专题07 句型(期中专项训练)六年级英语下学期(人教PEP版)(含答案)

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专题07 句型(期中专项训练)六年级英语下学期(人教PEP版)(含答案)

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专题07 句型(期中专项训练)六年级英语下学期(人教PEP版)
新教材适配 | 期中专项突破
满分:100分 时间:45分钟 适用:六年级英语下学期期中句型专项巩固与提升
一、专题核心句型梳理(贴合期中考点,直击易错点)
六年级英语下学期期中句型考查是基础且核心的题型,分值占试卷的25%-30%,核心考查课本前3单元(Unit 1-Unit 3)重点句型,涵盖形容词比较级句型、一般过去时句型、一般现在时句型、情景交际句型四大模块,侧重句型的记忆、灵活运用及句式转换(肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句及回答)。结合六年级学生句型易错点,分类梳理句型结构、用法、课本适配例句及易错提醒,助力夯实句型基础,精准突破期中句型考点,规避失分。
(一)句型模块1:形容词比较级句型(Unit 1重点,期中必考)
核心考查“两者比较”的基本句型,结合Unit 1形容词比较级知识点,是期中句型考查的高频模块,主要涉及肯定句、否定句及简单问答。
核心句型(3类,期中高频)
句型1:主语 + be动词 + 形容词比较级 + than + 比较对象.(最基础,期中必考)
用法:表示“某人/某物比另一人/另一物更……”,than后接人称代词宾格(me, him, her等)或名词。
例句:She is taller than me.(她比我高。)
This pen is longer than that one.(这支钢笔比那支长。)
句型2:主语 + be动词 + much/a little + 形容词比较级 + than + 比较对象.
用法:much/a little修饰比较级,加强语气,“much+比较级”表示“……得多”,“a little+比较级”表示“……一点”。
例句:This box is much heavier than that one.(这个盒子比那个重得多。)
He is a little stronger than his brother.(他比他弟弟强壮一点。)
句型3:Which/Who is + 形容词比较级, A or B (选择疑问句,期中常考)
用法:用于询问两者中“哪一个/谁更……”,回答直接选择其中一个对象,无需用Yes/No。
例句:Who is taller, Tom or Jim (汤姆和吉姆,谁更高?)
Tom is taller.(汤姆更高。)
句式转换(期中核心考点)
肯定句→否定句:在be动词后加not,其余不变。
例:He is taller than me. → He is not (isn’t) taller than me.
肯定句→一般疑问句:将be动词提到句首,句末加问号,第一人称变第二人称(若有)。
例:She is happier than her sister. → Is she happier than her sister
(回答:Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.)
期中易错点
遗漏than,导致比较句型不完整(如He is taller me. 错误;正确为He is taller than me.);
than后接人称代词主格(如He is taller than I. 错误;正确为He is taller than me.);
比较级拼写错误,导致句型语法错误(如happy→happyer,错误;正确为happier);
选择疑问句回答时,误用Yes/No(如问句Who is taller, Tom or Jim 回答Yes, Tom is. 错误;正确为Tom is.)。
(二)句型模块2:一般过去时句型(Unit 2、Unit 3重点,期中必考)
核心考查“过去发生的动作或状态”的句型,结合一般过去时动词变化规则,涵盖肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句及特殊疑问句,是期中句型考查的重点难点。
核心句型(4类,期中高频)
句型1:主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他.(肯定句,描述过去发生的动作)
用法:用于陈述过去某个时间发生的具体动作,常与过去时间标志词连用。
例句:I cleaned my room last Saturday.(我上周六打扫了我的房间。)
She went to the park yesterday.(她昨天去了公园。)
句型2:主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 其他.(否定句)
用法:否定过去发生的动作,didn’t后必须接动词原形,无论主语是第几人称。
例句:I didn’t watch TV last night.(我昨晚没有看电视。)
They didn’t play football last Sunday.(他们上周日没有踢足球。)
句型3:Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 (一般疑问句,询问过去是否发生某事)
用法:回答用Yes, 主语 + did. / No, 主语 + didn’t.,did后接动词原形。
例句:Did you go to the zoo yesterday (你昨天去动物园了吗?)
Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.
句型4:特殊疑问词(What/Where/When/How) + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 (特殊疑问句,期中高频)
用法:询问过去发生的动作、地点、时间、方式等,疑问词后接did,动词用原形。
例句:What did you do last weekend (你上周末做什么了?)
I did my homework.(我做家庭作业了。)
例句:Where did you go last holiday (你去年假期去了哪里?)
I went to Beijing.(我去北京了。)
期中易错点
否定句、疑问句中,动词仍用过去式(如I didn’t cleaned my room. 错误;正确为I didn’t clean my room.);
特殊疑问句中,遗漏did,直接用疑问词+动词过去式(如What you did last weekend 错误;正确为What did you do last weekend );
不规则动词过去式拼写错误,导致句型错误(如go→goned,错误;正确为went);
一般疑问句回答时,误用be动词(如Did you see a film 回答Yes, I was. 错误;正确为Yes, I did.)。
(三)句型模块3:一般现在时句型(Unit 1基础,期中常考)
核心考查“经常性、习惯性动作”或“人/事物特征”的句型,结合一般现在时动词三单变化规则,侧重肯定句、否定句及简单问答,难度适中,是期中句型考查的基础模块。
核心句型(3类,期中高频)
句型1:主语 + 动词原形/三单形式 + 其他.(肯定句)
用法:主语是三单(he, she, it, 单数名词),动词用三单;主语是复数或第一、二人称,动词用原形,常与频率副词连用。
例句:She watches TV every evening.(她每天晚上看电视。)
I play basketball after school.(我放学后打篮球。)
句型2:主语 + don’t/doesn’t + 动词原形 + 其他.(否定句)
用法:主语是三单,用doesn’t;其余主语用don’t,后接动词原形。
例句:He doesn’t like apples.(他不喜欢苹果。)We don’t go to school on weekends.(我们周末不上学。)
句型3:Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 (一般疑问句)
用法:主语是三单,用Does;其余主语用Do,回答用Yes, 主语 + do/does. / No, 主语 + don’t/doesn’t.
例句:Does she go to school by bike (她骑自行车上学吗?)
Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.
期中易错点
主语是三单,否定句、疑问句中仍用动词三单(如He doesn’t watches TV. 错误;正确为He doesn’t watch TV.);
混淆do/does的用法(如Do he go to school 错误;正确为Does he go to school );
频率副词位置错误(如She every day watches TV. 错误;正确为She watches TV every day.);
一般疑问句回答时,do/does与主语不匹配(如Does she like music 回答Yes, I do. 错误;正确为Yes, she does.)。
(四)句型模块4:情景交际句型(Unit 1-Unit 3重点,期中必考)
核心考查课本前3单元重点情景对话,贴合日常交际场景(问候、询问、应答等),侧重句型的灵活运用,无需句式转换,但需准确匹配语境,是期中句型考查的基础得分点。
核心情景句型(按单元分类,100%贴合课本)
Unit 1 情景(比较身高、体重、年龄等)
① — How tall are you (你多高?)
— I’m 1.65 meters.(我1.65米高。)
② — Who is taller than you (谁比你高?)
— My brother is taller than me.(我弟弟比我高。)
Unit 2 情景(询问周末活动)
① — How was your weekend (你周末过得怎么样?)
— It was good, thank you.(很好,谢谢。)
② — What did you do last weekend (你上周末做什么了?)
— I stayed at home and cleaned my room.(我待在家里打扫房间了。)
③ — Did you do anything else (你还做了其他事吗?)
— Yes, I washed my clothes.(是的,我洗了衣服。)
Unit 3 情景(询问假期旅行、发生的事情)
① — Where did you go over the holiday (你假期去了哪里?)
— I went to Hainan.(我去海南了。)
② — What happened to you (你怎么了?)
— I fell off my bike and hurt my foot.(我从自行车上摔下来,弄伤了脚。)
③ — Are you all right now (你现在还好吗?)
— I’m OK now.(我现在没事了。)
期中易错点
情景与句型不匹配(如询问周末活动,用Where did you go 错误;正确为What did you do last weekend );
应答句时态错误(如问句用一般过去时,应答用一般现在时:— What did you do — I do my homework. 错误;正确为I did my homework.);
固定交际句型记忆错误(如询问身高,用How high are you 错误;正确为How tall are you );
应答不完整或不符合语境(如问句Did you see a film 回答Yes. 错误;正确为Yes, I did.)。
(五)期中解题核心技巧
第一步:判断句型类型——根据句子中的关键词(than、过去时间标志词、频率副词等),确定考查的句型模块(比较级、一般过去时等);
第二步:回忆句型结构——结合对应句型的肯定句、否定句、疑问句结构,确定句子的正确句式;
第三步:检查细节——重点排查动词形式(过去式、三单)、介词(than)、人称代词、时态一致性等易错点;
第四步:验证语境——通读句子或对话,检查句型是否符合语境,语句是否通顺,确保无语法错误。
期中高频易错汇总: 比较级句型遗漏than或人称代词使用错误; 一般过去时否定句、疑问句中动词未用原形; 一般现在时三单形式遗漏; 情景交际句型与语境不匹配; 5. 不规则动词过去式拼写错误导致句型错误。
(六)基础过关小练习(课前热身,巩固句型)
根据句型规则,完成下列练习,贴合期中基础难度:
改为否定句:She is taller than me.(答案:She isn’t taller than me.)
改为一般疑问句:He cleaned his room last Saturday.(答案:Did he clean his room last Saturday )
根据情景回答:— What did you do yesterday (答案:I watched TV yesterday. 合理即可)
完成对话:— How tall are you — ________(答案:I’m 1.60 meters. 合理即可)
二、期中专项训练卷(分层命题,贴合考点)
题型严格适配期中句型考查难度,分“基础层(句型记忆与简单运用)、提升层(句式转换)、拓展层(语境综合运用)”,贴合人教PEP版六年级下册前3单元重点,覆盖所有期中高频句型考点,规避学生易错点,兼顾基础巩固和能力提升。
(一)基础层:句型记忆与简单运用(40分)
侧重核心句型记忆和简单运用,贴合课本基础,每空2分,无需复杂转换:
根据句意,补全下列比较级句型(10分)
(1)Tom is ________ (高) than Jim.
(2)This book is ________ (有趣) than that one.
(3)My mother is ________ (年轻) than my father.
(4)This box is much ________ (重) than that one.
(5)Who is ________ (强壮) , Li Ming or Zhang Wei
根据句意,用动词的适当形式补全一般过去时句型(10分)
(1)I ________ (clean) my room last Saturday.
(2)She ________ (go) to the park yesterday.
(3)They ________ (play) football last Sunday.
(4)My father ________ (cook) delicious food last night.
(5)He ________ (see) a film last Friday.
根据情景,补全下列交际对话(20分)
(1)— How was your weekend — ________ (很好,谢谢。)
(2)— What did you do last weekend — ________ (我待在家里洗了衣服。)
(3)— Where did you go over the holiday — ________ (我去了北京。)
(4)— How tall are you — ________ (我1.58米高。)
(5)— Did you see a film yesterday — ________ (不,我没有。我做了家庭作业。)
(6)— What happened to you — ________ (我从自行车上摔下来了。)
(7)— Are you all right now — ________ (我现在没事了。)
(8)— Who is taller than you — ________ (我姐姐比我高。)
(9)— Does she go to school by bike — ________ (是的,她去。)
(10)— What do you do every evening — ________ (我每天晚上看电视。)
(二)提升层:句式转换练习(30分)
侧重句型的句式转换(肯定句→否定句、一般疑问句及回答),贴合期中常规难度,每空2分:
将下列肯定句改为否定句(10分)
(1)She is taller than me.
(2)He cleaned his room last Saturday.
(3)She watches TV every evening.
(4)They went to the park yesterday.
(5)I like playing football.
将下列肯定句改为一般疑问句,并写出肯定回答和否定回答(20分)
(1)He went to the zoo yesterday.
(2)She is happier than her sister.
(3)They play basketball every afternoon.
(4)I did my homework last night.
(5)He likes reading books.
(三)拓展层:语境综合运用练习(30分)
结合短文、对话语境,综合运用所有核心句型,贴合期中提升题型,培养语境分析和句型运用能力,每空2分:
阅读短文,补全短文,每空填一个合适的单词或短语,使短文完整、通顺(侧重一般过去时、比较级句型)
Last weekend, I had a great time. On Saturday morning, I got up late. I cleaned my room and washed my clothes. In the afternoon, I went to the park with my best friend, Lily. Lily is ________ (tall) than me. We played games there. It was much ________ (fun) than staying at home. In the evening, I watched TV with my family. On Sunday, I did my homework and read a book. I ________ (go) to bed early. I was very happy last weekend.
补全对话,根据语境,用合适的句型完成对话(侧重情景交际、一般过去时句型)
A: Hi, Tom! ________ (你的周末过得怎么样?)
B: It was great. Thank you.
A: ________ (你上周末做什么了?)
B: I went to the countryside with my parents.
A: ________ (你在那里做了什么?)
B: I helped my grandparents pick apples. It was interesting.
A: ________ (你看到很多苹果了吗?)
B: Yes, I did. There were many red apples on the trees.
A: ________ (谁比你摘的苹果多?)
B: My father. He is stronger than me.
A: That sounds great!
三、参考答案与详细解析
(一)基础层:句型记忆与简单运用(40分)
补全比较级句型(每空2分,共10分)
(1)taller (2)more interesting (3)younger (4)heavier (5)stronger
解析:考查形容词比较级句型,than提示用比较级,多音节词(interesting)变比较级加more,其余为规则变化。
补全一般过去时句型(每空2分,共10分)
(1)cleaned (2)went (3)played (4)cooked (5)saw
解析:考查一般过去时肯定句,时间标志词(last Saturday、yesterday等)提示动词用过去式,注意不规则动词(go→went、see→saw)。
补全交际对话(每空2分,共20分)
(1)It was good, thank you. (2)I stayed at home and washed my clothes.
(3)I went to Beijing. (4)I’m 1.58 meters. (5)No, I didn’t. I did my homework.
(6)I fell off my bike. (7)I’m OK now. (8)My sister is taller than me.
(9)Yes, she does. (10)I watch TV every evening.
解析:考查情景交际句型,需贴合对应情景,时态一致,语句通顺,合理即可酌情给分。
(二)提升层:句式转换练习(30分)
改为否定句(每空2分,共10分)
(1)She isn’t taller than me.
解析:比较级肯定句改否定句,在be动词is后加not,缩写为isn’t。
(2)He didn’t clean his room last Saturday.
解析:一般过去时肯定句改否定句,加didn’t,动词clean还原为原形。
(3)She doesn’t watch TV every evening.
解析:一般现在时(三单)肯定句改否定句,加doesn’t,动词watch还原为原形。
(4)They didn’t go to the park yesterday.
解析:一般过去时肯定句改否定句,加didn’t,动词go还原为原形。
(5)I don’t like playing football.
解析:一般现在时(第一人称)肯定句改否定句,加don’t,动词like用原形。
改为一般疑问句及回答(每空2分,共20分)
(1)Did he go to the zoo yesterday / Yes, he did. / No, he didn’t.
解析:一般过去时肯定句改一般疑问句,加Did,动词went还原为go;回答用Yes/No+主语+did/didn’t。
(2)Is she happier than her sister / Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.
解析:比较级肯定句改一般疑问句,将be动词is提到句首;回答用Yes/No+主语+is/isn’t。
(3)Do they play basketball every afternoon / Yes, they do. / No, they don’t.
解析:一般现在时(复数主语)肯定句改一般疑问句,加Do,动词用原形;回答用Yes/No+主语+do/don’t。
(4)Did you do your homework last night / Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.
解析:一般过去时肯定句改一般疑问句,加Did,动词did还原为do;主语I变you,回答用I。
(5)Does he like reading books / Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
解析:一般现在时(三单主语)肯定句改一般疑问句,加Does,动词likes还原为like;回答用Yes/No+主语+does/doesn’t。
(三)拓展层:语境综合运用练习(30分)
补全短文(每空2分,共10分)
taller; more fun; went
解析:第一空,than提示用tall的比较级taller;第二空,much修饰比较级,fun的比较级为more fun;第三空,短文语境为一般过去时,go的过去式为went。
补全对话(每空2分,共20分)
How was your weekend ; What did you do last weekend ; What did you do there ; Did you see many apples ; Who picked more apples than you
解析:结合对话语境,依次考查询问周末情况、过去做的事情、过去在某地做的事情、一般过去时一般疑问句、比较级特殊疑问句,句型需贴合语境,时态一致,语句通顺,合理即可酌情给分。

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