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【核心素养】八年级英语下册人教版（2024）阅读提升训练
Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
容易篇：Level 1 基础入门【5篇】
基础篇：Level 2 巩固强化【5篇】
提升篇：Level 3 拓展培优【5篇】
容易篇：Level 1 基础入门
一、阅读理解
Yaming and Ella are talking about rivers. Ella saw the Hukou Waterfall on the Yellow River. Yaming says the Yangtze River is the longest in China (6,300 km). The Yellow River is 5,464 km, the second longest. It’s called the Yellow River because some parts carry brown and yellow earth.
Ella likes the Nile, the longest river in the world (6,671 km). Both the Nile and Yellow River helped ancient civilizations develop. In China, we call the Yellow River our “mother river”. We should protect them.
1．Which is the longest river in China
A．The Yellow River. B．The Yangtze River.
C．The Nile. D．The Hukou River.
2．How long is the Yellow River
A．6,300 km. B．5,464 km.
C．6,671 km. D．11,000 km.
3．Why is it called the Yellow River
A．Because it’s yellow.
B．Because some parts carry brown and yellow earth.
C．Because it’s the mother river.
D．Because it’s the second longest.
4．What did the Nile and Yellow River help do
A．They helped ancient civilizations develop.
B．They made the Earth yellow.
C．They made the longest rivers.
D．They made the biggest deserts.
Langshan Mountain, lying in Xinning County, is about 500 kilometers away from Changsha. It is one of China’s National Geological Parks and is famous for its special Danxia landform (丹霞地貌).
Covering an area of 108 square kilometers, Langshan Mountain has rich natural scenery and lots of tourism resources. There are more than 60 scenic spots (景点) in Langshan Mountain, among which the most famous are Tianyi Lane (天一巷), Chili Peak (辣椒峰), Bajiao Stronghold (八角寨) and so on.
On August 2nd, 2010, Langshan Mountain was recorded in the World Heritage List (世界遗产名录) and became China’s eighth world natural heritage.
If you would like to visit Langshan Mountain, you can take a bus from Shaoyang South Station to Xinning County. It will take you about 2 hours and the price of the ticket is 54 yuan per adult. Then you can take a taxi to Langshan Mountain. The best time to visit Langshan Mountain is from March to October.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
5．Langshan Mountain lies in ________.
A．Xinning County B．Linshao County C．Loudi County D．Shaodong County
6．How many scenic spots are there in Langshan Mountain
A．More than 60. B．Less than 60. C．About 16. D．More than 16.
7．Langshan Mountain became China’s ________ world natural heritage in 2010.
A．sixth B．seventh C．eighth D．ninth
8．You can take ________ to Langshan Mountain from Xinning County.
A．a train B．a plane C．a taxi D．a bike
9．The best time for you to visit Langshan Mountain is ________.
A．in December B．in May C．in February D．in November
While hiking near Qomolangma Base Camp last Saturday, tour guide Mr. Wang noticed dark clouds – the same weather pattern described in Unit 7’s geography chapter. He recalled Unit 5’s past continuous tense practice: “The storm was approaching when we decided to return.”
Suddenly, they found a hurt climber who had fallen 15 meters. While applying first aid from Unit 1, Mr. Wang radioed: “Need helicopter rescue at 5,200m altitude!” Meanwhile, his team built a windbreak using oxygen tanks and ropes.
The successful rescue made headlines, with the Nepal Mountaineering Association praising: “This combines geographical knowledge with quick thinking.”
10．What weather clue did Mr. Wang notice
A．Strong sunshine. B．Dark clouds. C．Heavy snow. D．Thin air.
11．How was the injured climber transported
A．By stretcher. B．By helicopter. C．By jeep. D．By horseback.
12．What did the rescue team use for shelter
A．Tents. B．Oxygen tanks. C．Backpacks. D．Sleeping bags.
The Earth is our home. Nature is very wonderful. We have high mountains, long rivers, big forests and beautiful beaches. Plants and animals are our friends. They give us food and help keep the balance of nature. But some people pollute the rivers and cut down too many trees. Animals are losing their homes.
We must protect nature. We should plant more trees, clean the rivers and love animals. If we do our best, our Earth will be more and more beautiful.
根据短文选择正确答案
13．Nature is ________.
A．boring B．wonderful C．dangerous D．small
14．________ are our friends.
A．Plants B．Animals C．Plants and animals D．Rivers
15．What do people do wrong
A．Plant trees. B．Clean rivers. C．Cut down trees. D．Love animals.
16．The underlined word “pollute” means ________.
A．保护 B．污染 C．浪费 D．利用
17．The passage tells us to ________.
A．pollute nature B．cut down trees C．protect nature D．visit parks
The Sahara Desert
The Sahara Desert is the largest hot desert in the world. It is in North Africa. It covers about 9.6 million square kilometers. That is almost as large as the United States.
The Sahara is not all sand. There are also mountains, hills and plateaus (高原). The highest mountain in the Sahara is Emi Koussi. It is 3,415 meters high.
The weather in the Sahara is very different from day to night. During the day, the temperature can be over 50℃. But at night, it can fall to below zero.
There is little rain in the Sahara. But some plants can still live there. They have deep roots (根) to get water from underground. Some animals can live in the Sahara, too. For example, camels can live without water for a long time.
Now more and more people come to visit the Sahara. They can ride camels and enjoy the beautiful desert scenery.
根据短文内容，选择正确答案
18．Where is the Sahara Desert
A．In South Africa. B．In North Africa. C．In America. D．In Asia.
19．How large is the Sahara Desert
A．About 9.6 million square kilometers. B．About 21,000 square kilometers.
C．About 3,415 square kilometers. D．About 50 million square kilometers.
20．What’s the highest mountain in the Sahara
A．Mount Qomolangma. B．Emi Koussi.
C．The Yellow Mountain. D．The Grand Canyon.
21．What’s the weather like in the Sahara
A．It’s hot all day and all night. B．It’s cold all day and all night.
C．It’s hot during the day but cold at night. D．It rains heavily every day.
22．Which of the following is TRUE
A．The Sahara is only covered with sand. B．There are no plants or animals in the Sahara.
C．Camels can live without water for a long time. D．Few people come to visit the Sahara now.
基础篇：Level 2 巩固强化【5篇】
The Horsetail Fall (瀑布) is one of Yosemite National Park’s most amazing views. In late February, the setting sun hits the Horsetail Fall at just the right angle (角度) to light the upper parts of the waterfall. And when conditions are right, the Horsetail Fall becomes orange and red at sunset. It is like red hot lava (熔岩) pouring down from the top of the El Capitan. So it got the name “firefall”.
The firefall is a perfect match of the weather, the fall, the time and the watching place. It usually appears on dry, warm and cloudless days. There must be enough flowing water to make a firefall too. So there must be enough snow on the mountain top, and it turns into water on warm afternoons.
The sun goes to the best place above the waterfall in late February. And the best time to watch the fall is 5 to 15 minutes before the sunset. Only at this time can visitors see the firefall. The El Capitan Picnic Area is the best place to watch, because it is close to the fall and is perfect to set up cameras and tents.
Every year in February, thousands of photographers come to watch the firefall. Although the view may appear just minutes before sunset, many of them have to come hours earlier to get a right place to set their cameras in time. “I’m just saying that the Yosemite Firefall is something you don’t want to miss in winter.” says Kate Moore, a traveller and the lead content creator for .
23．The first paragraph mainly tells us ________.
A．how the firefall got its name B．why it’s easy to see the firefall
C．who was the first to find the firefall D．when we can visit the firefall
24．What can we know about the firefall
A．It lasts for half an hour before the sunset.
B．It usually appears on wet, warm and cloudy days.
C．Rivers provide enough flowing water to make a fall.
D．Its best watching place is the El Capitan Picnic Area.
25．From the words of Kate Moore, we can infer (推断) that .
A．the firefall brings little surprise B．the firefall is well worth seeing
C．you can watch the firefall for quite a long time D．you can watch the amazing firefall in any season
The Johnson family developed a high-tech chore system combining Unit 3’s “chores negotiation” with Unit 7’s geography knowledge. Their digital chore chart automatically assigns tasks based on weather data from Mount Everest monitoring stations.
When sensors detect rainfall in the Himalayas (where Qomolangma is located), 14-year-old Tom’s phone gets a notification: “Himalayan rain → possible local afternoon showers → water plants after lunch.” Meanwhile, his sister Lucy’s schedule adjusts when air pressure drops: “High mountain low pressure → indoor chores → vacuum living room.”
Father Mr. Johnson commented, “This teaches responsibility while connecting daily tasks to global environments.” The family’s efficiency improved by 60%, with chore completion rates reaching 95%.
26．What determines chore assignments
A．School timetable B．Weather patterns C．TV programs D．Meal times
27．What does Tom do when notified
A．Checks mountain data B．Waters plants C．Vacuums floors D．Cooks meals
28．How much did efficiency improve
A．40% B．50% C．60% D．70%
The Sahara is the largest hot desert in the world. It covers over 9,000,000 square kilometers across North Africa. The weather there can be very different in a day’s time. During the day, temperatures rise above 40℃, while nights can be very cold. It’s one of the toughest (艰难的) environments on earth.
The Sahara is as big as Canada but has very few people. Less than two and a half million people live there; most of them are nomads. Nomads are people who have no permanent (固定的) homes. They move from place to place, carrying everything they need to live. The nomads of the Sahara depend on goats, sheep, and camels (骆驼) for food and transport. Water is the most important for them; they need water to live, so they must carry enough water or know where to find it. Without water, life is impossible.
A desert is not defined (定义) by sand but by the lack of rain. To be a desert, a place must get less than 250 mm of rain each year. Surprisingly, only 25% of the Sahara is covered in sand. The rest is rock and gravel (砂砾).
The Sahara was once much wetter and greener. Over time, it became the desert we see today. Truly, the Sahara is a place of history and change.
29．Where’s the Sahara
A．In South Africa. B．In Northeastern Africa.
C．In Northwestern Africa. D．In North Africa.
30．What does the underlined word “nomads” probably mean
A．People who always carry things in the desert.
B．People who always have to move their homes.
C．People who only have one place to live.
D．People who have no place to live.
31．According to the passage, what’s a desert
A．A place that has nomads living in it.
B．A place that is very hot and dry all year round.
C．A place that has more than 25% sand on its surface.
D．A place that gets less than 250 mm of rain every year.
32．What’s the passage about
A．Facts about the Sahara. B．The people of the Sahara.
C．The weather of the Sahara. D．The history of the Sahara.
He Jing has become the first Chinese woman to climb all 14 of the world’s mountains over 8,000 metres without supplemental oxygen (辅助氧气). She finished her journey at the 8,027-metre Mount Shishapangma in Xizang on October 9th, 2024.
Born in Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, He Jing didn’t see a mountain until she was 18. In 2012, she climbed her first snow mountain, Mount Siguniang in Sichuan Province. From then on, she climbed nearly every snow mountain in China. Her first 8,000-metre summit (登顶) came in 2016 when she climbed Cho Oyu. “After Cho Oyu, I felt strong enough to try without oxygen,” He Jing said.
He Jing began her oxygen-free climbing journey in 2017. She reached the summit of Manaslu that year. She followed it with Makalu in 2018, Annapurna in 2019, Dhaulagiri in 2021, Qomolangma, Lhotse, K2, and Broad Peak in 2022, then Kanchenjunga, Nanga Parbat, Gasherbrum II, and Gasherbrum I in 2023. Mount Shishapangma was the final mountain in this amazing challenge.
In 2024, He Jing had a dream—to climb Mount Qomolangma from the north side. “Next year marks the 50th anniversary (周年) of the first Chinese woman to summit Mount Qomolangma. In 1975, China’s Pan Duo became the first woman in the world to summit from the north side. I want to do something to honor her,” she said. On May 24, 2025, He Jing achieved her dream.
33．When did He Jing complete her journey to climb all 14 of the world’s mountains over 8,000 metres
A．In 2016. B．In 2017. C．In 2022. D．In 2024.
34．Which mountain was He Jing’s first 8,000-metre summit
A．Mount Siguniang. B．Cho Oyu. C．Manaslu. D．Mount Shishapangma.
35．Why does He Jing want to climb Mount Qomolangma from the north side
A．To challenge this amazing mountain. B．To celebrate a special anniversary.
C．To honor a Chinese woman, Pan Duo. D．To begin oxygen-free climbing.
36．What can you mainly learn from the passage
A．Her mountain climbing experiences.
B．All the 14 mountains in the world over 8,000 metres.
C．How to climb mountains without supplemental oxygen.
D．The positions of different mountains in every province.
37．The passage is written in the order of ________.
A．opinions B．time C．space D．persons
The Great Salt Lake is the biggest lake between the Great Lakes and the Pacific Ocean, and is one of the biggest salt lakes in the world.
The Great Salt Lake is salty because it does not have any outlet (出水口). Many small rivers are bringing in water with a little salt. In the Great Salt Lake, much of the water evaporates leaving the salt behind.
The Great Salt Lake is too salty, so most of the living things can’t live in it.
The Great Salt Lake and its islands give famous scenery. When the sun goes down, the lake looks red and orange. And the evening sky looks very beautiful.
Many visitors go to the Great Salt Lake with their families to spend holidays. Swimming, sunbathing and sailing are popular on the clean, white sand beaches. The water is very salty. People can easily float. The Great Salt Lake is an interesting place. People can have a good time there.
38．Why is the Great Salt Lake salty
A．Because it is very big. B．Because it has small rivers.
C．Because it has no outlet. D．Because it is near the sea.
39．What does the underlined word “evaporate” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Bring together. B．Change into a gas. C．Pour down. D．Dry off.
40．When does the lake look red and orange
A．In the morning. B．At noon.
C．In the evening. D．At night.
41．People can easily float in the lake because ________.
A．there is too much salt in the water B．the water is very clean
C．there is too much water D．there isn’t enough water
42．What is the best title of the text
A．The Great Salt Lake B．The Great Lakes
C．The Beautiful Evening D．The Salty Water
提升篇：Level 3 拓展培优【5篇】
The largest ocean—the Pacific Ocean
Where: It stretches from the Arctic Ocean to the Southern Ocean, and from Asia and Australia in the west to the Americas in the east. How large: It covers more than 165 million square kilometers, which is larger than the total land area of the whole world. What it is like: It has the deepest trench on Earth-the Mariana Trench, which is about 11,000 meters deep. It is also home to thousands of kinds of sea animals and plants, many of which cannot be found in other oceans.
The highest waterfall—Angel Falls
Where: It is in the rainforest of Venezuela, South America. How high: It drops 979 meters from the top to the bottom. It is about 19 times as high as the Niagara Falls. What it is like: The waterfall is hidden in the thick forest. Visitors usually need to take a plane or a boat to get a close look at its beauty. The water at the bottom turns into mist quickly because of the huge falling height.
—the Amazon River
Where: It runs through South America, passing through nine countries including Brazil and Peru. How long: The main river stretches 6,400 kilometers in length, making it the longest river system that has more than 1,000 tributaries (支流). What it is like: It carries more water than any other river in the world-more than the next seven largest rivers combined. Its basin (流域) is the world’s largest tropical rainforest, which is like “the lungs of the Earth”.
43．What is special about sea animals and plants in the Pacific Ocean
A．They are large and blind.
B．They are mostly dangerous to humans.
C．They are only found near the Mariana Trench.
D．Many of them cannot be found in other oceans.
44．How does the water change at the bottom of the Angel Falls
A．It freezes quickly. B．It turns into mist.
C．It flows into a lake. D．It disappears underground.
45．Which of the following statements is true
A．The Pacific Ocean covers less than 165 million square kilometers.
B．Angel Falls is 979 meters high and about 19 times as high as the Mariana Trench.
C．The Amazon River runs through nine countries in South America, including Brazil and Peru.
D．The Amazon’s basin is the world’s largest temperate rainforest.
46．How does the author show that the Amazon River System carries the most water
A．By making comparisons. B．By giving examples.
C．By using personification. D．By telling stories.
47．Which of the following can be put in ________
A．The widest river system B．The largest river system
C．The deepest river D．The longest river system
Qomolangma, at 8,848.86 meters, is the highest mountain in the world. Do you know how Qomolangma started to form Qomolangma’s rocks once sat at the bottom of the ocean. Around 45 million years ago, the Indian plate (板块) moved and hit the Eurasian plate. It made the land rise up and Qomolangma formed.
Do you know that Qomolangma keeps growing According to a new study by scientists from University College London (UCL), Qomolangma grew by 15 to 50 meters because of a geographic event about 89,000 years ago. However, the UCL team found that Qomolangma is growing faster these years. They estimated (估计) this to be between 0.16 and 0.53 millimeters each year!
Now the height of Qomolangma rises a little bit every year because of big forces (力量) under the ground. It is also affected by weather conditions such as ice and snow. And rivers also affect it. The Arun River, which runs close to Qomolangma, has been cutting through rocks and washing away the land over time. This makes the mountain lighter, allowing it to rise like a boat when weight is taken away. The process of this rising is isostatic rebound (地壳均衡回弹). This means the Earth’s surface moves up or down when something heavy is taken away or put on.
Qomolangma is not the only mountain that changes. The UCL team said that nearby mountains, Lhotse and Makalu, the fourth and fifth highest in the world, are also growing a little bit each year. How amazing nature is!
48．How does the writer start the passage
A．By showing a fact. B．By telling a story.
C．By asking a question D．By listing numbers.
49．What is Paragraph 1 mainly about
A．How high Qomolangma is. B．Where Qomolangma is.
C．How Qomolangma formed. D．How old Qomolangma is.
50．What is the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
51．What would be the best title for the passage
A．Climbing to the top
B．Qomolangma is getting taller
C．Research on Mount Qomolangma
D．Go and visit Mount Qomolangma
According to scientists, a lake with a round shape is very common. However, Kingsley Lake in Florida, the USA, makes them very surprised.
Kingsley Lake is one of the best fishing places in Florida, but few people know what really makes this place special. It’s an unusually round shape. The lake is considered the roundest lake in the world. In fact, we can only see how round the lake is from the air.
What caused Kingsley Lake to have this special shape Some people think human beings have changed the structure (结构) of Kingsley Lake so that it is unusually round. However, in fact, this lake is completely free from human activities. It is believed to have formed naturally. It also appears that the lake is the result of the movement of rocks, which gave the present shape of Kingsley Lake.
Kingsley Lake has a diameter of about 3.2 kilometres. It is 53.7 metres above sea level, which makes Kingsley Lake one of the highest lakes in Florida. Kingsley Lake is about 27.4 metres deep and it is also considered one of Florida’s deepest lakes.
According to the survey, Kingsley Lake has an unchanging water level because of its surface drainage (排水) system. This system helps the floodwater easily run from the lake to the areas around. What’s more, the lake has many shallow (浅的) water areas, so it can be filled with water again in no time, creating the balance (平衡) of the water in the lake.
Kingsley Lake is now a famous tourist destination in the summer. Each year, it attracts about 120,000 tourists. It also provides a home for a lot of endangered animals.
52．Why do scientists feel surprised when they see Kingsley Lake
A．Because it looks so beautiful.
B．Because it is a good fishing place.
C．Because it is a tourist destination.
D．Because it has quite a round shape.
53．What’s Paragraph 3 mainly about
A．The possible reason why Kingsley Lake is unusually round.
B．The influence which human activities have caused.
C．The present shape is given by the movement of rocks.
D．The details people must know about Kingsley Lake.
54．Which of the following is TRUE about Kingsley Lake
A．It’s a natural lake.
B．It’s a man-made lake.
C．It’s the world’s deepest lake.
D．It’s the highest lake in the USA．
55．What’s the writer’s purpose in writing the passage
A．To introduce a lake with a special shape.
B．To call on more people to protect the lake.
C．To attract more tourists to Kingsley Lake.
D．To describe the beauty of Kingsley Lake.
The Amazon Rainforest is the world’s biggest rainforest. It is in South America. It is so wide that it covers a little more than half the size of China! The Amazon River runs through the rainforest. It’s the world’s second longest river. The Amazon Rainforest covers much of Brazil. The green colour on the national flag of Brazil stands for the rainforest.
However, climate change and human activities make it “sick”. Usually, the rainforest can fix itself. But now, it feels too “tired” to get better. According to a new study, many trees there may die, and the Amazon Rainforest may turn into hot, dry grassland in a few years.
Why is the Amazon “sick”
The Amazon Rainforest is one of the world’s wettest places. But since 2005, three droughts have hit the rainforest. They were caused by climate change. The trees don’t have enough water to grow. What’s worse, as they become dry, they can easily catch fire.
Besides, people cut down rainforest trees for wood. They burn the forest to make farmland. All these kinds of activities have made about of the rainforest disappear.
What will happen if we lose the Amazon Rainforest
The Amazon Rainforest is like the lungs (肺) of our planet. The rich plants there take out of the air and make oxygen (氧气). They make more than of the planet’s oxygen. If the Amazon Rainforest “dies”, there will be more , and our earth will become even hotter.
The Amazon Rainforest is also home to over 3 million animals and plants. Many of them can’t live anywhere else. They would very likely just disappear.
56．According to the passage, what is NOT the reason that makes the Amazon Rainforest “sick”
A．People burn the forest to make farmland.
B．Climate change.
C．People cut down trees.
D．Too many animals and plants live there.
57．What will happen if the Amazon Rainforest “dies”
A．People will lose their lungs.
B．Many animals and plants will disappear.
C．We will feel colder.
D．There will be more oxygen.
58．What does the underlined word “droughts” mean
A．Too little rain.
B．Too little snow.
C．Too much rain.
D．Too much fire.
59．Which of the following statements is NOT true
A．The Amazon Rainforest is in South America.
B．The Amazon Rainforest is the world’s biggest rainforest.
C．The Amazon River is the world’s longest river.
D．More than 3 million animals and plants live in the Amazon Rainforest.
①There may be no place more dangerous than Death Valley (死亡谷). Death Valley is the hottest and the driest place in North America.
②Death Valley isn’t an easy place to live in. It gets less than two feet of rain a year and it’s hot, too. In July, temperature often gets over 46℃. Even a lake there has turned into salt crystals (晶体). But it is cold at night. When it gets cold enough, the water on the ground will turn into thin ice. Then the strong wind—like a large hand—can move the rocks along the icy ground. That is why the rocks can “walk” on their own in Death Valley.
③The weather condition in Death Valley is terrible, but nothing can stop plants and animals from making it their home. People have found more than 1,000 kinds of plants there. It also has 51 kinds of mammals (哺乳动物), 6 kinds of fish, and more than 300 kinds of birds. The animals aren’t all small, either.
④Finding water is the biggest challenge for anything that lives here. To survive, some plants’ roots (根部) can go fifty feet under the ground to find water. Kangaroo rats (更格卢鼠) get the water they need from flowers.
⑤Death Valley really holds a lot of surprise!
60．Why can the rocks “walk” on their own in Death Valley
A．Because it gets less than two feet of rain a year in Death Valley.
B．Because the water on the ground will turn into thin ice.
C．Because the strong wind can move the rocks along the icy ground.
D．Because the weather condition in Death Valley is really terrible.
61．How does the writer develop (展开) his idea in Paragraph 4
A．By giving examples. B．By asking questions.
C．By giving advice. D．By telling stories.
62．What can we learn from the passage
A．The writer doesn’t like Death Valley.
B．Some animals are large in Death Valley.
C．The plants do not have long roots.
D．Rocks sometimes move in the afternoon.
63．What’s the structure (结构) of the passage
A． B． C． D．
64．What is the best title of this passage
A．The hard life in Death Valley
B．A dangerous place—Death Valley
C．The facts about Death Valley
D．Moving rocks in Death Valley
参考答案
1．B 2．B 3．B 4．A
本文介绍了中国长江、黄河和世界最长河流尼罗河的长度、得名由来与文明意义，并呼吁人们保护河流。
1．文中第一段明确提到“Yaming says the Yangtze River is the longest in China (6,300 km).”，所以中国最长的河流是长江。
2．文中第一段直接说明“The Yellow River is 5,464 km, the second longest.”，黄河的长度是5464公里。
3．文中第一段给出原因“It’s called the Yellow River because some parts carry brown and yellow earth.”，黄河得名是因为部分河段携带黄褐色泥土。
4．文中第二段提到“Both the Nile and Yellow River helped ancient civilizations develop.”，尼罗河和黄河都促进了古代文明的发展。
5．A 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．B
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了崀山的相关信息，包括其地理位置、面积、著名景点、成为世界自然遗产的时间、前往的交通方式以及最佳游览时间等。
5．第一段明确提到“Langshan Mountain, lying in Xinning County”，这直接说明崀山位于新宁县。
6．第二段指出“There are more than 60 scenic spots (景点) in Langshan Mountain”，这表明崀山有60多个景点。
7．第三段提到“On August 2nd, 2010, Langshan Mountain was recorded in the World Heritage List (世界遗产名录) and became China’s eighth world natural heritage”，说明2010年崀山成为中国第八个世界自然遗产。
8．第四段提到“Then you can take a taxi to Langshan Mountain”，说明从新宁县可以乘坐出租车前往崀山。
9．第四段提到“The best time to visit Langshan Mountain is from March to October”，选项中只有B选项“in May（五月）”在这个时间段内。
10．B 11．B 12．B
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了导游王先生在珠穆朗玛峰大本营附近徒步时，利用所学知识成功救助受伤登山者的故事。
10．由第一段第一句“While hiking near Qomolangma Base Camp last Saturday, tour guide Mr. Wang noticed dark clouds—the same weather pattern described in Unit 7’s geography chapter.”可知，王先生注意到的天气线索是乌云。
11．由第二段第二句“While applying first aid from Unit 1, Mr. Wang radioed: “Need helicopter rescue at 5,200m altitude!””可知，受伤的登山者将由直升机运送。
12．由第二段最后一句“Meanwhile, his team built a windbreak using oxygen tanks and ropes.”可知，救援队用氧气罐搭建了防风屏障作为临时庇护。
13．B 14．C 15．C 16．B 17．C
本文是一篇环保主题短文，介绍了自然的美好、动植物的作用，以及人类对自然的破坏，呼吁大家保护自然、守护地球家园。
13．第一段中指出“Nature is very wonderful. ”，表明大自然很精彩。
14．第一段中指出“Plants and animals are our friends.”，说明动植物是人类的朋友。
15．第一段中指出“But some people pollute the rivers and cut down too many trees.”，说明人们砍伐树木。
16．文章描述自然的美好，后文转折说明人类的错误行为，pollute the rivers是破坏自然的行为，结合常识可推断词义为“污染”。
17．第二段中指出“We must protect nature.”，说明文章主旨是要保护自然。
18．B 19．A 20．B 21．C 22．C
本文主要介绍了撒哈拉沙漠的相关信息。
18．第一段“It is in North Africa.”说明撒哈拉沙漠位于北非。
19．第一段“It covers about 9.6 million square kilometers.”说明撒哈拉沙漠面积约960万平方公里。
20．第二段“The highest mountain in the Sahara is Emi Koussi.”明确说出了撒哈拉最高的山是Emi Koussi。
21．第三段“The weather in the Sahara is very different from day to night. During the day, the temperature can be over 50℃. But at night, it can fall to below zero.”说明了撒哈拉白天炎热、夜晚寒冷，昼夜温差极大。对应C。
22．第四段“Some animals can live in the Sahara, too. For example, camels can live without water for a long time.”提到骆驼可以在没有水的情况下，在沙漠中生存很长一段时间，C选项是原文的直接描述。
23．A 24．D 25．B
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了约塞米蒂国家公园的火瀑布奇观，解释了其形成原因、出现条件及最佳观赏时间和地点。
23．第一段描述了夕阳以特定角度照射瀑布，使其呈现橙红色，如同熔岩从山顶倾泻而下，因此得名“火瀑布”，故本段主要说明火瀑布名字的由来。
24．根据第三段“The El Capitan Picnic Area is the best place to watch”可知，最佳观赏地点是El Capitan Picnic Area。
25．根据最后一段Kate Moore的话“the Yosemite Firefall is something you don’t want to miss in winter”可知，火瀑布是冬季不容错过的景观，因此可推断它非常值得一看。
26．B 27．B 28．C
本文是一篇说明文，讲述了Johnson一家利用珠穆朗玛峰监测站的气象数据，结合单元3的家务协商与单元7的地理知识，开发了一套高科技家务分配系统，实现根据天气变化动态分配家务的故事。
26．根据第一段最后一句“Their digital chore chart automatically assigns tasks based on weather data from Mount Everest monitoring stations.”以及第二段具体例子(喜马拉雅山降雨→给Tom发通知；气压下降→Lucy的任务变化)可知，家务分配的依据是天气模式。
27．根据第二段第一句“When sensors detect rainfall... Tom’s phone gets a notification: ‘Himalayan rain → possible local afternoon showers → water plants after lunch.’”可知，Tom收到通知后需要给植物浇水。
28．根据最后一段最后一句“The family’s efficiency improved by 60%, with chore completion rates reaching 95%.”可知，效率提高了60%。
29．D 30．B 31．D 32．A
本文全面介绍了世界最大热带沙漠——撒哈拉沙漠的地理位置、气候、居民、地貌特征以及演变历史等各类科普知识。
29．第一段明确提到：“It covers over 9,000,000 square kilometers across North Africa.”，这直接说明撒哈拉沙漠的位置。
30．第二段明确提到：“Nomads are people who have no permanent (固定的) homes.”，也就是没有固定住所、需要不断搬迁住所的人。
31．第三段明确提到：“To be a desert, a place must get less than 250 mm of rain each year.”，也就是说沙漠是按降雨量定义的。
32．通读全文可知，文章从位置、气候、居民、地貌、历史多个方面介绍了撒哈拉的相关信息。
33．D 34．B 35．C 36．A 37．B
本文介绍了中国女性何静成为首位不使用辅助氧气登顶全球14座8000米以上高峰的人，并讲述了她的登山经历和梦想。
33．第一段指出何静完成挑战的时间：“She finished her journey...on October 9th, 2024.”，说明她于2024年完成全部14座山峰的登顶。
34．第二段指出何静第一次登顶8000米高峰：“Her first 8,000-metre summit came in 2016 when she climbed Cho Oyu.”，说明卓奥友峰是她登顶的第一座8000米以上山峰。
35．第四段指出何静想从北坡登顶珠峰的原因：“Next year marks the 50th anniversary of the first Chinese woman to summit Mount Qomolangma...I want to do something to honor her,”，说明她想纪念1975年从北坡登顶珠峰的中国女性潘多。
36．全文按时间顺序介绍了何静的登山经历：2012年第一次登雪山，2016年第一次登顶8000米高峰，2017年开始无氧攀登，2024年完成全部14座山峰，2025年实现从北坡登顶珠峰的梦想。因此主要讲“她的登山经历”。
37．文章按照时间顺序（time order）展开，从何静18岁第一次见到山，到2012年第一次登雪山，再到2016年、2017年、2022年、2023年、2024年、2025年，依次叙述了她的登山历程。
38．C 39．B 40．C 41．A 42．A
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了大盐湖的成因、特征及旅游价值。
38．第二段指出大盐湖含盐原因：“The Great Salt Lake is salty because it does not have any outlet (出水口).”，这直接说明大盐湖含盐是因为没有出水口。
39．第二段提到：前文提到“Many small rivers are bringing in water with a little salt. In the Great Salt Lake, much of the water…leaving the salt behind”，很多小河带来有点盐的水，在湖里大部分水怎样后留下盐，结合常识可知水变成气体后盐留下，所以“evaporate”意思是“Change into a gas”。
40．第四段说明湖看起来红橙色的时间：“When the sun goes down, the lake looks red and orange.”，“sun goes down”即傍晚，所以是在傍晚湖看起来红橙色。
41．第五段说明人们容易在湖里漂浮的原因：“The water is very salty. People can easily float.”，说明水里盐太多所以人们容易漂浮。
42．全文围绕大盐湖的成因、特征及旅游价值展开，最适合的标题是“The Great Salt Lake”。
43．D 44．B 45．C 46．A 47．D
本文主要介绍了世界上最大的海洋——太平洋、最高的瀑布——安赫尔瀑布，以及最长的河系——亚马逊河的地理位置、规模和特点。
43．文章第1段（太平洋部分）“It is also home to thousands of kinds of sea animals and plants, many of which cannot be found in other oceans.”，表明太平洋里的许多海洋动植物是其他海洋没有的。
44．文章第2段（安赫尔瀑布部分）“The water at the bottom turns into mist quickly because of the huge falling height.”，表明安赫尔瀑布底部的水会变成雾。
45．文章第3段（亚马逊河部分）“It runs through South America, passing through nine countries including Brazil and Peru.”，表明亚马逊河流经南美洲，经过包括巴西和秘鲁在内的九个国家。
46．文章第3段（亚马逊河部分）“It carries more water than any other river in the world-more than the next seven largest rivers combined.”，可推断作者通过将亚马逊河与其他河流的水量作比较，说明其水量最大。
47．文章第3段（亚马逊河部分）“The main river stretches 6,400 kilometers in length, making it the longest river system that has more than 1,000 tributaries (支流).”，表明亚马逊河的核心特点是“最长河流系统”。与前文“最大的海洋”以及“最高的瀑布”的标题结构对应。
48．A 49．C 50．B 51．B
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了珠穆朗玛峰的形成原因、高度变化以及它并非唯一仍在增长的山峰，展现了自然的神奇之处。
48．推理判断题。根据文章开头以“Qomolangma, at 8,848.86 meters, is the highest mountain in the world.”可知，开篇直接陈述事实，引出下文，因此作者是通过展示事实来开篇的。故选A。
49．主旨大意题。根据“Qomolangma, at 8,848.86 meters, is the highest mountain in the world. … Around 45 million years ago, the Indian plate (板块) moved and hit the Eurasian plate. It made the land rise up and Qomolangma formed.”可知，第一段介绍了珠穆朗玛峰的高度，并说明了它是由板块运动形成的，核心是解释珠穆朗玛峰是如何形成的。故选C。
50．篇章结构题。根据“Qomolangma, at 8,848.86 meters, is the highest mountain in the world.”，“Qomolangma grew by 15 to 50 meters because of a geographic event about 89,000 years ago … This makes the mountain lighter, allowing it to rise like a boat when weight is taken away.”，“The UCL team said that nearby mountains”可知，第①段总起，介绍珠穆朗玛峰的基本信息与形成原因；第②-③段分述，分别介绍珠穆朗玛峰的高度增长数据、增长原因；第④段总结，指出珠穆朗玛峰并非唯一仍在增长的山峰。因此文章结构为“总—分—总”。故选B。
51．最佳标题题。根据“However, the UCL team found that Qomolangma is growing faster these years. They estimated (估计) this to be between 0.16 and 0.53 millimeters each year!”，“The UCL team said that nearby mountains … ”可知，全文围绕“珠穆朗玛峰仍在变高”展开，介绍了它的增长原因、数据，以及其他山峰的增长情况。因此最佳标题是Qomolangma is getting taller。故选B。
52．D 53．A 54．A 55．A
本文主要介绍了美国佛罗里达州形状异常圆的金斯利湖，包括其特点、形成原因及相关信息。
52．细节理解题。根据“However, Kingsley Lake in Florida, the USA, makes them very surprised…It’s an unusually round shape”可知，科学家惊讶是因为这个湖形状异常圆。故选D。
53．细节理解题。根据第三段“What caused Kingsley Lake to have this special shape ”可知，该段主要讲金斯利湖异常圆的可能原因。故选A。
54．细节理解题。根据“it is completely free from human activities. It is believed to have formed naturally”可知，金斯利湖是天然形成的湖泊。故选A。
55．推理判断题。文章围绕“形状特殊的金斯利湖”展开，介绍了它的特点、形成原因等，目的是介绍这个形状特别的湖泊。故选A。
56．D 57．B 58．A 59．C
本文主要介绍了亚马逊雨林是世界上最大的雨林，位于南美洲，植被覆盖率高。描述了气候变化与人类活动会破坏雨林的生态环境，表明了亚马逊雨林对人类及动植物的重要作用。
56．细节理解题。根据“However, climate change and human activities make it ‘sick’. ”及“people cut down rainforest trees for wood. They burn the forest to make farmland.”可知，文中提及的让亚马逊雨林生病的原因有气候变化和人类活动、人们砍伐雨林树木获取木材和焚烧森林开辟农田。文中没有提到“太多的动植物生存在那”。故选D。
57．细节理解题。根据“The Amazon Rainforest is also home to over 3 million animals and plants. Many of them can’t live anywhere else. They would very likely just disappear.”可知，亚马逊雨林还是300余万种动植物的家园，其中许多无法在其他地方生活，它们很可能就会消失。此处表示随着雨林消失，许多动植物也会消失。故选B。
58．词句猜测题。根据“The Amazon Rainforest is one of the world’s wettest places.”及“They were caused by climate change. The trees don’t have enough water to grow.”可知，亚马逊雨林是世界上最湿润的地方之一；这是由气候变化引起的，树木因缺水而无法正常生长。推测划线部分单词意为“干旱”，即缺少降雨。故选A。
59．细节理解题。根据“The Amazon River runs through the rainforest. It’s the world’s second longest river.”可知，亚马逊河流经雨林，它是世界第二长的河流，而不是最长的。故选C。
60．C 61．A 62．B 63．D 64．C
本文主要介绍了死亡谷的环境特点、岩石“行走”的原因，以及当地的动植物生存情况等事实。
60．细节理解题。根据“When it gets cold enough, the water on the ground will turn into thin ice. Then the strong wind—like a large hand—can move the rocks along the icy ground. That is why the rocks can ‘walk’ on their own in Death Valley”可知，强风可以沿着结冰的地面移动岩石，这是岩石“行走”的原因。故选C。
61．细节理解题。根据第四段“some plants’ roots can go fifty feet under the ground to find water. Kangaroo rats get the water they need from flowers”可知，作者是通过举例子来展开段落的。故选A。
62．细节理解题。根据“The animals aren’t all small, either”可知，死亡谷里有一些动物是体型较大的。故选B。
63．篇章结构题。文章①段总述死亡谷的危险及基本属性，②③④段分别介绍其环境、动植物情况，⑤段总结死亡谷充满惊喜，是“总—分—总”结构（①总起，②③④分述，⑤总结）。故选D。
64．最佳标题题。文章围绕死亡谷的环境、岩石现象、动植物等事实展开，“The facts about Death Valley”最贴合主题。故选C。(共4张PPT)
人教版2024 八年级英语下册
【核心素养】阅读提升训练
Unit4 The Wonders of Nature 快速答案
一、快速核对
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 B B B A A A C C B B
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 B B B C C B C B A B
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 C C A D B B B C D B
一、快速核对
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 D A D B C A B C B C
题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
答案 A A D B C A D A C B
题号 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
答案 B D A A A D B A C C
题号 61 62 63 64
答案 A B D C
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