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(共25张PPT)
Unit 5
Looking into nature
Understanding ideas Grammar
2026新外研版八下
能在语篇中识别宾语从句，掌握 that/if/whether 的基本用法与区别。；
能在写作中正确运用宾语从句，表达观点与探究思考。
能正确使用引导词，完成句型填空与造句，使用陈述语序；
Review the story.
Let’s retell.
about the dinosaur
about the flower
about the ants
a window on the past
a key to unlock more secrets of nature
1. secrets
2. Thanks to
3. (always) changed
4. 35 million / thirty-five million
5. unknown
6. ant
7. window
8. nature
Review the story.
Let’s retell.
动词
动词
宾语
宾语从句：放在动词后面作宾语的句子
宾语从句
宾语从句
Read and find.
However, thanks to a piece of amber, scientists now know that this idea is wrong.
They also help us understand that life on earth has always changed.
But the find proves that it did 35 million years ago.
In the future, amber may also help us discover if other species have changed over time.
Research shows that they are a completely new species.
Scientists used to believe that ants came from the northern half of the earth.
Who knows whether this piece of amber will tell us more secrets
表示肯定或陈述内容时，用that引导宾语从句。
表示“是否”这种不确定的概念时，用if或whether引导宾语从句。
Read and find.
Object clauser 宾语从句
一、什么是宾语从句？（定义）
我们先回忆一个基础句子结构：
主语 + 谓语 + 宾语
比如：I buy a book.
I 是主语，buy 是谓语动词，a book 是宾语（用一个短语当宾语）。
但如果我们想表达更复杂的意思，比如：我知道 你昨天去看电影了
这里 “你昨天去看电影了” 是一个完整的句子，没法用一个单词 / 短语表达，所以我们把这个完整句子放在动词（know）后面当宾语，这个当宾语的完整句子，就叫宾语从句。
Object clauser 宾语从句
三、用法 1：that 引导的宾语从句
1. 什么时候用 that？
当主句的动词表达肯定、确定的想法时，比如 “希望、相信、知道、认为、说” 这类动词，后面的从句就用 that 引导。
常见动词：hope, believe, think, know, say, feel, hear, see, tell 等
二、宾语从句分几类？
一共 3 种引导词，本单元先学前两种：
that 引导的宾语从句
whether / if 引导的宾语从句
疑问词（what/when/where 等）引导的宾语从句（后续单元学）
Object clauser 宾语从句
2. that 有什么特点？
that 没有实际意思，只是一个 “连接词”，告诉大家后面的句子是前面动词的宾语。
绝大多数情况下，that 可以省略，不影响句子意思。
3. 例句（带翻译）
I hope (that) it will snow this winter.
我希望今年冬天会下雪。
I believe (that) we shall become good friends.
我相信我们会成为好朋友。
Betty thinks (that) trees can improve the air quality.
Betty 认为树木可以改善空气质量。
Object clauser 宾语从句
四、用法 2：whether /if 引导的宾语从句
1. 什么时候用 whether/if？
当主句表达不确定、疑问的想法时，比如 “不知道、不清楚、想知道、问” 这类动词，后面的从句要用 whether 或 if 引导，表达 “是否” 的意思，不能用 that。
2. whether 和 if 怎么选？
没有 or not 时，两个词都能用：
He asks whether / if we will go fishing on Sunday.
他问我们星期天是否会去钓鱼。
有 or not 时，只能用 whether，固定搭配 whether...or not：
He does not know whether they will plant trees on Saturday or not.
Object clauser 宾语从句
Connect the sentences with that, if or whether.
Scientists aren’t sure if / whether there is life in outer space.
John told his parents that he wanted to be a scientist and study plants.
Emily wants to know if / whether Mr Brown is interested in insects or birds.
Scientists aren’t sure
John told his parents
Mr Brown is interested in insects or birds.
if / whether
there is life in outer space.
that
he wanted to be a scientist and study plants.
if / whether
Emily wants to know
一般疑问句，表示“是否”，用if或whether引导
肯定句，表示肯定或陈述内容，用that引导
一般疑问句，表示“是否”，用if或whether引导
一般过去时
Connect the sentences with that, if or whether.
Complete the messages with that, if or whether.
if / whether
that
if / whether
that
that
if / whether
1. What is Daniel’s question on the message board
Daniel saw that the museum missed Pluto in the model of the solar system. He wants to know if / whether this is a mistake.
2. Why isn’t Pluto one of the planets in the solar system
In 2006, scientists agreed that a true planet: (1) moves around the sun; (2) is round (or nearly round); (3) can clear things in its way. Pluto doesn’t meet the third point.
3. What can you learn from the messages
People's understanding of nature keeps changing.
4. What discoveries of nature do you know
Read and answer.
1. What is Daniel’s question on the message board
Daniel saw that the museum missed Pluto in the model of the solar system. He wants to know if / whether this is a mistake.
2. Why isn’t Pluto one of the planets in the solar system
In 2006, scientists agreed that a true planet: (1) moves around the sun; (2) is round (or nearly round); (3) can clear things in its way. Pluto doesn’t meet the third point.
if / whether
that
if / whether
that
that
if / whether
Read and answer.
Read the notice.
Group work. Decide on one discovery and answer the questions.
1. What is the discovery
2. Who made the discovery
3. What’s amazing about it
4. What can you learn from it
1. What is the discovery
For hundreds of years, people believed that...; The discovery of... has changed old beliefs about...; By..., ... found / realised / saw that...; Research shows that...
2. Who made the discovery
By..., ... found / realised / saw that...; ... made an amazing discovery.
3. What’s amazing about it
It’s amazing that...; What’s amazing is that...; It proves that...; Research shows that...; ... unlock the secrets of nature.
4. What can you learn from it
It teaches us that...; I can learn that...; We should put more effort into...
Group work. Decide on one discovery and answer the questions.
1. What is the discovery
For hundreds of years, people believed that...; The discovery of... has changed old beliefs about...; By..., ... found / realised / saw that...; Research shows that...
Example
By watching and listening carefully, scientists have discovered that whales use these sounds to talk to each other in the ocean.
Group work. Decide on one discovery and answer the questions.
2. Who made the discovery
By..., ... found / realised / saw that...; ... made an amazing discovery.
Example
In the 1960s, a scientist named Roger Payne studied humpback whales. He made an amazing discovery. Their sounds were special repetitive patterns, just like human songs.
His research shows that whale songs can travel very far underwater. Whales use these songs to share information, find food and look for friends. Sometimes, many whales sing the same song, and the song can change over time.
3. What’s amazing about it
It’s amazing that...; What’s amazing is that...; It proves that...; Research shows that...; ... unlock the secrets of nature.
Group work. Decide on one discovery and answer the questions.
4. What can you learn from it
It teaches us that...; I can learn that...; We should put more effort into...
Example
This discovery teaches us that animals have smart ways to communicate. If we pay attention, we can learn many wonderful things about nature.
Group work. Decide on one discovery and answer the questions.
Write your passage.
Let’s check in pairs. Then share in class.
Evaluation criteria:
Introduce what the discovery is and who made it.
Describe what is amazing about it.
Explain what can be learnt from it.
Use the words and expressions from the reading passage and the Useful expressions.
Use object clauses correctly.
Basic (基础)
订正课堂练习，整理宾语从句例句，熟读背诵；
完善写作短文，修改宾语从句的使用，确保语法正确；
Improving(提升)
Extend (拓展)
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