资源简介

(共24张PPT)
Book3Unit2 Section Ⅲ
Discovering Useful Structures
fable n.寓言；寓言故事
court n.球场，法院，法庭
flexible adj.灵活的，可变通的
We should stick to the principles and be flexible as well.
我们既要有原则性，也要有灵活性。
income n.收入
individual income tax
个人所得税
low-income
低收入
per prep.每，每一
40 words per minute
每分钟40个单词
one apple per kid
每个孩子一个苹果
therefore adv.因此
The car is smaller and therefore cheaper.
这辆车小一点，所以就便宜一点。
tension n.紧张关系
The tension between the two countries is likely to remain.
那两个国家间的紧张局面可能会持续下去。
fable
court
flexible
income
per
therefore
tension
n.寓言；寓言故事
n.球场，法院，法庭
adj.灵活的，可变通的
n.收入
prep.每，每一
adv.因此
n.紧张关系
动词－ing形式作宾补和状语
[自主感知]
①If they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I'm cold, hungry, or tired
②“Why should girls learn so much Finding a good husband should be their final goal！” her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees.
③Thinking of all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a private clinic.
④At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care.
⑤The new People's Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role.
[我的发现]
(1)动词 ing形式作状语的句子为句________。
(2)动词 ing形式作宾补的句子为句________。
①②③　
④⑤
The firm went broke and left her looking for a new job.
公司破产了，促使她一直在找新的工作。
Conclusion:动词 ing形式作宾语补足语常置于宾语后，表示正在进行的主动性的动作，或强调某种状态。动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时，宾语与宾补之间在逻辑上是主谓关系。
When we returned to the school, we found a stranger __________ (stand) at the entrance.
当我们回到学校时，我们发现一个陌生人站在大门口。
standing
宾语（主）
宾补（谓）
宾语（主）
宾补（谓）
Suddenly we heard someone knocking gently on the window.
忽然我们听见有人在轻轻地敲窗户。
I felt somebody ______________ (pat) me on the shoulder.
我感觉到有人在拍我的肩膀。
patting
1．动词 ing形式在感官动词后作宾补。
在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等感官动词后，用动词的 ing形式作宾语补足语，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作或某种状态。
[点津]　在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等感官动词后，既可用动词的 ing形式构成复合宾语，也可用省略to的不定式构成复合宾语，两者之间有一定的区别。用动词的 ing形式时，表示动作正在进行；用省略to的不定式时，表示动作发生了，即动作的全过程结束了。
Today on my way home, I saw a man running along the street hurriedly.
今天在回家的路上，我看到一个男人正匆忙地从街上跑过。
I saw him enter the room and take something away.
我看到他进入房间，并拿着东西离开了。
It's cold. We should have the fire burning all the time.
天气冷。我们应该让火一直燃烧着。
I'm sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.
对不起，让你等了这么久。
2．动词-ing形式在使役动词后作宾语补足语。
使役动词接动词－ing形式作宾补，表示“让……一直做某事”，此类动词如have，keep，get，leave等。
[名师指津]　(1)have/get＋宾语＋done, done是过去分词作宾补，意为“让别人去做某事”。强调事情被做。（被动）
He will have/get the computer repaired tomorrow.
他明天让人给他修电脑。
(2)have＋宾语＋do sth.意为“让某人去做某事”。
Mother has me go to the shop to buy some fruit.
妈妈让我去商店买一些水果。
(3)leave(使……处于某种状态), keep(使……保持某种状态)后一般跟分词作补语，而不跟动词不定式。
Many teachers keep parents informed of children's performance in the kindergarten by sharing videos on WeChat.
许多老师通过在微信上分享视频让家长知晓孩子们在幼儿园的表现。
3．动词 ing形式在with复合结构中的使用。
在with复合结构中，动词 ing形式充当宾补，表示动作“正在进行”。
With the College Entrance Examination drawing near, many of us feel nervous recently.
随着高考的临近，我们中有很多人都感到紧张。
[点津]在with复合结构中，也可以使用过去分词和不定式作宾补。
All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.
整个下午他都锁着门在房间里工作。
I can't go out with all these clothes to wash.
有这么多衣服要洗，我不能出去了。
Conclusion:
动词 ing形式作宾语补足语常置于宾语后，表示正在进行的主动性的动作，或强调某种状态。动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时，宾语与宾补之间在逻辑上是主谓关系。
1．动词 ing形式在感官动词后作宾补。
在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等感官动词后，用动词的 ing形式作宾语补足语，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作或某种状态。
2．动词-ing形式在使役动词后作宾语补足语。
使役动词接动词－ing形式作宾补，表示“让……一直做某事”，此类动词如have，keep，get，leave等。
3．动词 ing形式在with复合结构中的使用。
在with复合结构中，动词 ing形式充当宾补，表示动作“正在进行”。
[即时训练1]——单句语法填空
①Mr Smith suggested a good way to have her written English ________ (improve) in a short period.
②Don't leave the water ________ (run) while you brush your teeth.
③With Christmas ___________ (approach), a Christmas party will be held in the school.
④When I passed by his office, I heard him ________ (sing) a Chinese song.
⑤When the little girl found so many people __________ (surround)
her, she felt very nervous.
improved　
running　
approaching　
singing
surrounding
二、动词 ing形式作状语?
动词 ing形式可以作状语，修饰动词，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随等。动词 ing形式作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首；作结果、伴随状语时常位于句末。
1．动词 ing形式表示时间。
表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句。
Having made full preparations, we are ready for the examination.
→After we have made full preparations, we are ready for the examination.
我们已经做好了充分准备，现在可以应考了。
2．表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。
Being ill, he didn't go to school yesterday.
→As he was ill, he didn't go to school yesterday.
3．表示结果，通常置于句尾，中间用逗号隔开，表示一种顺其自然的结果。
His parents died，leaving him an orphan.
→His parents died and left him an orphan.
他的父母死了，留下他成了孤儿。
因为生病，他昨天没去上学。
[名师提醒]　动词－ing形式和动词不定式作结果状语的区别：
①动词－ing形式作结果状语表示自然而然的结果，有时可加thus表强调。
Newly－built wooden cottages line the street，turning the old town into a dreamland.
新建的小木屋排列在街道两边，使这个古镇变成了梦境。
②动词不定式作结果状语表示出乎意料的结果，其前常加only表强调。
The reporter hurried to the airport，only to be told the film stars had left.
那个记者急匆匆赶到机场，却被告知电影明星们已经离开了。
4．动词 ing形式表示让步。
Being tired, they went on working.
→Although they were tired, they went on working.
尽管很累了，可他们继续工作。
5．动词 ing形式表示行为方式、伴随。
He lay on the grass，staring at the sky for a long time.
→He lay on the grass and stared at the sky for a long time.
他躺在草地上，长时间地望着天空。
6．动词－ing形式表示条件。
Going straight down the road, you will find the department store.
→If you go straight down the road, you will find the department store.
顺着这条路一直走， 你就会发现那家百货商店。
[点津]　非谓语动词作状语时，如所提供的动词的逻辑主语不能和句子的主语保持一致，动词 ing形式必须有自己的逻辑主语，通常由名词或代词来担任，这就是独立主格结构。
The last bus having gone, we had to walk home.
末班车已经开走了， 我们不得不走回家。
( having gone的逻辑主语是the last bus, 而不是we)
Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday.
天气允许的话， 足球赛将在周五举行。
(permitting的逻辑主语是weather, 而不是the football match)
动词 ing形式作状语?
动词 ing形式可以作状语，修饰动词，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随等。动词 ing形式作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首；作结果、伴随状语时常位于句末。
Conclusion:
[即时训练3]——单句语法填空
①____________ (finish) his homework, he was playing on the playground.
②________ (know) that you are interested in it, I'm pleased to tell relevant information to you.
③People use plastic in their daily life, ________ (leave) large amounts of waste.
④________ (work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed.
⑤____________ (work) abroad for twenty years, the old man is on the way back to his motherland.
⑥________ (be) responsible, honest and selfless, he is respected by everyone.
Having finished　
Knowing
leaving
Working　
Having worked
Being

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