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(共69张PPT)
UNIT 3　War and peace
(单元主题语境：人与社会——战争与和平)
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
Ⅰ.重点词汇
1．_________n．(军队的)登陆
2．__________ n．部队；军队
3．________ n．潮水
4．__________ adj.最高的
5．_____________ n．目的，目标
6．____________ n．暴力
7．_________ v．(使)淹死
landing
troop
tide
supreme
objective
violence
drown
8．________ n．坦克
9．________ v．回想，回忆起
10．___________ v．迫使(某人)处于不幸的境地
11．______________ adj.杰出的，优秀的
tank
recall
condemn
outstanding
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．violent adj.狂暴的，凶暴的→___________ n．暴力
2．commander n．指挥官，长官→______________ v．指挥；博得→_______________ adj.指挥的；威严的
3．objective n．目标，目的→__________ n．物体→______________ n．反对
4．horror n．惊恐→___________ adj.可怕的→__________ v．使惊吓
violence
command
commanding
object
objection
horrible
horrify
5．barely adv.勉强才能→________ adj.光秃的；赤裸的
6．liberate v．解放(城市、国家等)→______________ n．解放
7．memorial adj.纪念的，追悼的→__________________ n．记忆→ _____________________ v．记住
bare
liberation
memory
memorise/memorize
动词加后缀-ing常构成名词。
land→landing　shoot→shooting
read→reading listen→listening
Ⅲ.短语互译
1．be made up of _______________
2．in large numbers __________________
3．free ...from ...
_________________________________________________
4．对……有信心 ____________________
5．完全；简直 ______________________
6．作为……而著名；被称为 __________________
7．约定时间；成功；及时到达(赶上) _____________
8．在中间；介于两者之间 _______________
由……组成
大量的(地)
把……从……中释放出来；使……从……中解脱
have confidence in
nothing less than
become known as
make it
in between
Ⅳ.重点句式
1．句型：独立主格结构
教材原句：Code-named “Operation Overlord”，it was the largest combined sea，air and land operation in history，the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation.
翻译：_______________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________
这次作战行动代号为“霸王行动”，是历史上规模最大的海
陆空三军联合行动，目的是解放德国占领的欧洲西北部地区。
2．句型：while作并列连词
教材原句：Boats were hit and men drowned, while those who did make it to the beach faced heavy machine gunfire.
翻译：________________________________________________________ ____________________
船只被击中，士兵溺水身亡，而那些成功登陆的士兵则面临
着重机枪的射击。
熟读精思·研读文本精华
Ⅰ.原文释译
The D-DAY LANDINGS①
By spring 1944，the Second World War had been raging② across the globe for about five years.But along the south coast of England，something unusual was happening：Allied troops③ made up mainly of British，Canadian and American soldiers were gathering in large numbers④.This marked one of the final stages of a top-secret operation⑤that had been months，perhaps years，in the planning.Code-named “Operation Overlord”，it was the largest combined sea，air and land operation in history， the
aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation．After waiting for the perfect combination of weather，moon and tides，the date for the start of Operation Overlord was set⑥ for 6 June.
过去分词短语作定语，相当于定语从句“which were made up ...soldiers”。
“名词＋现在分词短语”构成的独立主格结构，在句中作状语。the aim与be to free是主谓关系。
An order issued⑦by Supreme Allied Commander General Eisenhower to the troops read⑧：“Your task will not be an easy one.Your enemy is well trained，well equipped and battle-hardened⑨ ...But this is the year 1944 ...The tide⑩ has turned！The free men of the world are marching together to Victory！I have full confidence in your courage，devotion to duty and skill in battle.We will accept nothing less than full Victory！”
With these words ringing in their ears ，Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D-Day. At dawn on 6 June，thousands landed by parachute behind enemy lines in northern France.Meanwhile，thousands more were journeying across the English Channel to Normandy， protected by fighter planes in the skies above them．Their objective was clear：to reach the Normandy beaches along about 80 kilometres of French coastline .But even in the depths of war，few could have been prepared for the violence and horror they would experience there.
本句是主从复合句。With these words ringing in their ears是with复合结构，在句中作状语。what引导宾语从句，what在从句中作主语。
过去分词短语作状语，protect与主语thousands more是逻辑上的动宾关系。
The fiercest fighting was at Omaha Beach.The enemy were hiding，ready to attack the Allied soldiers even before they reached land. Boats were hit and men drowned ，while those who did make it to the beach faced heavy machine gunfire .By mid-morning， hundreds lay dead in the water and amongst the tanks on the beach.One soldier recalled how he barely made it with bombs falling all around him: “I was the first one out.The seventh man was the next one to get across the beach without being hit.All the ones in between were hit.Two were killed；three were injured. That's how lucky you had to be.”
本句是while连接的两个并列分句，while表示对比，意为“而，然而”。第二个分句中who引导定语从句，修饰先行词those；did用来强调定语从句中的谓语动词。
画线部分中，主语是hundreds，谓语是lay，dead为形容词作状语。
how在此引导表语从句。
But，despite the high cost in human life ，the D-Day landings were a success and were seen widely as the beginning of the end of the Second World War.By the end of August 1944，the Allies had reached the River Seine，Paris was liberated and the Germans had been removed from north-west France.The Allied forces then prepared to enter Germany， where they would meet up with the Soviet military moving in from the east．
where在此引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Germany。moving in from the east为现在分词短语作定语。
Seventy years later，men who had fought on D-Day gathered on both sides of the English Channel，where people were coming together for memorial ceremonies.As part of this solemn and moving occasion，a former soldier read out to the crowd these lines from the poem For the Fallen，by Laurence Binyon：
本句是主从复合句。where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词both sides of the English Channel。主句中who引导定语从句，修饰先行词men。
They shall grow not old，as we that are left grow old：
Age shall not weary them，nor the years condemn.
At the going down of the sun and in the morning
We will remember them.
Survivors of the D-Day landings continue to meet to remember the fellow soldiers and friends they lost that day.Although each year they are fewer in number，their outstanding acts of courage mean that we will always remember them—as well as those who lost their lives on the beaches of northern France.
本句是主从复合句。Although引导让步状语从句。主句中that引导宾语从句。who引导定语从句，修饰先行词those。
◆难词注解
①landing n．[C，U](军队的)登陆；着陆；降落
②rage vi.(战斗、争论等)激烈进行；(风暴)肆虐
③Allied troops盟军部队
④in large numbers大量地
⑤a top-secret operation绝密行动
⑥set vt.安排；确定
set a date for为……确定日期
⑦issue vt.宣布，公布；发出
issue sth.(to sb.)(向某人)宣布某事
⑧read vt.熟词生义：写着(to have sth.written on it)
⑨battle-hardened adj.身经百战的
⑩tide n．熟词生义：[C]趋势；动向
have full confidence in 在……方面信心十足
devotion to duty忠于职守
nothing less than (用于强调，表示事情让人吃惊或重要)简直，全然
ring in one's ears/head在耳边回响
at dawn天一亮
[反义]at dusk在黄昏
behind enemy lines敌人后方
line n．熟词生义：防线，前线，战线
more再；另外
journey vi.熟词生义：(尤指长途)旅行
fighter plane战斗机
objective n．目标，目的
coastline n．海岸线
the depths of(坏情绪或坏情况)最强烈的时候；最糟糕的时候
horror n．[U]惊恐；恐惧，震惊
drown vt.& vi.(使)淹死
make it到达
gunfire n．(接连不断的)炮火
amongst prep.在……当中(＝among)
tank n．坦克
recall vt.& vi.回忆起，回想
barely adv.勉强才能
in between介于……之间；在中间
high cost in human life很多人牺牲
be seen as ... 被视为……
liberate vt.解放(城市、国家等)
liberation n．解放
force n．熟词生义：[C]武装部队；部队
meet up with 与……会合
memorial adj.纪念的，追悼的
remember vt.纪念；缅怀；思念
outstanding adj.优秀的，杰出的；出色的
acts of courage英勇之举
Ⅱ.文本理解
主旨大意
The text is mainly about _________________________________．
the D-Day landings in World War Ⅱ
文章架构
细节探究
1．What does Operation Overlord refer to？(　　)
A.A battle that the Germans tried to land on the French beaches to invade France.
B.A battle that the British helped the French to fight against Germans.
C.A battle that marked the victory of the Second World War.
D.A battle that the Allied troops tried to land on the French beaches against the Germans.
2．What does the word “objective” mean in Paragraph 3？ (　　)
A.Something that someone owns.
B.Something that can be seen and touched.
C.Something that someone is trying to achieve.
D.Something that someone studies.
3．In Paragraph 4，why does the author mention the soldier's recalling？(　　)
A.To memorize his friends who died in the battle.
B.To stress how fierce the battle was.
C.To show the meaning of the battle.
D.To show the pride of him.
4．What can we learn about the poem in the passage？ (　　)
A.It tells us not to forget those who lost their lives in the D-Day landings.
B.It introduces a famous British poet to us.
C.It describes how the French beaches became a famous attraction.
D.It is written by a soldier who survived the D-Day landings.
答案：1～4 DCBA
课文语法填空
By spring 1944，Allied troops made up mainly of British，Canadian and American soldiers were gathering in large numbers，1.__________ marked one of the final steps of a top-secret operation.This operation 2.____________ _________(code-name) “Operation Overlord”，the largest combined sea，air and land operation in history，whose aim was 3._________(free) north-west Europe from German 4.___________(occupy).5._______________(encourage) by General Eisenhower's words，Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D-Day.6.____ dawn on 6 June， the war began.The fight
which
was code-
named
to free
occupation
Encouraged
At
was brutal and few could have been prepared for the violence and horror they would experience there.Boats were hit and men drowned，while those who did make 7.____ to the beach faced heavy machine gunfire. Despite the high cost in human life，the D-Day landings were 8.__ success and were seen 9.___________ (wide) as the beginning of the end of the Second World War.Seventy years later，men who had fought on D-Day gathered on both sides of the English Channel for memorial ceremonies.Although the 10._______________ (survive) of the D-Day landings are fewer in number each year，their outstanding acts of courage mean we will always remember them.
it
a
widely
survivors
Ⅲ.教材熟词生义/一词多义
1．objective
①It would provide true and objective information. _________
②My only objective is to make the information more widely available. ______
客观的
目标
2．memorial
①The statue is a lasting memorial to those who died in the war. _________
②The nation built a grand memorial to those who fell in the Napoleonic wars. _________
③This is a memorial service in the dead man's honour. _________________
纪念物
纪念碑
纪念的，追悼的
Ⅳ.教材续写积累
描述事件发展
I was the first one out.The seventh man was the next one to get across the beach without being hit.
[仿写]完成句子
我看见数百人围着他，不久，一个人离开了，随后，两个，三个，等等。
I saw him surrounded by _________________________________________ _________________________，and so on.
hundreds of people，and soon，one person left，
followed by two，three
互动探究·精研核心知识
[写作佳句]
The heat and humidity were violent，so we had to go sightseeing from the car.
天气又炎热又潮湿，所以我们不得不乘车观光。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①She shook her head _______________(violent) when she heard the news.
②It seems that the attack was a mindless act of _____________(violent).
③我们绝不能破坏公共设施。
On no account _____________________________________．
violently
violence
can we do violence to public facilities
[要点突破]
①command n．& v．命令；指挥；掌握
under one's command在某人的指挥下
at one's command受某人的支配
have a good command of掌握
in command of掌控，指挥
②command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事
command that sb.(should) do sth.命令某人做某事
[写作佳句]
We work hard at English so as to have a good command of it.
我们努力学习英语以便掌握好它。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①All the ________________(commander) gathered at the headquarters.
②He has twenty men __________ his command so he can command them to attack the enemy.
③他坐在那里，看起来很放松，完全能控制自己。
He sat there，looking relaxed and totally _________________________.
commanders
under
in command of himself
[要点突破]
①object n．物体；对象
②object v．反对；不赞成
object to sb./sth.反对/不赞成某人/某事
object to (sb.'s) doing ...反对(某人)做……
③objection n．反对；异议；不赞成
④objective adj.客观的
[写作佳句]
My objective this summer is learning to write essays.
我今年夏天的目标是学习写散文。
[学以致用]
单句填空/一句多译
①She gives an _____________(object) report of what has happened.
②We object to ___________(leave) school and going to work.
③他强烈反对不懂装懂。
→He strongly ________________________ to understand.(v.)
→He _________________________ pretending to understand.(n.)
objective
leaving
objected to pretending
had a strong objection to
[要点突破]
①in horror恐惧地
to one's horror令人惊恐的是
②horrible adj.可怕的，恐惧的；令人讨厌的
③horribly adv.极为，非常；恐惧地
[写作佳句]
To my horror，many snakes suddenly appeared.
令我恐惧的是，突然出现了许多蛇。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①Never in all my life have I seen such a ___________(horror) thing.
②Walking alone in the dark may be __ horror for most kids.
③She was caught in the rain，and her clothes were ____________ (horror) wet.
④小女孩惊恐地看着那只凶猛的狗。
The little girl __________________________________．
horrible
a
horribly
looked at the violent dog in horror
[要点突破]
recall doing sth.回想起做过某事
recall sb.to ...把某人召回到……
recall sb.from ...把某人从……召回
recall (that) ...回想起……
[写作佳句]
I recall that it was you who often comforted me with inspiring words.
我回想起以前是你经常用鼓舞人心的话来安慰我。
表示记起做过某事时，recall后接动名词，不接动词不定式，但有时可接带疑问词的动词不定式。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①I can still recall ______________(take) to the hospital yesterday.
②Additional soldiers must be recalled ____ active duty in the face of this military threat.
③想起母亲的话，萨莉从白日梦中惊醒了。
_____________________________，Sally woke from her daydream with a start.
being taken
to
Recalling her mother's words
[要点突破]
①had barely done sth.when ...＝had hardly done sth.when ...刚做完某事……就……
②bare adj.赤裸的；仅有的；贫瘠的；最基本的vt.使裸露；使暴露
③barefoot/barefooted adj.赤脚的
[写作佳句]
I was so tired that I could barely put one foot in front of the other.
我累坏了，几乎一步都走不动了。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①The driver was ____________(bare) 30 years old and his dress was plain and somewhat old but neat and clean.
barely
②迈克刚喝完咖啡亨利就回来了。
Mike ___________________________________ when Henry returned.
③为了取暖，水手坐在炉火前，两只赤裸的脚相互摩擦着。
To warm himself，the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing ___________ _________________．
had barely/hardly finished his coffee
one bare foot
against the other
[写作佳句]
If you don't learn from the past，you're condemned to repeat its mistakes.
如果你不从过去吸取教训，你就注定要重蹈覆辙。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①He was condemned ____ death for murder.
②We will condemn those people ______ their mistreating pets，such as dogs and cats.
③The military exercise was condemned ____ an act of aggression.
④他们资历的缺乏迫使他们做单调乏味且通常报酬很低的工作。
Their lack of qualifications ________________________ and usually poorly-paid work.
to
for
as
condemned them to boring
[情境探究]
①The question being settled，we went home.
问题解决之后，我们就回家了。
②We shall play the match tomorrow，weather permitting.
如果明天天气好，我们就进行比赛。
③More time given，we should have done the job much better.
如果给我们更多的时间，我们会把工作做得更好。
[要点突破]
独立主格结构形式
①名词/代词＋现在分词(表示主动或正在进行)
②名词/代词＋过去分词(表示被动或已完成)
③名词/代词＋动词不定式(表示将要发生的动作)
④名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语(常用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态)
[学以致用]
单句填空/句式升级
①All things ______________(consider)，I think I ought to award the job to Smith.
②Lots of homework _________ (do)，I have to stay at home all day.
③The meeting ________，the teachers went out one by one.
④If time permits，we'll go to your house.
→__________________，we'll go to your house.
considered
to do
over
Time permitting

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