资源简介

(共61张PPT)
UNIT 4　A glimpse of the future
(单元主题语境：人与社会——未来与科技发展)
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
Ⅰ.重点词汇
1．__________ n．客户，客人，顾客
2．________ v．引用，引述
3．___________ n．地平线
4．__________ v．认为，以为
5．________ n．细胞
6．________ adj.可能的
7．________ n．自行车
client
cite
horizon
reckon
cell
bound
cycle
8．____________ n．需要，需求
9．__________ adj.敏捷的，灵活的
10．__________ v．倾斜，成斜坡
11．______ n．跳跃
12．____________ v．发出吱吱声
13．______________n．波长
14．__________ v．皱眉
15．______________ adj.正电子的
16．________ n．线索，提示
demand
agile
slope
hop
squeak
wavelength
frown
positronic
clue
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．____________ v．评价，评定→assessment n．评估
2．__________________ adj.机械的→mechanically adv.机械地；僵化地→mechanic n．机械师
3．_____________ n．仿制品→imitate v．模仿
4．tightly adv.紧紧地→__________ adj.紧的；牢固的
5．desperate adj.拼命的，绝望的→________________ adv.绝望地；极度地
assess
mechanical
imitation
tight
desperately
6．faulty adj.有故障的，有缺陷的→__________ n．故障；错误
7．_____________ adj.一贯的，一致的→consistency n．一致性；连贯性
fault
以-te或-t结尾的形容词，去掉-te或-t，加-cy，可转化为名词。
consistent→consistency　accurate→accuracy
efficient→efficiency　private→privacy
consistent
Ⅲ.短语互译
1．经受；仔细检查 _____________
2．伸出手；坚持 ____________
3．指望，依靠 _____________
4．将要发生 __________________
5．很有可能，肯定会 _______________
6．set out _____________
7．share sth.with sb. ________________
go through
hold out
bank on
on the horizon
be bound to
出发，开始
和某人分享某物
8．make an effort to do sth. _______________
9．race up ___________________
10．go wrong _______________
11．be programmed to do sth. _______________
12．adjust to ________________________
13．act as _____________
14．change one's mind ___________
15．wave at _____________
16．point at ______
努力做某事
冲上去；急剧上升
出毛病；弄错
按计划做某事
调整……；适应……
充当，担任
改变主意
朝……招手
指向
Ⅳ.重点句式
1．句型：That's why ...
教材原句：Because he's Moon-born and can't visit Earth.That's why I'm bringing one here.
翻译：_______________________________________________________
因为他是月生人，又不能去地球看看，所以我才带了一只来。
2．句型：though引导让步状语从句
教材原句：Jimmy，expert though he was，couldn't outrace Robutt，who didn't need a spacesuit，and had four legs and tendons of steel.
翻译：______________________________________________________ ___________________________________
像吉米那样的行家也跑不过罗布，罗布不需要穿宇航服，而
且有四条腿，还一身钢筋铁骨。
熟读精思·研读文本精华
Ⅰ.原文释译
A Boy's Best Friend
Mr Anderson said，“Where's Jimmy，dear？” “Out on the crater，”said Mrs Anderson.“Robutt is with him.Did he arrive？” “Yes.He's at the rocket station， going through①the tests．I haven't really seen one since I left Earth 15 years ago.”

现在分词短语作伴随状语。
“Jimmy has never seen one，”said Mrs Anderson.
“Because he's Moon-born and can't visit Earth.That's why I'm bringing one here.I think it's the first one ever on the Moon.”
Jimmy was out on the crater， as his mother had said．His arms and legs were long and agile②.He looked thicker and stubbier with his spacesuit on，but he could handle the lunar gravity as no Earth-born human being could.The outer side of the crater sloped③southward and the Earth， which was low in the southern sky，was nearly full，so that the entire crater-slope was brightly lit.The slope was a gentle one and even the weight of the spacesuit couldn't keep Jimmy from racing up④ it in a floating hop that made the gravity seem nonexistent⑤.
as引导非限制性定语从句，as指代前面主句的内容。
which引导非限制性定语从句。
“Come on，Robutt，”he shouted.Robutt，who could hear him by radio，squeaked and bounded after.
Jimmy， expert⑥though he was，couldn't outrace⑦Robutt，who didn't need a spacesuit，and had four legs and tendons of steel.Jimmy couldn't go wrong while Robutt was around， tripping him when he was too near a rock，or jumping on him to show how much he loved him，or circling around and squeaking low and scared when Jimmy hid behind a rock，when all the time Robutt knew well enough where he was．
让步状语从句的倒装形式，作表语的名词提到了句首，名词前的冠词要省略。
“tripping him ...or jumping ...or circling ...behind a rock”为三个并列的现在分词作状语；“when all the time ...he was”是when引导的让步状语从句，when意为“虽然，尽管”。
He heard his father's voice on his private wavelength⑧.“Jimmy，come back.I have something to tell you.”
Mr Anderson was smiling.“We have something for you，Jimmy.It's at the rocket station now，but we'll have it tomorrow after all the tests are over.”
“From Earth，Dad？”
“A dog from Earth，son.The first dog on the Moon.You won't need Robutt any more.We can't keep them both，and some other boy or girl will have Robutt.” He seemed to be waiting for Jimmy to say something，then he said，“You know what a dog is，Jimmy.It's the real thing.Robutt's only a mechanical⑨imitation⑩，a robot-mutt.That's how he got his name.”
该结构中的to be waiting是动词不定式的进行时，表示当时正在进行的状态。
Jimmy frowned .“Robutt isn't an imitation，Dad.”
“Robutt's just steel and wiring and a simple positronic brain.”
“He does everything I want him to do，Dad.He understands me.”
“No，son.Robutt is just a machine.It's just programmed to act the way it does.A dog is alive.You'll see the difference once he gets here.”
省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词way。

Jimmy looked at Robutt，who was squeaking again，a very low，slow squeak that seemed frightened.Jimmy held out his arms and Robutt was in them in one bound .
Jimmy said，“What will the difference be between Robutt and the dog？”
“It's hard to explain，” said Mr Anderson，“but it will be easy to see.The dog will really love you.Robutt is just adjusted to act as though it loves you．”

as though引导方式状语从句，意为“好像”，同义词组as if。
“But，Dad，we don't know what's inside the dog，or what his feelings are.Maybe it's just acting，too.”
Mr Anderson frowned.“Jimmy，you'll know the difference when you experience the love of a living thing.”
Jimmy held Robutt tightly .He was frowning，too，and the desperate look on his face meant that he wouldn't change his mind .He said，“But what's the difference how they act？How about how I feel？I love Robutt and that's what counts .”
And the little robot-mutt，which had never been held so tightly in all its existence， squeaked high and rapid squeaks—happy squeaks.
是同源宾语现象，名词squeaks作动词squeaked的宾语。
( Adaptation of excerpts from “A Boy's Best Friend” by Isaac Asimov)
◆难词注解
①go through经历，经受；仔细检查
②agile adj.敏捷的，灵活的
③slope v．倾斜，成斜坡 n．斜坡
④keep sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事(from不可省略)
prevent/stop sb.(from) doing sth.阻止某人做某事(from可省略，但在被动语态中不可省略)
⑤nonexistent adj.不存在的
[构词法]non-是常用的前缀，意为“无，没有”。
⑥expert n．[C]专家；行家adj.熟练的；内行的
be expert at/in ...
擅长……
⑦outrace vt.超过
[构词法]out-是动词前缀，表示“超过”。含前缀out-的单词还有：
outnumber vt.(在数量上)压倒，比……多
outlive vt.比……活得长
⑧wavelength n．波长
该词是由wave和length构成的复合名词。
⑨mechanical adj.机械的
mechanic n．[C]技工，机械师
⑩imitation n．[C]仿制品；[U]模仿；效仿
imitate vt.模仿；仿效
frown v．皱眉
hold out 伸出；递出
in one bound一跃，一跳
adjust v．调节；调整；适应
adjust to调整；适应
adjust oneself to ...使某人自己适应……
adjustable adj.可调节的
tightly adv.紧紧地
hold sth.tightly紧紧抱住/抓住某物
desperate adj.拼命的，绝望的
change one's mind改变主意
count vi.重要；有价值
It's not how much you read but what you read that counts.重要的不是你读了多少，而是你读了什么。
Ⅱ.文本理解
文章架构
Para.1－Para.3：Why Jimmy's father，Anderson，brought him 1.______ ______．
Para.4－Para.6：Jimmy was 2._____________ from Earth-born human being.His dog，Robutt，was helpful.
Para.7－Para.19：Jimmy and his father held different 3.__________ on whether keeping Robutt or keeping a dog from Earth.
a live
dog
different
views
Para.20－Para.21：The desperate 4.________ on Jimmy's face meant that he wouldn't change his mind.What 5.____________ was that Jimmy loved Robutt.
look
counted
细节探究
1．Why did Jimmy's father bring a real dog to him？(　　)
A．Because he had no chance to see a real dog on the Earth.
B．Because the dog is the first one on the Moon.
C．Because they had been on the Moon for fifteen years.
D．Because the dog had gone through the tests.
2．What can we learn from Para.4？ (　　)
A．Jimmy was thicker and stubbier than Earth-born human beings.
B．Jimmy was well adapted to the gravity on the Moon.
C．The spacesuit was too light，and its gravity was nonexistent.
D．The entire crater was brightly lit by the nearly full Earth.
3．From the conversation between father and son，what can we conclude about Robutt？ (　　)
A．Robutt was a real dog from the Earth.
B．Robutt was a real dog living on the Moon.
C．Robutt was a mechanical dog.
D．Robutt was the first real dog on the Moon.
4．What can we learn from the passage？ (　　)
A．Jimmy's father didn't like Robutt.
B.Robutt is completely different from a real dog.
C.Jimmy is much lighter than Earth-born humans.
D．Despite his father's advice，Jimmy would keep Robutt.
答案：1～4 ABCD
课文语法填空
Jimmy，whose arms and legs were long and agile，was Moon-born.He could handle the lunar gravity 1._____ no Earth-born human being could.However，he couldn't visit Earth，so his father，2.________ left Earth 15 years before，brought 3.____ real dog for him，though he had a mechanical dog，Robutt.
as
who
a
Jimmy's father 4.__________________(explain) to him what a real dog is and that some other boy or girl would keep Robutt.Jimmy frowned.He said that Robutt understood 5.______(he).His father continued to talk about the 6._____________ (differ) between Robutt and the dog，7._________(say) that the dog would really love him while Robutt was just adjusted 8.___________(act) as though it loved him.
Jimmy held Robutt 9.____________(tight) and the desperate look on his face meant that he wouldn't change his mind.He said，“I love Robutt and that's what 10.__________(count).”
explained
him
difference
saying
to act
tightly
counts
Ⅲ.教材熟词生义/一词多义
1．horizon
①We could see a row of camels silhouetted against the horizon. _________
②I hoped that going to university might broaden my horizons. ______
地平线
眼界
2．consistent
①Her work is sometimes good，but the problem is that she's not consistent. _______________
②What the witness said in court was not consistent with the statement he made to the police. _________
始终如一的
一致的
Ⅳ.教材续写积累
人与动物和谐相处
Jimmy looked at Robutt，who was squeaking again，a very low，slow squeak that seemed frightened.Jimmy held out his arms and Robutt was in them in one bound.
[仿写]完成句子
①寒风刺骨，他冲出去，伸出胳膊把受到惊吓的狗抱了起来。周围的冷意似乎融化了。
The cold wind was piercing，and he rushed out and reached out his arms to pick up the frightened dog._______________________________________．
②小猫舔(lick)着主人的伤口，不停地哀叫着，仿佛是世界末日来到了。
The cat _____________________________ and _________________，as if the world was at an end.
The cold around seems to have melted
licked the master's wound
kept crying
互动探究·精研核心知识
[要点突破]
bank on sb./sth.依靠某人/某物
bank on doing sth.指望做某事
bank on sb.to do sth.指望某人做某事
[写作佳句]
I was banking on getting something to eat on the train.
我指望在火车上能找到吃的。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①I'm banking on you _____________(help) me with the arrangements.
②Don't bank on ______________(get) away on holiday until March.
③金钱本身无好坏，要看怎样利用它。
Money is neither good nor bad，but all _____________________________.
to help
getting
banks on what use is made of it
[要点突破]
①be bound to do sth.很有可能/肯定会做某事
be bound by sth.被某物束缚
②bounds n．限制范围；极限
within the bounds of ...在……范围内
[写作佳句]
It's bound to rain soon with lightning flashes and thunder rumbles.
电闪雷鸣，一会儿肯定会下雨。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①The dog ______________(bound) down the hill.
②He was bound ____ his promise.
③我将在我的能力范围内竭尽全力。
I will try my best ________________________________．
bounded
by
within the bounds of my ability
[要点突破]
①be in great demand需求量大
meet/satisfy one's demand(s) 满足某人的需求
②demand to do sth.要求做某事
demand that ...(should) do ...要求……做……
③demanding adj.要求高的；需要高技能(或耐性等)的；费力的；苛求的
[写作佳句]
The teacher demanded that the students (should) be on time to every class.
这位老师要求学生们每节课都准时到。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①The boss demanded that the work __________________(finish) within a week，which made Mary very upset.
②It is a technically __________________(demand) piece of music to play.
③The workers in this factory strongly demanded ___________(see) their manager.
be finished
demanding
to see
④老师要求我们所有人每天练习说英语。
Our teacher __________________________________________________ every day.
demanded that all of us should practice speaking English
[要点突破]
①tight adj.紧的；严密的；紧密的；拮据的adv.紧紧地；牢固地
in a tight corner/spot/place处于困境
②tighten v．(使)变紧；使更加严格
tighten up加强管理；严格要求
tighten one's belt束紧腰带；勒紧腰带(省吃俭用)
[写作佳句]
She closed her eyes tightly in a vain attempt to hold back the tears.
她紧紧闭上眼睛，试图忍住泪水，但泪水还是流了下来。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①He said he would take steps to tighten ____ the law.
②He picked up the sheets of paper，and balled them _____________(tight) in his fists.
③我今天的日程已经排得很满，所以明天才能见你。
I've __________________________ today so I can't see you until tomorrow.
up
tightly
got a very tight schedule
[要点突破]
①be desperate for sth.非常需要某物
be desperate to do sth.渴望做某事
in desperate need of急需
②desperately adv.绝望地；极度地
[写作佳句]
Desperate to be a volunteer，I do hope you can offer me the precious opportunity.
我渴望成为一名志愿者。我真的希望您能给我这个宝贵的机会。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①The photographer was desperate ______________(achieve) his goal.
②My heart froze in my chest as I saw the tractor heading towards the motorway.I ran ______________(desperate) but failed to catch up.
③看到考试成绩，我是如此绝望，以至于我感觉好像被扔进了黑暗的世界。
Seeing the results of the exam，I _________________________ as if I were thrown into a world of darkness.
to achieve
desperately
was so desperate that I felt
[情境探究]
①Though it was raining heavily, we still went on working.
虽然正下着大雨，但我们仍然继续工作。
②Hard though she tried，she failed in the examination.
虽然她很刻苦，但她考试还是没有及格。
③Child though he was, he did quite well.
他虽是个孩子，但干得很出色。
④Patient though he was, he was unwilling to wait three hours.
他虽然有耐心，但也不愿意等三个小时。
[要点突破]
①though意为“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句，可位于句首、句中或句末。
②though引导让步状语从句时不能与but连用，但可与yet、still等连用。
③though引导的让步状语从句可以倒装，也可以不倒装。用倒装语序时，作表语的名词或形容词和作状语的副词等要提前。若提前的是可数名词单数，要省略不定冠词。
though/although/as
[学以致用]
选词填空(although/though/as)/完成句子
①_____________________ birds use their feathers for flight，some of their feathers are for other purposes.
②Hot ______________ the night air was，we had a sound sleep because we were so tired after the long journey.
③—Why do people like pop music？I hate it so much.
—Even ____________ it is not your style，that doesn't mean it is bad.
Although/Though
as/though
though
④Clever ______________ he is，he doesn't study well.
⑤______________________ these measures are not effective forever，they are vital for now.
⑥他虽然年轻，但学识渊博。
____________________________________________________，he is quite knowledgeable.
⑦虽然他还是个孩子，但他懂得一些电的知识。
____________________________________________________，he knows something of electricity.
as/though
Although/Though
Although/Though he is young或Young though/as he is
Child as/though he is或Although/Though he is a child

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