资源简介

(共17张PPT)
UNIT 2　Improving yourself
(单元主题语境：人与自我——完善自我、提升自我)
Section Ⅱ　Using language
过去完成时的被动语态
[观察]
1．At the start of the detox，over 100 students had been persuaded to stop using social media，in ANY form，for seven days.
2．They had been promised money by family and friends for each day spent without using social media.
3．I bet you're as eager as I am to find out just how many have been motivated enough to last the full seven days!
4．And what，if anything，has been learnt from the experience
5．But on reflection，I can see how much of my time had been occupied with checking my phone.
6．On Monday，my classmate and I spoke about what we did at the weekend—it felt really strange not to already know what he had done.
7．It made me realise the value of real contact that I had forgotten.
8．After reading the posts on this forum，it seems that something other than money has also been raised through the detox.
[探究]
1．句1、2、5是过去完成时的______语态，其构成为_____________。
2．句3、4、8是_______________的______语态，其构成为have/has been done。
3．句 6、7是_______________的主动语态，其构成为________。
被动
had been done
现在完成时
被动
过去完成时
had done
一、概述
过去完成时的被动语态表示动作在过去某一个时间或某一个动作之前已经发生或完成，且主语与谓语动词之间存在被动关系。
[感知]
1．By the time the teacher came in，the first experiment had been done.
老师进来的时候，第一个实验已经完成了。
2．The classroom hadn't been cleaned before the teacher came.
老师来之前教室还没有打扫。
3．Had the new plan been discussed before the meeting started
在会议开始前讨论过这个新计划吗？
4．Why had he not been called till he was up
为什么他起床后才接到电话？
[归纳]
过去完成时的被动语态的基本构成
1．肯定结构：主语＋_____________＋其他成分．
2．否定结构：主语＋_________________＋其他成分．
3．疑问句结构：
Had＋主语＋_________＋其他成分？
疑问词＋___＋主语＋_________＋其他成分？
had been done
had not been done
been done
had
been done
[即练]
用被动语态改写下列句子
1．Jerry had received the check just in time.
____________________________________________________
2．Had he not painted the picture before his father came
________________________________________________________
3．The cat had chased the bird before it flew out of the yard.
__________________________________________________________
The check had been received by Jerry just in time.
Had the picture not been painted by him before his father came
The bird had been chased by the cat before it flew out of the yard.
二、基本用法
[感知]
1．He said that the books had already been sold out.
他说书已经卖完了。
2．The newspaper reported more than 100 people had been killed in the hurricane.
报纸报道说有一百多人在飓风中丧生。
3．By the time she was 13，my sister had been sent to America.
我姐姐13岁时就被送到美国了。
4．It was the first time that I had been criticized in public.
那是我第一次在公众面前受到批评。
5．If I had been invited earlier，I would have gone with you.
如果早点受到邀请，我会和你一起去的。
[归纳]
1．用在told、said、knew、thought、reported等动词后的宾语从句中，表示宾语从句中的动作已经完成(如句1、2)。
2．当before、when、by the time、until等引导的时间状语从句的时态是一般过去时，以及by、before后接过去的时间时，主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前或过去的时间之前且表示被动时，要用过去完成时的被动语态(如句3)。
3．在“It was the first/second/ ...time that ...”从句中，主语是动作的承受者时，要用过去完成时的被动语态(如句4)。
4．在虚拟语气中，条件句表示与过去的事实相反，且主语是动作的承受者时，要用过去完成时的被动语态(如句5)。
[即练]
单句填空/完成句子
1．By the end of last year，10，000 trees ________________(plant) in that village.
2．His village ________________(flood) in the heavy rain，so he moved to his parents' house.
3．Martin felt that cold water _______________(throw) on his plans after everyone laughed at his intentions.
had been planted
had been flooded
had been thrown
4．When Li Ming hurried home，he found that his mother ___________ (send) to hospital.
5．他们说生产成本已经降低了。
They said the production costs ________________________．
6．这是他第二次弄丢手机了。
It was the second time that his cellphone _____________．
had been sent
had already been reduced
had been lost
用所给动词的适当形式填空
Liu Yu 1.__________(work) in a big company in Beijing now and he 2._________(graduate) from Cambridge University.He 3.________________ (offer) a chance to work in an international company in the UK before he graduated.What's more，he 4._________________(admit) to the University of Oxford for further education，which made him overjoyed.However，when he heard of the news that what he learned 5._________(need) badly at homeland，he made up his mind to come back to do his part.His professor felt
is working
graduated
had been offered
had been admitted
is needed
sorry for him because great achievements 6.________________(make) in his field even before he was in his third year at university.The professor tried his best to persuade him to stay there but 7.___________(refuse).And now he 8.________(be) back for four years and a great breakthrough 9.____________ (make) so far and he 10.__________(become) a leading scholar in his field.
had been made
was refused
has been
has been made
has become

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