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(共28张PPT)
UNIT 4　A glimpse of the future
(单元主题语境：人与社会——未来与科技发展)
Section Ⅱ　Using language
主谓一致(2)
[观察]
1．It used to feel like 50 per cent of my time was spent researching new restaurants.
2．Every recommendation she gives me is great since she can predict if I will like a particular restaurant.
3．Nearly every job is potentially at risk in the long run.
4．As it is，almost 50 per cent of US jobs are at risk from automation in the next 20 years.
5．I believe most of the value of AI lies in its capacity to analyse and interpret vast amounts of data.
[探究]
1．句1、4中“百分数＋of＋名词”结构作主语，谓语动词的单复数由_______________________决定。
2．句2、3中“every＋单数可数名词”作主语，谓语动词用___数形式。
3．句5中“most of＋不可数名词”作主语，谓语动词用___数形式。
of后的名词的单复数
主谓一致的三原则是什么？
___________________________________________
单
单
语法一致原则；意义一致原则；就近原则。
一、“语法一致”原则
[感知]
[组1]
①Every part is carefully checked before they are put together.
组装之前，每一个部件都经过了仔细检查。
②An important part of the corn is used to feed chickens，pigs and cattle in that country.
在那个国家，玉米很大一部分被用来喂鸡、猪和牛。
③(2024·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome.
欢迎10岁及以上的志愿者参加。
[组2]
①Everyone is ready for the sports meeting.
每个人都为运动会做好了准备。
②Each member of the team is given a particular job to do.
队里的每个成员都有特定的工作要做。
[组3]
①Listening to music makes me relaxed after a busy day.
听音乐使我在一天的忙碌之后得到了放松。
②When they could finish the task is not known yet.
他们何时能完成这项任务尚未可知。
[组4]
①The teacher as well as the students likes the painting.
那位老师和学生们都喜欢这幅画。
②Tom, along with his friends, goes skating every Saturday.
每个星期六，汤姆都和他的朋友们一起去滑冰。
[组5]
①Many a parent has had to go through this same painful process.
很多父母都不得不经历这一痛苦的过程。
②More than one person is against the proposal.
不止一个人反对这个提议。
[组6]
①He is one of the students who have been to Shanghai.
他是那些去过上海的学生当中的一个。
②He is the only one of the students who has been to Shanghai.
他是那些学生当中唯一一个去过上海的。
[组7]
It is they who have worked there for five years.
是他们在那里工作了五年。
[归纳]
“语法一致”原则是指主语和谓语在语法形式上必须一致，即谓语动词的单、复数形式由主语的单、复数形式决定。
这一原则主要适用于以下几种情况：
1．不可数名词或可数名词单数形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；可数名词的复数形式作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
2．复合不定代词anyone、anything、someone、somebody、something、everyone、everybody、everything、nobody、nothing及不定代词either、each等在句中作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
3．单个的动词不定式、 动词-ing(短语)形式或主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
4．由as well as、along with、together with、with、rather than、no less than、but、except、besides、in addition to、like、including等连接两部分名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词与介词(短语)前面的主语保持一致。
5．“many a(n)(许多)/more than one(不止一个)＋可数名词单数”结构作主语时，尽管从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词仍用单数形式。
6．“one of＋可数名词复数”结构后跟定语从句时，从句中的谓语动词常用复数形式；而“the (only) one of＋可数名词复数”结构后跟定语从句时，从句中的谓语动词应用单数形式。
7．在强调句“It＋is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who ...”结构中，若被强调部分是主语，that/who后的谓语与被强调部分的人称和数保持一致。
二、“意义一致”原则
[感知]
[组1]
①The president and the editor-in-chief of the newspaper are to attend the conference.
这家报社的社长和主编都将参加这次会议。
②The knife and fork is on the desk.
那套刀叉在桌子上。
③The teacher and writer is going to give us a talk.
那位老师兼作家将要给我们作演讲。
[组2]
①All are here and all is ready.
所有人都已到齐，一切已准备就绪。
②All who have studied this question have come to the same conclusion.
所有研究过这个问题的人都得出了同样的结论。
[组3]
①The rest of the buildings were easy to get to and the rest of his time was spent in enjoying the beautiful scenes.
其余的建筑物并不难到达，他剩下的时间都用在欣赏美景上了。
②He got back home，finding that some of the sugar was spilled on the floor.
他回到家，发现一些糖散落在地上。
[组4]
①Twenty kilometers is quite a long distance.
20千米是相当长的一段路程。
②Fifty dollars was a large sum for me at that time.
那时50美元对我来说是一大笔钱。
[组5]
The injured were saved by the villagers at last.
最后，伤者被村民救了。
[归纳]
“意义一致”原则是指从意义着眼来解决主谓一致问题。主语所表达的单复数概念并不总是根据主语的形式而定，有时要根据它所表达的意义来确定。
“意义一致”原则主要适用于以下几种情况：
1．and连接的两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。但如果and所连接的两个单数名词指的是同一个人、同一件事或表示整体概念，则谓语动词用单数形式，这时and后面的名词前不加冠词。
2．all、none、some、any等不定代词作主语时，谓语动词的数根据其指代的内容而定。
3．“all/most/half/some/the rest of＋名词/代词”结构或“分数/百分数＋of＋名词/代词”结构作主语时，若名词或代词表示单数概念或抽象概念，谓语动词用单数形式；若表示复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式。
4．表示时间、距离、金额、重量等的复数名词作主语时常被当作一个整体来看待，谓语动词常用单数形式；但有时为了强调数量之多，也可用复数形式。
5．“the＋形容词/分词”表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式。
三、“就近”原则
[感知]
[组1]
①Are you or he good at English
是你还是他擅长英语？
②Not only the students but also the teacher wants to go climbing.
不仅学生想去爬山，老师也想去。
[组2]
①There is a pen，two books and many pencils on the desk.
书桌上有一支钢笔、两本书和多支铅笔。
②There are two books，a pen and many pencils on the desk.
书桌上有两本书、一支钢笔和多支铅笔。
[归纳]
“就近”原则是指谓语动词的人称和数往往与离其最近的主语保持一致。
该原则主要适用于以下几种情况：
1．“either ...or ...”“ ...or ...”“neither ...nor ...”“not only ...but also ...”“not ...but ...”等连接的名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的人称和数由最靠近谓语动词的名词或代词决定。
2．there be句型中的be动词应与离其最近的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。
[即练]
单句填空/完成句子
1．Amy，as well as her brothers，_________________(give) a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.
2．Barbara is easy to recognize as she's the only one of the women who __________(wear) evening dress.
3．Leaving the less important things until tomorrow ______(be) often acceptable.
was given
wears
is
4．All we need ____(be) a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.
5．One-third of the country ____ covered with trees and the majority of the citizens ______ environmentally conscious.(be)
6．Three-fourths of the bread ______(be) eaten by Bob，and the rest of the bread ___________(leave) on the table.
7．What you said just now ______(have) something to do with that matter we are discussing.
is
is
are
was
was left
has
8．在中国，涌向城市的人口数量一直在上涨。
The number of Chinese who have moved to cities ___________________．
9．这里有给你的一些水果和玩具。
_________ some fruit and toys for you.
10．现在，老师和学生们正在讨论新出版的《阅读技巧》。
Now the teacher，together with the students，________________ Reading Skills that was newly published.
has been on the rise
Here is
is discussing
11．查阅词典是学习英语的好习惯。
Referring to the dictionary __________________ in English learning.
12．不仅他们，我也要为希望工程筹款。
Not only they but also I __________________________ for the Hope Project.
is a good habit
am going to raise money
使用本单元所学语法知识补全语段
We are now living in an information age, in which TVs, cellphones and the Internet 1.____________________(被广泛使用). 2.________________(看起来似乎)many people cannot enjoy themselves without them.
However, being addicted to electronics and the Internet 3._____________ _________(正在毁掉我们的生活).We have less contact with family and friends.
are widely used
It seems that
is ruining our
lives
In fact，4.___________________________________________________ (不仅是电子产品，还有人工智能) is developing fast.At the same time, people should be aware of the importance of returning to their family life and social life while enjoying the convenience of technology.
not only electronic products but also artificial intelligence

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