资源简介

8BUnit 6 Sunshine for all知识点
Let's work hand in hand for a beautiful life.让我们携手并进，共同创造美好的生活。
hand in hand手拉手；携手并进；如：I chanced to see them walking hand in hand. 我偶然看到他们手拉手走着。
Welcome to the unit --- People in need(P79)
Part B
1. For example, many governments around the world provide places for homeless people to stay.例如，全球许多政府都为无家可归者提供栖身之所。
- provide sth for sb为某人提供某物；= provide sb with sth给某人提供某物；如：
The school provides books for students. = The school provides students with books.
2. What about people with disabilities 那残疾人呢？
disability n. (某种) 缺陷，障碍；disability- 词根：able → unable → disable → disability
physical disability身体残疾；disabled adj.有残疾的；
people with disabilities残疾人（礼貌、正式表达）=the disabled残疾人（the + 形容词表一类人）（更礼貌）；如：
We should help the disabled people in our community.我们应该帮助社区里的残疾人。
3. Most governments provide different kinds of services to help them live a full life.大多数政府都会提供各种不同的服务，以帮助人们过上充实的生活。
-service n.服务；v.维修，保养；为...服务，提供服务；
The volunteers for community service are doing a good job.社区服务的义工做得很出色。
He suggested that my car should be serviced.他建议我把汽车送去保养。
We have the machines serviced regularly.我们请人定期维修机器。
-to help them live a full life是动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了……”；
-live a + 形容词 + life过……的生活；如：live a happy life过幸福的生活；live a busy life过着忙碌的生活
4. That's good to know.这很好啊。口语：了解到这点真好。 / 这很有用。类似于：That's nice to hear.听到这个很高兴。
5. They usually do so by donating money.许多企业也会帮助有需要的人。他们通常是通过捐款的方式来做到这一点的。
-do so中so替代前面提到的动作，避免重复。
-by doing sth通过做某事（表方式）；如：learn English by reading通过阅读学习英语
-donate vt.& vi.捐赠；捐献；后可接 to引出捐赠的对象。donate money to…向…捐款；如：She donated 1000 yuan to the charity.她向慈善机构捐了1000元。
donation n. 捐赠；捐款；捐献物；如：donate blood=blood donation献血；
I'll be sending them a donation in appreciation of their help.我将送给他们一笔捐款以感谢他们的帮助.
She made huge donations to charities.她向慈善机构捐赠了巨额资金。
Make donations when necessary.必要时进行捐赠。
Reading---A volunteering experience(P80-83)
A volunteer's story at the Paralympics
1.Liu Ming, a student from a university in Beijing, did not know what to expect when he volunteered for the Beijing 2022 Paralympic Winter Games. (page 80，lines 1-3)刘明是北京一所大学的学生。当他成为2022年北京冬季残奥会的志愿者时，他并不知道会发生什么。// Before the Games began, I really did not know what to expect. (P83) 在比赛开始之前，我真的不知道自己会遇到什么情况。
残疾人奥林匹克运动会，简称"残奥会"，是专为残疾人举行的世界大型综合性运动会。残奥会分为夏季残奥会和冬季残奥会，均为每四年举办一届。
-expect vt.预料，预期；期待；expect to do sth期待做某事；expect sb. to do sth期待某人做某事。如：I expect to finish the work by Friday.我期待周五前完成工作。
You can’t expect me to finish the work in just two days.你不能期望我仅在两天之内完成这项工作。
2. Now he thinks it is one of the most amazing experiences in his life. "It's fantastic to work as a volunteer!" he says.如今，他认为这是自己一生中最令人惊叹的经历之一。“作为一名志愿者工作真是太棒了！”他说道。
-one of the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词：最……之一；如：
Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China.北京是中国最大的城市之一。
-It's + 形容词 + to do sth做某事是……的；
It is brave of him to take part in the competition.他参加比赛很勇敢。
3. The Paralympic Winter Games give athletes with different kinds of disabilities a chance to show their confidence and skills to the world. 残奥会冬季赛事为各类残疾运动员提供了一个向世界展示其自信与技能的机会。
-give sb a chance to do sth给某人做某事的机会；-show sth to sb向某人展示某物；如：
My teacher gives me a chance to speak English.老师给我一个说英语的机会。
Let me show the photos to you.让我把照片展示给你看。
-athlete n. 运动员；-with different kinds of disabilities 介词短语作后置定语，修饰名词athletes；- to show…不定式作后置定语，修饰 chance。
-confidence n.自信心；信心；have confidence in…对…有信心=confident of /in；build confidence建立信心。adj. confident自信的，有信心的；be confident to do sth有信心做某事；如：
He has full confidence in winning the competition.他对赢得比赛充满信心。
She is confident that she will pass the exam.她有信心通过考试。
4. This great international event requires support from lots of volunteers. 这一盛大的国际盛事需要大量志愿者的支持。
require需要，依靠；= need；require sth from sb向某人要求/需要某物；如：
The job requires hard work.这份工作需要努力。
5. It is really nice of them to give up their spare time to help at the event. 他们甘愿牺牲自己的闲暇时光来协助赛事的举办，此举着实令人感动。
-spare adj.空闲的，空余的；=free; spare time=free time 空闲时间；give up 放弃；
-It is + adj. + of sb + to do sth某人做某事真是……；该句型中的形容词描述的是人的特征、
品质等。如：It is clever of him to solve the problem. 他真聪明，解决了这个问题。
6. They received the necessary training so that they could provide help and protection for these amazing athletes.他们接受了必要的培训，以便能够为这些杰出的运动员提供帮助与保护。// To make sure everything runs smoothly, it is necessary for people from different backgrounds to work closely together. (P83) 为了确保一切顺利进行，来自不同背景的人们必须紧密合作。
-receive vt.受到；接到；I'm glad to receive your email.很高兴收到你的邮件。
-necessary adj.必需的，必要的； I can take the car if necessary.如果必要的话，我可以乘汽车去。Sometimes it is necessary to say no.有时候说“不”是必要的。
- so that 引导目的状语从句，“为了……，以便……”。I get up early so that I can catch the bus.我早起以便赶上公交车。
- provide sth for sb= provide sb with sth为某人提供某物；
- smoothly adv.顺利地；平滑地；smooth adj. 平滑的；平坦的；The project went smoothly. 项目进展顺利。The surface is smooth and free of scratches.表面光滑无划痕。
- To make sure everything runs smoothly是动词不定式作目的状语。
7. His main job was to help athletes in wheelchairs get on and off the bus and remind them to put their seat belts on. (page 81,lines 14-16)他的主要工作是帮助坐轮椅的运动员上下巴士，并提醒他们系好安全带。// He helped me and other athletes in wheelchairs get on and off the bus, and he also reminded us to put on our seat belts. (P83) 他帮助我和其他坐轮椅的运动员上下公交车，还提醒我们要系好安全带。
短语remind sb to do sth意思是"提醒某人做某事"，remind sb of sth意思是"使某人想起某事"。如：
Our English teacher often reminds us to speak English more in class.我们的英语老师经常提醒我们在课堂上多讲英语。
These photos remind me of the old days.这些照片让我想起了过去的日子。
-get on / get off the bus上/下公交车。
- put on seat belts 系安全带；
8. It seemed to them that the most important thing was not to win a medal, gold or silver, but to take part in the competition.(page 81,lines 17-19)似乎对他们而言，最重要的事情并不是赢得奖牌，不管是金牌还是银牌，而是参与比赛。// I could not believe it when I was chosen to compete in the Beijing 2022 Paralympic Winter Games. (P83) 当被选中参加2022年北京冬季残奥会时，我简直不敢相信自己的好运。// Thanks to Liu's help, we could focus on preparing for the competition. (P83) 多亏了刘明的帮助，我们才能专心准备比赛。
-句中not to do...but to do...意思是"不是要做.....而是要做......"。如：
My dream is not to be rich but to contribute to society.我的梦想不是要变得富有，而是为社会作出贡献。
- It seemed that…似乎……；如：It seemed that she was tired.她似乎累了。
- take part in 参加；-gold n.金牌；金； -silver n.银牌；银；
-competition n.比赛；竞争； compete vi.参加比赛；竞争；
9. Athletes and volunteers from different backgrounds feel like part of one big family. (page 81, lines 20-22)来自不同背景的运动员和志愿者感觉自己就像是大家庭的一员。
短语feel like意思是"感觉就像"，其后可接名词，名词短语或名词性从句。如：
I was so tired and my legs felt like lead.我太累了，我的腿像灌了铅。
The video tours and photos were excellent.I feel like l was there in person.视频导览和图片很出色。我有种身临其境的感觉。
background n.出身背景；背景；如：The events of the 1930s provided the backdrop for the film.
二十世纪三十年代的一些事件为这部电影提供了背景。
10. The athletes do their best to show their abilities through sport, while the warm-hearted volunteers are ready to offer them support and help make the event a great success.运动员们竭尽全力通过运动展现自己的实力，而心怀热诚的志愿者们则随时准备为他们提供支持，帮助赛事取得圆满成功。
-while连接并列句，表示对比；do one's best尽自己最大的努力; be ready to do随时准备行动/愿意着手做某事; offer sb sth= offer sth to sb给某人提供某物；
- ability n.才能，本领；能力；复数abilities ；adj. able；ability to do sth做某事的能力；develop one’s abilities培养能力。如：She has the ability to speak three languages.她有说三种语言的能力。
-warm-hearted adj.善良诚恳的；如：She is always warm-hearted and ready to help others.她总是很热心的，随时准备帮助别人。
11. "It's great for me to do something for them. Their courage to achieve their goals, their love for life and their spirit of never giving up have greatly influenced me," says Liu Ming.“能为他们做些事情对我来说真是太棒了。他们实现目标的勇气、对生活的热爱以及永不放弃的精神，都对我产生了深远的影响。”刘明说。// Everyone on the Chinese team was amazing, and they influenced me a lot.(P83) 中国队的每一位运动员都十分出色，他们对我产生了很大的影响。
// In fact, they helped us achieve our dreams. (P83) 事实上，正是他们的帮助让我们实现了梦想。// To make sure everything runs smoothly, it is necessary for people from different backgrounds to work closely together. (P83) 为了确保一切顺利进行，来自不同背景的人们必须紧密合作。
-It’s + 形容词 + for sb + to do sth对某人来说做某事是……的；如：
It’s difficult for me to finish it.对我来说完成它很难。
-三个并列主语（courage/love/spirit）+ have influenced me.
- courage n.勇气；不可数名词。He won honor for his courage.他以勇气赢得大家的尊敬。
I don't think I have the courage to tell him the bad news.我觉得我没有勇气告诉他这个坏消息。
-achieve vt.达到 (目标等)；完成；n. achievement成就;成绩;功绩;达到;完成。
What were the artists trying to achieve 那艺术家们试图去实现一些什么呢？
The invention of the computer is a great achievement.发明计算机是一大成就。
-greatly adv.非常，很；The aim of this activity impresssed me greatly. 这项活动的目的让我印象深刻。
-influence vt. & n.影响；influence sb. to do sth影响某人做某事；have an influence on…对…有影响。如：His teacher greatly influenced his choice of career.他的老师极大地影响了他的职业选择。His hard work influenced me a lot.他的努力深深影响了我。
12. I am really grateful to the volunteers. (P83) 我非常感激那些志愿者们。
-“be grateful to” “对……心怀感激”；强调行为的对象性，表达出具体而特定的感激对象。表示对特定的个人或团体的感激之情。“be grateful for”“感激”；强调客观事实，重在对事情或物品的感激；如：
I am so grateful to my parents for everything they have done for me. 我非常感激父母为我所做的一切。
I am grateful for your kind words.感谢你的盛赞。
Grammar
A It is + adjective + to-infinitive
1. I think it is important to help people in need. 我认为帮助有需要的人很重要。//It is
wonderful to watch them enjoy their lessons. 看他们享受课程是一件很棒的事。//It is
meaningful to work as a volunteer.做志愿者是有意义的。// It is right to give up seats to the
elderly. 给老年人让座是正确的做法。// It is good to help blind people cross the read. 帮助
盲人过马路是件好事。// It is helpful to donate money to charities. 向慈善机构捐款是有
益的。// It is nice to visit an old people's home. 参观养老院真是件不错的事。// It is fantastic
to spend time with the elderly. (P86)和老年人共度时光真是太棒了。// It is nice to see them
chatting and having fun with the worker. (P86)看到他们与工作人员一起聊天、愉快地相处，
真是令人开心啊。// I think it is necessary to create more homes like this. (P86)我认为创建更
多这样的养老院是必要的。// Judy thinks it is exciting to do something different.(P88) 朱迪
觉得能够从事这种与众不同的工作很有趣。// You're right. And it's easy to volunteer at
community centres at the weekend. (P89) 你说得对。而且，周末在社区中心做志愿者也很
方便。
-“It is+ adj.+to-infinitive”含义：“做某事是……的”。如：
It’s necessary to keep parks clean. 保持公园清洁是必要的。
- cross vt. & vi.穿越，横过；across prep.跨越；越过；穿过；如：
It's very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.对孩子们来说,穿过车来车往的街道很危险。
We walked across the street.我们穿过马路。
- charity n.慈善机构 (或组织) ；复数charities；
2. Right now, I am doing some voluntary work at a school for blind children. 现在，我在一所盲童学校做志愿者工作。// Why do you want to be a volunteer (P85) 你为什么想当志愿者呢？// I've decided to volunteer at the Sunshine Care Centre. (P86)我决定去阳光护理中心做志愿者。// Volunteering to help others is great.(P86) 做志愿者帮助他人是一件很棒的事。// The Chinese government offers many different volunteer programmes around the country.(P87) 中国政府在全国范围内推出了许多不同的志愿者计划。// It asks college students to volunteer in China's western areas. (P87) 该计划鼓励大学生到中国的西部地区从事志愿服务。// The "Go West" Programme is one of them. “西部计划”就是其中之一。// It is amazing to see that many volunteers choose to stay in western China.(P87) 令人欣慰的是，许多志愿者选择留在中国的西部地区工作。// Every year, more and more students sign up for this programme and volunteer for roles in education, health and other fields. (P87) 每年都有越来越多的学生报名参加这项计划，他们在教育、医疗等领域发挥自己的作用。
-voluntary adj.义务性的；自愿的； volunteer n.志愿者；v.自愿服务；当志愿兵；adj. 自愿的；志愿兵的；volunteer for sth. / volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事；如：
She’s very taken up with voluntary work at the moment.她目前大部分时间和精力都用在志愿工作上了。
He works as a volunteer at off time. 他在业余时间做志愿者工作。
Many people volunteer to work on the farms.许多人自动到农场劳动。
He is a volunteer doctor. 他是一名志愿者医生。
注意：voluntary和volunteer作形容词时的区别为：volunteer修饰人；voluntary修饰物；如：a volunteer doctor志愿者医生（给医生贴标签说“你是自愿来的”）； voluntary service志愿服务（强调“这事儿没人逼你”）。
-western adj.西部的；西方国家的；n. 西方人；西部片；西部小说；west adj.
西部的；西风的；adv.向西; …以西；n.西方；西部；西方国家；如：
America is a western(adj.) country.美国是一个西方国家。
India is a mysterious land in the mind of Western(n.).在西方人的心目中，印度是一片神秘的土地。
A small island lies off the west (adj.) coast of Korea.韩国西海岸附近有一座小岛。
The storm blew the ship west (adv.) for several days. 风暴将船向西吹了好几天。
Relations between Iran and the West(n.).伊朗与西方的关系。
-more and more越来越多；-sign up for报名参加（考试、课程、活动等）；She signed up for a dance course last week.她上周报了一门舞蹈课。
B It is+ adjective +for...+to-infinitive
3. It is important for blind children to receive education. So, it is necessary for the government to
build special schools for them. I think it is difficult for the teachers to find good ways to teach
blind children, but they have done an excellent job! 让盲童接受教育非常重要。因此，政府有
责任为他们建立专门的学校。我觉得，教师们要找到适合教导盲童的方法并不容易，但他们做得非常出色！//Well, there are lots of people in need, and I believe it's meaningful for us to
provide help if we can.(P85) 嗯，有很多人需要帮助。我觉得，如果能够提供帮助的话，那
是一件很有意义的事情。//Charities often raise money for different groups in need, but it's
difficult for them to work without the help of volunteers. (P85) 慈善机构通常会为那些需要帮
助的人筹集资金，但如果没有志愿者的协助，他们很难开展工作。//It's not necessary for
volunteers to have any experience, but it's important for them to be kind and friendly. (P85) 志
愿者并不一定非得有相关经验，不过，友善和热情的态度是非常重要的。//It's easy for me to
make friends with them. (P85) 对我来说，与他们交朋友并不难。// She also thinks it is
meaningful for her to help the local children and learn more about the western areas of China.
P88) 同时，她认为能够帮助当地的孩子们，并了解中国西部的情况，是一件很有意义的事
情。// It's difficult for her to walk, so I go shopping for her every week.(P89) 她走路有困难，所
以我每周都会帮她去买东西。//I think it's meaningful for young people like us to help people in
our spare time. (P89) 我觉得，像我们这样的年轻人，利用业余时间去帮助他人是一件很有
意义的事。
“It is+ adj.+for…+to-infinitive”含义：“对某人来说做某事是……的”；该句型中的形容词是表示不定式所具备的特征或客观情况。常用的形容词有：cheap, convenient, dangerous, difficult, easy, exciting, expensive, important, interesting, necessary, normal, possible, useful, wonderful等等。
C It is + adjective +of...+to-infinitive
4. It is nice of the government to create special schools like these. 政府创建这样的特殊学校真是太好了。//It is kind of the teachers to work with these children.老师们愿意照顾这些孩子，也非常善良。//I think it's nice of the government to provide elderly people with necessary care. 我认为政府为老年人提供必要护理真是太好了。//It's thoughtful of their families to send them to the centre since they don't have enough time to look after the elderly. 把他们送到中心对他们的家庭来说是很体贴的，因为他们没有足够的时间照顾老人。//It's kind of the workers to take care of elderly people. My mother thinks that it's helpful of me to work there. 工作人员细心照顾老年人真是太好了。我妈妈认为我在那里工作很有帮助。// It is kind of the workers to look after the elderly carefully and patiently. 工作人员细心、耐心地照顾老年人真是太好了。// It's very kind of you to do so. (P89) 你这么做真是太好了。
“It is+ adj.+of…+to-infinitive”含义：“某人做某事真是/太……了”。该句型中的形容词描述的是人的特征、品质。常用的形容词有：brave, careless, clever, foolish, generous, good, helpful, honest, kind, nice, polite, silly, stupid, wrong等等。
Integration---Giving a helping hand(P87-90)
Part A
1.This programme began in 2003 and has grown in popularity. (page 87,Part A)这个项目始于2003年，现在越来越受欢迎。
popularity n.受欢迎，普及；短语grow in popularity 意思是"越来越受欢迎"。如：
Social media continues to grow in popularity。社交媒体越来越受欢迎。
Part D2
2. Xiao Wei is suffering from a serious blood disease and has been absent from school since last month. 小伟患有一种严重的血液疾病，从上个月起就一直无法上学。
-suffer vi. & vt.受折磨；变差；遭受；suffer from患…病，遭受； He suffered from a bad cold last week. 他上周患了重感冒。
-blood n.血，血液；是不可数名词。bleed v.流血，出血；如：
Lots of people donated blood.许多人献血。
She was sick at the sight of the blood.她一见到血就感到恶心。
His head had struck the sink and was bleeding.他的头撞到了洗脸池上，正在流血。
-disease n.病，疾病；He suffers from a serious heart disease.他患有严重的心脏病。
-absent adj.缺席，不在；后接 from 表“缺席某地”。be absent from school/class缺课/旷课。如：She was absent from the meeting yesterday.她昨天缺席了会议。
3. A necessary operation would save him, but it costs over 300,000 yuan. 只有通过手术才能挽救他的生命，但手术费用高达30多万元。//They cannot afford such an expensive operation. 他们无力承担如此高昂的手术费用。// Without this operation, Xiao's life would be at risk.如果不进行手术，小伟的生命将面临危险。
operation n. 手术；operate vi. 运转；动手术；起作用；vt. 操作；经营；引起；对…开刀；have an operation=perform an operation= operate on 做手术；如：
The doctor decided to have an operation on him immediately. 医生决定立即给他做手术。
=The doctor decided to perform an operation on him immediately.
=The doctor decided to operate on him immediately.
at risk处于危险中；同义替换：in danger；如：
If we don't protect the environment, many species will be at risk.如果不保护环境，许多物种将处于危险中。

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