资源简介

2025-2026 学年度第二学期
高一英语调研试卷
（满分 150 分，130 分钟完成。）
Part I
I. Listening Comprehension (25’)
Section A Short Conversations
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two
speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what
was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After
you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. Grab something to eat. B. Repair his camera.
C. Buy a new TV set. D. Take a trip.
2. A. In a gym. B. At a bakery.
C. In a swimming pool. D. At a football stadium.
3. A. He finds it unexpectedly easy. B. He believes it’s too challenging.
C. He prefers a different hiking track. D. He thinks the views make it worthwhile.
4. A. The man takes no interest in the concert. B. They are both eagerly anticipating the concert.
C. They have different opinions about the concert. D. The woman is not looking forward to the concert.
5. A. She isn’t interested in cooking. B. She wants to join the cooking class.
C. She knows how to cook Italian food. D. She prefers another class with more fun.
6. A. He really enjoyed it. B. He found it disappointing.
C. He had expected it to be better. D. He didn’t like the lighting effects.
7. A. An art exhibition. B. Interactive exhibits.
C. Contemporary art pieces. D. An innovative installation.
8. A. Asking friends for advice. B. Buying the first laptop he sees.
C. Checking the latest reviews online. D. Making a decision as soon as possible.
9. A. They needed more time to finish the book. B. They both found the plot twists fascinating. C. They have divided opinions about the ending. D. They have their own understanding of the plot.
10. A. She looks forward to it. B. She hasn’t heard about it.
C. She isn’t much interested in it. D. She thinks it will be better than expected.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer
conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the
questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four
possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. Evolution of hourglasses. B. Ancient people’s wisdom.
C. Earliest forms of clocks. D. Application of sun shadows.
12. A. They were more accurate. B. They no longer use sun shadows.
C. They could measure time at night. D. They could work well on rainy days.
13. A. They were filled with sand. B. They were created by ancient Egyptians.
C. They usually worked better during the day. D. They had two bowls connected by a small hole.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. The surface of the Sun. B. The stars close to the Sun.
C. The center of the Milky Way. D. The unusual shape of the Milky Way.
15. A. It is the oldest part of the star system. B. It is the hottest region of the Milky Way.
C. It has numerous stars and various activity. D. It is 26,000 light years away from the Earth.
16. A. Visible light. B. X-rays and radio waves.
C. Change in temperatures. D. Huge clouds of gas.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. Witnessing some sharks. B. Seeing pollution on the beach.
C. Participating in a school strike. D. Reading about Greta Thunberg.
18. A. They are mindless killers. B. They should be left alone.
C. They are passionate creatures. D. They deserve protection.
19. A. It results in more strikes at school. B. It distracts him from his studies.
C. It makes him unpopular at school. D. It raises people’s awareness.
20. A. They are open-minded about it. B. They believe change is difficult.
C. They think change is unnecessary. D. They support change in daily matters.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary (25’+20*1’ = 45’)
Section A
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices
marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.
1 ．As is standard, in a sci-fi movie set in a distant future, there is an innovative central character and a catastrophic (灾难性的) incident must deal with.
A ．he B ．that C ．which D ．who
2 ．We a profound sense of sadness when witnessing those once-magnificent ancient temples gradually fall victim to the march of time and human neglect, never to their former glory.
A ．can’t help feeling; to restore B ．can’t help feel; restored
C ．can’t help but feel; to be restored D ．can’t help to feel; restoring
3 ．While I was preparing for my final exams, I noticed an announcement about an internship opportunity at a renowned tech company located in the downtown area on the notice board in our school hallway.
A ．displayed B ．having displayed C ．displaying D ．to be displayed
4 ．Tom was surprised to find the smartphone he had had at a high-end repair shop went wrong just a week later.
A ．it repaired B ．repaired C ．repaired it D ．to be repaired
5．What the professor presented at the international academic conference, was an in-depth analysis of the latest research findings in the field, effective in sparking intense
discussions among the scholars.
A ．where; was proved B ．that; was proved C ．which; proved D ．as; had proved
6 ．I liked it when my father and I would walk along the sea, leaving footprints on the sandy shore I wished to return and, softly, place my foot his had left its marks.
A ．which; where B ．where; on which C ．that; on which D ．where; where
7 ． meticulously (细致地) by the professor on the blackboard, but the students still
struggled to grasp the underlying logic of the complex mathematical formula.
A ．Having been presented B ．Presented C ．Being presented
D ．It had been presented
8 ． archaeologists unearth more ancient burial sites with the aid of cutting-edge
technologies, we are on the edge of answering the age-old question complex social structures existed among prehistoric communities.
A ．That, what B ．As, that C ．As, whether D ．Whether, which
9 ． which competitor could have launched such a highly competitive product in such a
short time, the CEO of the company called an urgent meeting with the marketing and research teams.
A ．Left wondering B ．Leaving wondering C ．Leaving wondered D ．Left wondered
10 ． not to dwell on (纠结于) past mistakes and regrets, creating a mental prison of
negativity that hinders personal growth, but to gain a profound understanding of one’s strengths and weaknesses.
A ．Reflect B ．Reflecting C ．To reflect D ．Having reflected
11． 20 meters in height and surging forward with a destructive force, the tsunami (海啸)
has swept across several coastal towns, causing widespread devastation.
A ．Measured; having happened B ．Measured; happening
C ．Measuring; that happened D ．Measuring; happened
12 ．After five hours’ driving that almost exhausted the scientists field research, they reached they thought was the place they’d been dreaming of.
A ．to do; where B ．doing; what
C ．having done; what D ．to be doing; which
13 ．We opted for that airline for our vacation trip because the current round-trip fare per person is reduced to $300, merely one-third of it typically demanded during peak travel seasons.
A ．that B ．which C ．what D ．how
14 ．It is no good the athlete, who has been undergoing high-intensity training sessions for the past six days to prepare for an important competition, in recreational activities as his body and mind are still in the high-performance mode.
A ．to invite; to engage B ．inviting; engaged
C ．inviting; to engage D ．to invite; engaging
15．We require an educational system on the belief that every student can be constantly motivated throughout their academic journey, that no learner is born with an innate (与生俱来的) mastery of all subjects, and that a vast amount of knowledge is always yet .
A ．having been constructed; to come B ．constructed; to come
C ．to be constructed; coming D ．being constructed; to have come
16．After losing her job, Sarah had to months of financial struggle before finally finding a new position that matched her skills.
A ．get to do with B ．get pushed into C ．go down to D ．go through
17 ．The psychologist claimed that empathy was not merely a desirable trait in interpersonal relationships but an essential in the recipe for societal harmony, as it enabled
individuals to collaborate toward common goals.
A ．ingredient B ．element C ．factor D ．cause
18 ．The government’s plans to transform the aging urban infrastructure into a ’smart city’ by 2030 have sparked intense debate among citizens.
A ．temporary B ．conventional C ．ambitious D ．incredible
19．The general placed his troops along the riverbank, ensuring they had a clear view of the enemy’s approach while maintaining a strong defensive position.
A ．strategically B ．naturally C ．casually D ．impulsively
20 ．After moving to the new city, Sarah tried hard to with the local community by joining clubs and attending social events. She wanted to feel like she belonged there.
A ．mix up B ．fit in C ．catch up D ．hang around
21．Despite her passion for literature and dreams of becoming a novelist, Emily pursuing a career in medicine by her parents.
A ．was drawn to B ．set about
C ．was at the mercy of D ．got pushed into
22 ．The university’s geology department arranged a weekend to a local quarry, allowing students to analyze rock formations and collect fossil samples under the supervision of a
professor.
A ．explosion B ．exposure C ．excursion D ．exploration
23 ．After years of saving, the couple decided to beyond their comfort zone by quitting their corporate jobs and embarking on a year-long journey around the world.
A ．step B ．expand C ．adventure D ．depart
24 ．The athlete, who has already set three national records in diving and recently survived a
near-fatal accident during a training session, is now constantly training to , aiming to break the world record.
A ．know no boundary B ．push the limits C ．stay in line D ．make it
25 ．People who choose fast food for convenience while complaining about fatigue (劳累) — poor nutrition is the root cause of their low energy, not a lack of coffee breaks.
A ．miss the point B ．hit the nail on the head
C ．sweep it under the rug D ．kill two birds with one stone
Section B
(A)
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. resist B. demonstrated C. risky D. reflection E. simply F. internalize G. flourished H. potential I. rebellion J. truly K. defended
What comes to your mind when you think about peer pressure Is it a feeling of
disappointment as you think back on the times you did something dumb 26 for social reward, or because of others’ influence
What if the same psychological forces that push us toward questionable behavior also hold the power to amplify good ones We often talk about peer pressure as something to 27 . We treat it like a villain in the story of decision-making. Peer pressure itself isn’t inherently good or bad. It’s a 28 and reinforcement of the behaviors, values, and choices a group desires most.
The same social mechanisms that push people toward ____29____ behavior can also pull them toward cooperation and care. In one study, researchers observed how peer influence worked both ways. If popularity in a group was linked to aggression, aggressive behavior spread.
However, if it was linked to kindness, prosocial behavior 30 .
Peer pressure can magnify whatever matters most to a group, workplace, or family. If a
culture values risk or 31 , that’s what spreads. But if a culture values curiosity, empathy, or cooperation, those qualities will grow.
Research on child development shows that adolescents 32 social norms through peer interaction. In one study, researchers found that students who were considered the “popular” kids had stronger 33 to influence behavioral norms. If the popular students 34 more positive peer pressure examples such as cooperation and kindness, those behaviors were
more likely to be repeated.
The research around positive peer pressure in schools offers 35 remarkable hope and opportunity for students. Kids who model empathy and responsibility can redefine
what’s “cool” within their social groups and turn cooperation and kindness into desirable traits.
Regardless of age, it’s easy to see how prosocial behaviors can spread. Whether kids see these behaviors modeled in our communities, homes, or at schools, the message remains: seeing good behaviors modeled can get others to follow suit.
(B)
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. withdraw B. isolated C. ties D. professionally E. venturing F. appreciate G. tipped H. preferences I. naturally J. rewiring K. inquire
As an old saying goes, don’t put all your eggs in one basket. Still, many people who might follow this financial advice often ignore it when it comes to their daily lives: their self-esteem may depend on whether they get promoted at work, or their social 36 might rely on a single
close friend.
Just as putting all your resources into one stock is a recipe for financial disaster, relying on
only one or two baskets to hold your emotional needs can lead to trouble if those baskets are 37 over: your company might go out of business. Similarly, your friend might
38 because they’re feeling stressed.
Often, the solution to their problems lies in exploring these areas-essentially stepping
outside their comfort zones. The same idea applies here: diversifying — creating new baskets — involves 39 into unfamiliar territory, trying new things. Ask yourself what’s most
lacking in your life socially or 40 that you need to develop Again, the more baskets the better.
Once you know where you want to go, it’s time to plan how to get there. If you’re quite 41 , consider ways to expand your social network; if your professional self-esteem
depends on your promotion, step back and 42 how much your professional skills have developed over time. But, if possible, also dig deeper. For example, having a small social circle could be the result of being 43 shy and having social anxiety, just as putting all your eggs in the job baskets is a byproduct of anxiety that keeps your world small. Ideally, focus on both what you can do to expand your world and attack what might be holding you back.
Instead of doing what you think you should, try following what excites you. Following
excitement or simple 44 not only helps you break free from being driven by others’
approval, but also points the direction to what you truly want and need. By letting these positive feelings be your guide, you’re 45 your brain and lowering your anxiety.
III. Reading Comprehension (15’+30’ = 45’)
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or
phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Throughout history, many lives have been lost at the hands of severe weather.
Meteorologists (气象学家) and scientists alike are always investigating new ways to increase the warning time for storms, with the hope of reducing the ______ of lives. In the past few decades, local weather radar advancements have been made, which allow for better accuracy in the paths of storms.
Meteorologists and scientists have been able to successfully track severe thunderstorms and possible tornadoes by using an advanced tracking system called NEXRAD (Next-Generation
Radar). NEXRAD is a tracking network 158 Doppler weather radars. And during a storm this high-resolution computerized takes readings on the amount of precipitation (降水) in the air, the movements in the clouds, and the wind speeds.
These are bounced back to a local weather computer, and a colorful image appears on the screen, giving meteorologists a clear picture of what kind of weather is on the horizon. This final image is what you see when the meteorologist breaks in with severe weather reports and
warnings. , on your television screen you will see a computer animated image of the approaching storm.
If the storm is severe enough, then the National Weather Service (NWS) will
severe weather reports of severe thunderstorm warnings for your area. , the storm captured on the radar will have produced strong readable winds, detectable lightning, and some hail (冰雹). Paying attention to the weather map is when severe weather is around.
On the television screen you will see several colors on the precipitation map, from blue (the lightest) to black (the heaviest). If the colors for your area are yellow, take
caution. If the colors range between orange and red, take cover immediately, as damaging winds and dangerous lightning have been reported.
When local weather radar in Atlanta, Georgia reported high winds, ______ wind patterns and large hail earlier this year, the National Weather Service issued a tornado .
Meteorologists in the area used the collected data to predict what path the storm would take, which areas needed to be warned.
Thanks to this technology, most residents received the severe weather reports early enough to seek before the storm hit. Paying attention to your local weather source during severe weather plays a vital role in your safety.
46 ．A ．loss B ．increase C ．protection D ．value
47 ．A ．changing B ．controlling C ．predicting D ．guiding
48 ．A ．faced with B ．exposed to C ．involved in D ．made up of
49 ．A ．structure B ．system C ．mode D ．style
50 ．A ．figures B ．data C ．readings D ．statistics
51 ．A ．Most likely B ．Most evidently C ．Most interestingly D ．Most importantly
52 ．A ．decide B ．estimate C ．handle D ．issue
53 ．A ．By the way B ．In that case C ．To some extent D ．On the contrary
54 ．A ．vital B ．reasonable C ．normal D ．available
55 ．A ．expanding B ．spreading C ．ranging D ．extending
56 ．A ．proper B ．specific C ．typical D ．regular
57 ．A ．straight B ．unique C ．general D ．circular
58 ．A ．process B ．threat C ．warning D ．sign
59 ．A ．indicating B ．recognizing C ．revealing D ．recommending
60 ．A ．rescue B ．residence C ．support D ．shelter
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by
several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
At first glance Esther Okade seems like a normal 10-year-old. She loves dressing up as Elsa from “Frozen”, playing with Barbie dolls and going to the park or shopping. But what makes the British-Nigerian youngster stand out is the fact that she’s also a university student.
Esther, from Walsall, an industrial town in the UK’s West Midlands region, is one of the
country’s youngest college freshmen. The talented 10-year-old enrolled at the Open University in January and is already top of the class, having recently scored 100% in an exam.
“It’s so interesting and super easy,” she laughs. “My mum taught me in a nice way.” She adds: “I want to finish the course in two years. Then I’m going to do my PhD in financial maths when I’m 13. I want to have my own bank by the time I’m 15 because I like numbers and I like people and banking is a great way to help people.”
And in case people think her parents have pushed her into starting university early, Esther disagrees. “I actually wanted to start when I was seven. But my mum didn’t agree.” After three years of begging, Mother Efe finally agreed to explore the idea.
Esther has always jumped ahead of her peers. Her mother noticed her daughter’s gift for
figures shortly after she began homeschooling her at the age of three. Initially, Esther’s parents
had enrolled her in a private school but after a few short weeks, the usually-energetic youngster
refused to go back to that school because the teachers didn’t let her talk in class. In the UK,
education is not compulsory until five, so Efe started to do little things at home by teaching basic number skills but Esther was miles ahead. By four, her natural talent for maths had seen the eager student move on to algebra (代数学) and quadratic equations (二次方程式).
And Esther isn’t the only maths miracle in the family. Her younger brother Isaiah, 6, will soon be sitting his first A-level exam in June.
61 ．Which of the following makes Esther Okade different from her normal peers
A ．She is the youngest college student in the UK.
B ．She goes to university at a much earlier age.
C ．She often gets full marks in maths exams.
D ．She loves acting as a university student.
62 ．From the passage we can learn that .
A ．Esther thinks her parents expect too much of her
B ．Esther cannot adapt herself well to college life
C ．Esther asked to go to university even earlier
D ．Esther dislikes being taught at home
63 ．What might be a main factor that has led to Esther’s being a maths genius
A ．The gene from her family. B ．Her course in the university.
C ．The criticism from her teachers. D ．Her mother’s homeschooling.
64 ．Esther can be described as a girl who .
A ．is ambitious and has a clear goal B ．is creative and loves exploring the unknown
C ．is rebellious but ready to help others D ．is energetic but reluctant to challenge herself
(B)
Guided Desert Adventure
Typical desert activities like sandboarding, dune bashing and quad biking
With this tour, you’ll have half a day of adventure activities in the desert.
You’ll start your tour by driving to a scenic spot on the top of a tall sand dune (沙丘) for a chance to take photos of the area. On top of a sand dune, you’ll have the chance to slide down the side by sandboarding. From here, you’ll get ready for hitting some dunes in a four-wheel drive
vehicle. Next, you’ll hop on a quad bike and have time to drive around the desert in the open air. Finally, you’ll have a camel ride around a small part of the desert.
What’s included
Pickup and drop-off
20 minutes of sandboarding
35 minutes of dune bashing
25 minutes of quad biking
10-minute camel ride
Water and soft drinks
A drive through a camel farm
Additional information
Requires a high level of physical fitness.
Not suitable for children between 0 and 5.
Children under 18 must be accompanied by an adult.
Tours starting after noon include a BBQ dinner with sweets and fruits, which costs an additional US$ 45/person only.
65 ．What kind of experiences can participants expect from this trip
A ．Taking a sand bathing on the top of a sand dune.
B ．Exploring the expansive desert freely on a camel ride.
C ．An exciting day adventure filled with diverse activities.
D ．Capturing the breathtaking desert landscape with a camera.
66 ．How much does a group of four university students need to pay for taking the 14:00 tour
A ．US$ 180. B ．US$ 220. C ．US$ 265. D ．US$ 400.
67 ．Which of the following is most likely to be a review from a former participant of the tour
A ．The show was great! I highly recommend!
B ．It was a lot offun and I enjoyed every minute of it.
C ．The place is cool, easy to find and get to with metro.
D ．Arrive early for tickets to avoid a long queue.
(C)
From Marie Tussaud’s Chamber of Horrors to Disneyland’s Haunted Mansion (鬼屋) to horror-themed escape rooms, haunted house attractions have terrified and delighted audiences around the world for more than 200 years.
These attractions turn out to be good places to study fear. They help scientists understand the body’s response to fright and how we perceive some situations as enjoyably thrilling and
others as truly terrible. One surprising finding: having friends close at hand in a haunted house might make you more jumpy, not less so.
Psychologist and study co-author Sarah Tashjian, who is now at the University of
Melbourne, and her team conducted their research with 156 adults, who each wore a wireless wrist sensor during their visit. The sensor measured skin responses linked to the body’s reactions to
stress and other situations. When the sensor picked up, for example, greater skin conductance — that is, the degree to which the skin can transmit an electric current — that was a sign that the
body was more aroused and ready for fight or flight. In addition to this measure, people reported their expected fear (on a scale of 1 to 10) before entering the haunted house and their experienced fear (on the same scale) after completing the haunt.
The scientists found that people who reported greater fear also showed heightened skin
responses. Being with friends, Tashjian and her colleagues further found, increased physiological arousal during the experience, which was linked to stronger feelings of fright. In fact, the fear
response was actually weaker when people went through the house in the presence of strangers.
Other investigators have used haunted houses to understand how fear and enjoyment can
coexist. In a 2020 study led by Marc Malmdorf Andersen, a member of the Recreational Fear Lab at Aarhus University in Denmark, scientists joined forces with Dystopia Haunted House. The
Danish attraction includes such terrifying experiences as being chased by “Mr. Piggy”, a large,
chain-saw-wielding man wearing a bloody butcher’s apron and pig mask. People between the ages of 12 and 57 were video recorded at peak moments during the attraction, wore heart-rate monitors throughout and reported on their experience. People’s fright was tied to large-scale heart-rate
fluctuations; their enjoyment was linked to small-scale ones. The results suggest that fear and enjoyment can happen together when physiological arousal is balanced “just right” .
68 ．Studying haunted house attractions helps scientists to learn about .
A ．the psychological effects of fear on individuals
B ．the history of horror-themed entertainment
C ．the body’s response to material rewards
D ．the impact of technology on people’s enjoyment
69 ．How did Sarah Tashjian and her team conduct their research on haunted house experiences
A ．By surveying participants. B ．By analyzing historical records.
C ．By employing wireless wrist sensors. D ．By using virtual reality simulations.
70 ．What did Tashjian and her colleagues discover in their study
A ．Being with friends elevated level of physiological arousal.
B ．The fear reaction was stronger in the company of strangers.
C ．Psychological effect was unrelated to intensified feelings of fright.
D ．Those reporting lightened fear showed increased skin responses.
71 ．It can be concluded from the 2020 study led by Marc Malmdorf Andersen that .
A ．fear and enjoyment can not happen at the same time
B ．large-scale heart-rate fluctuations were linked to enjoyment
C ．the age of the participants was not related to the study’s findings
D ．fear and enjoyment can coexist under certain conditions
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two
more sentences than you need.
Multivitamins (复合维生素) are the most common dietary supplement in the U.S. People take these pills for a variety of health reasons, but the science on what multivitamins may do for your health is mixed, and none of them are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 72 .
In a randomized clinical trial involving 958 adults aged 60 or older, researchers found that taking a multivitamin-multimineral supplement for two years modestly slowed two molecular
signals for aging in the body known as “epigenetic clocks.” In the people who took the
supplement, the clocks’ rate of increase slowed by around 1.5 to two months per year, compared with the clocks of those who took a placebo. The findings were published on Monday in Nature Medicine.
73 . While the researchers saw an effect with two epigenetic clocks called
PCPhenoAge and PCGrimAge, three other epigenetic clocks included in the study showed no statistically significant change to their speed.
One of the study’s strengths is that the researchers carefully matched the characteristics of people in the vitamin group to those in the placebo group, says Zachary Clayton, an assistant
professor of medicine at the University of Colorado Anschutz, who was also not involved with the research. “ 74 ,” he says.
The study doesn’t take a person’s exact diet or physical activity during the two-year period into account. 75 . Still, in nutrition science, randomized clinical trials ofthis kind are
rare. They aren’t generally required to sell supplements like multivitamins, even if the makers claim specific health benefits.
A ．Experts who were not involved in the new study urged caution.
B ．But interestingly, a new study suggests that taking a daily multivitamin could slow biological aging.
C ．Those factors can’t be ruled out as having an effect on biological aging, he adds.
D．However, the magnitude of the observed differences was modest, and their clinical significance remains uncertain.
E ．In fact, recent surveys show that the popularity of multivitamins has been declining among health-conscious consumers.
F ．Nevertheless, the magnitude of the observed differences was negligible, and their clinical significance is completely meaningless.
*Part II
I. Grammar (10*+10*)
Section A
Directions: After reading the sentences below, fill in the blanks with the proper form of the given word to make the sentence coherent and grammatically
correct.
76 ．Going on a spontaneous road trip is a way you can imagine (escape) from the daily routine and have some fun. (所给词的适当形式填空)
77 ．The online retailer offered fast delivery services and excellent customer support, (gain) a good reputation in the market. (所给词的适当形式填空)
78 ．The young artist has been refining her skills for years, and her works are getting closer to (recognize) by the international art community, potentially opening new
opportunities for her career. (所给词的适当形式填空)
79 ．She was extremely disappointed that the precious painting she had been looking forward to seeing was said (steal) before the exhibition opened. （所给词的适当形式填空）
80． (work) tirelessly for months, the software development team finally succeeded in launching a revolutionary new application. (所给词的适当形式填空)
81 ．After (refer) to as a “cradle of ancient civilization” due to its long-standing history and rich cultural heritage, China has been continuously striving to show the world its unique blend of historical depth and contemporary vitality. (所给词的适当形式填空)
82 ．The city planners are on the point of having the new transportation system
(approve) by the government, which will significantly improve traffic flow in the urban area. （所给词的适当形式填空）
83 ．Amidst growing concerns over the rapid deterioration of the local ecosystem due to industrial pollution, an environmental activist group demanded the factory owner (cease) all
operations immediately. (所给词的适当形式填空)
84 ． (compare) with the conventional lecture-based education model, in which
teachers primarily deliver information to students in a one-way fashion, the project-based learning approach encourages students to apply their knowledge and skills to solve complex problems（所给词的适当形式填空）
85 ．All the delicate artifacts (damage) severely by the collapse of the ancient tomb during the excavation process, and the archaeological team had no choice but to suspend their
work temporarily. (所给词的适当形式填空)
Section B
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and
grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The confidence people place in science is frequently based not on what it really is, but on what people would like it to be. When I asked students at the beginning of the year 86 they would define science, many of them replied that it is an objective way of discovering
certainties about the world. But science cannot provide certainties. For example, most Americans trust science 87 it does not challenge their existing beliefs. To the question “When
science disagrees with the teachings of your religion, which one do you believe ” 58 percent of North Americans favor religion; 33 percent science; and 6 percent say “it depends”.
But doubt in science is a feature, not a bug. Indeed, science, when properly functioning,
questions 88 (accept) facts and leads to both new knowledge and new questions — not certainty. Doubt does not cultivate trust, nor does it help public understanding. So why should
people trust a process that seems to require a troublesome state of uncertainty without always providing solid solutions
As a historian of science, I would argue that it’s the responsibility of scientists and
historians of science to show that the real power of science lies precisely in 89 is often
perceived as its weakness: its drive 90 (question) and challenge a possible explanation. Indeed, the scientific approach requires changing our understanding of the natural world whenever new evidence emerges from either experimentation or observation. Scientific findings are
hypotheses that contain the state of knowledge at a given moment. In the long run, many of them 91 (challenge) and even overturned. Doubt might be 92 (trouble), but it
stimulates us towards a better understanding; certainties, as reassuring as they may seem, in fact
93 (block) the scientific process.
Scientists understand this, but in the 94 (oppose) force between the public and
science, there are two significant traps. One is a form of blind scientism — that is, a belief in the capacity of science to solve all problems. And the other is a form of relativism ____95____ (stem) from a lack of confidence in the very existence of truth.
II. Translation (3++3++4++5+)
Directions: Translate the following phrases and sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
96 ．这首歌很动人，她每次听都忍不住想哭。 (feel) (汉译英)
97 ．那些游客在徒步时迷路，你觉得该怪谁 (blame V.) (汉译英)
98．这位消防员宁愿冒着失去生命的危险，也不愿把被困的孩子留在燃烧的大楼里，他的无私之举颇为令人钦佩。(impress)（汉译英）
99．尽管与固执己见的人争论纯属浪费时间，但如今我已到了这样一个阶段：我期待通过这些经历学会在压力下保持冷静。（waste;look）（汉译英）
1 ．A
句意： 一如惯例，在一部遥远未来背景的科幻电影里，总会有一位独特的主角，以及一场他必须应对的灾难性事件。分析句子可知， 空格后：must deal with ，deal with（应对 / 处理）只能由人发出，事物不能主动处理自己；从句明显缺少主语。若填 that/which，从句变为：that/which must deal with，无逻辑主语，事件不能主动“处理”，且 deal with 缺宾语，语法、语义双重错误。D 项 who 只能指代人，无法修饰 incident（事件），排除。本句是省略引导词的定语从句：a catastrophic incident (that/which) he must deal with，引导词 that/which作 deal with 的宾语，可省略；he 作从句主语。
2 ．C
句意： 目睹那些曾经宏伟的古寺，渐渐沦为岁月侵蚀与人为漠视的牺牲品，且永远无法被恢复往日盛景时，我们不禁深感悲凉。第一空为短语 can’t help doing 表示“ 忍不住
做 ”；can’t help but do 表示“ 忍不住做 ”，故排除 B、D 选项；第二空 temples 和 restore （修复）是被动关系，应用不定式的被动形式 to be restored。
3 ．A
句意： 在我备战期末考试期间，我注意到学校走廊的公告栏上张贴着一则知名科技公司的实习招聘通知，该公司地处市中心。announcement（公告）和 display（张贴、展示）是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。
4 ．B
句意：汤姆惊讶地发现，他在高端维修店修过的智能手机，一周后就又出故障了。句子用到了 have sth. done 表示“让某事被做” 的固定结构，此处 the smartphone 是先行词，在定语从句 he had had at a high-end repair shop 中充当 had 的宾语，即 he had had the
smartphone repaired，表示“让手机被修理”。故从句中不再需要 it 作宾语，因此使用过去分词 repaired 作宾补。
5 ．C
句意： 这位教授在国际学术会议上发表的内容，是对该领域最新研究成果的深度分析，它被证明能有效引发学者们的热烈讨论。第一空：空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为 What the professor presented，指物，从句缺主语，用关系代词 which 引导从句。第二空： prove 表示“证明是，结果是”，是系动词，通常用主动形式表示被动含义，此处描述过去发生的事情，用动词过去式 proved。
6 ．D
句意： 我喜欢和父亲一起沿着海边散步，在沙滩上留下脚印，我总想回到那里，轻轻把脚踩在他留下足迹的地方。第一空：空处引导定语从句，先行词是 the sandy shore，表 示地点，定语从句 I wished to return 中缺少地点状语，因此用关系副词 where 引导定语从句。第二空：空处引导地点状语从句，表示“在他留下足迹的地方” ，从句 his had left its marks 中缺少地点状语，因此用连接副词 where 引导地点状语从句。
7 ．D
句意： 教授在黑板上对它进行了细致的讲解，但学生们还是难以理解这个复杂数学公式背后的逻辑原理。but 连接两个完整的简单句，前后都必须：主语 + 谓语，A 、B 、C均不是完整的句子，故排除，D 选项 It 指代后面的 formula（公式），作主语，had been presented为谓语，正确。
8 ．C
句意： 随着考古学家借助先进的技术发掘出越来越多的古代墓葬遗址，我们正逐渐接近解答这样一个古老问题：史前社会群体中是否存在着复杂的社会结构。第一空引导时间状语从句，表示“ 随着”用 as；第二空引导同位语从句，说明 question 的内容，表示“是否”用whether。
9 ．A
句意：公司 CEO 不知道哪个竞争对手能在这么短的时间内推出如此有竞争力的产品，于是召集营销和研发团队召开紧急会议。“leave ”作原因状语，leave(让 处于)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语 the CEO 之间是被动关系，用过去分词left 表被动；wonder(想知道，好奇)作主语补足语，与其逻辑主语 the CEO 之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。
10 ．A
句意：反思时不要纠结于过去的错误和遗憾，创造阻碍个人成长的消极思维牢笼，而要深刻认识自身的优缺点。这是一个祈使句，句首需用动词原形，且句中使用了“not to... but to...” 的结构，和祈使句“Reflect...”构成逻辑呼应。
11 ．C
句意： 这场海啸高达 20 米，裹挟毁灭性力量汹涌来袭。发生的这场海啸席卷多座沿海城镇，造成大范围重创。分析句子可知， 第一空为非谓语动词作状语，measure 和逻辑主语 the tsunami 为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式；第二空句子主干：the tsunami has swept across （主句已有谓语），所以为定语从句 that happened，修饰 tsunami，结构合法、逻辑通顺。
12 ．B
句意： 历时五小时的车程几乎让开展实地调研的科学家们筋疲力尽，他们终于抵达了那片自认为梦寐以求的地方。分析句子可知，此处用现在分词 doing 作后置定语，修饰 scientists，表示“进行实地调研的科学家”。第二空 reached 后接宾语从句；they thought 是插入语，去掉后从句缺少主语：where 是副词，不能作主语；which 引导名词性从句需限定范围；what 在名词性从句中可作主语，指代事物，完全符合。
13 ．C
句意：我们选择这家航空公司是因为此次度假的往返机票价格已降至每人 300 美元，这仅仅是平时旺季时价格的三分之一。空格处引导的是宾语从句，从句中缺少 demanded的宾语，此处表示“这仅仅是平时旺季时价格的三分之一”，空格处用 what 引导宾语从句。
14 ．C
句意： 这名运动员为备战重要赛事，连续六天接受高强度训练，身心仍处于高效能模式，此时邀请他参与休闲活动是不妥的。分析句子可知， 第一空为固定句型：It is no good doing sth.意为“做某事毫无用处/不妥” ，必须接动名词，故填 inviting，排除 A 、D。第二空为固定搭配：invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人做某事”，所以为不定式作宾语补足语，用 to
engage，排除 B。
15 ．B
句意： 我们需要这样一套教育体系：它建立在这些理念之上 —— 每个学生在求学路上都能持续被激励、没有人生来就精通所有科目、海量知识永远尚待探索。第一空 an
educational system 与 construct 是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语；第二空 yet to come 表示“ 尚未到来、有待获取”。
16 ．D
句意： 丢掉工作后，萨拉不得不熬过数月的经济困境，才终于找到一份与自己能力匹配的新工作。A. get to do with 无此搭配；B. get pushed into 被迫卷入，被迫接受；C. go down to 降至，去往（某地）；D. go through 经历（艰难困苦），熬过。根据 months of financial struggle可知，此处为动词短语 go through“经历（艰难困苦）”,符合语境。
17 ．A
句意： 这位心理学家认为，共情不仅是人际关系中一种可取的特质，更是社会和谐“配方” 中必不可少的成分，因为它能让人们为共同目标而协作。A. ingredient 成分；B. element要素； C. factor 因素；D. cause 原因。句中出现了 recipe for societal harmony 表示“社会和谐
的配方” ，ingredient 可以指食谱中的“原料、成分” ，与“配方”形成完美的比喻呼应。
18 ．C
句意：政府宏大的计划 —— 在 2030 年前把老旧城市基础设施改造为智慧城市，在市民中引发了激烈讨论。A. temporary 暂时的；B. conventional 传统的；C. ambitious 宏大的，有抱负的；D. incredible 难以置信的。根据上文“transform the aging urban infrastructure into a ’smart city’ by 2030”可知，2030 年建成智慧城市是长远且规模巨大的规划。
19 ．A
句意：将军战略性地沿河岸部署军队，既能清楚监视敌军动向，又能稳固防守阵地。
A. strategically 战略性地，策略上地；B. naturally 自然地；C. casually 随意地，漫不经心地； D. impulsively 冲动地。根据 ensuring they had a clear view of the enemy’s approach while
maintaining a strong defensive position 可知，将军战略性地沿河岸部署军队。
20 ．B
考查动词短语辨析。句意：搬到新城市后，萨拉努力融入当地社区，加入俱乐部、参加社交活动，她渴望拥有归属感。A. mix up 混淆，弄乱；B. fit in 适应，融入；C. catch up赶上，追上；D. hang around 闲逛，徘徊。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语 fit in“适应，融 入” ，符合语境。
21 ．D
句意：尽管艾米丽热爱文学，梦想成为一名小说家，但她在父母的逼迫下从事了医学事业。A. was drawn to 被吸引到 ；B. set about 开始着手；C. was at the mercy of 受 支配；D. got pushed into 被迫去做。句中 by her parents 明确了动作的发出者是父母，got pushed into doing sth 精准表达了艾米丽是在父母压力下选择医学职业的语境。
22 ．C
句意：这所大学的地质系组织了一次周末采石场短途考察，让学生们在教授的指导下分析岩层并收集化石样本。A. explosion 爆炸；B. exposure 暴露；C. excursion 短途旅行，研学旅行；D. exploration 探索。根据“a weekend”及“to a local quarry”和 “analyze rock
formations and collect fossil samples”可知，此处指学校组织的、为了教学目的的短途研学活动。
23 ．A
句意：攒了多年钱后，这对夫妇决定走出舒适区，辞去职场工作，开启为期一年的环球之旅。A. step 迈步，踏出；B. expand 扩张，拓展；C. adventure 冒险；D. depart 离开。
根据 by quitting their corporate jobs and embarking on a year-long journey around the world.可知，这对夫妇决定走出舒适区。
24 ．B
考查动词短语辨析。句意： 这位运动员已创下三项跳水全国纪录，近期还在训练中侥幸躲过一场致命事故，如今仍不断训练挑战极限，志在打破世界纪录。A. know no boundary毫无界限、无止境；B. push the limits 挑战极限、突破上限；C. stay in line 保持一致、遵守规矩；D. make it 成功、准时到达。结合后文“break the world record（打破世界纪录）”的语境，只有 push the limits 符合拼搏突破的语义。
25 ．A
考查动词短语辨析。句意： 人们为了方便选择快餐，却又抱怨身体劳累，完全没抓住重点——精力不足的根源是营养不良，而非缺少喝咖啡的休息时间。A. miss the point 不得要领、没抓住关键； B. hit the nail on the head 一针见血、说到点子上； C. sweep it under the rug 掩盖问题、避而不谈；D. kill two birds with one stone 一举两得。结合上文“People who choose fast food for convenience while complaining about fatigue”，这类人只看到表面劳累，找不到根本原因，对应短语 miss the point。
26 ．E 27 ．A 28 ．D 29 ．C 30 ．G 31 ．I 32 ．F 33 ．H
34 ．B 35 ．J
这篇文章主要介绍了同辈压力并无绝对好坏，既能催生不良行为，也能促进善行。同伴影响会塑造人的行为，积极的同辈氛围能传播友善合作，带来长远益处。
26．考查副词。句意： 是那种当你回想起自己因寻求社交认可或受他人影响而做出愚蠢行为时所产生的失望感吗？分析句子可知，此处为副词修饰目的状语，simply 为副词，意为“仅仅、单纯”，符合“为了社交回报做傻事” 的语境。
27．考查动词。句意： 我们通常将同伴压力视为需要抵制的东西。分析句子可知， 此处为不定式作定语，空处为动词原形，resist“抵制”为动词，构成“something to resist”（需要抵制的事物），呼应后文“把同辈压力当成决策中的反派”。
28．考查名词。句意： 它只是反映了并强化了一个群体最渴望的行为、价值观和选择。分析句子可知，空前为不定冠词 a，此处为单数名词形式，reflection 为名词，与“reinforcement
（强化）”并列的名词，意为“反映”，指同辈压力是群体主流价值观的反映和强化。
29．考查形容词。句意： 推动人们走向危险行为的社会机制同样也能促使他们走向合作与关
爱。分析句子可知，此处为形容词修饰 behavior，与后文“合作与关怀”形成正反对比，risky为形容词，指“有风险的、不良的”行为，符合语境。
30．考查动词。句意： 然而，如果它与友善相关，那么助人行为就会蓬勃发展。分析句子可知，此处为动词过去式，与前文“spread（传播）”对应，flourished 为动词，意为“蓬勃发展、盛行”，指亲社会行为会广泛流行，符合语境。
31．考查名词。句意： 如果一种文化重视冒险或叛逆，那么这种特质就会传播开来。分析句子可知，此处与“risk（冒险）”并列的负面名词，rebellion 为名词，意为“叛逆”，符合 “不良文化会传播” 的逻辑。
32 ．考查动词。句意：儿童发展的研究表明，青少年通过与同龄人的互动来内化社会规范。分析句子可知，此处为动词作谓语，internalize 为动词，意为“ 内化”，是发展心理学常用表 达，指青少年通过同伴互动将社会规范转化为自身准则。
33．考查名词。句意： 在一项研究中，研究人员发现那些被认为是“受欢迎” 的学生具有更强的影响力来塑造行为规范的潜力。分析句子可知， 此处为名词 potential“潜力”构成固定搭配“have potential to do sth.”，意为“有做某事的潜力”，指受欢迎的学生有更强的影响力潜力，符合语境。
34．考查动词。句意： 如果受欢迎的学生表现出更多积极的同伴压力行为，比如合作和友善，那么这些行为更有可能被重复。分析句子可知， 此处为动词作谓语成分，demonstrated 为动词过去式，意为“展示、示范”，指受欢迎的学生做出合作、友善的正面示范。
35．考查副词。句意： 关于学校中积极的同伴压力的研究为学生提供了真正令人振奋的希望和机会。分析句子可知，此处为副词修饰形容词“remarkable” ，truly 为副词，意为“真正地”，强调正向同辈压力带来的巨大希望。
36 ．C 37 ．G 38 ．A 39 ．E 40 ．D 41 ．B 42 ．F 43 ．I
44 ．H 45 ．J
这篇文章主要介绍了生活中人们不应把情感寄托单一化，应通过走出舒适区、拓展社交与职业边界、遵从内心喜好等方式丰富生活支撑，从而缓解焦虑。
36．考查名词。句意： 他们的自尊可能取决于工作中是否得到晋升，或者他们的社交关系可能依赖于某一个亲密的朋友。形容词 social 后需接名词，tie 表示“关系，联系” ，social ties为固定搭配，意为“社交关系”。
37．考查动词。句意： 正如把所有资产都投在一只股票上注定会招致财务危机一样，只依靠
(
r
)一两个“篮子”来承载你的情感需求，一旦这些“篮子”被打翻，也会招致麻烦：比如你所在的公司可能会倒闭。空前 if those baskets are 提示此处为被动语态，空处需填过去分词，tip ove为固定短语，意为“打翻，弄翻” ，tip 的过去分词为 tipped。
38 ．考查动词。句意：同样，你的朋友可能会因为感到压力大而疏远。情态动词 might 后接动词原形，根据后文 because they’re feeling stressed 可知，朋友可能会因为感到压力大而疏远自己。withdraw 表示“退出，疏远”。
39 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：多样化 —— 建立新的“篮子”—— 意味着涉足不熟悉的领域，尝试新事物。involve 后接动名词作宾语，根据句意可知，建立新的“篮子”意味着涉足不熟 悉的领域。venture into 为固定搭配，意为“ 冒险进入，涉足” ，venture 的动名词形式为
venturing。
40 ．考查副词。句意：问问自己在社交或职业上最缺乏什么，需要去培养什么？连词 or 连接并列成分，socially 为副词，此处也应用副词，professionally 表示 “职业上，专业上”与 socially 并列。
41 ．考查形容词。句意：如果你相当孤僻，就想办法拓展你的社交圈。空前 are 后接形容词作表语，根据 consider ways to expand your social network 可知，性格孤僻就需要拓展社交圈。 isolated 表示“孤僻的，孤立的”。
42．考查谓语动词。句意：如果你的职业自尊完全取决于能否升职，退一步，体会一下你的专业技能随着时间推移提升了多少。连词 and 连接并列祈使句，此处用动词原形，根据句意可知，此处建议人们退一步，体会一下自己专业技能的提高。appreciate 表示“领会，体会，欣赏”。
43．考查副词。句意：例如，社交圈狭小可能是天生害羞且患有社交焦虑的结果，就像把所有希望都寄托在工作上，是让自身世界变得狭小的焦虑所产生的副产品一样。修饰形容词 shy 需用副词，naturally 表示 “天生地， 自然地” ，符合句意。
44．考查名词。句意：遵从内心的兴奋或简单的偏好，不仅能帮你摆脱他人认可的驱使，同时也能为你指明内心真正渴望与需要的方向。形容词 simple 后接名词，根据前文“try
following what excites you”可知，要遵从自己的喜好。preference 表示“偏好，喜好” ，符合句意。
45 ．考查动词。句意：通过让这些积极情绪指引你，你正在重构大脑、降低焦虑。空前 are及空后 and lowering 提示此处为现在进行时，此处表示你正在重构大脑，rewire 表示“重新连接，重构” ，其现在分词形式为 rewiring。
46 ．A 47 ．C 48 ．D 49 ．B 50 ．C 51 ．A 52 ．D 53 ．B
54 ．A 55 ．C 56 ．B 57 ．D 58 ．C 59 ．A 60 ．D
这是一篇说明文。气象学家和科学家们一直在研究增加天气预警时间的新方法，以期减少生命损失。天气雷达技术的进步，尤其是 NEXRAD 这种雷达体系，能够更准确及时地预报不同程度的天气状况，进而给人们警告，让人们采取适当的防范措施。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：气象学家和科学家们一直在研究增加风暴预警时间的新方法，以期减少生命损失。A. loss 失去；B. increase 增长；C. protection 保护；D. value 价值。根据上文“Throughout history, many lives have been lost at the hands of severe weather.”可知，历史上，许多人死于恶劣天气。结合此句句意，科学家应该是研究新方法减少生命的损失，故选A。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的几十年里，当地的天气雷达已经取得了进步，这使得预报风暴路径的精确度更高。A. changing 改变；B. controlling 控制；C. predicting 预测； D. guiding 指导。根据此句句意可知，天气雷达技术已经取得了进步，所以“预报” 的精确度更高，故选 C。
48 ．考查动词短语辨析。句意：NEXRAD 是一个由 158 个多普勒天气雷达组成的跟踪网络。 A. faced with 面对；B. exposed to 暴露；C. involved in 包含在 ，与 有关；D. made up of 组成。分析句子结构可知，此空是过去分词作 a tracking network 的后置定语，结合空后 宾语以及选项可知，此处表示“一个由 158 个多普勒天气雷达组成的跟踪网络 ” 。故选 D。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在暴风雨中，这个高分辨率的计算机系统读取空气中的降水量、云层的运动和风速。A. structure 结构；B. system 体系；C. mode 方式，风格；D. style方式，样式。上文“Meteorologists and scientists have been able to successfully track severe
thunderstorms and possible tornadoes by using an advanced tracking system called NEXRAD
(Next-Generation Radar).”提到了使用这种被称作 NEXRAD 的先进的追踪系统，用这个系统，气象学家和科学家已经能够成功地跟踪严重的雷暴和可能的龙卷风，所以此处指的就是这个系统。故选 B。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些读数被传回当地的气象计算机，屏幕上会出现一幅彩色图像，让气象学家清楚地了解地平线上的天气情况。A. figures 数字；B. data 数据；C. readings读数；D. statistics 统计数字。上文“And during a storm this high-resolution computerized 4 takes readings on the amount of precipitation (降水) in the air, the movements in the clouds, and
the wind speeds.”提到这种体系读取空气中的降水量、云层的运动和风速这些数据，所以此处指的就是把这些传回当地的气象计算机的读数。故选 C。
51．考查副词短语辨析。句意：很有可能，在你的电视屏幕上，你会看到电脑模拟的未来风暴的图像。A. Most likely 很有可能地；B. Most evidently 最明显地；C. Most interestingly 最有趣地；D. Most importantly 最重要地。副词修饰整句话，根据这句话句意和选项，可知此处表示的是，很有可能，你会在电视上看到电脑模拟的天气图像。故选 A。
52 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果风暴足够严重，那么国家气象局（NWS）将为你所在地区发布严重雷暴警告的恶劣天气报告。A. decide 决定；B. estimate 估计；C. handle 处理； D. issue 宣布；公布。根据此句句意以及空后宾语 severe weather reports“恶劣天气报告”，可知，此处表示有很严重风暴时，国家气象局会“发布”恶劣天气报告，故选 D。
53．考查介词短语辨析。句意：如果这样的话，雷达捕捉到的风暴将产生强大的可读数的风、可探测的闪电和一些冰雹。A. By the way 顺便说；B. In that case 在那种情况下；如果这样的话；C. To some extent 在某种程度上；D. On the contrary 正相反。根据上文“If the storm is severe enough, then the National Weather Service (NWS) will 7 severe weather reports of
severe thunderstorm warnings for your area.”可知，雷达可以监测风暴情况，如果有严重的风暴，国家气象局就会发布严重风暴的天气报告，如果这样的话，这些报告会预测风暴将会引起怎样的风以及闪电，也就是通过雷达技术，会预测到风暴会产生的强风的风力和风速（就是 readable winds 可读数的风，也就是可测风力和风向的风)和闪电（就是 detectable lightning可检测的闪电）。故选 B。
54 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当恶劣天气来临时，注意天气图是至关重要的。A. vital重要的；B. reasonable 合理的；C. normal 正常的；D. available 可使用的，有空的。根据此句句意可知，此处表示，严重风暴来临时，注意天气图是至关重要的，这会让你清楚风暴的具体情况，进而做出合适的应对。故选 A。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在电视屏幕上，你会看到降水图上有几种颜色，从蓝色（最轻）到黑色（最重）。A. expanding 扩大，增加；B. spreading 展开，打开；C. ranging (在一定的范围内)变化，变动；D. extending 延伸。根据空前句意，你可以看到降水图上的几种颜色，以及空后“from blue (the lightest) to black (the heaviest)”可知，此处表示的是这些颜色的变化范围。故选 C。
56 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你所在的特定区域的颜色是黄色，请小心。A. proper合适的；B. specific 特定的；C. typical 典型的；D. regular 规则的，定期的。根据此句句意
可知，此处表示的是你所在的特定区域。故选 B。
57．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今年早些时候，当乔治亚州亚特兰大的当地天气雷达报告有强风、环形风和大冰雹时，国家气象局发布了龙卷风警报。A. straight 直的；B. unique独一无二的；C. general 普遍的，总的；D. circular 圆形的，环形的。根据下文“the National Weather Service issued a tornado 13 ”可知，气象局发布的龙卷风警报，既然是龙卷风，应该是环形风。故选 D。
58 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A. process 过程；B. threat 威胁；C. warning 警告；D. sign 指示牌；迹象。根据此句句意，雷达报告有强风、环形风和大冰雹时。由此可知，国家气象局应会根据这些迹象，发布龙卷风警告。故选 C。
59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：该地区的气象学家利用收集到的数据来预测风暴将经过的路径，指出哪些地区需要预警。A. indicating 表明，指出；B. recognizing 认出，识别；C. revealing揭示，显示；D. recommending 推荐。根据空前“Meteorologists in the area used the collected data to predict what path the storm would take”可知，该地区的气象学家预测风暴将经过的路径，
这样就可以指出哪些地区需要预警，故选 A。
60．考查名词词义辨析。句意：多亏了这项技术，大多数居民提前收到恶劣天气报告，以便在风暴来袭前找到避难所。A. rescue 营救；B. residence 住所；C. support 支持；D. shelter避难处，住处。根据句意可知，此处表示多亏了这项技术，大多数居民提前收到恶劣天气报告，这样就可以在风暴来袭之前找到“避难所” 。故选 D。
61 ．B 62 ．C 63 ．A 64 ．A
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了英国天才女孩 Esther Okade十岁上大学的故事。
61 ．细节理解题。根据第一段中“But what makes the British-Nigerian youngster stand out is the fact that she’s also a university student.(但让这位尼日利亚裔英裔女孩脱颖而出的是，她也是一名大学生)”以及第二段中“Esther, from Walsall, an industrial town in the UK’s West Midlands region, is one of the country’s youngest college freshmen. (Esther 来自英国西米德兰兹地区的工业小镇 Walsall ，是英国最年轻的大一新生之一)”可知，使 Okade变得不同的是她上大学的年纪要比别人早得多。故选 B 项。
62．细节理解题。根据第四段“And in case people think her parents have pushed her into starting university early, Esther disagrees. “I actually wanted to start when I was seven. But my mum
didn’t agree.” After three years of begging, Mother Efe finally agreed to explore the idea.(为了防止人们认为她的父母强迫她早早上大学，Esther 并不这么认为。“其实我 7 岁的时候就想开
始了。但是我妈妈不同意。”经过三年的恳求，埃菲妈妈终于同意了这个想法)”可知，Esther更早的时候就要求上大学了。故选 C 项。
63 ．推理判断题。根据最后一段“And Esther isn’t the only maths miracle in the family. Her
younger brother Isaiah, 6, will soon be sitting his first A-level exam in June.(Esther 也不是家里唯一的数学奇迹。她 6 岁的弟弟 Isaiah 即将在 6 月份参加他的第一次 A-level 考试)”可知，Esther的弟弟也是一个数学天才。由此推知，是基因让她成为一个数学天才的。故选 A 项。
64 ．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据第三段中 Esther 所说“I want to finish the course in two years. Then I’m going to do my PhD in financial maths when I’m 13. I want to have my own bank by the time I’m 15 because I like numbers and I like people and banking is a great way to help
people.(我想在两年内完成这门课程。然后我打算在 13 岁的时候攻读金融数学博士学位。我想在 15 岁的时候拥有自己的银行，因为我喜欢数字，我喜欢人，银行是帮助人们的好方
法)”可推知，Esther 是一个有理想，有着清晰目标的人。故选 A 项。
65 ．D 66 ．D 67 ．B
本文为一篇应用文，为一个沙漠冒险的探险指南和费用信息。
65 ．细节理解题。根据文章图片下第一段“With this tour, you’ll have half a day of adventure
activities in the desert.(参加这次旅行，您将有半天的时间在沙漠中进行冒险活动)”及第二段“You’ll start your tour by driving to a scenic spot on the top of a tall sand dune (沙丘) for a
chance to take photos of the area.(您将开车前往一个高沙丘顶部的景点来开始你的旅程，有机会在该地区拍照)”可知，在此活动中，参与者可以用相机捕捉令人惊叹的沙漠景观。故选 D。
66 ．细节理解题。根据文章 Select time 中 US$ 55 并结合最后一段“Tours starting after noon include a BBQ dinner with sweets and fruits, which costs an additional US$ 45/person only.(中午之后开始的旅游包括有糖果和水果的烧烤晚餐，每人只需额外支付 45 美元)”可知，下午 2点的旅程要每个人另外加 45 美元，即，一共需要花费（55+45）*4=400 美元。故选 D。
67．推理判断题。根据文章标题“Guided Desert Adventure(沙漠探险指南)”可知，这是一个探险活动，而非表演；根据文章图片下第二段“You’ll start your tour by driving to a scenic spot on the top of a tall sand dune (沙丘) for a chance to take photos of the area. On top of a sand dune,
you’ll have the chance to slide down the side by sandboarding. From here, you’ll get ready for
hitting some dunes in a four-wheel drive vehicle. Next, you’ll hop on a quad bike and have time to drive around the desert in the open air. Finally, you’ll have a camel ride around a small part of the
desert.(您将开车前往一个高沙丘顶部的景点，有机会在该地区拍照。在沙丘的顶端，您将有机会通过滑板滑下。从这里开始，你将准备好乘坐四轮驱动汽车去打一些沙丘。接下来，你将跳上一辆四轮摩托车，有时间在露天的沙漠里开车。最后，你将在沙漠的一小部分骑骆
驼)”可知，旅行工具里没有提到地铁；观察图片可知，这是网上订购的，并非需要提前到买票，因此，之前参加过的人可能会评论“这很有趣，我享受其中的每一分钟。”故选 B。
68 ．A 69 ．C 70 ．A 71 ．D
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了鬼屋景点帮助科学家了解恐惧对个体的心理影响，一项研究发现，在鬼屋景点里，身边有朋友可能会导致人更加紧张。另一项研究发现，当生理刺激“恰到好处”地平衡时，恐惧和快乐可以同时发生。
68 ．细节理解题。根据第二段中“These attractions turn out to be good places to study fear. They help scientists understand the body’s response to fright and how we perceive some situations as
enjoyably thrilling and others as truly terrible. (事实证明，这些景点是研究恐惧的好地方。它们帮助科学家了解身体对恐惧的反应，以及我们如何将某些情况视为令人愉快的刺激，而另一些情况则是真正可怕的)”可知，研究鬼屋景点帮助科学家了解恐惧对个体的心理影响。故选A 项。
69．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Psychologist and study co-author Sarah Tashjian, who is now at the University of Melbourne, and her team conducted their research with 156 adults, who each
wore a wireless wrist sensor during their visit. The sensor measured skin responses linked to the
body’s reactions to stress and other situations. (目前在墨尔本大学工作的心理学家、研究报告的合著者 Sarah Tashjian和她的团队对 156 名成年人进行了研究，在参观期间他们每人都戴上了无线手腕传感器。传感器测量皮肤对压力和其他情况的反应)”可知，Sarah Tashjian 和她的团队通过使用无线手腕传感器对鬼屋体验进行了研究。故选 C 项。
70 ．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Being with friends, Tashjian and her colleagues further found, increased physiological arousal during the experience, which was linked to stronger feelings of
fright. (Tashjian 和她的同事进一步发现，与朋友在一起时，生理上的刺激水平会增加，这与更强烈的恐惧感有关)”可知，Tashjian 和她的同事发现和朋友在一起会提高生理刺激水平。故选 A 项。
71 ．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The results suggest that fear and enjoyment can happen
together when physiological arousal is balanced “just right” . (结果表明，当生理刺激“恰到好处”地平衡时，恐惧和快乐可以同时发生)”可知，这项 2020 年的研究表明恐惧和快乐在一定条
件下可以共存。故选 D 项。
(
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.
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)72 B 73 A 74 D 75 C
文章主要介绍了美国常见的复合维生素功效尚无定论，一项新研究发现它或可延缓生物衰老，但多位专家指出研究存在局限，呼吁谨慎看待该结论。
72 ．上文“Multivitamins (复合维生素) are the most common dietary supplement in the U.S.
People take these pills for a variety of health reasons, but the science on what multivitamins may
do for your health is mixed, and none of them are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug
Administration. (复合维生素是美国最常见的膳食补充剂。人们服用这些药片是为了各种健康原因，但关于复合维生素对健康可能产生的作用的科学研究结果并不一致，而且它们均未获得美国食品药品监督管理局的批准。)”铺垫“复合维生素功效缺乏统一科学定论，也未获官方批准” 的负面背景，后文“In a randomized clinical trial involving 958 adults aged 60 or older (在一项涉及 958 名 60 岁及以上成年人的随机临床试验中)”直接展开一项关于复合维生素的新临床试验。B 选项“But interestingly, a new study suggests that taking a daily multivitamin could slow biological aging. (但有趣的是，一项新的研究表明，每天服用复合维生素可能会减缓生物衰老。)” 以 But转折，精准引出“每日服用复合维生素或可减缓生物衰老” 的核心研究结论，完美衔接背景与下文实验内容。
73 ．下文“While the researchers saw an effect with two epigenetic clocks called PCPhenoAge and PCGrimAge, three other epigenetic clocks included in the study showed no statistically significant change to their speed. (虽然研究人员在名为 PCPhenoAge 和 PCGrimAge 的两个表观遗传时钟上看到了效果，但研究中包含的另外三个表观遗传时钟在速度上并未显示出统计学上的显著变化。)”讲的是仅两项衰老指标有改善，其余三项均无明显变化，说明研究结果存在局限。A 选项“Experts who were not involved in the new study urged caution. (未参与此次新研究的专家们呼吁谨慎对待。)”作为

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