资源简介

(共41张PPT)
Unit 1 Art
Reading and Thinking:
Learn about different painting styles in Western art
Contents
Pre-reading
While-reading
Post-reading
Language Points
Homework
Part 1: Pre-reading
What do you know about this painting
School of Athens
《雅典学院》
The painting is of the fresco (湿壁画) painting School of Athens by Raphael (拉斐尔, 1483-1520). It was painted between 1509 and 1511 on a wall in the Apostolic Palace in Vatican City (梵蒂冈城的使徒宫殿).
The fresco shows many famous philosophers such as Plato（柏拉图）, Aristotle（亚里士多德）, Socrates（苏格拉底）, and Pythagoras（毕达哥拉斯）, though it is not clear who they all are. Although all shown together, they were not all contemporaries (同时期的；同一时代的).
Fresco painting is a technique of painting on wet plaster (灰泥). Water is mixed with dry powdered paint (研磨好的干粉颜料), so the painting mixes with the plaster and becomes part of the wall.
壁画是一种在湿灰泥上进行绘画的技法。水与干粉颜料混合后涂在灰泥上，这样绘画作品就会与灰泥融为一体，成为墙面的一部分。
Raphael was the architect of the high renaissance, a short period in Italian history when many incredible works of art were produced. Other famous artists of this period include Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo.
拉斐尔是意大利文艺复兴盛期的杰出代表，这一时期虽短暂，但意大利艺术界却涌现出众多令人惊叹的作品。同时期的其他著名艺术家还有列奥纳多·达·芬奇和米开朗基罗。
Do you know who created the following wellknown paintings
Vincent Van Gogh(1853 — 1890)
The Sunflowers
Guernica(格尔尼卡)
Pablo Picasso (1881-1973)
Do you know who created the following wellknown paintings
Claude Monet (1840 — 1926),
Sunrise (日出)
Do you know who created the following wellknown paintings
Mona Lisa
Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)
Do you know who created the following wellknown paintings
Part 2: while-reading
Read the passage (P2-3) and learn about a short history of western painting.
What is Western art It is hard to give a precise definition. As there have been so many different styles of Western art, it is impossible to describe them all in a short text. Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries.
it is +adj+to do sth 做某事是....的，
it为形式主语, to do为真正的主语
给出一个准确的定义
as表示原因，引导原因状语
there be 句型表示存在
it is +adj+to do sth
the best way to do… is to do…做……事的最佳办法是去……
What is Western art It is hard to give a precise definition. As there have been so many different styles of Western art, it is impossible to describe them all in a short text. Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries.
什么是西方艺术？很难给出一个精确的定义。由于西方的艺术风格多种多样，在短短的一篇课文里不可能进行全面的描述。也许了解西方艺术的最好方法就是看看几个世纪以来西方绘画的发展。
1. What is the function of Paragraph One
2. What is the best way to understand Western art
To introduce the topic.
To look at the development of Western painting over the centuries.
The Middle Ages (from the 5th to the 15th century)
During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity. Thus, artists were not interested in painting realistic scenes.Their works were often primitive and two-dimensional, and the main characters were often made much larger than everyone else to show their importance.
...的目的是...
adj.现实的；逼真的
adj. 二维的
adj.原始的；发展水平低的；落后的
n. 人物，角色
to do 作目的状语
中世纪（5世纪到15世纪）
在中世纪，西方艺术的目的是向人们传授基督教。因此，艺术家对写实场景不感兴趣。他们的作品通常较为粗糙且二维化，主体人物通常比其他人物大得多，以显示他们的重要性。
This began to change in the 13th century with Giotto di Bondone(1267-1337). While his paintings still had religious themes, they showed real people in a real environment. In particular, his paintings are set apart from other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact.
while引导让步状语从句
乔托·迪·邦多纳
adj.宗教的
尤其；特别
与众不同；突出
adj. 写实的，逼真的
这种情况在13世纪时因乔托·迪·邦多纳（1267-1337)而开始改变。尽管他的画仍然是宗教主题，但它们展示的是真实环境中的真实人物。尤其是他的画作，因其逼真的人物面貌和深刻的情感冲击而从其他画作中脱颖而出。
3. Which of the following statements is TRUE ____
A. Paintings in the Middle Ages were very realistic.
B. Western art has changed a lot since the 5th century.
C. The Impressionist paintings were painted mainly
indoors.
D. Modern art began in the Renaissance.
4. What set Giotto di Bondone's paintings apart from other paintings
His paintings showed real people in a real environment.
B
The Renaissance (from the 14th to the 17th century)
New ideas and values gradually replaced old ones from the Middle Ages. As a result, painters concentrated less on religious themes. They began to adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. An important breakthrough during this period was the use of perspective by Masaccio (1401-1428).
vt. 取代，代替
因此
集中（注意力）于，关注
vt.采用
a… attitude to/towards 对.....采取……的态度
n.重大进展；突破
n. 透视法
文艺复兴时期（14世纪到17世纪）
新的思想和价值观逐渐取代了中世纪的思想和价值观。因此，画家较少关注宗教主题。他们开始持一种更人性化的生活态度。这一时期的一个重要突破是马萨乔（1401-1428）对透视法的运用。
adj. 人文主义的；人道主义的
Influential painters such as Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), Michelangelo (1475-1564), and Raphael (1483-1520) built upon Giotto and Masaccio’s innovations to produce some of the greatest art that Europe had ever seen.
adj. 有影响力的；有支配力的
莱昂纳多·达·芬奇
米开朗琪罗
拉斐尔
build on/upon在...的基础上发展
n. 创新
that引导定语从句，修饰art
一些颇具影响力的画家，例如莱昂纳多·达·芬奇（1452-1519）、米开朗琪罗（1475-1564）和拉斐尔（1483-1520），在乔托和马萨乔的创新基础上继续发展，创造出欧洲前所未有的一些最伟大的艺术作品。
Another innovation was the use of oil paints. With their deep colours and realism, some of the best oil paintings look like photographs. While painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil, this technique reached its height with Rembrandt (1606-1669), who gained a reputation as a master of shadow and light.
n.现实主义
油画颜料
看起来像
while引导让步状语从句
早在...时期
完成时：已经用过
达到顶峰
赢得...的名声
另一个创新是油画颜料的使用。由于其深沉的色彩和现实主义风格，一些油画佳品看上去就像是照片。尽管早在达芬奇时代一些画家就已使用油彩绘画，但伦勃朗使得这种技艺达到了顶峰，他拥有“光影大师”的雅称。
In subject matter, the emphasis increasingly shifted from religious themes to people and the world around us. Kings, nobles, and people
of high rank wanted to purchase accurate pictures of themselves and the people they loved. Others wanted paintings showing important historical events or stories from mythology. Finally, most clients wanted paintings that were beautiful and interesting to look at.
n. 强调；重视
从 ...到...转变
地位很高的人
n.&vt. 购买；采购
V-ing作后置定语，修饰paintings
重大历史事件
n.神话
n.委托人;客户
that引导定语从句，修饰paintings
在题材上，画作重点逐渐从宗教主题转移到人和我们周围的世界。国王、贵族和上流社会人士都想购买自己和所爱之人的精准画像。其他人则想要展示重要历史事件或神话故事的画作。最后，大多数客户都想要看起来美丽有趣的画作。
5. In the Renaissance, painters____
A. painted religious scenes in a more realistic style
B. focused more on religion than on humans
C. began to paint outdoors
D. began to adopt the use of perspective and oil paints
6. What do we know about the Renaissance ____
A. Leonardo da Vinci invented oil paints during this period.
B. Some of the greatest oil paintings were created during this period.
C. Artists no longer believed in religion during this period.
D. Masaccio was the most influential artist during this period.
D
B
Impressionism (late 19th to early 20th century)
The development of Western art slowed until the invention of photography in the mid-19th century. After that, paintings were no longer needed to preserve what people and the world looked like. Hence, painters had to find a new way of looking at their art. From this, Impressionism emerged in France.
until 引导时间状语从句
摄影的发明
不再
v. 保护，保存
what引导宾语从句
adv. 因此，之后
从此，由此
v. 浮现，出现
印象派时期（19世纪后期到20世纪初期）
直到19世纪中叶摄影术发明之前，西方艺术的发展缓慢。在那之后，不再需要绘画来保存人和世界的面貌了。因此，画家们不得不寻找一种新的方式来看待他们的艺术。由此，印象派在法国应运而生。
The name of this new movement came from the painting by Claude Monet (1840-1926) called Impression, Sunrise. In this work, Monet's aim was to convey the light and movement in the scene—the subjective impression the scene gave him—but not a detailed record of the scene itself.
克劳德·莫奈
V-ed作后置定语
v. 表达，传递
主观印象
省略了that / which的定语从句
adj. 详细的;具体的
这个新运动的名字来源于克劳德·莫奈（1840-196）的一幅名为《印象·日出》的画作。在这幅作品中，莫奈想传达场景中的光线和运动--场景给他的主观印象--而不是场景本身的详细记录。
While many Impressionists painted scenes of nature or daily life, others, such as Renoir (1841-1919), focused on people. Unlike the cold, black-and-white photographs of that time period, Renoir’s paintings
are full of light, shadow, colour, and life. He sought to show not just the outer image of his subjects, but their inner warmth and humanity as well.
while：然而（表示对比）
专注于
充满
seek to do试图做某事
prep. 不像，和...不同
seek - sought - sought
not just....but....(as well) 不仅...而且...
外在形象
n.人性
虽然许多印象派画家描绘了自然或日常生活场景，但其他画家，如雷诺阿（1841-1919年）则以人物为关注对象。雷诺阿的画作与那个时代冷淡的黑白照片不同，充满了光、影、色彩和生命。他不仅试图展示他笔下人物的外在形象，还展示他们内心的温暖和人性。
7. What led to the emergence of Impressionism ____
A. Scenes of nature.
B. The light and movement in the scene.
C. The invention of photography.
D. A detailed record of the scene.
8. What are the characteristics of Renoir's paintings
His paintings are full of light, shadow, color and life. He sought to show not just the outer image of the subjects, but their inner warmth and humanity as well.
C
Modern Art (from the 20th century to today)
After Impressionism, subsequent artists began to ask, “What do we do next ” Painters such as Picasso (1881-1973) tried to analyse the shapes which existed in the natural world but in a new way, with Cubism. Others gave their paintings a realistic but dream-like quality.
adj. 随后的；后来的
毕加索
存在于
用新的方法
give sb. sth. （双宾语）
现代艺术（20世纪至今）
在印象派之后，后来的艺术家开始问“下一步我们该做什么？”。像毕加索（1881-1973）这样的画家试图用一种新的方法，用立体主义来分析自然界中存在的各种形状。其他人则赋予他们的画一种写实但又像梦一般的品质特征。
Still others turned to abstract art. What they attempted to do was no longer show reality, but instead to ask the question, “What is art ”
还有一些人转向抽象艺术。他们试图做的不再是展示现实，而是提出一个问题“什么是艺术？”
转向
adj.抽象的
试图做某事
adv. 代替，反而，相反
adv.但，不过
同位语
9. What is Picasso's new way of painting ____
A. Cubism.
B. Abstractionism.
C. Realism.
D. Impressionism.
A
Part 3: Post-reading
Make a flow chart to show the changes in Western painting styles.
Make a flow chart to show the changes in Western painting styles.
not realistic; primitive and two-dimentional
13th century; more realistic and showed people in a real environment
less religious themes
more humanistic attitude
use of perspective
use of oil paints
deep colours and realism, look like photographs
emphasis shifted to people and the world around us
portraits of people of high rank
themes of historical events and mythology
vv
followed invention of photography
paintings were not needed to preserve what things looked like
aimed to convey light and movement rather than recording realistic detail
focused on people, nature, and dailylife
full of light, shadow, colour, and life
showed inner life of the subject too
vv
vv
vv
analysed shapes of the natural world in a new way
realistic but dream-like qualities
abstract
no longer showed reality, but asked the question “What is art ” in different ways
vv
vv
vv
vv
Match the paintings below with the correct period of art. Use the information in the reading passage to help you.
Impressionism
Modern Art
The Renaissance
The Middle Ages
Group Discussion
1. Which period of Western art do you like most Why are you fond of it
I like Modern Art most. There are many different styles within this period. The paintings of Modern Art can mean different things to different people.
I think that art is anything that someone has created and is beautiful or produces emotion inside us. Art is not just painting and drawing. It can be photography, or cooking, or music, or dancing, or playing a sport. If it is done with skill and moves the viewer, then I think it is art.
2. How would you answer the question, “What is art ”
Which artwork do you like best Describe it based on your own understanding.
Output Practice
What is the painting about
Who is the painter
In which period was the painting created
How do you feel about it
Why was the painting created
You can describe it from the following aspects.
For your reference:
My favourite artwork
My favorite painting is A Girl with a Watering Can by French Impressionist Renoir, made in 1876 when Impressionism was booming.
It shows a cute little girl in a sunny garden. She has curly blonde hair with a red bow, wears a dark blue dress with pretty lace, and holds a tiny watering can—like she’s just been tending to flowers.
Back then, most paintings were about serious history or religion, but Renoir chose to paint simple, everyday joys and childhood innocence. When I look at it, I feel warm and calm. The soft light and gentle brushstrokes remind me to slow down and cherish the small, happy moments in my own life.
Part 4: Language points
Important phrases (P2 ~ P3)
give a precise definition
during the Middle Ages
religious themes
in particular
set … apart from
adopt a more humanistic attitude to life
people of high rank
seek to do sth
a realistic but dream-like quality
turn to sth
给出明确的定义
中世纪时期
宗教主题
尤其
使……区别于 / 不同于
对生活采取一种更为人性化的态度
地位显赫的人
力求做某事
一种写实却又梦幻般的品质
转向某事
Part 5: homework
1. Present the simple history of western painting in the form of mind maps.
2. Describe an artwork you like best and get ready for the presentation in the next class.
Love of beauty is taste.
The creation of beauty is art.
— Ralph Waldo Emerson
对美的喜爱是品味。对美的创造是艺术。
—— 拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生
美是人类灵魂的一种需求。人人都有爱美之心，而艺术家不满足于对美的仰慕之情。对美的追求和热爱，激励着艺术家不断创造作品，以新的形式去表现美，这种美的创造就是“艺术”。

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