资源简介

(共69张PPT)
UNIT 6　Nature in words
(单元主题语境：人与自然——不同文学形式中对自然的描写)
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
Ⅰ.重点词汇
1．________ v．开花
2．______ v．逐渐消失；褪色
3．__________ n．小麦
4．________ v．堆放，摞起
5．________ adj.轻柔的；温和的
6．__________ v．吹过，掠过
7．__________ n．四轮运货车
bloom
fade
wheat
pile
gentle
sweep
wagon
8．______ v．禁止，取缔
9．___________ n．后院
10．___________ adj.垂死的，奄奄一息的
11．___________ v．颤抖，发抖
12．_________ v．生机勃勃；热闹
13．__________ n．合唱曲
14．_________ n．知更鸟
15．___________ n．猫鹊
ban
backyard
moribund
tremble
throb
chorus
robin
catbird
16．________ n．鸽子
17．______ n．松鸦
18．________ n．鹪鹩(一种褐色小鸟)
19．__________ n．沼泽，湿地
20．__________ n．寓言
21．__________ v．提醒，使(某人)意识到
22．_____________ adv.故意地
dove
jay
wren
marsh
fable
alert
knowingly
23．__________ number 一打；许多
24．______________ adj.仔细的；缜密的
25．____________ n．推出，发起
26．_______________ adj.死后获得的
27．____________ adj.海洋的
28．______________ n．名誉，名望
29．______________ n．钻石
dozen
thorough
launch
posthumous
marine
reputation
diamond
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．__________ n．魅力，魔力→charming adj.令人着迷的，迷人的，吸引人的
2．__________ adj.轻柔的；温和的→gently adv.轻柔地；温和地
3．___________ adj.困惑的，无法理解的→puzzle v．迷惑，(使)困惑 n．智力游戏；不解之谜；疑问→puzzling adj.令人迷惑的
4．_________ adj.精确的；一丝不苟的→precisely adv.精确地；一丝不苟地
charm
gentle
puzzled
precise
5．___________ n．优美；简洁→elegant adj.优美的；简洁的→elegantly adv.优美地
6．_____________ adj.具有强烈信念的→passion n．强烈情感；激情
elegance
passionate
形容词后缀-ing表示主动意义，多指事物影响到人，通常指“使人(感到)……的”。
charm→charming　interest→interesting
surprise→surprising　excite→exciting
Ⅲ.短语互译
1．认识到；意识到；醒来发现 __________________
2．除……以外(还) _________________
3．而不是 _______________
4．公开地，当众；大庭广众 ____________
5．被认为是；被看作 _________________
6．in particular _______________
7．stand by _________________________________
8．make sb.aware of __________________
wake up to
in addition to
rather than
in public
be regarded as
尤其，特别
坚持；遵守；支持；袖手旁观
让某人意识到
Ⅳ.重点句式
1．句型：形容词(短语)作状语
教材原句：Many people spoke of them，puzzled and disturbed.
翻译：_____________________________________
许多人谈论着它们，感到迷惑和不安。
2．句型：(1)not ...but ...
(2)though引导让步状语从句
教材原句：This is not so much because of the quality of her arguments，strong though they are，but because of the beauty and elegance of her writing.
翻译：________________________________________________________ ______________________________________
这并不都是因为她书中高质量的论点是多么强有力，而是因
为她美丽高雅的文笔让读者喜欢。
3．句型：unless引导条件状语从句
教材原句：For unless we do listen to Rachel Carson's warning，one day we may wake up to the strange and quiet horror of another silent spring.
翻译：______________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________
因为如果我们不听从蕾切尔·卡森的劝告，可能有一天在我们
醒来之后，真的会面对一个古怪而又相当恐怖的寂静的春天。
熟读精思·研读文本精华
Ⅰ.原文释译
Silent Spring
There was a strange stillness①.The birds，for example—where had they gone？Many people spoke of ②them， puzzled③and disturbed．The feeding stations④in the backyards⑤were deserted⑥.The few birds seen anywhere were moribund⑦；they trembled⑧ violently and could not fly.It was a spring without voices.On the mornings that had once throbbed⑨with the dawn chorus⑩of robins，catbirds，doves，jays，wrens，and scores of other bird voices there was now no sound；only silence lay over the fields and woods and marsh .
两个形容词化的过去分词在句子中作状语，描述主语的状态、特征。
过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰birds。
关系词that引导定语从句，修饰先行词mornings。
Rachel Carson was a scientist by profession ，but these lines from the opening chapter of her 1962 book Silent Spring，“A Fable for Tomorrow”，show her talent as a writer.By imagining a world without birds，she aimed to alert not only the scientific community but also the general public to the damaging effects of human activity on natural ecosystems—in particular，to the harmful use of pesticides，such as DDT.She believed that the chemical industry was knowingly causing harm to plants，animals and even humans，and wished to see pesticides used in a more responsible，limited and carefully monitored way．
此处为“see＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，过去分词短语“used in ...way”作宾语补足语；过去分词monitored作定语修饰way。
Carson urged people to make themselves aware of the facts and do something about the situation.Silent Spring contains a lot of scientific research and case studies.The book details the gypsy moth eradication programme，which killed birds，in addition to gypsy moths.Another case study was the fire-ant programme that killed cows，but not fire ants.The book also gives dozens of other examples of eradication programmes that did nothing to reduce the problems they were originally designed to solve.The 50 or so pages at the end of the book list Carson's sources， showing how thorough and precise she was as a scientist.
现在分词短语作状语，其中“how thorough ...scientist”作宾语。
Carson's message was very alarming ， causing a great increase in environmental awareness .Its impact was immediate and far-reaching ：the use of DDT was banned and the Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)was established in the US.Silent Spring was therefore regarded as a milestone in the launch of the green movement in the Western world.It also earned Carson a posthumous Presidential Medal of Freedom and put her face on the 17-cent US stamp.
现在分词短语作结果状语。
Silent Spring was not，however，received positively by everyone. Though Carson's research was strong and was supported by most scientists who reviewed her work，the book quickly became a target for critics in the pesticide industry.They said that Carson did not understand the science behind her arguments because she was a marine biologist rather than a chemist.Some also said that her work was more emotional than scientific.These were attempts to
damage Carson's reputation and stop her work from influencing public policy，but she remained determined to stand by her research.Carson appeared in public and on television to defend her claims —and today，more than 50 years after it was published，the voice of Silent Spring is still ringing loud and clear.
Though引导让步状语从句，其中who引导定语从句。
◆难词注解
①stillness n．静止；安静
②speak of提起
③puzzled adj.困惑的，无法理解的
puzzle vt.迷惑，使困惑 n．[C]谜，智力游戏；不解之谜，疑问
puzzling adj.令人迷惑不解的
④feeding station饲喂站
⑤backyard n．[C]后院
⑥desert vt.废弃；抛弃；舍弃 n．[C，U]沙漠
[形近]dessert n．[U，C](饭后)甜点，甜食
⑦moribund adj.垂死的，奄奄一息的
⑧tremble v．颤抖，发抖
⑨throb v．生机勃勃；热闹
⑩chorus n．[C]合唱曲
scores of很多，大量
score n．[C]二十个，约二十个
marsh n．[C，U]沼泽，湿地
by profession以……为职，以……为业
the opening chapter第一章
the opening remarks开场白
fable n．[C，U]寓言，寓言故事
aim to do sth.＝aim at doing sth.力争做到某事
be aimed at ...针对……，对象是……；旨在……
alert v．提醒，使(某人)意识到
alert sb.to sth.提醒某人注意某事/某物；使某人意识到某事
the scientific community科学界
the general public普通百姓，公众
damaging effects破坏性影响
knowingly adv.故意地
knowing adj.会意的，心照不宣的，知情的
a knowing smile会意的微笑
cause harm to ...对……造成伤害
urge sb.to do sth.敦促某人做某事
dozens of许多，很多
dozen number一打；许多
thorough adj.仔细的；缜密的
precise adj.精确的；一丝不苟的
alarming adj.使人惊恐的，令人惊慌的
alarmed adj.担心的，害怕的
alarm vt.使惊恐，使担心 n．[U]惊恐，恐慌；[C]警报
environmental awareness环境意识
far-reaching adj.影响深远的；广泛的
milestone n．[C]重要事件，重要阶段；转折点；里程碑
launch n．推出，发起
posthumous adj.死后获得的
positively adv.绝对地；肯定地
strong adj.[熟词生义]难以辩驳的，确凿的
become a target for ...成为……的攻击对象
a marine biologist海洋生物学家
marine adj.海洋的
marine life海洋生物
reputation n．[C，U]名誉，名望
damage/ruin one's reputation
有损/毁坏某人的名声
stand by坚持
defend one's claims捍卫某人的主张
ring v．(优美的声音)回荡
difficult-to-understand难以理解的
elegance n．[U]优美；简洁
elegant adj.优美的，文雅的；精美的；简洁的
deserve to be done＝deserve doing值得做……
passionate adj.热诚的；具有强烈信念的
◆小知识
总统自由勋章(Presidential Medal of Freedom)是美国最高荣誉的文职勋章，由美国总统一年一度颁发，与国会金质奖章并列为美国最高的平民荣誉。受奖者不一定是美国公民。总统自由勋章向在科学、文化、体育和社会活动等领域作出杰出贡献的人颁发。
Ⅱ.文本理解
文章架构
damaging
pesticides
Strong
language
precise
increase
细节探究
1．Which book was regarded as a milestone in the launch of the green movement in the Western world？(　　)
A．The Edge of the Sea. B.Under the Sea Wind.
C．Silent Spring. D．First Snow.
2．Why was Silent Spring so successful？ (　　)
A.Because it caused a great increase in environmental awareness.
B．Because the writer was very famous.
C．Because it reflected the realism.
D．Because the bird described was very nice.
3．What's the topic of Silent Spring？(　　)
A．Love，hope，human.
B．Nature，love，life.
C．Environment，life，human.
D．Environment，love，human.
答案：1～3 CAC
课文语法填空
Rachel Carson，a scientist by profession，wrote Silent Spring，aiming 1.__________(alert) people to the damaging effects of human activity on natural ecosystems，especially the harmful use of pesticides such as DDT and wishing to see them used in a 2.________(much) responsible，limited and carefully 3._____________(monitor) way.
to alert
more
monitored
Carson contained a lot of scientific information，research and 4.________ (example) in Silent Spring，describing in detail dozens of campaigns that were 5.___________(original) designed to solve problems but killed other animals. Moreover，she 6.___________(add) about 50 pages about where she got the information for her book.
Silent Spring was 7.____ great success，causing a great increase in environmental awareness.It led to not only the ban on DDT but also the establishment of the EPA，so it was regarded as a milestone in the launch of the green movement in the Western world，and earned her many honors.
examples
originally
added
a
Unfortunately，it was also strongly criticized by critics in the pesticide industry，8.______ claimed that she didn't understand the science because she wasn't a chemist.However，she didn't lose heart 9.____ face of the challenges，defending her arguments in public.
The book with its beautiful and elegant language deserves 10.__________ _________(read)even today，because without it，we may face a horrible silent world.
who
in
reading/to
be read
Ⅲ.教材熟词生义/一词多义
1．launch
①The programme was launched a year ago. ______
②The two countries signed an agreement to jointly launch satellites. ______
启动
发射
2．thorough
①Martin would be a good judge，I thought.He was calm and thorough. _________
②We are making a thorough investigation. _________
③To me，this seemed like a thorough waste of time. _________
仔细的
彻底的
完全的
Ⅳ.教材续写积累
自然环境描写——鸟
On the mornings that had once throbbed with the dawn chorus of robins，catbirds，doves，jays，wrens，and scores of other bird voices there was now no sound；only silence lay over the fields and woods and marsh.
[仿写]完成句子
森林是一支由鸟儿们组成的管弦乐队，演奏着一首又一首迷人的交响乐。
The forest is the orchestra ______________________________________ _____________ after another.
consisted of the birds，playing one enchanting
symphony
互动探究·精研核心知识
[要点突破]
①ban sb.(from) doing sth.禁止某人做某事
be banned from doing sth.被禁止做某事
②There is/was a ban on/against ...禁止……；禁令……
put a ban on ...禁止……
under a ban受禁止；被查禁
[写作佳句]
In my opinion，students' taking cellphones should not be banned，but should be limited to certain areas.
依我看，学生带手机不该被禁止，但应该被限制在某些区域内。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①She was fined $300 and banned from ______________(drive) for one month.
②The company has put __ ban on using pirated software.
③禁止在所有室内公共场合吸烟。
There is ___________________________ in all indoor public places.
driving
a
a ban on/against smoking
[要点突破]
①be puzzled at/about ...对……迷惑不解
②puzzle v．迷惑，使困惑n.智力游戏；不解之谜；疑问
puzzle about/over冥思苦想；仔细琢磨
puzzle sth.out琢磨出……的答案
③puzzling adj.令人迷惑的
[写作佳句]
What puzzled me was why he left this country secretly.
令我不解的是，他为什么悄悄地离开了这个国家。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①People have long puzzled ______________ how the Egyptians moved such huge rocks.
②The little girl looked at the host with a ______________ expression. Because it was quite ___________．(puzzle)
③How life began on Earth is one of the biggest __________(puzzle) that scientists found hard to solve.
over/about
puzzled
puzzling
puzzles
④The teacher's explanation clarified the ___________(puzzle) problem.
⑤他脸上困惑的表情表明他正在苦苦思索这个让人苦恼的问题。
The ____________________________ suggested he was puzzling over the puzzling problem.
puzzling
puzzled look on his face
[要点突破]
①to be precise准确地说；确切地说
be precise about ...在……方面准确；严谨对待
at that precise moment就(恰好)在那个时候
②precisely adv.精确地；恰好；细心地
more precisely更确切地说
[写作佳句]
To be precise，he has been admitted into the key university.
准确地说，他已经被这所重点大学录取了。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①I can be reasonably precise __________ the time of the incident.
②And that's _____________(precise) why one garbage-eating man has caught our attention.
③我们正谈论着她，恰好在那个时候，她走进来了。
We were just talking about her when，_________________________，she walked in.
about
precisely
at that precise moment
[要点突破]
①the launch of ...发起(运动)；(火箭的)发射；(船)下水；(新产品)投产
②launch out开始从事，投身于(新的、尤指更令人兴奋的事业)
launch into (热情地)开始做；投入
[写作佳句]
It's time I launched out on my own.
该是我自己创业的时候了。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①Then he launched ________ an emotional recitation of a poem by Su Dongpo from the Song Dynasty.
②The students are waiting to see the manned spacecraft ______________ (launch).
③中国将与其他发展中国家开展一些应对气候变化的合作项目。
China will _________________________________ with other developing countries for climate change.
into
launched
launch some cooperation projects
[要点突破]
have a reputation for ...有……的名声
have a good/bad reputation有美名/恶名
earn sb.a good reputation为某人赢得好名声
earn/enhance/establish a reputation as ...赢得/提高/确立作为……的声誉
live up to one's reputation名副其实；不负盛名
[写作佳句]
She devoted herself entirely to her research and this earned her a good reputation in her field.
她全身心投入她的研究，这为她在她所在行业赢得了好名声。
[学以致用]
单句填空/完成句子
①China has got a good reputation ______ fighting against poverty with its careful and smooth organization.
②Mark Twain has earned a reputation ______ one of the best-known American writers in the nineteenth century.
③这家餐馆还可以，但没有人们所说的那么好。
The restaurant is acceptable but ________________________________．
for
as
does not live up to its reputation
[情境探究]
①Excited and overjoyed, the children rushed to the front.
孩子们兴奋不已、欣喜若狂地跑到了前面。
②After two hours they finally reached the top of the mountain，tired but happy.
两个小时后，他们终于到达了山顶，很累但很开心。
③Determined to put all my heart into baseball，I promised the coach that I would give up the job.
我决定全身心投入棒球运动中，于是答应教练放弃这份工作。
④The girl was lying in bed，awake, listening to the wind outside the window.
这个女孩正躺在床上，听着窗外的风声，毫无睡意。
[要点突破]
puzzled and disturbed为形容词短语作状语。
①形容词(短语)作状语的用法结构：可以是单个形容词，也可以是形容词短语，一般要用逗号将其和句子的其他部分分开。
②位置：通常位于句子主语前或句子主语后，有时位于句末。
③作用：一般用于说明主语的状态，可表示原因、结果、伴随状况等。
[学以致用]
完成句子
①林涛很乐意接受这个建议，他点头同意了。
Lin Tao，_______________________________，nodded his agreement.
②我既尴尬又羞愧，无法集中精力做任何事情。
___________________________，I can't concentrate on anything.
glad to accept the suggestion
Embarrassed and ashamed
③由于害怕受责备，小汤姆一到家就直接去了自己房间。
_________________________，little Tom went to his own room directly the moment he got home.
④托尼既惊讶又高兴，站起来接受了奖品。
_______________________，Tony stood up and accepted the prize.
Afraid of being scolded
Surprised and happy

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