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专题05 非谓语动词
考点 十年考情（2016-2025） 命题趋势
考点01 1V-ing （10年40考） 2025 全国一卷考查动名词 present； 2024 新课标Ⅰ卷考查动名词 giving； 2023 年全国乙卷考查动名词 built； 2022 新高考 I 卷考查动名词Covering 。 V-ing 形式的考查主要集中在以下几个方面：一是作状语；二是作定语，修饰名词，表示主动或正在进行的动作；三是作宾语，用于某些固定动词或短语后；四是构成独立主格结构。
考点02 V-ed （10年35考） 2025 全国二卷考查过去分词 left； 2024 全国甲卷考查过去分词 inspired；2023 年全国乙卷考查过去分词 amazed； 2022 新高考 I 卷考查过去分词 Inspired V-ed 形式的考查主要集中在以下几个方面：一是作定语，修饰名词，表示被动或完成的动作；二是作状语，表示被动或完成的动作，常用于分词短语作状语的结构；三是作宾语补足语，用于某些固定动词或短语后；四是用于被动语态中，表示动作的承受者。
考点03不定式 （10年50考） 2025 全国一卷考查不定式 to present；2024 新课标Ⅰ卷考查不定式 to give；2023 年全国乙卷考查不定式 to plant；2022 新高考 I 卷考查不定式 to increase 等 不定式形式的考查主要集中在以下几个方面：一是作宾语，用于某些固定动词或短语后；二是作定语，修饰名词，表示将来的动作或目的；三是作状语，表示目的、原因等；四是作宾语补足语，用于某些固定动词或短语后；五是用于某些固定句式。
考点01 非谓语动词V-ing
1.（2025年北京卷）When ____17____ (travel), we engage with cultures and experiences.
2.（2025年1月浙江卷）Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women ____60____ (rent) rather than purchase them outright providing a less expensive ____61solution____ (solve) to one-time event dressing. ...
“I really want to make this work for ____64people’s____ (people) lives today, and I know that doesn’t always mean _____65_____ (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says.
2024年
1.【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】__44___ (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ____and45____ see how Tang’s play was being performed.”
2.【2024北京卷】 Just then, some kids ran at him, ___19___ (knock) his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass.
2023年
1.【2023年全国乙卷】As a photographer, I have spent the last two years ___48___ (record) everything I discovered.
2.【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】They talk to the flood of international tourists and to ___40___ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
3.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ____rarely44____ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left _____45_____ (want) more next time.
4.【2023年全国甲卷】“There was once a town in the heart of America, __where_44___ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, ___45___ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables.
5.【2023年北京卷】She called for action ____19____(address)the struggles of people around the world ____20____(face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running through a global campaign called“Run Blue”.
2022年
1.【2022新高考I卷】__________ (cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
2.【2022全国甲卷】He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, __________ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
3.【2022全国乙卷】_____To strengthen_____ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, __________ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
5.【2022年新高考2卷】Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1. 2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___36___ (fall) child.
6.【2022年天津卷第二次】The city temperatures have returned from record low to normal, ________ the citizens to enjoy the outdoors again.
A. allowing B. being allowed
C. having allowed D. having been allowed
2021年
1.【2021新高考1卷】Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 8 (ache) legs.
2.【2021全国甲卷】After 4 (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!
3.【2021全国乙卷】Minimize the impact of 7 (visit) the place.
4.【2021.1 浙江卷】
This may be due to some disadvantages for people 9 (live) in the countryside, including lower levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
5．【2021年天津卷第一次】China's National Highway 318, ________ over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai to Zhangmu, Tibet, is known as the "heavenly road“ for its amazing views.
A．to extend B．extended C．extending D．being extended
2020年
1.【2020年新课标Ⅰ】 I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook. My mom told me how to preparing it.
3.【2020年新课标Ⅱ】They represent the earth 63. (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
4.【2020年新课标Ⅲ】 And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds69. (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.
5.【2020年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷（山东卷）】Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine 42. (they) living at a different time in history or 43. (walk)through a rainforest. 6.【2020年浙江卷7月】 Later，they learned to work with the ___seasons62___ (season)，planting at the right time and，in dry areas， ___63___ (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.
7. 【2020年江苏卷】The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s, ______ a new generation of virtual reality.
A. allowing for B. accounting for C. calling for D. compensating for
2019
【2019年全国卷 Ⅰ】 Scientists have responded by ___67___ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ___68___ (high) than they actually are.
2.【2019年全国卷 Ⅰ】 All the football player on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football.
3.【2019年全国卷Ⅱ】A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for ___61___ (be)Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. ...
When we got a call ___68___ (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was ___69___ joke.
4.【2019年全国卷III】 On the last day of our week-long stay，we __were invited_69___(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，___70___ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
5.【2019年全国卷III】If I succeed in manage one, I will open more.
6.【2019年北京卷】Nervously ___2___ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to __ myself_3___(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.
7.【2019年浙江卷6月】 When the children are walking or ___59___ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can ___60___ (easy) see them....
8.【2019年江苏卷】China's image is improving steadily, with more countries__________ its role in international affairs.
A. recognizing B. being recognized C. to be recognized D. recognized
9.【2019年天津卷】____________ to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future.
A. Learn B. Learned
C. Learning D. Having learned
2018
1.【2018年全国Ⅰ卷】 You don’t have to run fast or for long to see 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.
2.【2018年全国Ⅰ卷】 My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish.
3.【2018年全国Ⅱ卷】China's approach to protecting its environment while ___70___ (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
5.【2018年全国Ⅲ卷】I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ____64____(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel____challenged 65____(challenge).
6.【2018年全国Ⅲ卷】It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin. Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud.
7.【2018年浙江卷6月】I still remember 59 (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I 60 (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
8.【2018年北京卷】 _________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience
A. Travel B. Traveling C. Having traveled D. Traveled
2017
1.【2017年新课标Ⅰ卷】 Fast food ___ is 67___ (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
2.【2017年新课标Ⅰ卷】The instructor kept repeating the word, ＂Speed up!＂ ＂Slow down!＂ ＂Turning left!＂ 3.【2017年新课标Ⅱ卷】 This included digging up the road, 　63　(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 　the64　top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.
4.【2017年新课标Ⅲ卷】 But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 (rest). ...
5. 【2017年北京卷】The national park has a large collection of wildlife, ___________ from butterflies to elephants.
A. ranging B. range C. to range D. ranged
6. 【2017年江苏卷】Many Chinese brands, ____________ their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.
A. having developed B. being developed C. developed D. developing
7. 【2017年天津卷】The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ___________ more patients to be treated.
A. being allowed B. allowing C. having allowed D. allowed
2016
1.【2016年新课标Ⅰ卷】My ambassadorial duties will include 67 (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.
2.【2016年新课标Ⅰ卷】 Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking.
3.【2016年新课标Ⅱ卷】If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely 　49　(bring) your work home.
4.【2016年新课标Ⅱ卷】We can chose between staying at home and take a trip.
5.【2016年新课标Ⅲ卷】The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, __64__ (use) twigs(树枝) to remove it.
6.【2016年新课标Ⅲ卷】I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.
7.【2016年四川卷】She was a very 　63　 (care) mother. For 25 days, she never left her baby, not even to find something 　to eat 64　 (eat)! She would not let any other pandas come near.
8. 【2016年浙江卷】I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do _________ with students.
A. Working B. work C. to work D. worked
10. 【2016年天津卷】The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, _____________ air conditioning unnecessary.
A. making B. to make C. made D. being made
11. 【2016年北京卷】Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, ________ the old town into a dreamland.
A. turn B. turning C. to turn D. turned
考点02 非谓语动词V-ed
1.（2025年全国二卷） If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt ____45____ (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders.
2.（2025年北京卷） When Nick runs ahead, I hear him barking excitedly. I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone ____12____ (scare).
2024年
1.【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___40___ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, ___41___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
2.【2024浙江1月卷】If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets ____have started42____ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs ____43____ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份).
2023年
1.【2023年全国乙卷】Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong ____to41____ royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully ____42____ (build) system of ring roads.
2.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Shanghai may be the ____39____ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace.
3.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of ____42____ (they) contents.
4.【2023年全国甲卷】Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message ___46___ (intend) for everyone.
5.【2023年浙江1月卷】In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, 58 (surround)in concentric(同心的)circles by the Inner City and Outer City.
6.【2023年北京卷】When ____14____(see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid.
2022年
1.【2022全国甲卷】Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___________ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road.
2.【2022年北京卷】Why do humans prefer some smells over others One theory, increasingly ____14____ (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned.
2021年
1.【2021新高考1卷】Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 8 (ache) legs.
2.【2021.1 浙江卷】In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 7 (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.
3．【2021年天津卷第一次】While rock-climbing, you need to remain very ________ so that you won't make any dangerous errors.
A．satisfied B．focused C．amused D．delighted
2020年
2.【2020年新课标Ⅰ】 I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook. My mom told me how to preparing it.
3.【2020年新课标Ⅱ】 They make great gifs and you see them many times 65. (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
5.【2020年新课标Ⅲ】My mom is really concerning with the health of everyone in our families.
6.【2020年浙江卷1月】The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are large___60___(compare)to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes___older 61___(old)than before.
7.【2020年北京卷】A piece of stone___8___(find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought.
8. 【2020年天津卷第一次】___________in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world.
A. Having completed B. Being completed
C. Completed D. Completing
9.【2020年江苏卷】 Technological innovations, ____ good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.
A. combined with B. combining with C. having combined with D. to be combined with
2019
1.【2019年全国卷Ⅱ】 One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor. 2.【2019年北京卷】Earth Day，___4___(mark)on 22 April，is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.
3.【2018年浙江卷11月】 Larger amounts of caffeine can cause a problem _____62_____(call) caffeinism. You get very nervous and you can’t sleep.
4.【2019年天津卷】Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially ___________ to help them succeed academically and personally.
A. designed B. designing
C. to design D. being designed
2018
1.【2018年北京卷】 Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.
A. used B. to use C. using D. use
2. 【2018年天津卷】I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs___________.
A. taking B. taken
C. being taken D. take
2017
【2017年新课标Ⅲ卷】About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club.
【2017年浙江卷】 Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 　63　(sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, 　where64　it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it.
3.【2017年北京卷】 Jim has retired, but he still remember the happy time ___________ with his students.
A. to spend B. spend C. spending D. spent
2016
【2016年新课标Ⅰ卷】 But my connection with pandas goes back to 64 my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, when65 I was the first Western TV reporter 66 (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.
2.【2016年新课标Ⅰ卷】 Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking.
3. 【2016年北京卷】________ over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.
A. Ordering B. To order C. Having ordered D. Ordered
4.【2016年江苏卷】In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message _________ within the work.
A. to hide B. hidden C. hiding D. being hidden
考点03 非谓语动词 -动词不定式
1.（2025年全国一卷）“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We hope ____58____ (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.”
2.（2025年全国二卷） Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing. denying me the chance ____42____ (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. ...
3.（2025年1月浙江卷）Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women ____60____ (rent) rather than purchase them outright providing a less expensive ____61solution____ (solve) to one-time event dressing. ...
2024年
1.【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】These sepals open on warm days ____58____ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.
2.【2024全国甲卷】Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend ____41____（catch）our attention because of their large size and variety.
3.【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international ___42___ (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___43___ (find)the connection between the two great writers.
4.【2024北京卷】 Slowing down can contribute significantly to personal growth. Taking the time ___11___ (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of ___12___ (self-aware).
4.【2024浙江1月卷】The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra ____36____ (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense.
2023年
1.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】To eat one, you have to decide whether ____37____ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), ____or38____ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
2.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of ____their42____ (they) contents.
3.【2023年全国甲卷】For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) ___41___ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom
4.【2023年北京卷】She called for action ____19____(address)the struggles of people around the world ____20____(face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running through a global campaign called“Run Blue”.
2022年
1.【2022新高考I卷】The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___________ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
2.【2022全国甲卷】A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
3.【2022全国乙卷】__________ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, ____ inviting______ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
4.【2022年浙江卷1月】That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans ____________（continue） the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding. ", she says, "a really positive change."
5.【2022年新高考2卷】Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___39___ (see) them.
6.【2022年北京卷】As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention ____12____ (harm) her, Helen started to run.
7.【2022年天津卷第二次】________ his restless students occupied with an indoor sport on rainy days, James Naismith created basketball.
A. To be kept B. Kept C. To keep D. Keeping
2021年
1.【2021全国甲卷】 It is possible 3 (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
2.【2021全国乙卷】Activitithere range from whale watching to hiking （远足） and accommodations aim 10 (have) a low impact on the natural environment.
3.【2021.6 浙江卷】Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over 8 (plant) flowers in the front yard.
2020年
1.【2020年新课标Ⅰ】 Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66. (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. ＂
2.【2020年新课标Ⅰ】 My mom told me how to preparing it.
3.【2020年新课标Ⅱ】They are easy 68. (care) for and make great presents.
4.【2020年新课标Ⅲ】 The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67. (find) the well-known painter.
5.【2020年新课标Ⅲ】 I tell my mom that if we’re forced eat things, we may become ill.
6.【2020年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷(海南卷)】These days, it is not unusual for 10-to 12-year-olds to publish their own websites or for second and third graders____36____（begin）computer classes.
7.【2020年北京卷】 It takes them hundreds of years___5___(break) down.
8.【2020年浙江卷7月】Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology ___60___(change)lives.
9. 【2020年天津卷第一次】The local government doesn't have to sacrifice environmental protection ____________ economic growth.
A. to be promoted B. being promoted C. promoting D. to promote
2019
1.【2019年全国卷 Ⅰ】Modem methods ___of/for 63___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___64___ (perform) consistently over a large area. ...
2.【2019年全国卷III】 On our way to the house，it was raining __so_61___ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take ___62___ (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
3.【2019年全国卷III】I've had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to opens a cafe....
4.【2019年浙江卷6月】But some students didn't want ___63___ (wear) the uniform.
5.【2018年浙江卷11月】 One study showed that _____women64_____(woman) who drank a lot of coffee, like eight or more cups per day, while they were pregnant were more likely ________65________(have) children with birth defects.
6.【2019年江苏卷】___________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.
A. To enjoy B. Enjoying C. To have enjoyed D. Enjoy
2018
1.【2018年全国Ⅰ卷】 You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of dying 63 (die) early by running.
3.【2018年全国Ⅱ卷】Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice ___64___ (improve) water quality....
4.【2018年全国Ⅱ卷】 As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me.
5.【2018年全国Ⅲ卷】Once his message was delivered, he allowed me ____70____ (stay)and watch.
6.【2018年全国Ⅲ卷】Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity, others were nervous and anxious.
7.【2018年北京卷】 During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.
A. share B. to share C. having shared D. shared
2017
1.【2017年新课标Ⅰ卷】 Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions....
2.【2017年新课标Ⅰ卷】The instructor kept repeating the words, ＂Speed up!＂ ＂Slow down!＂ ＂Turning left!＂ 3.【2017年浙江卷】Sixteen years 　60　(early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 　61　(cook) a meal.
4.【2017年北京卷】Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online ___________ their valuable time.
A. save B. saving C. to save D. saved
5. 【2017年天津卷】I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ___________.
A. catching B. caught C. to catch D. to be caught
2016
【2016年新课标Ⅱ卷】If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely 　49　(bring) your work home.
2.【2016年新课标Ⅲ卷】Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 63 (create) special designs....
3.【2016年新课标Ⅲ卷】I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.
4.【2016年四川卷】She was a very 　caring/careful 63　 (care) mother. For 25 days, she never left her baby, not even to find something 　64　 (eat)! She would not let any other pandas come near.
5.【2016年浙江卷】 He would ask who we was and pretend not to knowing us.
6. 【2016年北京卷】_______ it easier to get in touch with us, you’d better keep this card at hand.
A. Made B. Make C. Making D. To make
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)专题05 非谓语动词
考点 十年考情（2016-2025） 命题趋势
考点01 1V-ing （10年40考） 2025 全国一卷考查动名词 present； 2024 新课标Ⅰ卷考查动名词 giving； 2023 年全国乙卷考查动名词 built； 2022 新高考 I 卷考查动名词Covering 。 V-ing 形式的考查主要集中在以下几个方面：一是作状语；二是作定语，修饰名词，表示主动或正在进行的动作；三是作宾语，用于某些固定动词或短语后；四是构成独立主格结构。
考点02 V-ed （10年35考） 2025 全国二卷考查过去分词 left； 2024 全国甲卷考查过去分词 inspired；2023 年全国乙卷考查过去分词 amazed； 2022 新高考 I 卷考查过去分词 Inspired V-ed 形式的考查主要集中在以下几个方面：一是作定语，修饰名词，表示被动或完成的动作；二是作状语，表示被动或完成的动作，常用于分词短语作状语的结构；三是作宾语补足语，用于某些固定动词或短语后；四是用于被动语态中，表示动作的承受者。
考点03不定式 （10年50考） 2025 全国一卷考查不定式 to present；2024 新课标Ⅰ卷考查不定式 to give；2023 年全国乙卷考查不定式 to plant；2022 新高考 I 卷考查不定式 to increase 等 不定式形式的考查主要集中在以下几个方面：一是作宾语，用于某些固定动词或短语后；二是作定语，修饰名词，表示将来的动作或目的；三是作状语，表示目的、原因等；四是作宾语补足语，用于某些固定动词或短语后；五是用于某些固定句式。
考点01 非谓语动词V-ing
1.（2025年北京卷）When ____17____ (travel), we engage with cultures and experiences.
【答案】17. traveling
【解析】考查非谓语动词之现在分词作状语。句意：旅行时，我们接触不同文化和体验不同经历。句子主语“we”与“travel”之间是主动关系，用现在分词，构成“when+现在分词”的状语从句省略结构。故填traveling。
2.（2025年1月浙江卷）Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women ____60____ (rent) rather than purchase them outright providing a less expensive ____61solution____ (solve) to one-time event dressing. ...
“I really want to make this work for ____64people’s____ (people) lives today, and I know that doesn’t always mean _____65_____ (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says.
【答案】60. to rent 65. returning
【解析】考查非谓语动词之不定式作定语。句意：坦尼娅的店提供女性时尚服装供租赁，而不是让她们直接购买，为一次性活动着装提供了一个更便宜的解决方案。“for women (rent)”作后置定语，修饰名词词组fashion clothes，意为“女性租赁的衣服”，用不定式to rent作后置定语，主动表被动。故填to rent。
【解析】考查非谓语动词之动名词作宾语。句意：我真的想让这个(服装租赁服务)适合如今人们的生活，我知道这并不总是意味着在一个特别的周末后的周一归还礼服。根据句意，表示“意味着……”，用固定搭配mean doing sth.，意为“意味着做某事”，用动名词作宾语。故填returning。
2024年
1.【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】__44___ (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ____and45____ see how Tang’s play was being performed.”
44.【答案】Recalling
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版，并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时，Edmondson说：“听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，非常激动人心。”非谓语动词担当状语，主语“Edmondson”和动词“recall”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式担当状语；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Recalling。
2.【2024北京卷】 Just then, some kids ran at him, ___19___ (knock) his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass.
【19题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：就在这时，一些孩子朝他跑来，把他的书从他怀里撞了出来。句中已有谓语ran，空处作非谓语动词，knock与逻辑主语some kids之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式knocking作状语。故填knocking。
2023年
1.【2023年全国乙卷】As a photographer, I have spent the last two years ___48___ (record) everything I discovered.
【48题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名摄影师，我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语，用动名词形式。故填recording。
2.【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】They talk to the flood of international tourists and to ___40___ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
【40题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈，这些管理员经常来检查从中国租借来的大熊猫。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，且与visit为逻辑上的主谓关系。故填visiting。
3.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ____rarely44____ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left _____45_____ (want) more next time.
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。分析句子可知，此处考查“leave sb+宾语补足语”，本句是被动语态，want是主语补足语，根据句意，I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系，用现在分词wanting。故填wanting。
4.【2023年全国甲卷】“There was once a town in the heart of America, __where_44___ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, ___45___ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables.
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。
5.【2023年北京卷】She called for action ____19____(address)the struggles of people around the world ____20____(face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running through a global campaign called“Run Blue”.
【答案】to address
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知address在句中作目的状语，故用不定式。故填to address。
【答案】facing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知face与逻辑主语people构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语，故填facing。
2022年
1.【2022新高考I卷】__________ (cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
答案：Covering
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。设空处在句中作非谓语，cover和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词的形式作状语，首字母大写。故填Covering。
2.【2022全国甲卷】He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, __________ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
答案：planning
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。分析句子可知，已有谓语动词flew，所以动词plan(计划)应用非谓语动词形式，plan与主语He之间为逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动。故填planning。
3.【2022全国乙卷】_____To strengthen_____ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, __________ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
答案： inviting
解析：考查非谓语动词 句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。此处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语the event与invite之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填inviting。
5.【2022年新高考2卷】Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1. 2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___36___ (fall) child.
答案：falling
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时，他跑了100米，跳过了1. 2米高的栅栏，伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，fall为动词，意为“掉落”， child和fall之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。
6.【2022年天津卷第二次】The city temperatures have returned from record low to normal, ________ the citizens to enjoy the outdoors again.
A. allowing B. being allowed
C. having allowed D. having been allowed
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个城市的温度已经从历史最低温度回归正常，使得人们又重新开始享受户外活动。分析句子可知，句子谓语动词是have returned，allow用非谓语动词形式作状语，根据句意，表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，故选A。
2021年
1.【2021新高考1卷】Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 8 (ache) legs.
【答案】aching
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，因为名词legs与动词ache为主动关系，所以此处应该填现在分词作定语修饰 legs。故填aching。
2.【2021全国甲卷】After 4 (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!
【答案】spending
【解析】考查非谓语动词。After 介词后加doing形式，故填spending。
3.【2021全国乙卷】Minimize the impact of 7 (visit) the place.
【答案】visiting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析题目，句子中已经有一个谓语动词，判断空格处填非谓语动词。空处作介词of的宾语，所以应使用动名词作介词宾语。句意：最小化参观一个地方的影响。故填visiting。
4.【2021.1 浙江卷】
This may be due to some disadvantages for people 9 (live) in the countryside, including lower levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
【答案】 living
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这可能是因为住在乡村的人们的条件不好。分析句子结构可知 live in the countryside是people的后置定语，动词分词作定语且live与逻辑主语people是主动关系, 故答案为living。
5．【2021年天津卷第一次】China's National Highway 318, ________ over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai to Zhangmu, Tibet, is known as the "heavenly road“ for its amazing views.
A．to extend B．extended C．extending D．being extended
【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的国道318号，从上海到西藏樟木，延伸出5000多公里，因为它的令人赞叹的景观，被熟知为“天堂之路”。分析句子成分可知，is known as是整个句子的谓语动词，所以空格处应填非谓语动词，extend与主语China's National Highway 318之间的关系为主动，所以用extending。故选C。
2020年
1.【2020年新课标Ⅰ】 I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook. My mom told me how to preparing it.
2.考查非谓语动词。句意：我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋。动词fry与tomatoes之间是动宾关系，所以此处应用过去分词作定语，故将frying改为fried。
3.考查情态动词用法。句意：并且我认为它一定很简单。must是情态动词，后接动词原形，to多余，故将to去掉。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意：我妈妈告诉我如何准备这道菜。分析句子可知，“how+不定式”作told的宾语，to是不定式符号，后应接动词原形，故将preparing改为prepare。
3.【2020年新课标Ⅱ】They represent the earth 63. (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
...
63. 考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent，所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth与come back to之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填coming。
4.【2020年新课标Ⅲ】 And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds69. (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.
69. 考查非谓语动词。句意：当他看到雾气从河上升起，山顶上乌云环绕，他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结构可知，the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops是独立主格结构做状语，surround在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。
5.【2020年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷（山东卷）】Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine 42. (they) living at a different time in history or 43. (walk)through a rainforest.
42. 考查反身代词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。故填themselves。
43. 考查非谓语动词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与living是并列成分，共同做imagine的宾补，imagine sb doing sth. “想象某人做某事”。故填walking。
6.【2020年浙江卷7月】 Later，they learned to work with the ___seasons62___ (season)，planting at the right time and，in dry areas， ___63___ (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.
【63题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，make所处的分句中无主语，故此处需用非谓语动词。make use of和逻辑主语they之间表示“主动”关系。所以此处用现在分词形式（doing）形式做状语。故填making。
7. 【2020年江苏卷】The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s, ______ a new generation of virtual reality.
A. allowing for B. accounting for C. calling for D. compensating for
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:6G的速度将超过125 GB/s，使得新一代的虚拟现实成为可能。A. allowing for使……成为可能，促进……的发生；B. accounting for解释；C. calling for需要，要求；呼吁；D. compensating for补偿。根据空前The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s可知，125 GB/s 的6G速度将使得新一代的虚拟现实成为可能。故选A。
2019
1.【2019年全国卷 Ⅰ】 Scientists have responded by ___67___ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ___68___ (high) than they actually are.
67. noting【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词by可知，此处用动名词主动形式，故填noting。
68. higher【解析】考查形容词比较级。根据其后than they actually are可知，此处为形容词的比较级，故填higher。
2.【2019年全国卷 Ⅰ】 All the football player on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football.
第七处：【解析】考查名词的数。“player（运动员）”为可数名词，所以all（所有的）后需要用player的复数形式。故将player改为players。
第八处：【解析】考查现在分词。本句句意：操场上所有的足球运动员大声欢呼，说我有足球天赋。句中谓语动词为cheered，say在这里作伴随状语。与主语players是主动关系，故将say改为saying。
3.【2019年全国卷Ⅱ】A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for ___61___ (be)Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. ...
When we got a call ___68___ (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was ___69___ joke.
61.【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。
68.【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式saying作后置定语，解释名词call的内容，call与say是主动关系，故填saying。
4.【2019年全国卷III】 On the last day of our week-long stay，we __were invited_69___(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，___70___ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
70.listening【解析】考查分词。本句谓语动词为“were invited”，所以70题空格处动词listen应用非谓语动词形式。听音乐这个动作是由we发出的，所以选用现在分词形式。也可由and前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题，and后meeting interesting locals为分词形式，故空格处填listening。
5.【2019年全国卷III】If I succeed in manage one, I will open more.
第八处：【解析】考查动词的固定搭配。succeed in doing something“成功的做了某事”。故把manage 改为managing。
6.【2019年北京卷】Nervously ___2___ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to __ myself_3___(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.
答案】 2. facing
2.考查非谓语动词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。分析句式可知，此处是做句子的状语，要用非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是I，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填facing。
7.【2019年浙江卷6月】 When the children are walking or ___59___ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can ___60___ (easy) see them....
59. cycling【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时，汽车司机很容易看到它们。or连接两个并列成分，根据or前的walking可知，此处要用cycling。故填cycling。
60. easily【解析】考查副词。分析句式可知，设空处所给词是修饰动词see，修饰动词要用副词，因此，用easy的副词形式。故填easily。
8.【2019年江苏卷】China's image is improving steadily, with more countries__________ its role in international affairs.
A. recognizing B. being recognized C. to be recognized D. recognized
32.A【解析】考查with复合结构。句意：中国的形象正在稳步提升，更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。“更多的国家”和“认识”之间是主动关系，用with + 名词 + 现在分词结构，故选A。
9.【2019年天津卷】____________ to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future.
A. Learn B. Learned
C. Learning D. Having learned
【答案】C
【解析】考查动名词。句意：学会批判性思维是当代小孩未来所必需的重要技能。句子缺少主语成分，而过去分词、动词都不可以做主语。此处用动名词做主语，故选C。
2018
1.【2018年全国Ⅰ卷】 You don’t have to run fast or for long to see 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.
63.dying 考查动名词。你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然通过跑步会减少早亡的风险。此处of是介词，其后用动名词。故填dying。
2.【2018年全国Ⅰ卷】 My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish.
7.sell改成selling 考查动名词。去年夏天他们通过卖鱼挣了一大笔钱。此处介词by后用动名词，故用selling。
3.【2018年全国Ⅱ卷】China's approach to protecting its environment while ___70___ (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
70. 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国在养活了中国人民的同时又保护了环境。这一做法为全世界的农业和粮食政策制定人提供了很有用的经验。空格处表示正在进行的动作，while后面省略掉了China is，省略句的原则：在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、，让步状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且含有be动词时，那么可以把主语和be动词一块省略。故填feeding。
5.【2018年全国Ⅲ卷】I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ____64____(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel____challenged 65____(challenge).
64. 考查动词。动词avoid后要加doing。此处表示避免直接看他的眼睛。用looking。
6.【2018年全国Ⅲ卷】It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin. Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud.
第一处：考查时态构成。根据语境可知，句子用过去完成时，过去完成时的构成是had done，所以begin要改为begun。
第二处：考查非谓语动词。根据句子成分分析，本句有谓语为was，而且没有连词，与主语是主动关系，所以wait 要用非谓语waiting，表伴随。
7.【2018年浙江卷6月】I still remember 59 (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I 60 (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
59.visiting 【解析】考查动词形式。此处指我记得去拜访一个在这里住了五年的朋友，表示记得做过某事用remember doing sth.， 故填visiting。
60. was shocked. 【解析】考查形容词。此处表示我感到很震惊。shock的主语是I,用形容词和系动词组成系表结构，表示过去发生的事，系动词用过去式。故填was shocked。
8.【2018年北京卷】 _________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience
A. Travel B. Traveling C. Having traveled D. Traveled
【答案】B
【解析】考查动名词。句意：沿着丝绸之路旅行是一次既有趣又有益的经历。“____ along the old Silk Road”做主语，要用动名词，故B选项正确。
点睛：动名词是动词-ing形式的一种，兼有动词和名词特征。在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语。
2017
1.【2017年新课标Ⅰ卷】 Fast food ___ is 67___ (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
68. eating 考查动名词。句意：通过吃更多的快餐，人们将在饮食中摄入超过需求量的脂肪和盐。根据前文
2.【2017年新课标Ⅰ卷】The instructor kept repeating the word, ＂Speed up!＂ ＂Slow down!＂ ＂Turning left!＂
第五处：word改为words 考查单复数。句意：教练一直喊＂加速！＂＂减速！＂＂左转！＂。word＂单词，消息＂，words 可以表示为word的复数，也表示某人说的话，这里指教练说的那些话，故将word改为words。
第六处：Turning改为Turn 考查非谓语动词。分析语境可知教练的话＂加速＂，＂减速＂，＂左转＂都是祈使句，根据前文＂Speed up!＂ ＂Slow down!＂也可以看得出来。祈使句应该用动词原形，故将Turning改为Turn。
3.【2017年新课标Ⅱ卷】 This included digging up the road, 　63　(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 　the64　top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.
63. laying【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,该句的主语为This,谓语动词included后由and连接了三个动名词短语作宾语。故填laying。该句中的 lay不是与前面的谓语动词included并列,而是与digging up和building并列。句式结构的分析是解答该题的关键。
4.【2017年新课标Ⅲ卷】 But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 (rest). ...
61. resting 考查非谓语动词。固定短语：spend time doing sth. 花费时间做某事。
5. 【2017年北京卷】The national park has a large collection of wildlife, ___________ from butterflies to elephants.
A. ranging B. range C. to range D. ranged
【答案】A
【解析】句意：国家公园有许多的野生动物，包括从蝴蝶到大象等等。此处野生动物和range之间是主动关系，用现在分词，故选A。
考点：考查非谓语动词。
6. 【2017年江苏卷】Many Chinese brands, ____________ their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.
A. having developed B. being developed C. developed D. developing
【答案】21. A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。brands是逻辑主语，和develop是主谓关系，所以用现在分词，表示伴随状况；再根据＂over centuries＂可知，应该使用现在分词的完成式，故选A。
考点：考查非谓语动词
7. 【2017年天津卷】The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ___________ more patients to be treated.
A. being allowed B. allowing C. having allowed D. allowed
【答案】B
【解析】句意：近期这个医院得到了新的医疗设备，更多的病人能够得到治疗。前句这个医院得到了新的医疗设备和后面更多的病人能够得到治疗之间是必然的因果关系，用现在分词作结果状语，表示顺理成章的结果。equipment与allow之间为主动关系，故用现在分词的一般式。A. being allowed 表示被动且正在进行；C. having allowed 强调先于谓语动作发生；D. allowed 表示被动且完成。故选B。
2016
1.【2016年新课标Ⅰ卷】My ambassadorial duties will include 67 (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.
67. introducing考查现在分词。介词后面用动名词。
2.【2016年新课标Ⅰ卷】 Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking.
75. or→ and 从句意判断是并列关系，把or改为and。
76. using →used 此处表示被动含义，be used for＂被用来去做＂。
3.【2016年新课标Ⅱ卷】If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely 　49　(bring) your work home.
49. to bring
考查非谓语动词。固定短语be likely to do sth.意为"可能做某事",故填to bring。
4.【2016年新课标Ⅱ卷】We can chose between staying at home and take a trip.
第二处：chose→choose 考查句中结构。情态动词后接动词原形故要把chose改为choose。
第三处：take→taking 考查并列结构。本句中动名词短语staying at home与taking a trip构成并列关系，故要把take改为taking。
5.【2016年新课标Ⅲ卷】The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, __64__ (use) twigs(树枝) to remove it.
64.using
【解析】考查非谓语动词。人们可能使用大锅煮食物，用树枝搅拌食物，use的逻辑主语是People，两者之间是主动关系，用现在分词表示伴随状况，故填using。
6.【2016年新课标Ⅲ卷】I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.
第八处：wear改为wearing。考查动名词作宾语。介词后面应用动名词形式作宾语。
7.【2016年四川卷】She was a very 　63　 (care) mother. For 25 days, she never left her baby, not even to find something 　to eat 64　 (eat)! She would not let any other pandas come near.
63.caring/careful 此处是现在分词或形容词作定语，放在名词前面，故填caring/careful。
8. 【2016年浙江卷】I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do _________ with students.
A. Working B. work C. to work D. worked
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我在海上航行和现在和学生一起工作一样快乐。have fun doing sth.做某事很开心，as I now do working with students补充完整为as I now have fun working with students。故选A。
10. 【2016年天津卷】The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, _____________ air conditioning unnecessary.
A. making B. to make C. made D. being made
【答案】A
【解析】句意：冷风从我们卧室的窗户吹进来，使得没有必要开空调了。前面的事情造成后面的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。不定式也可以作结果状语，但是那是出乎预料的结果。故选A。
11. 【2016年北京卷】Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, ________ the old town into a dreamland.
A. turn B. turning C. to turn D. turned
【答案】B
【解析】考查现在分词表伴随状况。句意：新建的木屋林立在街道的两旁，使古镇变成了一个梦幻之地。turn的逻辑主语是cottages，两者是主动关系，故用现在分词，表示主动和伴随，故选B。
考点：考查现在分词
考点02 非谓语动词V-ed
1.（2025年全国二卷） If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt ____45____ (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders.
【答案】 42. to discover 45. left
【解析】考查非谓语动词之不定式作定语。句意：在我的成长过程中，我的家人和邻居从不使用晾衣绳晾晒衣物，这让我没有机会发现阳光的奇妙之处之一——将衣服晒了一整天后散发的甜美的“阳光的味道”。本句已有谓语used，此处应用非谓语动词， chance to do sth.“做某事的机会”,本空用discover的不定式，作定语。故填to discover。
【解析】考查非谓语动词之过去分词作定语。句意：如果你从未体验过在阳光下晾晒了一整天的床单或衬衫散发的“阳光的味道”，那么你就错过了生活中的一大奇观。本句已有谓语have experienced，此处应用非谓语动词，a sheet or shirt和leave“使处于某种状态”之间是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填left。
2.（2025年北京卷） When Nick runs ahead, I hear him barking excitedly. I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone ____12____ (scare).
【答案】 12. scared
【解析】考查非谓语动词之过去分词作宾补。句意：我有时会把他叫回来，担心他可能会吓到别人。“have sb. done”表示 “使某人被……”，“someone”与“scare”之间是被动关系，即某人被吓到，用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填scared。
2024年
1.【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___40___ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, ___41___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
40.【答案】inspired
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“a six-meter-tall pavilion”和动词“inspire”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填inspired。
41.【答案】was built
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Two years later”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”，单数，和动词“build”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was built。
2.【2024浙江1月卷】If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets ____have started42____ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs ____43____ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份).
【43题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。动词design意为“设计”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语packs构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填designed。
2023年
1.【2023年全国乙卷】Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong ____to41____ royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully ____42____ (build) system of ring roads.
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，狭窄的胡同和皇家宫殿，它是3000多年辉煌历史的家园，即使是在它的布局上，这座城市也保持着精心建造的环城公路系统。这里为非谓语动词担当定语，表示“精心建造的……”，和被修饰词“system of ring roads”之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填built。
2.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Shanghai may be the ____39____ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace.
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡，但美食历史学家会告诉你，邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。空格在名词home前面作定语，recognize与home是逻辑上动宾关系，需填过去分词recognized作定语，recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语。故填recognized。
3.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of ____42____ (they) contents.
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift out与宾语them（指代小笼包）是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
4.【2023年全国甲卷】Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message ___46___ (intend) for everyone.
【46题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在简洁的风格背后，是每个人都想要传达的严肃信息。be intended for打算为……所用，在句中作定语，所以用过去分词形式。故填intended。
5.【2023年浙江1月卷】In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, 58 (surround)in concentric(同心的)circles by the Inner City and Outer City.
【答案】surrounded
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在明朝，紫禁城是中心，它被由内层和外层构成的同心圆包围。分析句子结构，was是谓语动词，空格处需要填非谓语动词作后置定语，主语the Forbidden City和surround之间是动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填surrounded。
6.【2023年北京卷】When ____14____(see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid.
【答案】seen
【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：从远处看，红树林显得更加壮观。逗号前面是when引导的状语从句的省略，当状语从句和主句主语是同一主语时，且从句含有be动词，从句可以省略主语和be动词。在从句中，主语为the mangrove forests，和动词see是被动关系，从句应用一般现在时的被动语态，完整形式为when they are seen from afar，省略主语和be动词，故填seen。
2022年
1.【2022全国甲卷】Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___________ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road.
答案：held
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹决定徒步穿越这条路线，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词decided，所以hold应用非谓语动词形式，hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，表被动。故填held。
2.【2022年北京卷】Why do humans prefer some smells over others One theory, increasingly ____14____ (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned.
14.【解析】
考查非谓语动词。句意：被专家越来越多地支持的一个理论表明气味的偏好是习得的。分析句子结构可知，空格处的动词做非谓语，结合空格后的by experts可判断出该处意为“被专家们支持”，所以空格处应用过去分词表被动。故填supported。
2021年
1.【2021新高考1卷】Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 8 (ache) legs.
【答案】aching
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，因为名词legs与动词ache为主动关系，所以此处应该填现在分词作定语修饰 legs。故填aching。
2.【2021.1 浙江卷】In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 7 (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.
【答案】studied
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：1985年，这个国家3/4的城市里的被调查男女的BMI值比偏远山区的男女数值高。分析句子结构可知study做urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries的定语，动词分词做定语与逻辑主语是被动关系，故答案为 studied。
3．【2021年天津卷第一次】While rock-climbing, you need to remain very ________ so that you won't make any dangerous errors.
A．satisfied B．focused C．amused D．delighted
【答案】B
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在攀岩的时候，你需要保持非常专注，这样你就不会犯任何危险的错误。A. satisfied满意的；B. focused专注的；C. amused被逗乐的；D. delighted高兴的。根据后文“so that you won't make any dangerous errors”可知要想不犯任何危险的错误，攀岩的时候需要保持专注，focused符合语境。故选B。
2020年
2.【2020年新课标Ⅰ】 I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook. My mom told me how to preparing it.
2.考查非谓语动词。句意：我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋。动词fry与tomatoes之间是动宾关系，所以此处应用过去分词作定语，故将frying改为fried。
3.考查情态动词用法。句意：并且我认为它一定很简单。must是情态动词，后接动词原形，to多余，故将to去掉。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意：我妈妈告诉我如何准备这道菜。分析句子可知，“how+不定式”作told的宾语，to是不定式符号，后应接动词原形，故将preparing改为prepare。
3.【2020年新课标Ⅱ】 They make great gifs and you see them many times 65. (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
65. decorated考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them与 “decorate”（装饰）之间为被动关系，即 “物品被用红包和祝福信息装饰”，因此需用过去分词 “decorated”。
5.【2020年新课标Ⅲ】My mom is really concerning with the health of everyone in our families.
第一处：考查固定短语。句意：我的妈妈真的关心我们家庭里每个人的健康。be concerned with关心，该短语是固定短语，所以concerning改成concerned。
第二处：考查名词单复数。句意同上。family当“家庭”讲时，是集合名词，这里表示“我们一个家庭”，所以用单数，families改成family。
6.【2020年浙江卷1月】The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are large___60___(compare)to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes___older 61___(old)than before.
【60题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：首先是出生率的下降，这意味着老一代比年轻一代人口多，因此，平均而言，人口比以前老龄化。短语be compared to“与……相比；与某事相提并论”，故填compared。
7.【2020年北京卷】A piece of stone___8___(find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought.
【8题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明，我们已经灭绝的人类亲戚尼安德特人比我们之前认为的更聪明。句子的谓语为suggests，设空处在句中作非谓语和逻辑主语之间是逻辑的被动关系。故答案为found。
8. 【2020年天津卷第一次】___________in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world.
A. Having completed B. Being completed
C. Completed D. Completing
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：1931年完工的帝国大厦是1954年之前最高的摩天大楼，它激发了全世界的想象力。句中谓语动词是inspired，此处用非谓语动词。主语the Empire State Building和动词complete是被动关系，用过去分词作状语。A项是现在分词的完成式，不表被动。B项是doing的被动式。故选C。
9.【2020年江苏卷】 Technological innovations, ____ good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.
A. combined with B. combining with C. having combined with D. to be combined with
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:技术创新与良好的市场营销相结合，将促进这些产品的销售。此处是短语:be combined with“与……结合/联合”，本句中省略be动词，使用过去分词做状语。故选A。
2019
1.【2019年全国卷Ⅱ】 One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor.
第八处：【解析】考查形容词用法。“amaze（使惊奇；使惊愕）”形容词形式有amazed（大为惊奇）与amazing（令人大为惊奇的）。本句话中主语为I，句意:病人看完医生就会感觉好很多，对此我感到惊奇，而不是我令别人惊奇。故将amazing改为amazed。
第九处：【解析】考查形容词比较级。句中better为well（健康；身体好）的比较级形式，多音节的形容词或副词构成比较级用more 加形容词或副词，即more不能与berrer连用。故将more去掉。
2.【2019年北京卷】Earth Day，___4___(mark)on 22 April，is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.
【答案】4. marked
4.考查非谓语动词。句意：地球日于4月22日举行，是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度活动。分析句式可知，设空处是要做名词Earth Day的后置定语，且与其之间是被动关系，要用过去分词。故填marked。
3.【2018年浙江卷11月】 Larger amounts of caffeine can cause a problem _____62_____(call) caffeinism. You get very nervous and you can’t sleep.
62．考查过去分词。句中problem和动词call是被动关系，指这种问题被叫做caffeinism。此处用过去分词表被动，作problem的定语，故填called。
4.【2019年天津卷】Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially ___________ to help them succeed academically and personally.
A. designed B. designing
C. to design D. being designed
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。 a course 和 design之间是动宾关系，所以用过去分词。故选A。 句意：现在大多数大学都为一年级学生开设了一门课程，专门帮助他们在学业和个人方面取得成功。
2018
1.【2018年北京卷】 Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.
A. used B. to use C. using D. use
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果正确使用的话，普通的肥皂可以有效地处理细菌。Ordinary soap can deal with bacterial effectively是主句，_________ correctly是非限制性定语，修饰ordinary soap，ordinary soap和use之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词，A选项正确。
点睛：过去分词可以做定语，和所修饰的名词之间是被动关系。过去分词可以做状语，和主句主语之间是被动关系。总之，过去分词所表示的一个含义就是“被动”。
2. 【2018年天津卷】I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs___________.
A. taking B. taken
C. being taken D. take
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我需要一个新护照，所以我将不得不拍照片。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语，宾语my photograph与补足语之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。C项表示正在进行。故选B。
点睛：本题考查的非谓语动词为高中重点语法之一。在分析题目的时候，首先要抓住非谓语动词在句中所作的成分，找出该非谓语动词所对应的逻辑主语，再分析二者之间的关系，最后根据句意选择正确的答案。
2017
1.【2017年新课标Ⅲ卷】About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club.
第四处：took→taken 考查动词。根据句意可知此处表示被动含义，故把took改为taken。
第五处：become→became 考查动词时态。根据and前面的动词entered判断该句应该用一般过去时。
2.【2017年浙江卷】 Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 　63　(sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, 　where64　it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it.
63. swept 【解析】考查动词。ring与sweep之间是被动关系，要用被动语态。故填swept。
3.【2017年北京卷】 Jim has retired, but he still remember the happy time ___________ with his students.
A. to spend B. spend C. spending D. spent
【答案】D
【解析】句意：Jim已经退休了，但是他依然记得和学生一起度过的快乐时光。句子已经有了谓语，空格只能填非谓语动词，逻辑主语是time，和spend之间是被动关系，故用过去分词spent。
2016
【2016年新课标Ⅰ卷】 But my connection with pandas goes back to 64 my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, when65 I was the first Western TV reporter 66 (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.
66. permitted 考查过去分词。被修饰名词和permit之间是被动关系，用过去分词。
2.【2016年新课标Ⅰ卷】 Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking.
75. or→ and 从句意判断是并列关系，把or改为and。
76. using →used 此处表示被动含义，be used for＂被用来去做＂。
3. 【2016年北京卷】________ over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.
A. Ordering B. To order C. Having ordered D. Ordered
【答案】D
【解析】题目考查过去分词作状语。句意：(因为)那些书是一周多之前订的，现在随时有可能送到。books和order是动宾关系，即order the books/the books are ordered，故用过去分词表示被动和完成，在此相当于原因状语从句because they were ordered...，故选D。
考点：考查过去分词作状语
4.【2016年江苏卷】In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message _________ within the work.
A. to hide B. hidden C. hiding D. being hidden
【答案】B
【解析】试题分析：考查分词作定语。相当于定语从句that is hidden within the work。A、C项表示主动含义，D项表示正在进行，与语境不符。故B项正确。
考点03 非谓语动词 -动词不定式
1.（2025年全国一卷）“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We hope ____58____ (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.”
【答案】 58. to present
【解析】考查非谓语动词之不定式作宾语。句意：我们希望在一个视觉语境中呈现相当抽象的围棋游戏和人工智能，并与极简主义艺术、观念艺术和表现主义展开对话。本句谓语为hope，此处为非谓语动词，hope to do sth.“希望做某事”，所以此处需用动词present“呈现”的不定式，作宾语。故填to present。
2.（2025年全国二卷） Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing. denying me the chance ____42____ (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. ...
【答案】 42. to discover
【解析】考查非谓语动词之不定式作定语。句意：在我的成长过程中，我的家人和邻居从不使用晾衣绳晾晒衣物，这让我没有机会发现阳光的奇妙之处之一——将衣服晒了一整天后散发的甜美的“阳光的味道”。本句已有谓语used，此处应用非谓语动词， chance to do sth.“做某事的机会”,本空用discover的不定式，作定语。故填to discover。
3.（2025年1月浙江卷）Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women ____60____ (rent) rather than purchase them outright providing a less expensive ____61solution____ (solve) to one-time event dressing. ...
【答案】60. to rent
【解析】考查非谓语动词之不定式作定语。句意：坦尼娅的店提供女性时尚服装供租赁，而不是让她们直接购买，为一次性活动着装提供了一个更便宜的解决方案。“for women (rent)”作后置定语，修饰名词词组fashion clothes，意为“女性租赁的衣服”，用不定式to rent作后置定语，主动表被动。故填to rent。
2024年
1.【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】These sepals open on warm days ____58____ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.
58.【答案】to give
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：温室在温暖日子里开放，利用液压系统为内部植物提供阳光和通风。use sth. to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“使用某物去做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式作宾语补足语。故填to give。
2.【2024全国甲卷】Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend ____41____（catch）our attention because of their large size and variety.
【答案】to catch
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管村子任何层级的各种规模和类型的公园，但特别是国家公园，由于其规模大、种类多，往往会引起我们的注意。固定搭配：tend to do sth.，表示“倾向于做某事”，不定式作宾语，故填to catch。
3.【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international ___42___ (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___43___ (find)the connection between the two great writers.
42.【答案】visibility
【解析】考查名词。句意：Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。形容词international后接名词形式，visibility“知名度”为不可数名词作宾语。故填visibility。
43.【答案】to find
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。非谓语动词担当形容词“amazed”后的原因状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to find。
4.【2024北京卷】 Slowing down can contribute significantly to personal growth. Taking the time ___11___ (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of ___12___ (self-aware).
【11题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：花时间休息可以让我们发展出更深层次的自我意识。take (the) time to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“花时间做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式。故填to rest。
【11题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：花时间休息可以让我们发展出更深层次的自我意识。take (the) time to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“花时间做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式。故填to rest。
4.【2024浙江1月卷】The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra ____36____ (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense.
【36题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：然而，如果你是想买一件，那么多买一件来享受降价是没有意义的。根据“buying extra”和“from price reductions”可知，此处是指多买一件来享受降价，所以应用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to benefit。
2023年
1.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】To eat one, you have to decide whether ____37____ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), ____or38____ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，故填to bite。
2.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of ____their42____ (they) contents.
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift out与宾语them（指代小笼包）是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。
3.【2023年全国甲卷】For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) ___41___ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：几千年来，人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知，此处表达“来传授知识和智慧”，所以用不定式作目的状语。故填to teach。
4.【2023年北京卷】She called for action ____19____(address)the struggles of people around the world ____20____(face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running through a global campaign called“Run Blue”.
【答案】to address
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知address在句中作目的状语，故用不定式。故填to address。
【答案】facing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知face与逻辑主语people构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语，故填facing。
2022年
1.【2022新高考I卷】The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___________ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
答案：to increase
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在句中作非谓语，做目的状语，应用动词的不定式的形式。故填to increase。
2.【2022全国甲卷】A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
答案：to journey
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知，journey为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填to journey。
3.【2022全国乙卷】__________ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, ____ inviting______ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
答案：to strengthen; inviting
解析：考查非谓语动词。第一空：句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知，此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。
4.【2022年浙江卷1月】That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans ____________（continue） the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding. ", she says, "a really positive change."
答案：to continue
解析：考查动词不定式。句意：他打算继续这个实践。动词plan后面跟动词不定式，plan to do sth“计划做”，故填to continue。
5.【2022年新高考2卷】Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___39___ (see) them.
答案：to see
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意，他要爬到阳台去看他们（外面玩闹的孩子们。），故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。
6.【2022年北京卷】As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention ____12____ (harm) her, Helen started to run.
考查非谓语动词。句意：海伦担心他可能有意伤害她，便开始快跑。分析句子结构，可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式，have an intention to do sth.意为“有意向做某事”，固定搭配，不定式作后置定语。故填to harm。
7.【2022年天津卷第二次】________ his restless students occupied with an indoor sport on rainy days, James Naismith created basketball.
A. To be kept B. Kept C. To keep D. Keeping
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了让精力充沛的学生能够在雨天待在室内活动，James Naismith创造了篮球。分析句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词形式，结合句意可知，此处意为“为了”表示目的，所以该处为不定式作目的状语,且keep与逻辑主语James Naismith之间为主动关系。故选C项。
2021年
1.【2021全国甲卷】 It is possible 3 (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
【答案】 to walk
【解析】考查非谓语动词。本句是典型的It is adj. + to do的形式，故填 to walk 。
2.【2021全国乙卷】Activitithere range from whale watching to hiking （远足） and accommodations aim 10 (have) a low impact on the natural environment.
【答案】to have
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析题目，句子中已经有一个谓语动词，判断此处填非谓语动词。aim to do sth，意为 "目的在于做某事" ，因此应填不定式形式。句意：……并且食宿是为了对自然环境有小的影响。故填to have。
3.【2021.6 浙江卷】Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over 8 (plant) flowers in the front yard.
【答案】 to plant
【解析】考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意：玛丽的妹妹经常来拜访，在前院里种些花。
2020年
1.【2020年新课标Ⅰ】 Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66. (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. ＂
66. 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。
2.【2020年新课标Ⅰ】 My mom told me how to preparing it.
4.考查非谓语动词。句意：我妈妈告诉我如何准备这道菜。分析句子可知，“how+不定式”作told的宾语，to是不定式符号，后应接动词原形，故将preparing改为prepare。
3.【2020年新课标Ⅱ】They are easy 68. (care) for and make great presents.
68. 考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构。故填to care。
4.【2020年新课标Ⅲ】 The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67. (find) the well-known painter.
67. 考查非谓语动词。句意：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“出发去做某事”短语为set out to do sth.，后跟不定式做目的状语。故填to find。
5.【2020年新课标Ⅲ】 I tell my mom that if we’re forced eat things, we may become ill.
第八处：考查固定句型。句意：我告诉我妈妈，如果我们被迫吃东西，我们可能会生病。be forced to do sth.被迫做某事，所以forced 后面加to。
6.【2020年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷(海南卷)】These days, it is not unusual for 10-to 12-year-olds to publish their own websites or for second and third graders____36____（begin）computer classes.
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，10到12岁的孩子发布自己的网站，二年级和三年级学生开始上计算机课，这些都很常见。本题考查“It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.”结构，该结构it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式。故填to begin。
7.【2020年北京卷】 It takes them hundreds of years___5___(break) down.
【5题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：它们用几百年的时间才分解。固定句型It takes sb./sth. +一段时间+ to do sth.（花某人/物多长时间干某事），此处用动词不定式（to do ）作真正主语，It形式主语。故填to break。
8.【2020年浙江卷7月】 Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology ___60___(change)lives.
【60题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句子，简单句中已有动词gave故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式表示目的。故填to change。
9. 【2020年天津卷第一次】The local government doesn't have to sacrifice environmental protection ____________ economic growth.
A. to be promoted B. being promoted C. promoting D. to promote
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：地方政府不必为了促进经济增长而牺牲环境保护。通过分析句子成分并翻译语境可知，句中存在谓语doesn't have to sacrifice，空中需使用非谓语动词且表示目的性关系，因此使用动词不定式形式。故选D项。
2019
1.【2019年全国卷 Ⅰ】Modem methods ___of/for 63___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___64___ (perform) consistently over a large area. ...
64. to perform【解析】考查非谓语动词。主系表结构之后，常用不定式作原因或目的状语，句意：跟踪北极熊的现代方法只是在二十世纪八十年代以来开始采用，并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的，故此处用to perform。
2.【2019年全国卷III】 On our way to the house，it was raining __so_61___ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take ___62___ (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
62.to get【解析】考查不定式。句中的would提示我们作者还没有到达那座房子，wondering后的句子不缺谓语，此处应填非谓语动词，故填to get。
3.【2019年全国卷III】I've had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to opens a cafe....
第一处：【解析】考查不定式的用法。不定式做表语，to后用动词原形。故把 opens改为 open。
4.【2019年浙江卷6月】But some students didn't want ___63___ (wear) the uniform.
63. to wear【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：但是，有一些学生不想穿学生服。want to do sth想要做某事，这是want的固定用法。故填to wear。
5.【2018年浙江卷11月】 One study showed that _____women64_____(woman) who drank a lot of coffee, like eight or more cups per day, while they were pregnant were more likely ________65________(have) children with birth defects.
65．考查动词不定式。此处指每天喝大量咖啡的妇女，怀孕时孩子很可能会先天畸形。表示“可能做某事”是be likely to do sth.，用动词不定式，故填to have。
6.【2019年江苏卷】___________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.
A. To enjoy B. Enjoying C. To have enjoyed D. Enjoy
30.A【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作目的状语。句意：为了享受数字支付的方便，很多老年市民开始使用智能手机。故选A。
2018
1.【2018年全国Ⅰ卷】 You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of dying 63 (die) early by running.
62. to see 考查不定式作目的状语。你不必跑地太快或时间太长就能看到它的好处。此处不定式作目的状语，故填to see。
3.【2018年全国Ⅱ卷】Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice ___64___ (improve) water quality....
64. 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了改善水质政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是大米。没有连词可以且谓语动词是encourages，故improve应该用非谓语动词。此处表示目的，故用不定式。故填to improve。
4.【2018年全国Ⅱ卷】 As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me.
第三处：考查冠词。这里表示“作为一个孩子”，a用在表示泛指的单数名词前，the表示特指。故把the改为a。
第四处：考查动词不定式。句意：无论我要求多少次要去看（卡通片）。用不定式表示目的。故把watching改为watch。
第五处：考查情态动词。would后跟动词原形，故把to删除。
5.【2018年全国Ⅲ卷】Once his message was delivered, he allowed me ____70____ (stay)and watch.
64. 考查动词。动词avoid后要加doing。此处表示避免直接看他的眼睛。用looking。
70. 考查非谓语动词。固定短语allow sb to do允许某人做某事，应该用to stay。
6.【2018年全国Ⅲ卷】Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity, others were nervous and anxious.
第四处：考查固定搭配。be eager to do sth渴望做某事，故eager后加to。
7.【2018年北京卷】 During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.
A. share B. to share C. having shared D. shared
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在中秋节期间，家人们通常会聚在一起吃饭，赏月，品尝月饼。gather是谓语动词，“_________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes”是状语，家人聚在一起的目的是吃饭，赏月，品尝月饼，表目的用动词不定式，故B选项正确。
2017
1.【2017年新课标Ⅰ卷】 Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions....
63. to process 考查不定式。句意：他们被要求加工食物。require表示＂要求＂，require sb. to do sth.表示
＂要求某人做某事＂，被动形式为＂sb. be required to do sth.＂(某人被要求做某事)。故填to process。
2.【2017年新课标Ⅰ卷】The instructor kept repeating the words, ＂Speed up!＂ ＂Slow down!＂ ＂Turning left!＂
第六处：Turning改为Turn 考查非谓语动词。分析语境可知教练的话＂加速＂，＂减速＂，＂左转＂都是祈使句，根据前文＂Speed up!＂ ＂Slow down!＂也可以看得出来。祈使句应该用动词原形，故将Turning改为Turn。
3.【2017年浙江卷】Sixteen years 　60　(early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 　61　(cook) a meal.
61. to cook 【解析】考查动词不定式。一个句子不能出现双重谓语，所以此处要用不定式作目的状语。故填to cook。
4.【2017年北京卷】Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online ___________ their valuable time.
A. save B. saving C. to save D. saved
【答案】C
【解析】句意：为了节省乘客的时间，许多航空公司现在允许他们网上打印登机牌。此处是动词不定式表目的，故选C。
5. 【2017年天津卷】I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ___________.
A. catching B. caught C. to catch D. to be caught
【答案】C
【解析】句意：在整个会议期间我一直在看钟表，因为我要去赶火车。根据上文判断出as引导原因状语从句，Sb. have sth. to do 某人有某事要做（在本句中to do 由主语完成），根据句意判断选C。
2016
1.【2016年新课标Ⅱ卷】If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely 　49　(bring) your work home.
49. to bring 考查非谓语动词。固定短语be likely to do sth.意为"可能做某事",故填to bring。
2.【2016年新课标Ⅲ卷】Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 63 (create) special designs....
63.to create
【解析】考查非谓语动词。技术娴熟的工人会把各种各样的硬质木材和金属结合起来，以制造出花样特殊的筷子。这里用不定式表目的，故填to create。
3.【2016年新课标Ⅲ卷】I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.
第八处：wear改为wearing。考查动名词作宾语。介词后面应用动名词形式作宾语。
4.【2016年四川卷】She was a very 　caring/careful 63　 (care) mother. For 25 days, she never left her baby, not even to find something 　64　 (eat)! She would not let any other pandas come near.
64.to eat 句意：甚至不去找吃的东西！此处是动词不定式放在不定代词后面作后置定语，故填to eat。
5.【2016年浙江卷】 He would ask who we was and pretend not to knowing us.
第六处：pretend后面接不定式作宾语，这里是否定式pretend not to do。故knowing改成know。
6. 【2016年北京卷】_______ it easier to get in touch with us, you’d better keep this card at hand.
A. Made B. Make C. Making D. To make
【答案】D
【解析】考查不定式作目的状语。句意：为了更方便地联系到我们，你最好随身带着这张卡片。根据句意可知，这里是目的状语，表目的用动词不定式，故选D。
考点：考查不定式作目的状语
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