【学霸速记巧练】人教版八年级英语下册Unit 5 Nature's Temper知识清单(原卷版+解析版)

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【学霸速记巧练】人教版八年级英语下册Unit 5 Nature's Temper知识清单(原卷版+解析版)

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/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
Unit 5 Nature's Temper
重点单词
1.脾气;怒气________
2.地震________
3.台风________
4.野火________
5.暴风雪________
6.洪水;水灾________
7.旱灾;干旱________
8.警告;提醒________
9.摇动;震动________
10.(灾难等)侵袭;爆发________
11.睡着的________
12.在很大程度上;大量地________
13.突然(的)________
14.窗;窗户________
15.落下;掉下________
16.部件;碎片________
17.速度________
18.火柴________
19.补给(品);供应________
20.准备(工作);预备________
21.电力供应;能量;力量________
22.(睡觉)酣畅地;可靠地________
23.厚的;浓密的________
24.敲;打________
25.躲藏;隐蔽________
26.龙卷风;旋风________
27.最坏(的);最糟(的)________
28.(学校的)女生________
29.泡;泡沫________
30.不幸地;可惜地________
31.打雷;发出雷鸣般响声________
32.通常的;寻常的________
33.暴风雨________
34.不幸的;不吉利的________
重点单词参考答案
1.temper 2.earthquake 3.typhoon 4.wildfire 5.snowstorm 6.flood 7.drought 8.warn 9.shake 10.strike 11.asleep 12.heavily 13.sudden 14.window 15.drop 16.piece 17.speed 18.match 19.supply 20.preparation 21.power 22.soundly 23.thick 24.beat 25.hide 26.tornado 27.worst 28.schoolgirl 29.froth 30.unfortunately 31.thunder 32.usual 33.rainstorm 34.unlucky
重点短语
35.(闹钟)发出响声 ________
36.入睡;睡着 ________
37.逐渐变弱;逐渐消失 ________
38.前往;费力地前进 ________
39.保持沉默 ________
40.敲打;撞击 ________
41.听说 ________
42.摔倒;跌倒 ________
43.吹倒;刮倒 ________
44.起初;起先 ________
45.逃离;从……出来 ________
46.一片混乱 ________
47.捡起;接电话 ________
48.突然;忽然 ________
49.看一看 ________
50.事实上;实际上 ________
51.面对;面临 ________
52.幸亏;由于 ________
53.为……做准备 ________
54.沉默地;无声地 ________
重点短语参考答案
35.go off 36.fall asleep 37.die down 38.make one’s way 39.keep silent 40.beat against 41.hear of 42.fall over 43.blow down 44.at first 45.get out of 46.in a mess 47.pick up 48.all of a sudden 49.have a look 50.in fact 51.in the face of 52.thanks to 53.prepare for 54.in silence
三、重点句型
55.两周前,她的地理老师曾经解释过,海底的地震可能会产生被称为海啸的危险波浪!
________________________________________________
56.他立即行动起来,赶紧去催促人们离开海滩。
________________________________________________
57.到我完成作业时,爸爸已经酣睡了。
________________________________________________
58.到8月末的时候,他们想方设法扑灭了所有的野火。
________________________________________________
59.她打电话时,我们一家正在吃晚饭。我们没有注意到水在上涨!
________________________________________________________________________________
60.台风严重地影响了我们的生活,我没有想到这是那么的强烈。
________________________________________________________________________________
61.台风随着向西移动正在减弱。
________________________________________________________________________________
62.下倾盆大雨的时候,我正在酣睡。
________________________________________________________________________________
63.这场龙卷风把大家紧密地团结在一起。
_______________________________________________________________________________
重点句型参考答案
55.Two weeks before, her geography teacher had explained that earthquakes under the sea could create dangerous waves called tsunamis!
56.He jumped into action right away and rushed to get people off the beach.
57.By the time I finished my homework, my father had slept soundly.
58.By the end of August, they managed to put out all the fires.
59.My family were having dinner when she called. We didn’t notice that the water was rising!
60.The typhoon affected our life seriously. I didn’t think it would be that strong.
61.The typhoon is slowing down as it moves west.
62.I was sleeping soundly when it rained cats and dogs.
63.The tornado brought everyone closer together.
语法点
过去进行时
表示在过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作。常与then、at this time yesterday、at that time 以及when、while、just as引导的时间状语从句等连用。本单元重点讲解包含when或while引导的时间状语从句的过去进行时态。
1. 过去进行时的基本句式
句式 构成
肯定句 主语+was/were+动词-ing形式+其他.
否定句 主语+was/were+not+动词-ing形式+其他.
一般疑问句 Was/Were+主语+动词-ing形式+其他
肯定回答 Yes,主语+was/were.
否定回答 No,主语+wasn't/weren't.
特殊疑问句 疑问词+was/were+主语+动词-ing形式+其他
例如:
The girl was shopping when I saw her.
我看见那个女孩的时候她正在购物。
He was not working at that time.
那时他没在工作。
—Was he playing basketball then
—Yes, he was./—No, he wasn’t.
——那个时候他在打篮球吗
——是的,他在打篮球。/——不,他没在打篮球。
—What were you doing at nine last Sunday morning
—I was sleeping.
——上周日上午九点你在做什么
——我在睡觉。
2. when和while在过去进行时态中的用法
表示过去某个动作发生时,另一个动作正在进行 与when引导的时间状语从句连用(主句用过去进行时,从句用一般过去时)
与while引导的时间状语从句连用(主句用一般过去时,从句用过去进行时)
表示过去某两个延续性动作同时进行 多与while引导的时间状语从句连用(主句和从句都用过去进行时)
例如:
She was playing the piano when Mary left.
当玛丽离开时她正在弹钢琴。
He broke a vase while he was doing housework.
他做家务时打碎了一个花瓶。
While my brother was watching TV, I was doing my homework.
我弟弟看电视时,我正在做作业。
语法专练
1.—What ________ you ________ when the alarm rang —I was taking a shower.
A.did; do B.were; doing C.are; doing
2.When I got home, my mother ________ already ________ asleep.
A.has; fallen B.had; fallen C.was; falling
3.—I was doing my homework when the power went out. —__________
A.So did I. B.So was I. C.Neither was I.
4.We were driving home ________ the strong winds started.
A.while B.when C.during
5.I was travelling on the train ________ the storm hit.
A.while B.when C.during
6.What were you doing ________ it was snowing heavily
A.while B.when C.during
7.It was raining hard ________ we were driving back.
A.while B.when C.during
8.________ my neighbour called, my family were having dinner.
A.While B.When C.During
9.I did my homework ________ the typhoon landed on the coast.
A.while B.when C.during
10.The power went out ________ my father and I made dinner.
A.while B.when C.during
11.Kate was writing a letter ________ her brother called to warn her.
A.while B.when C.during
12.My parents packed the supplies ________ I moved our things off the floor.
A.while B.until C.during
13.—What were you doing ________ the storm happened
—I ________ home.
A.while; drove B.when; drove C.when; was driving
14.At this time yesterday, I ________ a science exam here.
A.take B.was taking C.am taking
15.—Why didn’t you open the door for me, Jim
—I ________ clothes in the bathroom. I didn’t hear the knock.
A.was washing B.have washed C.washed
16.—Why didn’t you open the door for me, Jim
—I ________ clothes in the bathroom. I didn’t hear the knock.
A.was washing B.washed C.am washing
17.While the woman ________, the accident happened.
A.drove B.is driving C.was driving
18.When Jack saw his mother coming in, he ________ his smart phone under the bed.
A.passed B.hid C.folded
19.At this time yesterday, I ________ a science exam here.
A.take B.was taking C.will take
20.I ________ about my sister when my phone rang. It was just her!
A.think B.will think C.was thinking
参考答案
1.B
【详解】句意:——闹钟响的时候你在做什么?——我正在洗淋浴。
did; do一般过去时;were; doing过去进行时;are; doing现在进行时。根据“when the alarm rang”可知动作发生在过去某一时刻,且答语“I was taking a shower”为过去进行时,表示过去正在进行的动作,问句也应用过去进行时,结构为“were/was + doing”。主语是you,be动词用were。应填were; doing。
2.B
【详解】句意:当我到家时,我妈妈已经睡着了。
根据“When I got home”可知,时间基准点为过去。由“already”可知,妈妈睡着的动作发生在到家之前,属于“过去的过去”,需用过去完成时。过去完成时的结构为had+过去分词。fall的过去分词为fallen。
3.B
【详解】句意:——停电的时候我正在写作业。——我也是。
上句时态为过去进行时,含be动词was,且为肯定句。表示“某人也是如此”应用“So + be动词/助动词 + 主语”倒装结构,此处应为“So was I”。A项助动词did不匹配;C项Neither用于否定情况,不符合题意。
4.B
【详解】句意:我们正在开车回家,这时突然刮起了大风。
考查连词辨析。while当……时,强调同时进行;when当……时,可表示“正在这时突然”;during在……期间,介词,后接名词。根据句意,前半句是过去进行时,表示“正在开车回家”,后半句是过去时,表示“大风突然开始”,此处强调一个动作正在进行时另一个动作突然发生,应用when表示“正在这时”。故选B。
5.B
【详解】句意:暴风雨袭来时,我正在火车上旅行。
考查连词辨析。while当……时,强调两个动作同时进行;when当……时,强调某个时间点或瞬间;during在……期间,后接名词或名词短语,根据“was travelling”可知,本句主句为过去进行时,由hit可知从句为短暂性动作,表示“在某个瞬间发生时,另一动作正在进行”,应使用when引导时间状语从句。故选B。
6.A
【详解】句意:雪下得正大的时候你在做什么?
考查连词辨析。while当……时,强调主句动作在从句动作持续的过程中发生,从句常用延续性动词或进行时;when当……时,可表示时间点或时间段;during在……期间,介词,后接名词短语。从句“it was snowing heavily”是过去进行时,表示一个持续的动作,应用“while”引导。故选A。
7.A
【详解】句意:我们开车回来的时候,雨下得很大。
考查连词辨析。while当……时候,引导的从句常用进行时,强调主句和从句的动作同时发生;when当……时候,引导的从句常用一般过去时;during在……期间,后面不能接句子。根据“we were driving back”是过去进行时,且强调雨下大和开车回来这两个动作同时发生,因此用while。故选A。
8.B
【详解】句意:当我的邻居打电话时,我们一家人正在吃晚饭。
考查连词辨析。While当……时候(强调一段时间);When当……时候(可接时间点或时间段);During在……期间(介词,后接名词,不接句子)。根据句意,从句“my neighbour called”是一个短暂动作,主句“my family were having dinner”是正在进行的动作,需用连词连接两个句子,且强调短暂动作发生时另一动作正在进行,when可表示“当……时”,符合语境。故选B。
9.B
【详解】句意:当台风在海岸登陆时,我正在做作业。
考查连词辨析。while当……时,强调同时进行;when当……时,可表示瞬间动作或时间段;during在……期间,介词,后接名词,不能接句子。空格后是完整句子“the typhoon landed on the coast”,且“landed”为瞬间动作,需用连词when连接。故选B。
10.B
【详解】句意:我和爸爸做晚饭的时候停电了。
考查连词辨析。while当……时候(从句常用进行时);when当……时候(从句可用短暂性动词);during在……期间(后接名词/代词)。空格后是完整句子“my father and I made dinner”,需用连词,排除C;主句“The power went out”表示短暂性动作,从句“made dinner”表示持续性动作,when可同时搭配短暂性和持续性动作,while通常强调两个持续性动作同时进行,此处主句为短暂动作,用when更合适。故选B。
11.B
【详解】句意:凯特正在写信时,她哥哥打电话来警告她。
考查连词辨析。while当……时(强调两个动作同时进行,通常接延续性动词);when当……时(可接瞬间动词或延续性动词,强调某个时间点或时间段);during在……期间(是介词,后接名词或名词短语)。根据“Kate was writing a letter...her brother called to warn her.”可知,句子表示正在做某事时突然发生另一件事,when符合语境。故选B。
12.A
【详解】句意:在我把东西从地板上移开时,我的父母打包了物资。
考查连词辨析。while当……时,强调两个动作同时进行;until直到;during在……期间,介词,后接名词或短语。根据句子结构,空格后是一个完整的句子“I moved our things off the floor”,因此需要连词连接两个句子,而during是介词,不能引导句子,故排除C。while强调两个持续性动作同时进行,符合句意“父母打包”和“我移开东西”两个动作同时发生。故选A。
13.C
【详解】句意:——暴风雨发生时你在做什么?——我当时正开车回家。
考查连词与时态辨析。while当……时候(后接延续性动词);when当……时候(后接延续性动词及短暂性动词)。happened为短暂性动词,第一空用when;第二空,根据“What were you doing”可知,为过去进行时。故选C。
14.B
【详解】句意:昨天这个时候,我正在这里参加一场理科考试。 考查过去进行时。“At this time yesterday”是过去进行时的典型时间标志,强调在过去某一具体时刻动作正在进行,结构为“was/were +现在分词”。主语是I,be动词用was,take“参加”的现在分词是taking。故选B。
15.A
【详解】句意:——吉姆,你刚才为什么没给我开门? ——我在浴室洗衣服,没听见敲门声。
考查过去进行时。wash洗。 根据“I ... clothes in the bathroom. I didn’t hear the knock.”可知此句时态为过去进行时,对方在敲门的时候,吉姆正在浴室里洗衣服,所以要用was/were doing结构表示“过去正在做”,所以要用was washing。故选A。
16.A
【详解】句意:——吉姆,你为什么没给我开门?——我当时正在浴室洗衣服,没听到敲门声。
考查过去进行时。was washing(过去进行时,表示过去某个时间点或时间段正在进行的动作);washed(一般过去时,表示过去发生的动作);am washing(现在进行时,表示现在正在进行的动作)。根据问句“Why didn’t you open the door for me ”可知,敲门发生在过去,而“没听到敲门声”是因为当时正在洗衣服,因此需用过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。故选A。
17.C
【详解】句意:当那位女士正在开车时,事故发生了。
主句“the accident happened”使用了一般过去时,从句描述事故发生时正在进行的动作,需用过去进行时,句中主语the woman为第三人称单数,所以be动词用was,drive的现在分词为driving。应填was driving。
18.B
【详解】句意:当杰克看到他妈妈进来时,他把智能手机藏到了床底下。
考查动词辨析。passed传递;hid隐藏;folded折叠。根据“under the bed”可知,把手机放在床底下是为了不让妈妈看见,所以是“藏起来”。故选B。
19.B
【详解】句意:昨天这个时候,我正在这里参加一场科学考试。
考查过去进行时。take参加,动词原形;was taking参加,过去进行时;will take参加,一般将来时。根据时间状语“At this time yesterday”可知,句子描述过去某一时刻正在发生的动作,应使用过去进行时。故选B。
20.C
【详解】句意:我正在想我姐姐的时候,电话响了。正是她打来的!
考查过去进行时。“when my phone rang(当电话响的时候)”是过去的时间点,“想我姐姐”这个动作在电话响的那一刻正在进行,应用过去进行时,结构为“was/were + 现在分词”。主语是I,be动词用was,think的现在分词是thinking。故选C。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
Unit 5 Nature's Temper
重点单词
1.脾气;怒气________
2.地震________
3.台风________
4.野火________
5.暴风雪________
6.洪水;水灾________
7.旱灾;干旱________
8.警告;提醒________
9.摇动;震动________
10.(灾难等)侵袭;爆发________
11.睡着的________
12.在很大程度上;大量地________
13.突然(的)________
14.窗;窗户________
15.落下;掉下________
16.部件;碎片________
17.速度________
18.火柴________
19.补给(品);供应________
20.准备(工作);预备________
21.电力供应;能量;力量________
22.(睡觉)酣畅地;可靠地________
23.厚的;浓密的________
24.敲;打________
25.躲藏;隐蔽________
26.龙卷风;旋风________
27.最坏(的);最糟(的)________
28.(学校的)女生________
29.泡;泡沫________
30.不幸地;可惜地________
31.打雷;发出雷鸣般响声________
32.通常的;寻常的________
33.暴风雨________
34.不幸的;不吉利的________
重点短语
35.(闹钟)发出响声 ________
36.入睡;睡着 ________
37.逐渐变弱;逐渐消失 ________
38.前往;费力地前进 ________
39.保持沉默 ________
40.敲打;撞击 ________
41.听说 ________
42.摔倒;跌倒 ________
43.吹倒;刮倒 ________
44.起初;起先 ________
45.逃离;从……出来 ________
46.一片混乱 ________
47.捡起;接电话 ________
48.突然;忽然 ________
49.看一看 ________
50.事实上;实际上 ________
51.面对;面临 ________
52.幸亏;由于 ________
53.为……做准备 ________
54.沉默地;无声地 ________
三、重点句型
55.两周前,她的地理老师曾经解释过,海底的地震可能会产生被称为海啸的危险波浪!
________________________________________________
56.他立即行动起来,赶紧去催促人们离开海滩。
________________________________________________
57.到我完成作业时,爸爸已经酣睡了。
________________________________________________
58.到8月末的时候,他们想方设法扑灭了所有的野火。
________________________________________________
59.她打电话时,我们一家正在吃晚饭。我们没有注意到水在上涨!
________________________________________________________________________________
60.台风严重地影响了我们的生活,我没有想到这是那么的强烈。
________________________________________________________________________________
61.台风随着向西移动正在减弱。
________________________________________________________________________________
62.下倾盆大雨的时候,我正在酣睡。
________________________________________________________________________________
63.这场龙卷风把大家紧密地团结在一起。
_______________________________________________________________________________
语法点
过去进行时
表示在过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作。常与then、at this time yesterday、at that time 以及when、while、just as引导的时间状语从句等连用。本单元重点讲解包含when或while引导的时间状语从句的过去进行时态。
1. 过去进行时的基本句式
句式 构成
肯定句 主语+was/were+动词-ing形式+其他.
否定句 主语+was/were+not+动词-ing形式+其他.
一般疑问句 Was/Were+主语+动词-ing形式+其他
肯定回答 Yes,主语+was/were.
否定回答 No,主语+wasn't/weren't.
特殊疑问句 疑问词+was/were+主语+动词-ing形式+其他
例如:
The girl was shopping when I saw her.
我看见那个女孩的时候她正在购物。
He was not working at that time.
那时他没在工作。
—Was he playing basketball then
—Yes, he was./—No, he wasn’t.
——那个时候他在打篮球吗
——是的,他在打篮球。/——不,他没在打篮球。
—What were you doing at nine last Sunday morning
—I was sleeping.
——上周日上午九点你在做什么
——我在睡觉。
2. when和while在过去进行时态中的用法
表示过去某个动作发生时,另一个动作正在进行 与when引导的时间状语从句连用(主句用过去进行时,从句用一般过去时)
与while引导的时间状语从句连用(主句用一般过去时,从句用过去进行时)
表示过去某两个延续性动作同时进行 多与while引导的时间状语从句连用(主句和从句都用过去进行时)
例如:
She was playing the piano when Mary left.
当玛丽离开时她正在弹钢琴。
He broke a vase while he was doing housework.
他做家务时打碎了一个花瓶。
While my brother was watching TV, I was doing my homework.
我弟弟看电视时,我正在做作业。
语法专练
1.—What ________ you ________ when the alarm rang —I was taking a shower.
A.did; do B.were; doing C.are; doing
2.When I got home, my mother ________ already ________ asleep.
A.has; fallen B.had; fallen C.was; falling
3.—I was doing my homework when the power went out. —__________
A.So did I. B.So was I. C.Neither was I.
4.We were driving home ________ the strong winds started.
A.while B.when C.during
5.I was travelling on the train ________ the storm hit.
A.while B.when C.during
6.What were you doing ________ it was snowing heavily
A.while B.when C.during
7.It was raining hard ________ we were driving back.
A.while B.when C.during
8.________ my neighbour called, my family were having dinner.
A.While B.When C.During
9.I did my homework ________ the typhoon landed on the coast.
A.while B.when C.during
10.The power went out ________ my father and I made dinner.
A.while B.when C.during
11.Kate was writing a letter ________ her brother called to warn her.
A.while B.when C.during
12.My parents packed the supplies ________ I moved our things off the floor.
A.while B.until C.during
13.—What were you doing ________ the storm happened
—I ________ home.
A.while; drove B.when; drove C.when; was driving
14.At this time yesterday, I ________ a science exam here.
A.take B.was taking C.am taking
15.—Why didn’t you open the door for me, Jim
—I ________ clothes in the bathroom. I didn’t hear the knock.
A.was washing B.have washed C.washed
16.—Why didn’t you open the door for me, Jim
—I ________ clothes in the bathroom. I didn’t hear the knock.
A.was washing B.washed C.am washing
17.While the woman ________, the accident happened.
A.drove B.is driving C.was driving
18.When Jack saw his mother coming in, he ________ his smart phone under the bed.
A.passed B.hid C.folded
19.At this time yesterday, I ________ a science exam here.
A.take B.was taking C.will take
20.I ________ about my sister when my phone rang. It was just her!
A.think B.will think C.was thinking
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