资源简介

(共68张PPT)
UNIT 5　Learning from nature
(单元主题语境：人与自然——人类向自然界学习)
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
Ⅰ.重点词汇
1．________ n．池塘
2．______ v．播(种)
3．____________ n．智慧
4．______ n．蝙蝠
5．________________ adv.表面(上)地
6．______ v．鞠躬
7．__________ adj.农村的，乡村的
8．____________ adj.可接受的，相当好的
pond
sow
wisdom
bat
superficially
bow
rural
decent
9．___________ n．乡村小屋
10．______________ adj.驯养的；家养的
11．______________ adj.不情愿的；勉强的
12．____________ v．离开
13．________ n．(乡间的)小路
14．________ prep.在……顶上
15．___________ n．桑葚；桑树
cottage
domestic
reluctant
depart
lane
atop
mulberry
16．_____________ adj.植物(学)的
17．____________ v．得到，获得
18．________ n．舒适，悠闲
19．____________ v．评估，评价
botanical
attain
ease
evaluate
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．____________ v．使用，运用→________________ n．老板，雇主→________________ n．雇员→employment n．雇用；工作；就业
2．_____________ n．医生→physical adj.身体的
3．__________________ adv.不慌不忙地，从容不迫地→ deliberate adj.故意的；从容不迫的
4．____________ v．退出→withdrawal n．撤走；收回；取回；提款，取款
employ
employer
employee
physician
deliberately
withdraw
5．________________ adj.抑郁的→depress v．使沮丧；使消沉；使抑郁→depressed adj.沮丧的；抑郁的→________________ n．沮丧；消沉
6．____________ n．纯洁；洁净→pure adj.纯粹的；干净的
7．____________ v．使自己顺从于(做)某事；安于→resigned adj.逆来顺受的；顺从的→_________________ n．辞职；辞呈
8．__________ v．拒绝接受→rejection n．拒绝；抛弃
9．______________ n．满足(感)→__________ v．实现；履行，执行
depressive
depression
purity
resign
resignation
reject
fulfilment
fulfil
动词加后缀-ment构成名词，后缀-ment表示“行为状态、过程及其结果”。
employ→employment　fulfil→fulfilment
agree→agreement　move→movement
Ⅲ.短语互译
1．寻求解决方法 _____________________
2．从……中获取灵感 _________________________
3．不拘束，放松 ________________
4．换句话说；也就是说 ____________________
5．致力于，献身于 ________________________
seek solutions to
take inspiration from
at ease with
in other words
devote oneself to
6．in contrast to __________________
7．in return for ______________________
8．for good ___________________________
9．aim to do sth. _______________
10．be opposed to __________
与……形成对比
作为对……的回报
永久地；一劳永逸地
旨在做某事
反对……
Ⅳ.重点句式
1．句型：which引导非限制性定语从句
教材原句：And yet they shared an intense respect for nature，which made them each an influential figure of their time.
翻译：________________________________________________________ _______________________
然而，他们都非常尊重自然，这使他们在各自的时代都成为
有影响力的人物。
2．句型：while连接并列分句，表对比
教材原句：While Tao's return to nature was a reaction to a lifestyle he was opposed to，Thoreau's was a personal decision to transform the way he lived.
翻译：________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________
陶渊明回归自然是对自己反对的生活方式作出的一种反应，
而梭罗则是出于个人的决定而改变自己的生活方式。
3．句型：as引导方式状语从句
教材原句：It takes considerable courage to reject the easy and familiar and instead try to live closer to nature，as both Tao and Thoreau did.
翻译：_______________________________________________________ __________________________________
像陶渊明和梭罗那样，拒绝轻松熟悉的生活，转而尝试亲近
大自然，这需要相当大的勇气。
熟读精思·研读文本精华
Ⅰ.原文释译
Back to Nature
Tao Yuanming and Henry David Thoreau were both poets，but one lived in Ancient China and the other in 19th century America.Superficially，these two men，whose lives were separated in time by nearly 1，500 years，were polar opposites①.And yet they shared an intense② respect for③ nature，which made them each an influential figure of their time.
Both men made dramatic transformations④to their lives in order to reconnect with nature.As an official in the Eastern Jin Dynasty，Tao felt conflicted⑤ over life at court.In 405，he quit the service of the court for good⑥，expressing his unhappiness in the now famous line that he would not “bow⑦ like a servant in return for⑧ five dou of grain”．He spent the next 22 years until his death，working the land⑨ in a poor，rural⑩ area.From his poetry，we can learn that although his life was arduous，he succeeded in finding contentment in its simplicity and in drawing pleasure from nature.
While Tao's return to nature was a reaction to a lifestyle he was opposed to ，Thoreau's was a personal decision to transform the way he lived.He had a decent quality of life，but he wanted to live in a simpler way.For two years，two months and two days，he lived in a cottage in the forest on the edge of Walden Pond， focusing on himself and his writing．He explained his reason for doing so in Walden：“I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately，to front only the essential facts of life.” Both men were happy to withdraw from contemporary life，seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of their lives.
while表示“(对比两件事物)而，然而”。
现在分词短语作状语，focus与其逻辑主语he之间为主谓关系。
Although Tao and Thoreau do not treat nature in quite the same way，their works show its beauty and value.Tao's nature is a place of fields and villages，in other words，rural，and his animals are domestic ones，such as chickens and dogs.The calm and peaceful life he wrote about is in contrast to and critical of the depressive court life：
Beyond the dark and distance lies a village，
The smoke above reluctant to depart.
A dog is barking somewhere down the lane，
And chickens sit atop the mulberry tree.
本句为表示地点的介词短语位于句首引起的完全倒装，正常语序为“A village lies beyond the dark and distance”。
Thoreau's descriptions of nature emphasised the beauty and purity of the wild areas around him.Devoting himself to observations of the natural phenomena，he recorded his detailed findings in his journals.Thoreau's writing aimed to convince people that animals and plants had a right to live and prosper， as we do．We should live with them in harmony and enjoy nature's gifts，as he describes in his journals：
Live in each season as it passes；breathe the air，drink the drink，taste the fruit，and resign yourself to the influences of each.Let them be your only diet，drink and botanical medicines.
本句为as引导的方式状语从句，as表示“像……一样”。
It takes considerable courage to reject the easy and familiar and instead try to live closer to nature，as both Tao and Thoreau did.Their choices led them to quiet and reflective lives with fewer material desires.In today's modern world，their ideas about living simply and being at ease with nature may take us a step closer to attaining personal well-being and fulfilment.
◆难词注解
①polar opposites完全相反
polar adj.完全相反的；截然对立的
opposite n．[C]对立的人(或物)；对立面，反面
②intense adj.有强烈感情(或意见、想法)的；尖锐的；热切的
③respect for尊敬；尊重
④transformation n．[C，U](彻底的)变化；改观；转变；改革
transformation from ...to/into ...
从……到……的转变
⑤conflicted adj.(对某事)感到矛盾
be/feel conflicted about sth.对某事感到矛盾
conflict vi.(两种思想、信仰、说法等)冲突，抵触n.[C，U]冲突；争执；争论
⑥for good永久地；一劳永逸地
⑦bow vi.鞠躬；点头vt.低(头) vt.& vi.(使)弯曲
⑧in return for作为对……的回报
in return作为回报；作为回应
⑨work the land耕种土地
⑩rural adj.农村的，乡村的
urban adj.城市的，都市的
contentment n．[U]满足；满意
content adj.满意的
simplicity n．[U]质朴，淳朴；简单(性)，容易(性)；[C，usually pl.]简单(或质朴、朴素)之处
a reaction to ...对……的反应
reaction n．[C，U]反应；回应
be opposed to反对(to是介词，后面跟名词、代词或v.-ing形式作宾语)
decent adj.可接受的，相当好的
cottage n．[C]乡村小屋
front vt.& vi.面向
withdraw from ...从……中退出
withdraw v．退出
contemporary adj.当代的；现代的
seek a harmonious relationship with ...谋求与……的和谐关系
harmonious adj.友好和睦的；和谐的
domestic adj.驯养的；家养的
in contrast to/with ...与……形成对照/对比
be critical of ...批评/批判……
depressive adj.抑郁的；患抑郁症的
depress v．使抑郁；使沮丧；使消沉
purity n．[U]纯洁；洁净
pure adj.纯净的；纯粹的
convince sb.of sth./that使某人相信某事
convince vt.使确信；使相信；使信服；说服，劝说(某人做某事)
convincing adj.令人信服的，有说服力的
convinced adj.坚信的，确信的
resign oneself to听从于，顺从于
botanical adj.植物(学)的
reject v．拒绝接受；不予考虑
reflective adj.沉思的；深思的
reflect vt.& vi.认真思考；沉思
reflection n．反映；显示；映像；沉思；深思
at ease with不拘束，放松
ease n．[U]舒适，悠闲
attain v．得到，获得
attainment n．[U]达到，获得；[C，usually pl.]成就，造诣
well-being n．[U]健康；安乐
Ⅱ.文本理解
主旨大意
The text is mainly about ________________________________.
two poets' going back to nature
文章架构
conflicted
arduous
peaceful
decent
cottage
purity
transformations
withdrew
nature
material
细节探究
1．Why did Tao Yuanming quit the service of the court？(　　)
A．He was paid only five dou of grain.
B．He was tired of the conflict over life at court.
C．He could live a decent life in the rural area.
D．He was forced to do this by his superior.
2．What's the reason for Thoreau's return to nature？ (　　)
A．He wanted to seek a peaceful life.
B．He wanted to live a decent life.
C．He was forced by the conflict to do so.
D．The life he lived then was too arduous.
3．What is the feature of Tao's works？(　　)
A．A depressive court life.　　 B．A frontier style.
C．Jungle scenery. D．Fields and villages.
4．What does the author want people to do according to the passage？ (　　)
A．Live a life in the countryside.
B．Attain personal well-being and fulfilment.
C．Live with as much material as we can.
D．Live a free life.
答案：1～4 BADB
课文语法填空
Though separated in time by almost 1，500 years，Tao Yuanming and Thoreau both changed their 1.__________(life) dramatically to reconnect with nature，showing an intense respect for nature.
Feeling 2.___________(conflict) over life at court，Tao gave up the service of the court in 405 to live in a poor，rural area until he died.3.____ the contrary，Thoreau decided to change his lifestyle 4.___________(willing)，despite the fact that he had a decent life.He spent more than two years in a cottage 5.________ he focused on himself and his writing.
lives
conflicted
On
willingly
where
Both men were happy to withdraw from contemporary life and 6.________ (show) the beauty of nature in their works.Tao's works reflect 7.____ calm and peaceful life while Thoreau describes the purity of the wild areas，aiming 8.______________(persuade) people to live with animals and plants in harmony.
It is courageous for them to reject the easy and try to live 9.____________ (close) to nature.Their ideas about living simply and 10.__________(be) at ease with nature make us attain personal happiness easier.
showed
a
to persuade
closer
being
Ⅲ.教材熟词生义/一词多义
1．resign
①He resigned from the company in order to take a more challenging job. ______
②We had to resign ourselves to making a loss on the sale. ____________
辞职
勉强接受
2．withdraw
①He withdrew his remarks and explained what he had meant to say. ______
②She had to withdraw from the competition because of a leg injury. ______
③I'd like to withdraw some money from my account. _______________
收回
退出
提，取(款)
Ⅳ.教材续写积累
人与自然和谐共处
For two years，two months and two days，he lived in a cottage in the forest on the edge of Walden Pond，focusing on himself and his writing.
[仿写]完成句子
①窗外的小鸟把他叫醒了，他起床后看到窗外的绿树与庭院融为一体。
The birds outside the window woke him up，and he got up to __________ ___________________________________________________．
see the
green trees outside the window mixing with the courtyard
②我认为人类与自然的和谐共处能够给我们的生活带来安宁。
I think that the harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature can ___________________________．
bring peace to our lives
互动探究·精研核心知识
[要点突破]
①employ sb.as ...雇用某人担任……
employ sb.to do sth.雇用某人做某事
be employed in (doing) sth.忙于(做)某事
②employment n．雇用
out of employment失业
③employer n．雇主
④employee n．雇员
[写作佳句]
I would appreciate it if you could employ me.
如果你能雇用我，我将不胜感激。
[学以致用]
单句填空
①For the past three years he has been employed ____ a firefighter in the central district of the city.
②We have been employed _____________(look) at ways of reducing waste and we have made great progress.
③The government has taken effective measures to create more ____________(employ) opportunities.
as
to look
employment
[要点突破]
①bow to sb./sth.向某人/物鞠躬；向某人/物低头
bow down向……致敬；向……示弱
bow one's head低下头
②take a bow鞠躬致意；谢幕
[写作佳句]
As the lights dimmed，Ms.Wolff walked onstage and bowed，smiling.
灯光暗下来后，沃尔夫夫人走上舞台，微笑着鞠躬。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①Amazon admitted that it had no choice but to bow ____ Macmillan's demands.
②He put away his violin and gave __ graceful bow to the audience.
③The apple tree was bowed ________ with the weight of its fruit.
④她站着不动，低着头，双手紧扣在胸前。
She stood still，_______________，hands clasped in front of her chest.
to
a
down
head bowed
[要点突破]
①withdraw为不规则动词，其过去式为withdrew，过去分词为withdrawn
withdraw from sth.(使)离开，退出
withdraw to撤退至，退到
withdraw sth.out of从……取出某物
②withdrawal n．撤走；收回；提款
[写作佳句]
Just at that time，the wolf might feel the threats from the people，starting to withdraw.
就在那时，狼可能感觉到了来自人的威胁，开始撤退。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①He reached into his pocket and ________________(withdraw) a sheet of notepaper.
②After half an hour or so，he withdrew ________ the meeting quietly.
③His ______________(withdraw)from the election attracted people's great attention.
④这种药物已从市场上撤下进行进一步的试验。
The drug _____________________________________ for further tests.
withdrew
from
withdrawal
has been withdrawn from the market
[写作佳句]
He was reluctant to leave me，but he had no choice.
他不愿意离开我，但又别无选择。
[学以致用]
单句填空
①I wonder if he sensed my _______________(reluctant) to be seen with him during our walks.
②She ____________(reluctant) agreed to step down as managing director.
reluctance
reluctantly
[要点突破]
①resign one's post/position辞去某人的职务
resign oneself to (doing) sth.听任/顺从/只好接受(做)某事
resign ...to ...把……托付给……
resign from从……辞职
resign as辞去……职务
②resignation n．辞职；辞职信；辞呈
[写作佳句]
As he has no opportunity to achieve his ambition，he intends to resign from the company.
由于他没有机会实现自己的抱负，他打算从公司辞职。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①I am writing to inform you of my decision to resign ________ my current position.
②As far as I know，he resigned ____ a member of the committee.
③Mr.Morgan has offered his _______________(resign) and it has been accepted.
from
as
resignation
④虽然我浑身是汗并且很累，但我不想半途而废。
Although I was sweating all over and became very tired，I didn't want to ____________________________ halfway.
resign myself to giving up
[要点突破]
①rejection n．[C，U]拒绝
②refuse vi.& vt.拒绝；回绝
refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事
[写作佳句]
If you do not want to do that，reject it completely.
如果你不想这样做，就彻底地拒绝它。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①His request ________________(reject) by the boss.
②If people are unkind to him，he will feel ____________(reject).
③I was annoyed at her ____________(reject) of my offer.
④他们拒绝承担他们的责任。
They _________________________________．
was rejected
rejected
rejection
refused to take their responsibility
[要点突破]
at ease with不拘束，放松
be/feel at (one's) ease感到舒适；感到自在
with ease轻易地；毫不费力地
put sb.at ease使放松；使舒适自在；使安心
[写作佳句]
(2024·新课标 Ⅱ 卷)The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else.
要缓解目的地游客过多的压力，最好的方法就是去别处旅游。
[学以致用]
单句填空/句式升级
①I felt ____ ease with my new school life half a month later.
②It is obvious that no one can quit smoking ________ ease without strong will and determination.
③When you feel nervous，you'd better listen to some light music to relax yourself.
→When you feel nervous，you'd better listen to some light music to _____________________．
at
with
put yourself at ease
[情境探究]
①While I admit that the problems are difficult, I don't agree that they cannot be solved.
尽管我承认这些问题很棘手，但要说它们无法解决，我是不赞同的。
②He likes playing basketball，while I like listening to music.
他喜欢打篮球，而我喜欢听音乐。
③The telephone rang while I was walking in the garden.
我在花园里散步时电话响了。
[要点突破]
①while用作并列连词，意为“而，然而”，表示前后意义的对比或转折。
②while引导时间状语从句时，while表示“当……的时候”。
③while引导让步状语从句时，如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且从句的谓语又含有be动词的某种形式时，从句的主语和be动词可以省略。
④while引导条件状语从句时相当于as long as，意为“只要”。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①_________ Mary was writing a letter，the children were playing outside.
②I lived in a hostel __________ I was in Beijing.
③虽然我承认他的优点，但我也能看到他的缺点。
_____________________________，I can see his shortcomings.
While
while
While I admit his good points
④东南部雨量充足，而西北部很少下雨。
There's plenty of rain in the southeast，____________________________．
while there's little in the northwest

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