. slightly稍微；D. temporarily暂时地。根据后文“boost charity, as residents may include universities in their wills.”可知，融入老年人不仅能解决空间问题，还“潜在地（potentially）”能增加慈善捐赠（居民可能在遗嘱中提及大学）。故选A。
12．考查动词短语辨析。句意：比尔·史密斯是一位80岁的前报纸编辑，他与妻子一起搬到了Mirabella。他的妻子是一位拥有化学博士学位的学者。A. looked into调查；B. set up建立；C. moved to搬家；D. commented on评论。根据后文“both residents and students.”可知，80岁的比尔·史密斯和妻子是Mirabella的居民，故此处指他们“搬到（moved to）”这里。故选C。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们与这里的居民和学生都成为了朋友。A. cheated欺骗；B. helped帮助；C. befriended交朋友；D. outweighed超过。后文提到他们和年轻人交流，说明他们既和其他居民，也和学生“交了朋友（befriended）”。故选C。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：史密斯说：“与年轻人在一起总是充满活力的。”他谈到过一些关于人工智能和延长寿命的讨论，在这些讨论中，年轻的参与者热情高涨，而年长的参与者则有所保留。A. smarter更聪明的；B. younger更年轻的；C. older更老的；D. greater更伟大的。根据后文“participants were enthusiastic, while older ones had reservations”中“while”表对比，老年人对人工智能和延长寿命的话题持保留态度，与之对比的是“年轻（younger）”参与者更热情。故选B。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种代际互动既丰富了学生的生活，也丰富了老年人的生活，打造出了一个优质社区。A. enriches使丰富；B. challenges挑战；C. beats打败；D. astonishes使震惊。根据后文“both students and seniors, creating a great community”可知，这种代际互动对学生和老年人都有好处，能“丰富（enriches）”双方的体验，打造良好的社区。故选A。
5．（2026·广东省广州市南沙区教学质量检测）
体裁：议论文 词数：255 话题：食物的特殊意义 难度：★★★☆☆
Food has a special way of connecting people. As José Andres said, it brings back memories, unites people, and 1 us to faraway places. My mom’s 2 cooking in Illinois, a French sandwich from a street stand in Italy, and a grilled hot dog at the Grand Canyon with my family all hold precious 3 . These moments 4 us that food is more than sustenance — it’s a bridge between hearts, histories, and shared experiences that linger long after the meal ends.
Trying different foods is like 5 new cultures. Sharing meals helps us understand others better. Every bite gives us a deep 6 of the local community, whether it’s the spices of a Moroccan tagine or the simplicity of a Japanese tea ceremony. That’s why we made a guide to the best 7 in each state from Alaska’s salmon salad rooted in Indigenous traditions to Wyoming’s bison burgers celebrating frontier heritage.
We also share a chef’s story of mastering all the recipes her mentor (导师) 8 with her and customers’ tips on the 9 that transformed her cooking. These tales feel like 10 wisdom from a kitchen companion — simple, heartfelt, and deeply warm.
As Anthony Bourdain said, food might not fix everything, but it’s a 11 start. Let’s begin by 12 new tastes. Whether at home or 13 , food connects us uniquely. So 14 a napkin and enjoy every meal, which is a unique chance to 15 — whether through flavors, stories, or the quiet joy of a shared table.
1．A．transports B．invites C．restricts D．returns
2．A．terrible B．fast C．homemade D．restaurant
3．A．pain B．memories C．secrets D．dreams
4．A．warn B．inform C．amuse D．remind
5．A．avoiding B．creating C．exploring D．leaving
6．A．doubt B．fear C．understanding D．solution
7．A．book B．food C．drink D．salad
8．A．hid B．bought C．forgot D．shared
9．A．novels B．dishes C．workouts D．hobbies
10．A．flavorful B．useless C．confusing D．technical
11．A．good B．tiny C．bad D．wrong
12．A．refusing B．forgetting C．disliking D．seeking
13．A．late B．upstairs C．above D．abroad
14．A．grab B．lose C．wash D．burn
15．A．imagine B．regret C．experience D．wait
【答案】
1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．C 6．C 7．B 8．D 9．B 10．A 11．A 12．D 13．D 14．A 15．C
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了食物的特殊意义——它不仅能唤起回忆、连接人们，还能带我们“抵达”远方。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如José Andres所说，食物带回记忆，团结人们，并将我们运送到遥远的地方。A. transports运送、使置身于（某地）；B. invites邀请；C. restricts限制；D. returns返回。根据后文“faraway places”可知，食物能将人带到远方，“transports”符合语境，故选A项。
2．考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈在伊利诺伊州的家常菜、意大利街头摊位上的法式三明治，以及和家人在大峡谷吃的烤热狗，都承载着珍贵的回忆。A. terrible糟糕的；B. fast快的；C. homemade家常的；D. restaurant餐厅。根据后文“cooking in Illinois”以及后文提到的食物承载回忆可知，此处指妈妈在家做的家常菜，故选C项。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈在伊利诺伊州的家常菜、意大利街头摊位上的法式三明治，以及和家人在大峡谷吃的烤热狗，都承载着珍贵的回忆。A. pain痛苦；B. memories回忆；C. secrets秘密；D. dreams梦想。根据前文“it brings back memories”可知，这些食物承载着珍贵的回忆，故选B项。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些时刻提醒我们，食物不仅仅是维持生命的东西——它是心灵、历史和共享体验之间的桥梁，即使餐食结束，这种联系也会长久留存。A. warn警告；B. inform通知；C. amuse娱乐；D. remind提醒。根据后文“food is more than sustenance”可知，这些时刻是在提醒食物的深层意义，故选D项。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尝试不同的食物就像探索新的文化。A. avoiding避免；B. creating创造；C. exploring探索；D. leaving离开。根据前文“Trying different foods”以及后文“new cultures”可知，尝试不同食物就像探索新文化，逻辑对应，故选C项。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一口都能让我们深入了解当地社区，无论是摩洛哥炖菜的香料，还是日本茶道的简约。A. doubt怀疑；B. fear恐惧；C. understanding理解；D. solution解决方案。根据前文“Sharing meals helps us understand others better.”可知，每一口食物都能让我们深入了解当地社区，a deep understanding of...含义为“对……的深入了解”，符合语境，故选C项。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么我们制作了一份指南，介绍每个州最好的食物，从阿拉斯加根植于土著传统的三文鱼沙拉，到怀俄明州庆祝边疆遗产的野牛汉堡。A. book书；B. food食物；C. drink饮料；D. salad沙拉。根据后文“from Alaska’s salmon salad rooted in Indigenous traditions to Wyoming’s bison burgers celebrating frontier heritage”可知，指南介绍的是每个州最好的食物，故选B项。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们还分享了一位厨师的故事，她掌握了导师与她分享的所有食谱，以及顾客对改变她烹饪的菜肴的建议。A. hid隐藏；B. bought买；C. forgot忘记；D. shared分享。根据前文“mastering all the recipes her mentor(导师 )”可知，导师应是分享食谱给学生，故选D项。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们还分享了一位厨师的故事，她掌握了导师与她分享的所有食谱，以及顾客对改变她烹饪的菜肴的建议。A. novels小说；B. dishes菜肴；C. workouts锻炼；D. hobbies爱好。根据后文“transformed her cooking”可知，“改变烹饪”对应的是“菜肴”，故选B项。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些故事像来自厨房伙伴的有滋味的智慧——简单、真诚、温暖。A. flavorful有滋味的；B. useless无用的；C. confusing困惑的；D. technical技术的。根据后文“simple, heartfelt, and deeply warm”可知，简单、真诚、温暖正如厨房“有滋味的”的菜肴，所以flavorful符合语境，故选A项。
11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：正如Anthony Bourdain所说，食物可能无法解决所有问题，但这是一个良好的开端。A. good好的；B. tiny微小的；C. bad坏的；D. wrong错误的。根据前文“food might not fix everything, but it’s a”可知，食物虽不能解决所有问题，但是个好的开端，故选A项。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：让我们从寻找新的口味开始吧。A. refusing拒绝；B. forgetting忘记；C. disliking不喜欢；D. seeking寻找。根据后文“new tastes”可知，此处是作者鼓励人们寻找新的口味，故选D项。
13．考查副词和介词词义辨析。句意：无论是在家还是国外，食物都能以独特的方式将我们联系在一起。A. late晚地；B. upstairs楼上；C. above在上面；D. abroad在国外。与“at home”对应的是“abroad”，故选D项。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，拿起餐巾纸，享受每一顿饭，这是一个独特的体验机会——无论是通过风味、故事，还是共享餐桌的安静喜悦。A. grab抓住、拿起；B. lose失去；C. wash洗；D. burn燃烧。根据后文“a napkin and enjoy every meal”可知，是拿起餐巾纸享受美食，故选A项。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，拿起餐巾纸，享受每一顿饭，这是一个独特的体验机会——无论是通过风味、故事，还是共享餐桌的安静喜悦。A. imagine想象；B. regret后悔；C. experience体验；D. wait等待。根据前文“which is a unique chance ”以及后文“whether through flavors, stories, or the quiet joy of a shared table.”可知，享受美食是独特的体验机会，故选C项。
说明文和议论文完形填空综合练
1.（2026·贵州省贵阳市七校联考联合考试（一））
体裁：说明文 词数：257 话题：“农场到学校”运动 难度：★★★☆☆
On a hot summer morning in Colorado, Derrick Hoffman was 1 examining a row of cherry tomato plants. He and his team were looking for the 2 tomatoes. The timing was important — these tomatoes had to match the school lunch schedule. Once 3 , they would be sent to the Greeley Evans School District food services warehouse just five miles away.
Hoffman runs a 100-acre farm, where he grows a(n) 4 of vegetables like peppers, eggplants and broccoli. This fall, his produce will be 5 in the cafeterias of local schools. He is part of the growing Farm to School movement that is improving the 6 of school lunches.
When Farm to School programming works as designed, kids fill their 7 with fresh, nutritious food, and local farm economies get a major 8 , creating a more stable regional food supply chain. 9 call it a “triple win” — benefiting kids, farmers, and schools.
However, it is not always easy to make this idea 10 . Many schools struggle to purchase, store, and prepare fresh, local food. 11 harvest schedules with school menus, ensuring food safety, and training cafeteria workers all 12 time, money, and people working well together. Despite these challenges, the movement is making 13 . By 2019, over 60,000 schools had 14 Farm to School programs.
For farmers like Hoffman, the Farm to School program is more than a business 15 — it’s a way to connect with the next generation, build healthier communities, and plant the seeds for a more sustainable future.257
1．A．calmly B．carefully C．quickly D．casually
2．A．softest B．roundest C．biggest D．ripest
3．A．picked B．planted C．watered D．stored
4．A．kind B．amount C．variety D．group
5．A．served B．displayed C．sorted D．packed
6．A．style B．taste C．quality D．appearance
7．A．boxes B．bags C．hands D．plates
8．A．label B．boost C．discount D．update
9．A．Teachers B．Opponents C．Visitors D．Advocates
10．A．change B．work C．break D．stop
11．A．Matching B．Following C．Comparing D．Choosing
12．A．increase B．divide C．require D．save
13．A．sense B．power C．contact D．progress
14．A．responded to B．participated in C．taken over D．focused on
15．A．case B．practice C．solution D．opportunity
【答案】
1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．D 10．B 11．A 12．C 13．D 14．B 15．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“农场到学校”运动，该运动由霍夫曼等农民参与，将农场新鲜蔬菜供应到学校食堂，虽实施有挑战，但已取得进展，对农民、孩子和学校都有益。
1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在科罗拉多州一个炎热的夏日早晨，德里克·霍夫曼正在仔细地检查一排樱桃番茄植株。A. calmly平静地；B. carefully仔细地；C. quickly快速地；D. casually随意地。根据下文“He and his team were looking for the ________ tomatoes.”可知，他和团队在寻找东西，所以此处表示仔细检查植株。故选B。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他和他的团队正在寻找最成熟的番茄。A. softest最柔软的；B. roundest最圆的；C. biggest最大的；D. ripest最成熟的。根据下文“The timing was important — these tomatoes had to match the school lunch schedule.”可知，番茄要符合学校午餐时间安排，所以应是找最成熟的。故选D。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一旦被采摘，它们就会被送到仅五英里外的格里利埃文斯学区食品服务仓库。A. picked采摘；B. planted种植；C. watered浇水；D. stored储存。根据下文“they would be sent to the Greeley Evans School District food services warehouse just five miles away.”可知，番茄要被送走，前提是被采摘。故选A。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：霍夫曼经营着一个100英亩的农场，他在那里种植各种蔬菜，如辣椒、茄子和西兰花。A. kind种类；B. amount数量；C. variety各式各样；D. group组。根据下文“like peppers, eggplants and broccoli”可知，农场种植多种蔬菜，a variety of表示“各种各样的”。故选C。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年秋天，他的农产品将在当地学校的食堂供应。A. served供应；B. displayed展示；C. sorted分类；D. packed打包。根据下文“in the cafeterias of local schools. He is part of the growing Farm to School movement that is improving the _______ of school lunches.”以及语境可知，农产品要在学校食堂供应。故选A。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是日益壮大的“农场到学校”运动的一部分，该运动正在提高学校午餐的质量。A. style风格；B. taste味道；C. quality质量；D. appearance外观。根据下文“When Farm to School programming works as designed, kids fill their ________ with fresh, nutritious food, and local farm economies get a major _______ , creating a more stable regional food supply chain. ________ call it a “triple win” — benefiting kids, farmers, and schools.”可知，该运动提供新鲜有营养的食物，所以此处表示提高学校的午餐的质量。故选C。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当“农场到学校”项目按设计运作时，孩子们会在盘子里装满新鲜、有营养的食物，当地农场经济会得到重大推动，从而创造更稳定的区域食品供应链。A. boxes盒子；B. bags包；C. hands手；D. plates盘子。根据上文“kids fill their”以及后文“with fresh, nutritious food”可知，此处表示的是孩子们在盘子里装满食物。故选D。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当“农场到学校”项目按设计运作时，孩子们会在盘子里装满新鲜、有营养的食物，当地农场经济会得到重大推动，从而创造更稳定的区域食品供应链。A. label标签；B. boost推动；C. discount折扣；D. update更新。根据下文“creating a more stable regional food supply chain.”可知，此处表示农场经济得到推动，进而创造更稳定的供应链。故选B。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：支持者称其为“三赢”——对孩子们、农民和学校都有益。A. Teachers老师；B. Opponents反对者；C. Visitors参观者；D. Advocates支持者。根据下文“call it a “triple win” — benefiting kids, farmers, and schools.”可知，称其为“三赢”的应是支持者。故选D。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，要让这个想法奏效并不总是那么容易。A. change改变；B. work奏效；C. break打破；D. stop停止。根据下文“Many schools struggle to purchase, store, and prepare fresh, local food.”可知，很多学校实施起来有困难，所以此处表示让这个想法奏效不容易。故选B。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：协调收获时间表与学校菜单，确保食品安全，以及培训食堂工作人员，所有这些都需要时间、金钱和人们良好的合作。A. Matching协调；B. Following跟随；C. Comparing比较；D. Choosing选择。根据下文“harvest schedules with school menus,”以及常识可知，此处表示协调收获时间和学校菜单。故选A。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：协调收获时间表与学校菜单，确保食品安全，以及培训食堂工作人员，所有这些都需要时间、金钱和人们良好的合作。A. increase增加；B. divide分开；C. require需要；D. save节省。根据上文“__________ harvest schedules with school menus, ensuring food safety, and training cafeteria workers”以及语境可知，上文所提出的各项工作都需要时间、金钱和人们良好的合作。故选C。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临这些挑战，这项运动仍在取得进展。A. sense感觉；B. power力量；C. contact联系；D. progress进展。根据下文“By 2019, over 60,000 schools had __________ Farm to School programs.”可知，很多学校参与了项目，说明运动取得进展。故选D。
14．考查动词短语辨析。句意：到2019年，超过6万所学校参与了“农场到学校”项目。A. responded to回应；B. participated in参与；C. taken over接管；D. focused on专注于。根据上文“Despite these challenges, the movement is making __________ .”可知，该项目取得进展，所以此处表示很多学校参与了项目。故选B。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于像霍夫曼这样的农民来说，“农场到学校”项目不仅仅是一个商业机会——它是一种与下一代建立联系、建设更健康的社区以及为更可持续的未来播下种子的方式。A. case案例；B. practice实践；C. solution解决方案；D. opportunity机会。根据上文“For farmers like Hoffman”以及下文“it’s a way to connect with the next generation, build healthier communities, and plant the seeds for a more sustainable future.”可知，对农民来说这不仅仅是个商业机会。故选D。
2.（2026·甘肃省天水市麦积区月考）
体裁：说明文 词数：233 话题：李子柒为非遗传承与发展助力 难度：★★★☆☆
The Spring Festival Gala of China Media Group 1 the curtain on the evening of January 28th, 2025. Li Ziqi, a well-known short-video creator in the field of traditional culture, 2 onto the Spring Festival Gala stage for the first time. She brought a big 3 to the audience with 13 intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) skills, celebrating the first Spring Festival after the successful inscription of related cultural heritages. In the opening visual show, Li Ziqi 4 in a beautiful long dress. As she gracefully 5 her hands, a pair of huge and stunning butterfly wings, which 6 Weifang kite and Zhijin techniques, slowly unfolded. Bionic butterflies, as if they were alive, 7 from a distance and fluttered around her. This scene 8 an innovative opening show that combined a sense of technology with the elegance (优雅) of Eastern aesthetics.
The stage design 9 butterfly elements, which served as a perfect 10 to display 13 intangible 11 heritage skills, like plant dyeing (染), Qingshen bamboo weaving, mother-of-pearl inlay (镶嵌), Chengdu lacquer (漆) art, Qiang embroidery (羌绣), and Yingshan flower-twining. Through the 12 of beautiful colors and creative designs, the beauty of traditional culture was vividly 13 . Li Ziqi’s performance on the Spring Festival Gala is not only a 14 of traditional culture but also a strong 15 for the inheritance and development of intangible cultural heritage.
1．A．lifted B．dropped C．raised D．closed
2．A．jumped B．stepped C．climbed D．flew
3．A．gift B．honor C．surprise D．dream
4．A．lay B．hid C．sat D．appeared
5．A．waved B．raised C．shook D．spread
6．A．removed B．separated C．combined D．destroyed
7．A．ran B．flew C．swam D．walked
8．A．copied B．created C．followed D．missed
9．A．included B．added C．ignored D．excluded
10．A．result B．reason C．background D．problem
11．A．article B．cultural C．historical D．natural
12．A．combination B．balance C．comparison D．change
13．A．covered B．forgotten C．hidden D．interpreted
14．A．symbol B．memory C．display D．protection
15．A．encouragement B．warning C．request D．question
【答案】
1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．B 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．A 13．D 14．C 15．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了传统文化领域的知名短视频创作者李子柒首次登上春晚舞台，通过展示13项非物质文化遗产技艺，为观众带来惊喜，为非遗传承与发展助力。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2025年1月28日晚，中央广播电视总台春节联欢晚会拉开帷幕。A. lifted提起、升起、拉开；B. dropped落下；C. raised提高、筹集；D. closed关闭。根据前文“The Spring Festival Gala”和后文“the curtain”可推知，春节联欢晚会拉开了帷幕；lift the curtain“拉开帷幕”。故选A项。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：传统文化领域的知名短视频创作者李子柒首次登上春晚舞台。A. jumped跳跃；B. stepped走、踏上；C. climbed攀爬；D. flew飞翔。根据后文“onto the Spring Festival Gala stage”和“She brought a big 3 to the audience with 13 intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) skills”可知，李子柒登上了春晚舞台，并展示了非物质文化遗产技艺。故选B项。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她带来了13项非物质文化遗产技艺，给观众带来了一个大惊喜，庆祝相关文化遗产成功申遗后的第一个春节。A. gift礼物；B. honor荣誉；C. surprise惊喜；D. dream梦想。根据前文“She brought a big”以及后文提到她展示了13项非物质文化遗产技艺，可知给观众带来了一个大惊喜。故选C项。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在开场视觉秀中，李子柒身着美丽的长裙亮相。A. lay躺；B. hid隐藏；C. sat坐；D. appeared出现、亮相。根据前文“In the opening visual show”和后文“in a beautiful long dress”可推知，李子柒是身着美丽的长裙亮相。故选D项。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她优雅地张开双手时，一对融合了潍坊风筝和织金技艺的巨大而惊艳的蝴蝶翅膀慢慢展开。A. waved挥动；B. raised提高；C. shook摇晃；D. spread展开、张开。根据后文“a pair of huge and stunning butterfly wings”和“slowly unfolded”可推知，她张开双手，蝴蝶翅膀也慢慢展开。故选D项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她优雅地张开双手时，一对融合了潍坊风筝和织金技艺的巨大而惊艳的蝴蝶翅膀慢慢展开。A. removed去除；B. separated分开；C. combined结合；D. destroyed破坏。根据后文“Weifang kite and Zhijin techniques”可知，蝴蝶翅膀融合了潍坊风筝和织金技艺。故选C项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：仿生蝴蝶仿佛活了过来，从远处飞来，在她身边翩翩起舞。A. ran奔跑；B. flew飞；C. swam游泳；D. walked步行。根据前文“as if they were alive”可知，蝴蝶仿佛活了过来，所以是飞来的。故选B项。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一幕创造了一个将科技感与东方美学优雅相结合的创新开场秀。A. copied复制；B. created创造；C. followed跟随；D. missed错过。根据后文“an innovative opening show”可知，这一幕创造了一个创新的开场秀。故选B项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：舞台设计包含了蝴蝶元素，为展示13项非物质文化遗产技艺提供了完美的背景，如植物染色、青神竹编、螺钿镶嵌、成都漆艺、羌绣和颖扇花缠。A. included包含、融入；B. added增加；C. ignored忽视；D. excluded排除。根据前文“As she gracefully 5 her hands, a pair of huge and stunning butterfly wings, which 6 Weifang kite and Zhijin techniques, slowly unfolded. Bionic butterflies, as if they were alive, 7 from a distance and fluttered around her.”和后文“butterfly elements”可知，蝴蝶被加入表演中，舞台设计包含了蝴蝶元素。故选A项。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：舞台设计包含了蝴蝶元素，为展示13项非物质文化遗产技艺提供了完美的背景，如植物染色、青神竹编、螺钿镶嵌、成都漆艺、羌绣和颖扇花缠。A. result结果；B. reason原因；C. background背景；D. problem问题。根据前文“Bionic butterflies, as if they were alive, 7 from a distance and fluttered around her.”可知，蝴蝶在李子柒周围飞舞，是她展示非物质文化遗产技艺的完美背景。故选C项。
11．考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：舞台设计包含了蝴蝶元素，为展示13项非物质文化遗产技艺提供了完美的背景，如植物染色、青神竹编、螺钿镶嵌、成都漆艺、羌绣和颖扇花缠。A. article文章；B. cultural文化的；C. historical历史的；D. natural自然的。根据后文“like plant dyeing (染), Qingshen bamboo weaving, mother-of-pearl inlay (镶嵌), Chengdu lacquer (漆) art, Qiang embroidery (羌绣), and Yingshan flower-twining”可知，这些都是非物质文化遗产技艺。故选B项。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过美丽的色彩和创意设计的结合，传统文化的美丽被生动地诠释出来。A. combination结合；B. balance平衡；C. comparison比较；D. change改变。根据后文“of beautiful colors and creative designs”可知，美丽的色彩和创意设计结合到了一起。故选A项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过美丽的色彩和创意设计的结合，传统文化的美丽被生动地诠释出来。A. covered覆盖；B. forgotten忘记；C. hidden隐藏；D. interpreted诠释、理解。根据上文“the beauty of traditional culture was vividly”可知，传统文化的美丽被生动地诠释出来。故选D项。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：李子柒在春晚舞台上的表演不仅是对传统文化的展示，也是对非物质文化遗产传承与发展的有力鼓励。A. symbol象征；B. memory记忆；C. display展示；D. protection保护。根据前文“She brought a big 3 to the audience with 13 intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) skills, celebrating the first Spring Festival after the successful inscription of related cultural heritages.”和“Li Ziqi’s performance on the Spring Festival Gala”可知，这是李子柒对传统文化的展示。故选C项。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：李子柒在春晚舞台上的表演不仅是对传统文化的展示，也是对非物质文化遗产传承与发展的有力鼓励。A. encouragement鼓励；B. warning警告；C. request要求；D. question问题。根据前文描述李子柒对传统非物质文化遗产技艺的展示和后文“for the inheritance and development of intangible cultural heritage”可推知，李子柒的表演和展示对非物质文化遗产传承与发展会起到鼓励作用。故选A项。
3.（2026·宁夏银川一中月考）
体裁：说明文 词数：254 话题：跳舞缓解学业压力并提升科研效率 难度：★★★☆☆
In the thick of (在……繁忙时) graduate studies at the University of Chicago, Constanza Rodriguez remembers feeling burnt-out. “Nothing was working in the lab, and I was very 1 ,” Rodriguez says. That’s when she decided to 2 the school’s Ballroom and Latin Dance Association. Soon, she found herself 3 nine or more hours a week, 4 making moves on three-inch heels (高跟鞋). Dancing took hours away from her research, and yet Rodriguez, who’s now a neurobiologist at the University of Alabama, quickly 5 that it was making her a better researcher. “The time I did spend in the lab was so much more 6 ; I could feel myself thinking 7 and remembering things better.”
Her experience confirmed an increasing number of research findings about the 8 of the brain: Molecules (分子) produced by muscles in 9 can improve the structure and condition of the brain. Scientists used to think that the brain 10 the body, while the body worked passively by sending signals of 11 back to the brain, which was always in charge like a ruler.
However, research in the last few years has 12 that belief. More studies have suggested that exercise has significant effects on the brain, including 13 the brain’s capacity to regenerate neurons (神经元) and improving neuron-to-neuron communication. “The emerging data really show that the brain is not this one-way organ that dominates the 14 of the body,” says muscle researcher Christoph Handschin. “ 15 , there’s a complex interaction between these systems.”
1．A．frightened B．stressed C．embarrassed D．confused
2．A．join B．organize C．investigate D．interview
3．A．driving B．suffering C．practicing D．teaching
4．A．nervously B．painfully C．fortunately D．cheerfully
5．A．imagined B．realized C．remembered D．predicted
6．A．efficient B．flexible C．appropriate D．accurate
7．A．honestly B．personally C．creatively D．sympathetically
8．A．safety B．health C．size D．problem
9．A．anxiety B．relief C．harmony D．motion
10．A．examined B．controlled C．followed D．ignored
11．A．sensation B．awareness C．emotion D．preference
12．A．accepted B．restated C．emphasized D．shaken
13．A．reflecting B．evaluating C．increasing D．restricting
14．A．weight B．recovery C．rest D．structure
15．A．Otherwise B．Besides C．Therefore D．Rather
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．B 11．A 12．D 13．C 14．C 15．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍Constanza Rodriguez通过跳舞缓解学业压力并提升科研效率，进而引出运动对大脑健康有益的研究发现。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“实验室里的研究进展不顺，我压力非常大。”Rodriguez说。A. frightened害怕的；B. stressed有压力的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. confused困惑的。根据上文“feeling burnt-out”和“Nothing was working in the lab”可知，Rodriguez处于压力大的状态。故选B项。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，她决定加入学校的交谊舞和拉丁舞协会。A. join加入；B. organize组织；C. investigate调查；D. interview采访。根据下文“the school’s Ballroom and Latin Dance Association.”以及下文“making moves on three-inch heels (高跟鞋)”可知，她“加入”该舞蹈协会。故选A项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，她发现自己每周要练习九个小时甚至更久，还开心地穿着三英寸的高跟鞋跳舞。A. driving驾驶；B. suffering遭受；C. practicing练习；D. teaching教。根据下文“nine or more hours a week”和“making moves on three-inch heels (高跟鞋)”可知，她在协会“练习”跳舞。故选C项。
4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：很快，她发现自己每周要练习九个小时甚至更久，还开心地穿着三英寸的高跟鞋跳舞。A. nervously紧张地；B. painfully痛苦地；C. fortunately幸运地；D. cheerfully开心地。下文“quickly ________ that it was making her a better researcher.”提到跳舞让她成为更好的研究者，可推断她跳舞时是愉悦的，“cheerfully”符合语境。故选D项。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：跳舞占用了她大量研究时间，但如今已是阿拉巴马大学神经生物学家的Rodriguez很快意识到，跳舞让她成为了更优秀的研究者。A. imagined想象；B. realized意识到；C. remembered记得；D. predicted预测。根据下文“that it was making her a better researcher”以及“I could feel myself thinking ________ and remembering things better.”可知，此处指她“意识到”跳舞所带来的积极影响。故选B项。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我在实验室里的时间效率高多了；我能感觉到自己思维更有创造性，记忆力也更好了。”A. efficient高效的；B. flexible灵活的；C. appropriate适当的；D. accurate准确的。根据下文“I could feel myself thinking ________ and remembering things better.”可知，她在实验室的时间“效率”更高。故选A项。
7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我在实验室里的时间效率高多了；我能感觉到自己思维更有创造性，记忆力也更好了。”A. honestly诚实地；B. personally在个人看来，亲自；C. creatively创造性地，有创造力地；D. sympathetically同情地。根据上文“making her a better researcher”以及下文“remembering things better.”可知，跳舞给她带来了积极的影响，思维更“有创造性”，符合科研所需能力以及跳舞所带来的积极变化。故选C项。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的经历印证了越来越多关于大脑健康的研究发现：肌肉在运动时产生的分子可以改善大脑的结构和状态。A. safety安全；B. health健康；C. size尺寸；D. problem问题。根据下文“improve the structure and condition of the brain”可知，研究发现是关于大脑的“健康”。故选B项。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的经历印证了越来越多关于大脑健康的研究发现：肌肉在运动时产生的分子可以改善大脑的结构和状态。A. anxiety焦虑；B. relief宽慰，减轻，消除；C. harmony和谐；D. motion运动。根据上文“Dancing took hours away from her research, and yet Rodriguez, who’s now a neurobiologist at the University of Alabama, quickly ________ that it was making her a better researcher.”讲述的Rodriguez通过跳舞（运动）受益，可知此处指“肌肉在运动中”产生的分子，“motion”符合语境。故选D项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：科学家们过去认为大脑控制着身体，而身体则被动地向大脑发送感觉信号，大脑始终像统治者一样掌控着一切。A. examined检查；B. controlled控制；C. followed跟随；D. ignored忽视。根据下文“while the body worked passively by sending signals of _______ back to the brain, which was always in charge like a ruler”可知，过去认为大脑“控制”身体。故选B项。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学家们过去认为大脑控制着身体，而身体则被动地向大脑发送感觉信号，大脑始终像统治者一样掌控着一切。A. sensation感觉，知觉；B. awareness意识；C. emotion情绪；D. preference偏好。根据空前“sending signals of ”、下文“back to the brain”以及常识可知，此处指身体向大脑传递“感觉”信号，符合生理机制，“sensation”符合语境。故选A项。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，过去几年的研究动摇了这一观点。A. accepted接受；B. restated重申，重新表述；C. emphasized强调；D. shaken动摇。根据下文“More studies have suggested that exercise has significant effects on the brain, including ________ the brain’s capacity to regenerate neurons (神经元) and improving neuron-to-neuron communication. ”可知，新的研究发现表明运动对大脑有显著影响，上一段指出科学家们过去认为大脑像统治者一样掌控着一切，而身体则被动地向大脑发送感觉信号，由此可知，此处指近几年的研究“动摇”了旧观念。故选D项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：更多研究表明，运动对大脑有显著影响，包括提高大脑再生神经元的能力和改善神经元间的交流。A. reflecting反映；B. evaluating评估；C. increasing提高；D. restricting限制。根据下文“improving neuron-to-neuron communication”可知，此处阐述运动对大脑的积极影响，increasing“提高”符合语境，指提高大脑再生神经元的能力。故选C项。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：肌肉研究员Christoph Handschin说：“新的数据确实表明，大脑并非是控制身体其他部分的单向器官。”A. weight重量；B. recovery恢复；C. rest其余部分，其他部分；D. structure结构。根据上文“Scientists used to think that the brain ________ the body”以及下文“there’s a complex interaction between these systems”可知，人们过去普遍认为大脑控制着身体的其他部分。故选C项。
15．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“相反，这些系统之间存在复杂的相互作用。”A. Otherwise否则；B. Besides此外；C. Therefore因此；D. Rather相反。根据下文“there’s a complex interaction between these systems.”可知，上文否定旧观点（大脑单向主导），下文提出新看法（系统间相互作用），“Rather”表示“（提出不同或相反的观点）相反”符合语境。故选D项。
4.（2026·安徽省合肥市庐阳区合肥市第八中学）
体裁：议论文 词数：245 话题：自我成长 难度：★★★☆☆
Sometimes a part of us must die before another part can come to life. This is a natural and necessary stage of our 1 , yet it can be painful or 2 if we don’t realize what’s happening. Actually, confusion is often the indication telling us a(n) 3 is happening within us. All humans go through many transitions — from childhood to adulthood — each requiring us to 4 an old version of ourselves.
With every shift from one stage to another, we must say 5 to the identity we once shaped. Sometimes, these identities are built in relationships or jobs, and when we change, those areas of our life become 6 . For example, we might spend years building a protective shell to 7 ourselves. However, one day we may feel 8 , longing to step beyond the limits of that shell. The old shell must fade for the new to 9 .
We may feel a strange 10 of excitement and sadness as we let go of what’s dying and make 11 for a fresh identity come out in its place. Like a snake shedding skin to make room for new growth, we too must release the 12 . Keeping symbols of change, like a snake’s skin, can 13 us that rebirth is natural.
By accepting this process — letting go of our past self with gratitude and 14 the new with an open mind — we prepare for life’s next 15 .245
1．A．growth B．escape C．history D．evolution
2．A．moving B．disappointing C．tiring D．puzzling
3．A．idea B．change C．inspiration D．notice
4．A．leave behind B．leave out C．let alone D．let out
5．A．hello B．thanks C．goodbye D．sorry
6．A．hurt B．influenced C．ignored D．deserted
7．A．support B．aid C．establish D．defend
8．A．connected B．required C．trapped D．opposed
9．A．emerge B．suspend C．occupy D．pose
10．A．urge B．relief C．need D．mixture
11．A．time B．way C．sense D．peace
12．A．past B．tension C．future D．energy
13．A．convince B．warn C．remind D．recall
14．A．hoping B．revealing C．welcoming D．suspecting
15．A．youth B．wonder C．harvest D．chapter
【答案】
1．A 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．D 11．B 12．A 13．C 14．C 15．D
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了人成长过程中旧我逝去新我诞生这一自然必要的阶段，指出应接受这一过程以迎接生活新的篇章。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我们成长过程中一个自然且必要的阶段，但如果我们没有意识到正在发生什么，它可能会很痛苦或令人困惑。A. growth成长；B. escape逃脱；C. history历史；D. evolution进化。根据后文“All humans go through many transitions — from childhood to adulthood”可知，从童年到成年的转变是成长过程的体现，这里强调的是成长阶段。故选A项。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我们成长过程中一个自然且必要的阶段，但如果我们没有意识到正在发生什么，它可能会很痛苦或令人困惑。A. moving感人的；B. disappointing令人失望的；C. tiring累人的；D. puzzling令人困惑的。由后文“Actually, confusion is often the indication telling us...”可知，此处提到的感受与“confusion(困惑)”相关，所以是令人困惑的。故选D项。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：实际上，困惑常常是告诉我们内心正在发生变化的迹象。A. idea想法；B. change变化；C. inspiration灵感；D. notice通知。根据前文“Sometimes a part of us must die before another part can come to life”以及后文“All humans go through many transitions”可知，人会经历部分消逝和另一部分诞生的过程，以及许多转变，这都表明内心在发生变化。故选B项。
4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：所有人都会经历许多转变——从童年到成年——每一次都要求我们抛弃过去的自己。A. leave behind抛弃，留下；B. leave out遗漏；C. let alone更不用说；D. let out放出，泄露。从前文“from childhood to adulthood”的转变可以看出，每个阶段的过渡都意味着要告别过去的自己，也就是抛弃过去的自己，符合文意。故选A项。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着从一个阶段到另一个阶段的每一次转变，我们必须和曾经塑造的身份说再见。A. hello招呼；B. thanks感谢；C. goodbye再见；D. sorry抱歉。结合前文提到的成长转变以及“each requiring us to leave behind an old version of ourselves”可知，阶段转变时要和过去的身份告别。故选C项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时，这些身份是在人际关系或工作中形成的，当我们改变时，我们生活中的那些方面就会受到影响。A. hurt伤害；B. influenced影响；C. ignored忽视；D. deserted抛弃。根据前文“when we change”和常识可知，人改变了，与之相关的在人际关系或工作中形成的身份必然会受到影响。故选B项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，我们可能会花数年时间建立一个保护壳来保护自己。A. support支持；B. aid帮助；C. establish建立；D. defend保护。根据“protective shell”这个描述，建立保护壳的目的是保护自己，符合逻辑。故选D项。
8．考查形容词（过去分词）词义辨析。句意：然而，有一天我们可能会感到被困住，渴望超越那个壳的限制。A. connected有联系的；B. required必需的；C. trapped被困住的；D. opposed反对的。后文“longing to step beyond the limits of that shell”表明渴望突破限制，说明之前是感觉被困在壳里了。故选C项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：旧的壳必须褪去，新的才能出现。A. emerge出现；B. suspend专题04 完形填空之说明文和议论文
目录 第一部分 风向速递 洞察考向，感知前沿 第二部分 分层突破 固本培优，精准提分 题型01保分基础练 说明文和议论文完形填空综合练（原创&最新模拟） 题型02重难创新练（说明文和议论文完形填空） 第三部分 真题验证 对标高考，感悟考法
1.（2026·江苏省盐城市七校联盟月考）
体裁：说明文 词数：207 话题：讲故事和记录故事的意义与方法 难度：★★★☆☆
My dad is one of the best storytellers I know. When the family 1 for my mother’s funeral in 1992, he regaled (款待) his children with 2 . I gave him a computer with word processing software and 3 convinced him to write his autobiography (自传). The family now has a story-filled book, which is meaningful because his children and grandchildren have 4 chances to get together.
Stories help us 5 to each other and to the world around us. Storytelling can also drive away the feeling of depression as we 6 . In fact, there are 7 of writing our stories down. It can recall times, and create a written history. Many researches have 8 that those who have written down some of their life stories can preserve their 9 .
What does it 10 to become a storyteller Very few 11 are needed — a pen and some paper, or, if you prefer, a computer, are the only necessary things for 12 our stories. The next 13 is sharing them — if you have a(n) 14 to get together with your families, tell them your stories. The potential topics are 15 , ranging from a favorite place or event to your family’s background.207
1．A．struggled B．lived C．searched D．gathered
2．A．presents B．books C．stories D．jokes
3．A．eventually B．completely C．obviously D．properly
4．A．fair B．limited C．ideal D．possible
5．A．connect B．compare C．insist D．devote
6．A．look B．age C．wander D．move
7．A．doubts B．views C．opinions D．benefits
8．A．heard B．agreed C．proven D．imagined
9．A．memories B．experiences C．joys D．feelings
10．A．say B．take C．offer D．have
11．A．projects B．methods C．plans D．tools
12．A．spreading B．telling C．recording D．watching
13．A．step B．lesson C．subject D．skill
14．A．opportunity B．wish C．intention D．task
15．A．simple B．endless C．attractive D．meaningful
2.（2026·河北省名校联合体一模）
体裁：说明文 词数：259 话题：“友谊长椅”谈话治疗理念 难度：★★★☆☆
Imagine this heartwarming scene. A person going through a 1 time in an underserved community can visit a friendship bench. Here, older strangers, 2 their life experience, wisdom and empathy, will act as a listening ear, engaging in gentle 3 when needed. This is the 4 talk therapy (治疗) idea of global mental health researcher, Professor Dixon Chibanda.
The Friendship Bench Zimbabwe was founded by Chibanda in 2006. At that time, mental health received 5 0.42 percent of the total healthcare budget. The project was based on years of 6 on how to deliver mental health effectively. The friendship bench 7 a wooden park bench being put in a public space, and the 8 of kind help from so-called “grandmothers” and “grandfathers” to anyone passing. The friendship bench provides safe places in the communities for people to chat together, as talk therapy can help people experiencing 9 like anxiety and depression. The model has spread to 10 countries like Malawi, the US, Jordan, and Qatar and it has helped over half a million in the past three years.
The friendship bench is the brainchild of Chibanda. He is on a mission to 11 that support from older 12 , who are rooted in their communities, can 13 the mental health treatment access gap. Seeing huge numbers of people living with feelings of depression, exhaustion, loneliness, and anxiety, Chibanda says he was 14 to develop the model after he grasped that the answers to the global mental health 15 do not lie in more diagnoses of disorders and medications.
1．A．quiet B．hard C．busy D．flexible
2．A．hiding B．enriching C．volunteering D．describing
3．A．debates B．practices C．lectures D．conversations
4．A．accessible B．expensive C．academic D．demanding
5．A．wholly B．merely C．clearly D．accurately
6．A．influence B．emphasis C．reflection D．research
7．A．separates B．occupies C．involves D．connects
8．A．offer B．promise C．decision D．chance
9．A．feelings B．alternatives C．risks D．conditions
10．A．neighbouring B．diverse C．wealthy D．developing
11．A．deny B．admit C．prove D．explain
12．A．locals B．friends C．passers-by D．lookers-on
13．A．leave B．bridge C．discover D．widen
14．A．reminded B．forced C．requested D．encouraged
15．A．education B．aid C．crisis D．failure
3.（2026·福建省福州第一中学月考）
体裁：说明文 词数：212 话题：乞力马扎罗山重现洁净 难度：★★★☆☆
Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They 1 with them lots of waste. The 2 might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers are disappearing, changing the 3 of Kilimanjaro. However, much has changed since the days of some disturbing reports. The environmental challenges are still 4 but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 5 . People now see a clean mountain.
The best of a Kilimanjaro 6 in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top. Mountains are 7 as spiritual places by many cultures. This 8 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 9 go through five ecosystems in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3,000 meters, 10 lands of low growing plants. Further up, low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I 11 twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4,000 meters is the highland 12 : gravel (砾石), stones and rocks. 13 you climb into an arctic-like zone with 14 snow and the glaciers.
Does Kilimanjaro 15 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace I found the opposite to be true.212
1．A．keep B．mix C．connect D．bring
2．A．stories B．buildings C．crowds D．reporters
3．A．position B．age C．face D．name
4．A．new B．special C．significant D．necessary
5．A．paying off B．spreading out C．blowing up D．fading away
6．A．atmosphere B．experience C．experiment D．sight
7．A．studied B．observed C．explored D．regarded
8．A．view B．quality C．reason D．purpose
9．A．scientists B．climbers C．locals D．officials
10．A．holding on to B．going back to C．living up to D．giving way to
11．A．match B．imagine C．count D．add
12．A．village B．desert C．road D．lake
13．A．Obviously B．Easily C．Consequently D．Finally
14．A．permanent B．little C．fresh D．artificial
15．A．enjoy B．deserve C．save D．acquire
4．（2026·甘肃省兰州市兰州市期中）
体裁：说明文 词数：255 话题：年社区Mirabella 难度：★★★☆☆
Opened in 2020, Mirabella is a 20-storey community at Arizona State University. Mirabella offers 1 a university pass, allowing access to classes and cultural events without the stress of exams. Electric buses transport residents across the large campus, though many remain 2 enough to ride mountain bikes.
Mirabella has four restaurants, an art studio, a pool, a gym and a games room. Only the second floor, with a memory-care centre, feels 3 . Lindsay Beagley, head of Lifelong University Engagement, notes that some couples 4 when one requires round-the-clock care.
This model is part of a growing 5 , with around 85 US colleges offering senior-living arrangements. The concept 6 in the 1980s when two college presidents wished to 7 on campus. Today, institutions from Central Florida to Stanford try to 8 older adults. Andrew Carle of Georgetown University estimates that 20,000 seniors live this way.
As baby boomers age — 10,000 turn 65 daily — demand for various, stimulating retirement options 9 . Universities, facing declining students, see a(n) 10 . Carle notes that integrating seniors can address space issues and 11 boost charity, as residents may include universities in their wills.
Bill Smith, an 80-year-old former newspaper editor, 12 Mirabella with his wife, a chemistry PhD holder. They’ve 13 both residents and students. “Being among young people is energetic,” Smith says, reflecting on discussions like one about AI and extended lifespans, where 14 participants were enthusiastic, while older ones had reservations. This intergenerational dynamic 15 both students and seniors, creating a great community.
1．A．athletes B．seniors C．teenagers D．businessmen
2．A．traditional B．open-minded C．active D．courageous
3．A．natural B．critical C．social D．institutional
4．A．combine B．part C．discuss D．leave
5．A．market B．idea C．trend D．invention
6．A．began B．remained C．changed D．faded
7．A．work B．lecture C．succeed D．retire
8．A．satisfy B．shelter C．fool D．employ
9．A．decreases B．disappears C．exits D．grows
10．A．honour B．disadvantage C．opportunity D．trouble
11．A．potentially B．initially C．slightly D．temporarily
12．A．looked into B．set up C．moved to D．commented on
13．A．cheated B．helped C．befriended D．outweighed
14．A．smarter B．younger C．older D．greater
15．A．enriches B．challenges C．beats D．astonishes
5．（2026·广东省广州市南沙区教学质量检测）
体裁：议论文 词数：255 话题：食物的特殊意义 难度：★★★☆☆
Food has a special way of connecting people. As José Andres said, it brings back memories, unites people, and 1 us to faraway places. My mom’s 2 cooking in Illinois, a French sandwich from a street stand in Italy, and a grilled hot dog at the Grand Canyon with my family all hold precious 3 . These moments 4 us that food is more than sustenance — it’s a bridge between hearts, histories, and shared experiences that linger long after the meal ends.
Trying different foods is like 5 new cultures. Sharing meals helps us understand others better. Every bite gives us a deep 6 of the local community, whether it’s the spices of a Moroccan tagine or the simplicity of a Japanese tea ceremony. That’s why we made a guide to the best 7 in each state from Alaska’s salmon salad rooted in Indigenous traditions to Wyoming’s bison burgers celebrating frontier heritage.
We also share a chef’s story of mastering all the recipes her mentor (导师) 8 with her and customers’ tips on the 9 that transformed her cooking. These tales feel like 10 wisdom from a kitchen companion — simple, heartfelt, and deeply warm.
As Anthony Bourdain said, food might not fix everything, but it’s a 11 start. Let’s begin by 12 new tastes. Whether at home or 13 , food connects us uniquely. So 14 a napkin and enjoy every meal, which is a unique chance to 15 — whether through flavors, stories, or the quiet joy of a shared table.
1．A．transports B．invites C．restricts D．returns
2．A．terrible B．fast C．homemade D．restaurant
3．A．pain B．memories C．secrets D．dreams
4．A．warn B．inform C．amuse D．remind
5．A．avoiding B．creating C．exploring D．leaving
6．A．doubt B．fear C．understanding D．solution
7．A．book B．food C．drink D．salad
8．A．hid B．bought C．forgot D．shared
9．A．novels B．dishes C．workouts D．hobbies
10．A．flavorful B．useless C．confusing D．technical
11．A．good B．tiny C．bad D．wrong
12．A．refusing B．forgetting C．disliking D．seeking
13．A．late B．upstairs C．above D．abroad
14．A．grab B．lose C．wash D．burn
15．A．imagine B．regret C．experience D．wait
说明文和议论文完形填空综合练
1.（2026·贵州省贵阳市七校联考联合考试（一））
体裁：说明文 词数：257 话题：“农场到学校”运动 难度：★★★☆☆
On a hot summer morning in Colorado, Derrick Hoffman was 1 examining a row of cherry tomato plants. He and his team were looking for the 2 tomatoes. The timing was important — these tomatoes had to match the school lunch schedule. Once 3 , they would be sent to the Greeley Evans School District food services warehouse just five miles away.
Hoffman runs a 100-acre farm, where he grows a(n) 4 of vegetables like peppers, eggplants and broccoli. This fall, his produce will be 5 in the cafeterias of local schools. He is part of the growing Farm to School movement that is improving the 6 of school lunches.
When Farm to School programming works as designed, kids fill their 7 with fresh, nutritious food, and local farm economies get a major 8 , creating a more stable regional food supply chain. 9 call it a “triple win” — benefiting kids, farmers, and schools.
However, it is not always easy to make this idea 10 . Many schools struggle to purchase, store, and prepare fresh, local food. 11 harvest schedules with school menus, ensuring food safety, and training cafeteria workers all 12 time, money, and people working well together. Despite these challenges, the movement is making 13 . By 2019, over 60,000 schools had 14 Farm to School programs.
For farmers like Hoffman, the Farm to School program is more than a business 15 — it’s a way to connect with the next generation, build healthier communities, and plant the seeds for a more sustainable future.257
1．A．calmly B．carefully C．quickly D．casually
2．A．softest B．roundest C．biggest D．ripest
3．A．picked B．planted C．watered D．stored
4．A．kind B．amount C．variety D．group
5．A．served B．displayed C．sorted D．packed
6．A．style B．taste C．quality D．appearance
7．A．boxes B．bags C．hands D．plates
8．A．label B．boost C．discount D．update
9．A．Teachers B．Opponents C．Visitors D．Advocates
10．A．change B．work C．break D．stop
11．A．Matching B．Following C．Comparing D．Choosing
12．A．increase B．divide C．require D．save
13．A．sense B．power C．contact D．progress
14．A．responded to B．participated in C．taken over D．focused on
15．A．case B．practice C．solution D．opportunity
2.（2026·甘肃省天水市麦积区月考）
体裁：说明文 词数：233 话题：李子柒为非遗传承与发展助力 难度：★★★☆☆
The Spring Festival Gala of China Media Group 1 the curtain on the evening of January 28th, 2025. Li Ziqi, a well-known short-video creator in the field of traditional culture, 2 onto the Spring Festival Gala stage for the first time. She brought a big 3 to the audience with 13 intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) skills, celebrating the first Spring Festival after the successful inscription of related cultural heritages. In the opening visual show, Li Ziqi 4 in a beautiful long dress. As she gracefully 5 her hands, a pair of huge and stunning butterfly wings, which 6 Weifang kite and Zhijin techniques, slowly unfolded. Bionic butterflies, as if they were alive, 7 from a distance and fluttered around her. This scene 8 an innovative opening show that combined a sense of technology with the elegance (优雅) of Eastern aesthetics.
The stage design 9 butterfly elements, which served as a perfect 10 to display 13 intangible 11 heritage skills, like plant dyeing (染), Qingshen bamboo weaving, mother-of-pearl inlay (镶嵌), Chengdu lacquer (漆) art, Qiang embroidery (羌绣), and Yingshan flower-twining. Through the 12 of beautiful colors and creative designs, the beauty of traditional culture was vividly 13 . Li Ziqi’s performance on the Spring Festival Gala is not only a 14 of traditional culture but also a strong 15 for the inheritance and development of intangible cultural heritage.
1．A．lifted B．dropped C．raised D．closed
2．A．jumped B．stepped C．climbed D．flew
3．A．gift B．honor C．surprise D．dream
4．A．lay B．hid C．sat D．appeared
5．A．waved B．raised C．shook D．spread
6．A．removed B．separated C．combined D．destroyed
7．A．ran B．flew C．swam D．walked
8．A．copied B．created C．followed D．missed
9．A．included B．added C．ignored D．excluded
10．A．result B．reason C．background D．problem
11．A．article B．cultural C．historical D．natural
12．A．combination B．balance C．comparison D．change
13．A．covered B．forgotten C．hidden D．interpreted
14．A．symbol B．memory C．display D．protection
15．A．encouragement B．warning C．request D．question
3.（2026·宁夏银川一中月考）
体裁：说明文 词数：254 话题：跳舞缓解学业压力并提升科研效率 难度：★★★☆☆
In the thick of (在……繁忙时) graduate studies at the University of Chicago, Constanza Rodriguez remembers feeling burnt-out. “Nothing was working in the lab, and I was very 1 ,” Rodriguez says. That’s when she decided to 2 the school’s Ballroom and Latin Dance Association. Soon, she found herself 3 nine or more hours a week, 4 making moves on three-inch heels (高跟鞋). Dancing took hours away from her research, and yet Rodriguez, who’s now a neurobiologist at the University of Alabama, quickly 5 that it was making her a better researcher. “The time I did spend in the lab was so much more 6 ; I could feel myself thinking 7 and remembering things better.”
Her experience confirmed an increasing number of research findings about the 8 of the brain: Molecules (分子) produced by muscles in 9 can improve the structure and condition of the brain. Scientists used to think that the brain 10 the body, while the body worked passively by sending signals of 11 back to the brain, which was always in charge like a ruler.
However, research in the last few years has 12 that belief. More studies have suggested that exercise has significant effects on the brain, including 13 the brain’s capacity to regenerate neurons (神经元) and improving neuron-to-neuron communication. “The emerging data really show that the brain is not this one-way organ that dominates the 14 of the body,” says muscle researcher Christoph Handschin. “ 15 , there’s a complex interaction between these systems.”
1．A．frightened B．stressed C．embarrassed D．confused
2．A．join B．organize C．investigate D．interview
3．A．driving B．suffering C．practicing D．teaching
4．A．nervously B．painfully C．fortunately D．cheerfully
5．A．imagined B．realized C．remembered D．predicted
6．A．efficient B．flexible C．appropriate D．accurate
7．A．honestly B．personally C．creatively D．sympathetically
8．A．safety B．health C．size D．problem
9．A．anxiety B．relief C．harmony D．motion
10．A．examined B．controlled C．followed D．ignored
11．A．sensation B．awareness C．emotion D．preference
12．A．accepted B．restated C．emphasized D．shaken
13．A．reflecting B．evaluating C．increasing D．restricting
14．A．weight B．recovery C．rest D．structure
15．A．Otherwise B．Besides C．Therefore D．Rather
4.（2026·安徽省合肥市庐阳区合肥市第八中学）
体裁：议论文 词数：245 话题：自我成长 难度：★★★☆☆
Sometimes a part of us must die before another part can come to life. This is a natural and necessary stage of our 1 , yet it can be painful or 2 if we don’t realize what’s happening. Actually, confusion is often the indication telling us a(n) 3 is happening within us. All humans go through many transitions — from childhood to adulthood — each requiring us to 4 an old version of ourselves.
With every shift from one stage to another, we must say 5 to the identity we once shaped. Sometimes, these identities are built in relationships or jobs, and when we change, those areas of our life become 6 . For example, we might spend years building a protective shell to 7 ourselves. However, one day we may feel 8 , longing to step beyond the limits of that shell. The old shell must fade for the new to 9 .
We may feel a strange 10 of excitement and sadness as we let go of what’s dying and make 11 for a fresh identity come out in its place. Like a snake shedding skin to make room for new growth, we too must release the 12 . Keeping symbols of change, like a snake’s skin, can 13 us that rebirth is natural.
By accepting this process — letting go of our past self with gratitude and 14 the new with an open mind — we prepare for life’s next 15 .245
1．A．growth B．escape C．history D．evolution
2．A．moving B．disappointing C．tiring D．puzzling
3．A．idea B．change C．inspiration D．notice
4．A．leave behind B．leave out C．let alone D．let out
5．A．hello B．thanks C．goodbye D．sorry
6．A．hurt B．influenced C．ignored D．deserted
7．A．support B．aid C．establish D．defend
8．A．connected B．required C．trapped D．opposed
9．A．emerge B．suspend C．occupy D．pose
10．A．urge B．relief C．need D．mixture
11．A．time B．way C．sense D．peace
12．A．past B．tension C．future D．energy
13．A．convince B．warn C．remind D．recall
14．A．hoping B．revealing C．welcoming D．suspecting
15．A．youth B．wonder C．harvest D．chapter
5.（2026·云南省昆明市第一中学联考）
体裁：议论文 词数：223 话题：感悟真正富足 难度：★★★☆☆
The two famous authors, Kurt Vonnegut and Joseph Heller, were invited to a party thrown by a billionaire (亿万富翁). As the host showed off his 1 house to all the guests he had invited and proudly 2 the rare works of art he had collected, Vonnegut 3 that the host had probably earned more 4 in a single day than Heller had earned from his most popular novel over its entire history. Heller 5 back and said, “Yes, he probably has, but I have something he will never have — 6 .”
Our society constantly 7 the idea that we never have enough. Every day, we are flooded with 8 urging us to spend not only what we have, but also what we don’t have, in order to acquire more and more 9 .
However, what we should do is to 10 what we already have and to open our hearts to it. When our stomachs are satisfied with a simple 11 , we already possess what we need. When we are clothed warmly against the 12 , we are sufficiently provided for. When we have a 13 to protect us from storms and wind, we are 14 guarded. And when we are surrounded by those we love — and who love us 15 — then we are truly rich beyond measure.223
1．A．modest B．tidy C．grand D．plain
2．A．gifted B．arranged C．inspected D．displayed
3．A．confirmed B．joked C．insisted D．advocated
4．A．wealth B．respect C．fame D．credit
5．A．drew B．fought C．talked D．smiled
6．A．talent B．taste C．enough D．forever
7．A．adjusts B．advertises C．judges D．abandons
8．A．messages B．warnings C．excuses. D．instructions
9．A．experiences B．memories C．possessions D．directions
10．A．sort B．ignore C．doubt D．treasure
11．A．meal B．service C．order D．break
12．A．shyness B．coldness C．weakness D．darkness
13．A．shelter B．blanket C．destination D．community
14．A．narrowly B．secretly C．regularly D．properly
15．A．in vain B．by chance C．in return D．by turns
Passage 1（说明文完形填空语篇练）
（2026·福建省厦门双十中学开学）
体裁：说明文 词数：255 话题：孩子参与学校“精神周”活动的研究 难度：★★★☆☆
Every year, my children participate in their school’s Spirit Week. Each day has a certain 1 : Monday is Pajama Day, Tuesday is crazy Hair Day, and Wednesday is Dress as Your Favorite Fictional Character Day. On Monday, my kids are overflowing with excitement about 2 their costumes. On Tuesday, the 3 is lower, but they are still willing to try. By Thursday, they will no longer be bothered.
What is engaging on Monday becomes 4 by Friday. It’s natural 5 our brains have a basic feature that governs every nerve cell, called habituation, which is our tendency to respond less and less to the same 6 . For example, you enter a bakery, and after about 20 minutes, you no longer 7 the smell of fresh dessert. Just as you’ve got used to the smell of baked goods, you also get used to the 8 of going to school in costume.
So, even the sparkle of exciting events 9 after a while. But there’s a way to make the good stuff “resparkle”: 10 the good experiences into bits. For example, think of a song you like. Do you think you would enjoy a song more if you listened to it 11 or with short interruptions When surveyed, most people said they would 12 interruptions. Yet, research has found people appreciate a song more with 13 . The initial joys will last longer since interruptions 14 habituation. From this perspective, schools should have five “spirit days” scattered throughout the year 15 having a “spirit week”.255
1．A．opportunity B．challenge C．theme D．dilemma
2．A．picking out B．storing up C．searching for D．making up
3．A．regret B．standard C．enthusiasm D．pride
4．A．essential B．available C．tricky D．boring
5．A．if B．because C．unless D．so
6．A．delivery B．knowledge C．stimulation D．illustration
7．A．notice B．mind C．preserve D．adjust
8．A．approach B．relief C．issue D．thrill
9．A．returns B．spreads C．fades D．waves
10．A．engage B．divide C．recall D．mix
11．A．continuously B．randomly C．immediately D．rarely
12．A．welcome B．clarify C．record D．avoid
13．A．backgrounds B．popularity C．breaks D．significance
14．A．reduce B．promote C．deepen D．predict
15．A．regardless of B．instead of C．owing to D．thanks to
Passage 2（说明文完形填空语篇练）
（2026·湖南省长沙市雨花区雅礼中学月考）
体裁：说明文 词数：272 话题：拥抱毛绒玩具来帮助入睡的经历 难度：★★★☆☆
To Dreamland With Stuffed Animals
I always envy people who can slip right into sleep. Bedtime is 1 calm for me. Just when I wish I could 2 asleep, I find myself up against anxious thoughts.
I 3 the habit of hugging stuffed animals right after the pandemic, when I grabbed a childhood bear to 4 bad news and fear. It was the perfect pacifier (安抚奶嘴) to hold in my 5 adult arms. Since I rediscovered that bear, I have 6 my childhood favorites in turn.
Studies pointed out stuffed animals can be “transitional objects”, which can provide comfort for adults under 7 panies have noted adults’ childlike 8 and are integrating them into sleeping products.
People love stuffed animals because they're cozy and personified enough to provide 9 comfort and a great way to self-soothe (自我安抚). A researcher explains that self-soothing reduces “cognitive arousal (认知唤醒)”, the type of active thinking that 10 a person's waking hours. 11 , hugging is associated with stress relief. Studies found that 12 a huggable device lowered stress hormones (激素). Maybe that's why I reached for the bear during a stressful time.
Performing this routine has helped 13 the body into a restful state. In my case, putting down my book or phone and picking up my stuffed animal creates a(n) 14 between sleep and other disturbing activities.
I can't end with a specific stuffed animal to recommend, but I can extend to you my invitation to 15 in some childlike comfort. Whichever one you choose, you might also reintroduce a bit of joy, gentleness, and comfort to your nightly routine.
1．A．sometimes B．rarely C．often D．usually
2．A．come B．go C．fall D．get
3．A．regained B．broke C．forgot D．ignored
4．A．bounce off B．make up C．ward off D．put up
5．A．strong B．mature C．warm D．anxious
6．A．switched B．bargained C．created D．featured
7．A．relieved B．reduced C．boomed D．increased
8．A．memories B．tendencies C．communications D．medications
9．A．impersonal B．economical C．political D．social
10．A．decreases B．expands C．dominates D．enriches
11．A．In addition B．However C．Then D．Therefore
12．A．trying out B．taking care of C．being familiar with D．interacting with
13．A．translate B．transition C．transport D．transfer
14．A．connection B．habit C．boundary D．example
15．A．indulge B．cut C．intervene D．push
Passage 3（说明文完形填空语篇练）
（2026·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第六中学校月考）
体裁：说明文 词数：276 话题：开学综合症 难度：★★★☆☆
The shift from holiday relaxation to academic life often triggers “school-opening syndrome” (开学综合征), a temporary adjustment disorder affecting many students at term start. Unlike serious mental issues, it shows mild but 1 symptoms that fade in 2 — 3 weeks.
Emotionally, students with this syndrome often feel anxious, irritable (易怒的), or helpless when 2 with upcoming academic demands. Some lose interest in once-loved school activities. Behaviorally, irregular holiday schedules cause 3 sleep cycles — many struggle to sleep or wake up on time, leading to morning class tardiness (上课迟到). When doing homework, they get distracted easily, 4 study efficiency sharply. Physically, headaches or loss of appetite are common, but medical checks find no 5 organic (器官的) causes.
Three key factors contribute to this syndrome. First, the abrupt change from a 6 holiday (unstructured time, low pressure) to a strict school environment shocks students. Second, expecting tough courses or exams causes 7 stress, especially for high-expectation students. Third, interpersonal troubles — like transferring schools or classmate conflicts — intensify 8 and unease. Also, parental over-supervision (监督) or excessive focus on grades may 9 students’ resistance and anxiety.
To ease this syndrome, joint efforts matter. Students should 10 daily routines 1 — 2 weeks early, such as advancing bedtime and reviewing basics. Parents should support rather than criticize, and talk openly with children. Teachers can 11 initial workload, focusing on review and ice-breaking activities. Schools may offer counseling for students with 12 symptoms. Moreover, learning time-management and setting realistic goals helps students regain 13 over studies. With consistent efforts, most students can 14 this transition (转变) smoothly and 15 their full potential.
1．A．persistent B．temporary C．severe D．invisible
2．A．compared B．faced C．combined D．filled
3．A．disturbed B．regular C．flexible D．stable
4．A．improving B．maintaining C．reducing D．measuring
5．A．obvious B．subtle C．complex D．common
6．A．disciplined B．confused C．structured D．relaxed
7．A．moderate B．overwhelming C．minimal D．occasional
8．A．belonging B．isolation C．excitement D．curiosity
9．A．ease B．relieve C．increase D．ignore
10．A．adjust B．abandon C．follow D．create
11．A．increase B．lighten C．complete D．assign
12．A．mild B．occasional C．continuing D．minor
13．A．control B．doubt C．anxiety D．confusion
14．A．go through B．look into C．break down D．put off
15．A．realize B．change C．discover D．limit
Passage 4（议论文完形填空语篇练）
（2026·山西省晋中市质量检测）
体裁：议论文 词数：218 话题：头脑风暴会议在激发集体智慧方面的局限性 难度：★★★☆☆
When we encounter a problem, we often gather a group to brainstorm, with the hope to maximize collective intelligence. However, many good ideas are lost while few are 1 at such kind of meetings.
In an interview, psychologist Anita Woolley explained why this 2 does not work. “The 3 isn’t the brainstorming sessions themselves. It’s how we 4 them,” said Anita Woolley. “Think about the brainstorming sessions you’ve attended. You’ve probably seen people 5 their tongues because many of them don’t want to look stupid or they are under pressure to follow the most 6 people.”
To 7 the hidden potential in teams, instead of brainstorming, Woolley recommended a process called brainwriting. It starts by asking everyone to generate ideas 8 . Then the organizer 9 the ideas among the group without mentioning who have written them. To preserve independent judgment, each member 10 them on their own. Only then does the team come together to 11 the most promising options.
“Collective intelligence begins with individual creativity,” Woolley added. “The brainwriting process makes sure that all ideas are brought to the table and all 12 are brought into the conversation.”
But it shouldn’t 13 there. Individuals come up with more 14 ideas than groups but also more terrible ideas than groups. It takes collective intelligence to 15 them.
1．A．tested B．gained C．discouraged D．lost
2．A．plan B．machine C．program D．method
3．A．problem B．interest C．cost D．solution
4．A．see B．avoid C．run D．forget
5．A．bite B．brush C．check D．hurt
6．A．humorous B．powerful C．attractive D．responsible
7．A．ignore B．assess C．unearth D．prove
8．A．fluently B．bravely C．carefully D．separately
9．A．stops B．shares C．criticizes D．accepts
10．A．evaluates B．interviews C．welcomes D．thanks
11．A．refer to B．make up C．adapt to D．focus on
12．A．friends B．mistakes C．voices D．women
13．A．go B．end C．meet D．admit
14．A．funny B．formal C．realistic D．brilliant
15．A．identify B．sign C．defeat D．blame
Passage 5（议论文完形填空语篇练）
（2026·河北省部分省级示范性高中阶段性测试）
体裁：议论文 词数：215 话题：文学的作用 难度：★★★☆☆
Imagine you are on a desert island for the rest of your days. What one book would you most 1 to have with you Much more often than not, people 2 a great work of literature to keep them company for their 3 lives there.
Then, what is literature The answer is found by 4 at literature itself. For example, consider the very first 5 works we come into contact with over the 6 of our lives — children’s literature. Most of us 7 the first steps into the world of reading in the 8 : someone we love reads to us in bed. So begins the lifelong journey through all 9 pages that lie ahead. As we grow up, the practice of reading for pleasure — which 10 means reading literature — stays with us. Explaining to young children the politics or the history would be 11 . Literature, with its ability to communicate to all ages, can help.
12 we read well, we will find ourselves in a dialogue 13 the most creative minds of our own time and of the past. It enriches (丰富) life in 14 that nothing else quite can. It makes us more 15 . The better we learn to read literature, the better it will do that.215
1．A．want B．ask C．allow D．require
2．A．provide B．choose C．discover D．follow
3．A．dangerous B．happy C．lonely D．colourful
4．A．looking B．working C．arriving D．pointing
5．A．developed B．printed C．designed D．reported
6．A．pattern B．course C．event D．condition
7．A．count B．pave C．watch D．take
8．A．bookstore B．classroom C．bedroom D．library
9．A．this B．these C．that D．those
10．A．typically B．perfectly C．expectedly D．similarly
11．A．convenient B．common C．private D．difficult
12．A．Though B．Since C．If D．Unless
13．A．for B．beyond C．with D．into
14．A．cases B．ways C．positions D．shapes
15．A．classical B．standard C．personal D．human
说明文和议论文完形填空
1.（2022年全国乙卷）
Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly exciting about ___21___ someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.
However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably ___22___ at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies ___23___ .
For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was ___24___ as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our ___25___ research results in child developmental psychology ___26___ that idea.
We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each ___27___ sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or ___28___ . We then asked the child if she could ___29___ or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same ___30___ happened when the adult covered her own mouth: ___31___ children said that they couldn’t ___32___ to her.
A number of ___33___ ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects ___34___ the questions and knew ___35___ what was asked of them. Their ___36___ to the questions reflected their true ___37___ that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply ___38___ mutual (相互的) recognition and regard. Our ___39___ suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method ___40___ when others use it.
21. A. following B. taking C. escaping D. directing
22. A. clever B. bad C. scared D. quick
23. A. exposed B. examined C. untouched D. imbalanced
24. A. supported B. guaranteed C. imagined D. interpreted
25. A. disappointing B. mixed C. surprising D. desired
26. A. explained B. confirmed C. contradicted D. tested
27. A. parent B. child C. researcher D. doctor
28. A. feet B. nose C. hands D. ears
29. A. see B. help C. reach D. fool
30. A. event B. thing C. action D. accident
31. A. Yet B. Now C. Soon D. Once
32. A. speak B. listen C. turn D. wave
33. A. instructions B. descriptions C. experiments D. assumptions
34. A. comprehended B. predicted C. explored D. ignored
35. A. partly B. honestly C. vaguely D. exactly
36. A. responses B. approaches C. contribution D. sensitivity
37. A. ability B. belief C. identity D. purpose
38. A. hold back B. relate to C. insist on D. make up
39. A. limitations B. requirements C. theories D. findings
40. A. tentative B. impressive C. creative D. effective
2.（2022年浙江卷6月）
Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they ___16___ it. “Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He throws his arms and legs out ___17___ he were flying, his eyes wide with ___18___. His trust in me is ___19___ which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of ___20___ .
I hope Jacky will always trust me fully, but I know that, as he gets ___21___ , it will need more effort and sound judgment____22____ . Trust is such an important part of a ___23___ relationship that it’s something that can’t ___24___ to lose. Every time I ___25___ Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he trusts me and feels ___26___ in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt .___27___ , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to ___28___ that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down.
___29___ in the workplace, trust is important for strong ___30___ . It is something that every manager should work hard to ___31___ among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to ___32___ your directions and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A ___33___ of trust can make people work against you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be ___34___ you their best. Good ___35___, like good parenting, is a long-term commitment.
16. A. deserve B. miss C. love D. know
17. A. as if B. in case C. even though D. so that
18. A. fear B. excitement C. doubt D. astonishment
19. A. reasonable B. limited C. absolute D. important
20. A. relief B. satisfaction C. achievement D. responsibility
21. A. older B. busier C. quieter D. healthier
22. A. on my behalf B. on my part C. in my honor D. in my name
23. A. long-distance B. high-risk C. parent-child D. teacher-student
24. A. afford B. choose C. wait D. expect
25. A. attach B. compare C. adjust D. introduce
26. A. safe B. happy C. proud D. grateful
27. A. Above all B. In addition C. At first D. For example
28. A. admit B. believe C. suggest D. imagine
29. A. However B. Therefore C. Similarly D. Fortunately
30. A. affection B. determination C. friendship D. leadership
31. A. assess B. organize C. develop D. understand
32. A. repeat B. follow C. change D. forget
33. A. gesture B. measure C. bond D. lack
34. A. telling B. giving C. selling D. sending
35. A. management B. personality C. communication D. education
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