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试卷类型：B 2026 年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（二）
英 语
本试卷共 10 页，满分 120 分。考试用时 120 分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用 2B 铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。并在答题卡相应位置上 填涂考生号。因笔试不考听力，试卷从第二部分开始，试题序号从”21”开始。
2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Maya (玛雅人) were good at math. They counted in groups of 20, not 10. They wrote numbers in columns going up. The bottom row was the “1s” column, the next row up was 20s,
then 400s, and so on. For digits, they used a dot for 1, a line for 5, and a shell shape to show zero. Numbers 1 to 19 were written with a combination of lines and dots.
The number 1209 (three 400s + no 20s + nine 1s) would look like this: A Maya village might keep a record of the pumpkins they harvested like this:
The Maya also kept three different calendars. The first divided the year into 18 months of
20 days each, plus a short month of 5 days. The short month was believed to be unlucky, a time when spirits walked.
The second calendar repeated every 260 days. This was used to plan celebrations and
predict future. This calendar counted 13 months of 20 days each. Each date had its own set of 3 symbols (day, month, and year).
When talking about events long ago, they used a calendar called the “long count.” This covered about 5,125 years. Year 1 on this calendar was 3114 BCE on our calendar.
Each city and village had a calendar keeper, who was in charge of saying when to celebrate holidays and when to expect rain or plant crops. But farmers could probably also tell the time of the year from the sun and stars.
1 ．How many pumpkins did the Maya village harvest according to Figure 3
A ．114. B ．409. C ．414. D ．439.
2 ．What could the “long count” calendar be used for
A ．Marking the unlucky days. B ．Recording ancient events.
C ．Dividing the year into 18 months. D ．Predicting and making future plans.
3 ．Which learning project would this text be most suitable for
A ．Design a travel plan to the Maya ruins
B ．Write a report on the Maya agriculture
C ．Give a presentation on Maya artistic symbols
D ．Make a poster of Maya scientific achievements
B
When Mia Woods retired at 61, she knew she needed a plan. “I was worried about losing my identity as a professional. What else can I be ” she thought.
The year before, she had been told she had a mild memory problem. “I was trying to show myself that I could still think and be creative,” she says. So she decided to do — rather than be — something new: bake a pie every day for a year and give each pie away. “It made me reach out
every day to somebody, so I wouldn’t be alone. And it gave me a routine,” she says.
She baked her first pie and gave it to her 88-year-old aunt, Carol. As a teenager, Mia had
moved in with her aunt’s family when her mother became ill. “They gave me stability... It was the perfect first pie,” she says. She went on giving pies to former colleagues, grocery clerks, even a
homeless man. As word spread, she got known as “the pie lady”.
For more than 30 years, Mia had worked as a city planner. “I’m a planner by nature,
training and profession. What I really liked about it was that planning takes time, chaos, many
different components, puts them all together and makes them into something manageable.” She
sees the same in baking pies: “You take a bunch of ingredients and create something out of them.”
Twelve years on, Mia has continued to invent new projects, including writing a letter a day, and painting pictures of her local sky. She is writing a book about the pie experience. But she has learned more than baking. “What really came out ofit was the understanding that I was someone who could do new things,” she reflects. “And my professional identity wasn’t critical to who I
am.”
“Even now, after I have an encounter with somebody, I think: ‘There’s a person I wish I could give a pie to.’” says Mia.
4 ．What was Mia’s worry when she retired
A ．Her serious mental problem. B ．Her being cut off from others.
C ．Having no identity beyond career. D ．Having to change her daily routine.
5 ．Why did Mia give her first pie to her aunt
A ．She had given Mia a home.
B ．She had cared for Mia’s mum.
C ．She was the oldest in the family.
D ．She had built Mia’s stable character.
6 ．What do city planning and baking pies have in common according to Mia
A ．Both require professional training. B ．Both make sense of mixed elements.
C ．Both create something out of nothing. D ．Both connect people with one another.
7 ．What is Mia’s reflection on her experience
A ．Everyone in the world deserves a pie.
B ．New challenges redefine who we are.
C ．Opening up to changes takes courage.
D ．Simple acts can bring people together.
C
People might not realize that one basic life necessity has slipped from their control: meals. With the rise of online platforms, people enjoy the freedom to get anything quickly and at a
reasonable price. However, food writer Chen Yuhui argues in her book Who Decides What to Eat that this convenience has robbed people of their autonomy over food, reflecting a greater loss of community life in a result-driven society that prioritizes efficiency.
“Many people don’t realize how often their dining choices are made for them,” Chen says. For instance, a boss’s request for overtime changes their dinner plans; or a restaurant discount
offer influences where they eat. These, she explains, are passive choices.
Chen cites another common complaint: tomatoes that taste plain compared to childhood
memories. This reveals a deeper loss — commercially dominant, hard-skinned varieties are “more fitting for long-distance transportation,” sacrificing flavor and the community life once built
around fresh markets.
Chen also worries about the decline of people’s ability to choose food wisely. Young
people buy ingredients online without market experience and may think plain food is just how it’s supposed to be. Chen further notes that online food images are “zombie-like” — they show
lifeless food, unlike the fresh produce in markets, and this limits people’s imagination about food. However, when she shares tips on selecting fresh produce in markets, she often gets requests for shopping links instead.
Chen connects these attitudes to a broader mindset: “Buying groceries and cooking involve a certain level of acceptance of mistakes. Yet many today seem to have little patience with them.” The focus on results makes delivery appealing, as people believe it guarantees a better outcome.
Beyond the loss of autonomy, Chen sees something deeper in food — it’s a microcosm for understanding the world. “If you love tomatoes but find them plain, do you complain or invest
effort to find flavorful ones Searching for the right variety shows different problem-solving
abilities, which is what I mean by food being the smallest unit for understanding the world,” she concludes.
8 ．What does the first paragraph mainly introduce
A ．Advances in food technology. B ．The hidden cost of food convenience.
C ．Changing habits of dining out. D ．The popularity of online food shopping.
9 ．What does Chen mean by describing online food images as “zombie-like”
A ．They look too perfect to be real.
B ．They discourage interest in cooking.
C ．They push people to order takeout.
D ．They fail to show real and lively food.
10 ．What does people’s preference for delivery reveal
A ．Their desire to avoid uncertainty.
B ．Their over-reliance on technology.
C ．Their view of cooking as a burden.
D ．Their separation from food sources.
11 ．What message does the text want to convey
A ．Returning to markets can restore food autonomy.
B ．The loss of food flavor is unavoidable nowadays.
C ．Online platforms have changed people’s lifestyle.
D ．Our relationship with food mirrors our world view.
D
Chinese scientists have developed a new refrigeration method that solves a long-standing
challenge in cooling technology. Published in Nature, the study responds to rising energy demands in applications ranging from food preservation to data center cooling.
Traditional vapor-compression systems consume vast amounts of electricity and rely on
harmful refrigerants. In China, refrigeration accounts for nearly 20% of the nation’s electricity use
and 7.8% of its carbon emissions (碳排放). While solid-state cooling avoids harmful gases, it suffers from poor heat transfer, limiting its real-world application.
Led by Professor Li Bing from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the research team
overcame this by combining solid cooling effects with liquid flow. They used a common,
non-toxic salt whose dissolution (溶解) in water absorbs large amounts of heat. Conversely, applying pressure causes the salt to come out and release heat. Cycling this pressure achieves continuous cooling.
“Unlike traditional solid methods, where heat moves slowly, our system integrates the
refrigerant and heat-transfer medium into a single liquid,” Li said. “This solves the ‘impossible triangle’ — achieving low pollution, strong cooling, and fast heat transfer all at once.”
Lab tests showed a temperature drop of nearly 30°C in just 20 seconds at room temperature, and up to 54°C at higher temperatures — significantly outperforming existing solid coolers. A
prototype cycle achieved a cooling capacity of 67 joules per gram with nearly 77% efficiency. The system also proved stable, reversible, and instantly responsive to pressure changes.
“This technology moves beyond traditional refrigeration principles,” Li added. “By turning the coolant into a fluid, it opens the door to high-performance, zero-emission cooling for homes
and industry.”
He noted the method’s strong high-temperature performance makes it an ideal candidate for heat management in next-generation AI computing facilities. While engineering challenges
remain, especially in achieving rapidly switchable pressure cycles, the principle could be adapted to other materials for diverse cooling needs.
12 ．What is the main problem with traditional solid-state cooling systems
A ．They transfer heat poorly. B ．They produce harmful gases.
C ．They fail at high temperature. D ．They use too much electricity.
13 ．What is the key innovation of the new cooling method
A ．Using salt instead of chemical refrigerants.
B ．Increasing pressure inside traditional systems.
C ．Replacing pressure cycles with continuous flow.
D ．Combining solid cooling with liquid heat transfer.
14 ．Why does the author mention the “impossible triangle” in the text
A ．To highlight the value of the new system.
B ．To illustrate the design of the new system.
C ．To explain why old systems are still in use.
D ．To show the limitations of previous systems.
15 ．What does Li Bing see as a promising application of the new technology
A ．Preserving food in supply chains. B ．Replacing traditional home refrigerators.
C．Cooling future AI data centers. D．Achieving rapidly switchable pressure cycles.
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Confidence is infectious. Someone who speaks with total certainty is more likely to inspire than someone who is hesitant. 16 It found that more confident letters were associated
with more successful commercial co-operations.
Confidence — even overconfidence — can also lead to higher status. In a 2012 study,
MBA students were asked to take an online survey. The questionnaire asked them if they knew certain names, events and works of art. 17 At the end of the term, classmates rated the overly confident students — those who had picked the most fictional entries — as the most
influential.
18 One study found that overconfident bosses were more likely to buy other companies. These purchases were also more likely to fail. Another paper looked at the link
between CEOs’ confidence and their earning forecasts. Researchers found that bosses with too much self-belief were slower to adjust their forecasts when they were wrong. 19
This leads to two broad suggestions for managers to reflect on. First, overconfident people need clear rules. A newspaper found that puffed-up bosses at high-tech firms had a better record
of making breakthrough innovations if they were watched by powerful and expert boards. Second, self-doubters need encouragement to fulfil their potential. 20 Studies showed that when people were reminded of their own power, they performed better in interviews and presentations. Confidence can be natural. It can also be stimulated.
A ．They didn’t know that some of the choices were made up.
B ．A study analysed the language used in letters from investors.
C ．Simply put, overconfident bosses stayed wrong for a longer time.
D ．Overconfident people tend to be promoted to leadership positions.
E ．As much as confidence brings rewards, however, it also brings danger.
F ．Therefore, experts suggest creating a more relaxing work environment.
G ．This support can come from managers, advisors, or even from themselves.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Despite my successful career, performance anxiety has been my constant companion. It first
struck during an exam at university. For thirty minutes, my mind went completely blank, unable to a single word from the paper. Although I recovered and achieved a decent result, the regret remained: what if I hadn’t
Years later, as a professional, I frequently gave . Usually, a few deep breaths would calm my nerves. However, one day, while heading to address students on how to improve learning efficiency, I the subway exit. The mistake me precious time, and I rushed into the hall just five minutes before the start.
Seeing the audience already , I felt a wave of terror washing over me. This time, the breathing technique . When I finally began to speak, my voice shook uncontrollably. In that moment, I made a sudden decision. I admitted my fear to the students.
Immediately, their eyes filled with instead of judgment.
For the next ten minutes, I shared my story, explaining that everyone has weaknesses that may never be fully . I told them that no one is perfect, but ourselves can make us better. The two-hour session ended with unexpected warmth. Later, a friend mentioned how
the students were to try the methods I shared. I explained that the success lay in my interaction. Sometimes, what truly touches hearts is not a perfect speech, but the
to share our real selves.
21 ．A ．take in B ．bring up C ．look for D ．send out
22 ．A ．actually B ．eventually C ．quickly D ．suddenly
23 ．A ．passed B ．recovered C ．panicked D ．finished
24 ．A ．advice B ．feedback C ．lectures D ．performances
25 ．A ．forgot B ．found C ．changed D ．misjudged
26 ．A ．cost B ．won C ．bought D ．spared
27 ．A ．bored B ．seated C ．chatting D ．leaving
28 ．A ．helped B ．mattered C ．responded D ．failed
29 ．A ．surprising B ．desperate C ．magical D ．unforgettable
30 ．A ．anger B ．doubt C ．curiosity D ．sympathy
31 ．A ．overcome B ．forgiven C ．understood D ．neglected
32 ．A ．behaving B ．describing C ．accepting D ．loving
33 ．A ．eager B ．hesitant C ．proud D ．confused
34 ．A ．meaningful B ．inspiring C ．casual D ．honest
35 ．A ．motivation B ．courage C ．technique D ．determination
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Every spring, the 356-year-old kapok tree (木棉树) in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall flowers, capturing the hearts of locals. Known as 36 “Kapok King,” it is a miracle of nature, as
these trees rarely survive 37 a century in the wild. Its long life is due to the constant care and attention from an expert team.
Led by Wang Yongyue, the team employs advanced technologies 38 (monitor) the tree’s health. They use CT scans to map roots up to seven or eight meters deep. “We also strike
nails in the wood to create sound waves,” Wang explains. “If the wood 39 (be) hollow or decayed (腐烂的) inside, the speed of the sound changes. This helps us strengthen the tree
40 it’s too late.”
Since 2009, Wang has overseen quarterly check-ups, with a critical focus on managing
harmful insects. Rather than relying on strong ____41____ (chemical), the team practices
biological control. Bi Keke, a lab expert, describes releasing 42 (nature) enemies to hunt them. “It is a story of one 43 (beat) another in nature,” he notes, highlighting how this
approach maintains 44 (ecology) balance.
To the citizens of Guangzhou, this tree is more than a plant; it is a beloved family member 45 well-being connects the city’s past and future.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（满分 15 分）
46 ．假定你是李华。你的外国笔友 Mark 在邮件中说，学校摄影比赛中有幅作品因使用 AI技术生成而被取消参评资格。请你回复邮件谈谈你对这一事件的看法及理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为 80 个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mark,
Thanks for sharing the disqualified photo case with me.
Best wishes,
Li Hua
第二节（满分 25 分）
47 ．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last summer, we moved into a beautiful house where sunlight flooded the kitchen every
morning. The only downside was the backyard: behind tall, messy bushes lay an old pond, dry and smelly. “Let’s bring it back to life!” I suggested. My parents smiled and agreed.
It became our family’s summer project. We cleaned out the mud and lined the edge with pretty stones. At the garden shop, I chose cattails and water lilies. “They float like little umbrellas,”
Mum said. “Yes,” I replied proudly, “and they keep the water cool and clean.” Then came the best part: two tiny goldfish — Spotty and Sparkly.
I also asked about a pond heater. I’d read that if the pond froze solid in winter, the fish would run out of oxygen. They needed a small hole in the ice to breathe, which a heater could keep open.
But they were sold out. As we left, I noticed a poster listing clever ideas to prevent ice from
sealing (封住) the pond — for example, keeping the water moving, since flowing water doesn’t freeze easily. I thought we’d get a heater long before winter, so I didn’t think much of them.
Soon, baby fish appeared! Frogs and butterflies often visited too. Our pond felt like a living ecosystem.
Then one evening, the weather report warned of an early freeze — colder and sooner than
usual. My stomach dropped. We still didn’t have a heater! Dad immediately ordered one online. “It’ll arrive before the ice forms,” he promised.
Early the next morning, I woke to a world covered in white. I threw on my coat and ran to the pond. It was frozen with clear ice — no open water! Yet I could still see the fish moving slowly beneath.
I rushed back inside. Dad had already called the delivery company, but they said it wouldn’t
arrive today because of the icy roads. “The fish can only last half a day without fresh air!” I cried.
“Let’s think of something now,” Mum said.
注意：
1 ．续写词数应为 150 个左右；
2 ．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
So we started brainstorming ideas together.
_______________________________________________________________________________
By nine o’clock, we had built a simple device to keep a hole open in the ice.
_______________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
1 ．C 2 ．B 3 ．D
文章主要介绍了玛雅人在数学和历法方面的成就，包括其二十进制计数系统、数字符号的表示方式以及三种不同用途的日历。
1 ．细节理解题。根据玛雅计数规则，数字按从下到上的“1s 、20s 、400s”三列书写。最下方 1s 列：有 4 条线（每条代表 5）和 4 个点（每个代表 1），计算：4×5+4×1=24；中间 20s 列：是贝壳符号（代表 0），即 0×20=0；最上方 400s 列：有 1 个点（代表 1），即 1×400=400。
将三列数值相加：400+0+14=414。
2．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“When talking about events long ago, they used a calendar called the ‘long count.’(在谈论很久以前的事情时，他们使用了一种叫做“长计数” 的历法。)”可知，长计历是用于谈论很久以前发生的事件，即记录古代历史事件。
3．推理判断题。文章通篇讲述玛雅人的二十进制数学系统、数字符号写法以及三种日历（科学历法），这都属于古代文明的科学成就范畴。因此该文本最适合用于制作关于“玛雅科学成就” 的海报。
4 ．C 5 ．A 6 ．B 7 ．B
文章主要讲述了退休城市规划师米娅·伍兹为应对退休后可能失去职业身份认同的焦虑，通过每天烤一个派并送给他人这一日常行动，重新认识自我价值、建立生活秩序并延续创造力的故事。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段““I was worried about losing my identity as a professional. What else can I be ” she thought. (“我担心自己作为专业人士的身份会丧失。那我还能做些什么呢？”她这样想。)”可知，她退休时的担忧是失去职业身份，害怕除了职业身份之外自己不知还能成为什么样的人。选项 C“Having no identity beyond career (除了职业之外没有其他身份认同)”与此直接对应。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段“She baked her first pie and gave it to her 88-year-old aunt, Carol. As a teenager, Mia had moved in with her aunt’s family when her mother became ill. “They gave me stability... It was the perfect first pie,” she says. She went on giving pies to former colleagues,
grocery clerks, even a homeless man. As word spread, she got known as “the pie lady”. (她做了第一个馅饼，并送给了她 88 岁的姑妈卡罗尔。在十几岁的时候，米娅曾因母亲生病而搬到了姑妈家。那时的姑妈家给了她一种稳定的环境 把第一个馅饼送给姑妈是最合适的选择。
她继续把馅饼送给以前的同事、杂货店店员，甚至一个无家可归的人。随着消息的传播，她被称为“馅饼女士”。)”可知，米娅年少时因母亲生病而搬去与姨妈一家同住，姨妈家为她提
供了稳定的家庭环境。她把第一个派送给姨妈，是因为姨妈曾给予她一个家、一份依靠，这符合选项 A“She had given Mia a home (她曾给米娅一个家)”的表述。
6．推理判断题。根据第四段““I’m a planner by nature, training and profession. What I really liked about it was that planning takes time, chaos, many different components, puts them all together
and makes them into something manageable.” She sees the same in baking pies: “You take a
bunch of ingredients and create something out of them.”( “我天生就是个规划师，这是我的训练和职业。我真正喜欢的是规划工作，规划需要时间，它要把混乱和众多不同的要素整合起来，使之变得井然有序。”她在烘焙馅饼时也发现了同样的道理：“你将各种食材混合在一起，就能创造出新的成果。”)”可知，通过米娅的类比，两者的共同之处在于都是将纷繁杂乱的不 同元素组合成有序、有意义的整体，即选项 B“Both make sense of mixed elements (两者都让混合的元素变得有条理) ”。
7 ．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““What really came out ofit was the understanding that I was someone who could do new things,” she reflects. “And my professional identity wasn’t critical to who I am.”(最重要的是，这件事让我明白自己能够尝试新事物，”她回忆道，“而且我的职业身份并不决定我的本质。”)”可知，她通过尝试新事物认识到自己有能力应对改变，并重新定义了自我价值，不局限于职业身份。这体现了选项 B“New challenges redefine who we are (新挑战重新定义了我们是谁)”的内涵。
8 ．B 9 ．D 10 ．A 11 ．D
文章主要讲的是食物作家陈玉慧认为在线订餐便利剥夺了人们的饮食自主权，并反映出效率优先的社会中社区生活的丧失，食物是理解世界的最小单位。
8 ．主旨大意题。根据第一段“People might not realize that one basic life necessity has slipped from their control: meals. With the rise of online platforms, people enjoy the freedom to get
anything quickly and at a reasonable price. However, food writer Chen Yuhui argues in her book Who Decides What to Eat that this convenience has robbed people of their autonomy over food,
reflecting a greater loss of community life in a result-driven society that prioritizes efficiency. (人们或许并未意识到，生活中的一项基本必需品已经脱离了他们的掌控：那就是食物。随着网络平台的兴起，人们能够以合理的价格迅速获得任何所需物品。然而，美食作家陈玉慧在其著作《谁来决定吃什么》中指出，这种便利性剥夺了人们对食物的自主选择权，反映出在一个注重效率、结果导向的社会中，社区生活出现了更大的缺失。)”可知，本段先指出人们未察觉饮食自主权丧失，随后引用陈玉慧观点，指出外卖平台便利背后隐藏的代价——剥夺了
人们的自主权，反映社会注重效率而牺牲社区生活。选项 B“食物便利的隐性代价”准确概括此意。
9．词句猜测题。根据第四段“they show lifeless food, unlike the fresh produce in markets, and this limits people’s imagination about food. (它们展示的是毫无生机的食物，不像市场上的新鲜农产品那样有活力，这限制了人们对食物的想象。)”可知，这些图片展示的是没有生气的食物，与市场上鲜活的农产品形成对比。D 项“它们未能展现真实而鲜活的食物”与此一致。
10 ．推理判断题。文中倒数第二段“Buying groceries and cooking involve a certain level of
acceptance of mistakes. Yet many today seem to have little patience with them. (购买食品和烹饪涉及一定程度的对错误的接受。然而，如今很多人似乎对这些不太有耐心。)”可知，买菜做饭需接受一定犯错可能性，但人们缺乏耐心，注重结果导向使得外卖更受欢迎，因其看似保证更好结果。这反映出人们渴望避免不确定性。A 项“他们避免不确定性的愿望”符合文意。
11 ．推理判断题。文章最后一段“Beyond the loss of autonomy, Chen sees something deeper in food — it’s a microcosm for understanding the world. “If you love tomatoes but find them plain,
do you complain or invest effort to find flavorful ones Searching for the right variety shows
different problem-solving abilities, which is what I mean by food being the smallest unit for
understanding the world,” she concludes. (除了失去自主权之外，陈还从食物中看到了更深层次的东西——它是一个理解世界的缩影。“如果你喜欢西红柿但觉得它们味道平淡，你会抱怨还是会努力去寻找味道更好的品种呢？寻找合适的品种体现了不同的解决问题的能力，这就是我所说的食物是理解世界最小的单位的原因。”她总结道。)”可知，食物是理解世界的微小单位，人与食物的关系反映了世界观。D 项“我们与食物的关系映射我们的世界观”准确传达此信息。
12 ．A 13 ．D 14 ．A 15 ．C
文章主要讲的是中国科学家开发出一种结合固体冷却效应与液体流动的新型制冷方法，解决了传统固态制冷技术传热效率低的核心难题，实现了低污染、强冷却和快速传热的平衡，并在实验室测试中展现出显著的温降性能与高能效比。
12．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“While solid-state cooling avoids harmful gases, it suffers from poor heat transfer, limiting its real-world application. (虽然固态冷却避免了有害气体的排放，但其传热效果不佳，限制了其在实际应用中的推广。)”可知，传统固态冷却系统的主要问题是它们散热效果不佳。
13 ．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Led by Professor Li Bing from the Chinese Academy of
Sciences, the research team overcame this by combining solid cooling effects with liquid flow. (由中国科学院的李兵教授领导的研究团队通过将固态冷却效果与液体流动相结合克服了这一难题。)”和第四段““Unlike traditional solid methods, where heat moves slowly, our system
integrates the refrigerant and heat-transfer medium into a single liquid,” Li said. (李教授表示：“与传统的固态方法不同，我们的系统将制冷剂和传热介质整合到了一种单一的液体中，这样热量的传递就变得迅速得多。”)”可知，创新在于将固态冷却效应与液态传热结合。
14 ．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“This solves the ‘impossible triangle’ — achieving low
pollution, strong cooling, and fast heat transfer all at once. (这解决了‘不可能的三角形’问题
——同时实现低污染、强冷却和快速散热。)”可知，此处引用这一概念是为了凸显新系统同时兼顾了以往技术难以兼得的三个优势，从而突出其创新价值与突破性。
15 ．推理判断题。根据最后一段“He noted the method’s strong high-temperature performance makes it an ideal candidate for heat management in next-generation AI computing facilities. (他指出，该方法在高温方面的出色表现使其成为下一代人工智能计算设施中热管理的理想选
择。)”可知，这项新技术可以冷却未来的人工智能数据中心。
16 ．B 17 ．A 18 ．E 19 ．C 20 ．G
文章主要探讨了自信的感染力与优势，同时指出过度自信带来的决策风险，并就管理者如何对待过度自信者和自我怀疑者提出了建议。
16 ．空前“Confidence is infectious. Someone who speaks with total certainty is more likely to
inspire than someone who is hesitant. (自信是能够感染他人的特质。一个完全自信的人比一个犹豫不决的人更能激发他人。)”说自信具有感染力，肯定确信的人比犹豫的人更能鼓舞他人。空后出现“It found that more confident letters were associated with more successful commercial
co-operations. (该研究发现，更自信的信件往往能促成更成功的商业合作。)” ，其中 It found表明前文应提到某项研究，且研究内容涉及 letters。选项 B“A study analysed the language used in letters from investors. (一项研究分析了投资者信件中使用的语言。)”恰好引入一项分析投资者信件语言的研究，与后文 more confident letters 完美衔接。
17 ．空前“In a 2012 study, MBA students were asked to take an online survey. The questionnaire asked them if they knew certain names, events and works of art. (在 2012 年的一项研究中，商学院的学生们被要求完成一项在线调查。问卷询问他们是否知晓某些名字、事件和艺术作品。)”描述 2012 年研究中的问卷让 MBA 学生识别一些名字、事件和艺术品。空后“At the end of the term, classmates rated the overly confident students — those who had picked the most
fictional entries — as the most influential. (学期结束时，同学们认为那些过于自信的学生——那些选出最多虚构条目的人——是最有影响力的。)”说学期末同学们将那些选了最多虚构条目的人评为最有影响力。由此可推，学生答题时并不知道部分选项是虚构的，选项 A“They didn’t know that some of the choices were made up. (他们不知道其中的一些选择是虚构的。)”中的 They 指代前文的 MBA 学生，made up 与后文 fictional entries 呼应，逻辑通顺。
18．前两段讲自信（甚至过度自信）带来的积极影响，如更高地位。本段开头空白后“One study found that overconfident bosses were more likely to buy other companies. These purchases were
also more likely to fail. (一项研究发现，过度自信的老板更有可能收购其他公司。这些收购也更有可能失败。)”说研究发现过度自信的老板更可能收购其他公司，但这些收购更易失败。此处语义发生转折，从讲好处转向讲风险。选项 E“As much as confidence brings rewards,
however, it also brings danger. (然而，尽管自信会带来回报，但它也带来危险。)”中的 however体现转折，brings danger 引出后文过度自信的负面后果，承上启下功能明确。
19 ．空前“Researchers found that bosses with too much self-belief were slower to adjust their
forecasts when they were wrong. (研究人员发现，过于自信的老板在预测出现错误时调整预测的速度更慢。)”说研究人员发现过度自信的 CEO 在预测出错时调整预测更慢。空白处位于段末，需对该研究发现进行总结或评述。选项“Simply put, overconfident bosses stayed wrong for a longer time. (简单来说，过度自信的老板会在错误上停留更长时间。)”C 用 Simply put 引出对前文内容的通俗概括，stayed wrong for a longer time 正是 slower to adjust their forecasts
when they were wrong 的同义转述。
20 ．空前“Second, self-doubters need encouragement to fulfil their potential. (其次， 自我怀疑者需要鼓励来充分发挥他们的潜力。)”给出第二条建议：自我怀疑者需要鼓励以发挥潜能。空后“Studies showed that when people were reminded of their own power, they performed better in interviews and presentations. Confidence can be natural. It can also be stimulated. (有研究表明，
当人们被提醒自己的力量时，他们在面试和演示中的表现会更好。 自信可以是自然而然的。它也可以被激发。)”举例说当人们被提醒自身力量时，在面试和演讲中表现更好。可见空白处需衔接“鼓励” 的来源或方式。选项 G“This support can come from managers, advisors, or even from themselves. (这种支持可以来自经理、顾问，甚至来自他们自己。)” 中的 This support 回指前文的 encouragement ，并具体说明鼓励可来自谁，且 even from themselves 自然引出后文 reminded of their own power。
21 ．A 22 ．B 23 ．C 24 ．C 25 ．D 26 ．A 27 ．B 28 ．D
29 ．B 30 ．D 31 ．A 32 ．C 33 ．A 34 ．D 35 ．B
文章主要讲述了作者从大学考试时因紧张大脑空白无法理解试卷文字，到职业生涯中一次演讲因紧张失误后选择坦诚分享自身弱点，最终赢得听众共鸣与尊重的经历，揭示了接纳不完美、真诚面对自我的力量。
21．考查动词短语。句意：整整三十分钟里，我的大脑一片空白，根本无法从试卷上读取一个字。A. take in 吸收、理解；B. bring up 提出、抚养、使想起；C. look for 寻找；D. send out发送、发出。根据前文“my mind went completely blank,”及后文“from the paper.”可知，此处描述作者面对试卷上的文字却无法理解其含义，信息输入环节出现障碍。take in 有“理解、领会”之意，couldn’t take in a single word 为地道表达，意为“一个字也看不进去”。
22．考查副词。句意：尽管最终我恢复了过来，并取得了不错的成绩，但那种遗憾依然存在：要是我当时没有惊慌失措会怎样呢？A. actually 实际上；B. eventually 最终；C. quickly 快速地；D. suddenly 突然地。前文“For thirty minutes, my mind went completely blank,”提到作者考试时前 30 分钟大脑空白无法理解试卷，后文“recovered and achieved a decent result”说恢复状态并取得不错成绩，这需要一个过程，强调经过一段时间后“最终”恢复，eventually 符合时间逻辑。
23．考查动词。句意：尽管最终我恢复了过来，并取得了不错的成绩，但那种遗憾依然存在：要是我当时没有惊慌失措会怎样呢？A. passed 通过；B. recovered 恢复；C. panicked 惊慌失措；D. finished 完成。第一段“Despite my successful career, performance anxiety has been my constant companion.”描述作者在考场上大脑空白的状态正是表现焦虑发作的表现，此处表达作者事后的遗憾：如果当时我没有惊慌失措该多好。
24 ．考查名词。句意：多年以后，作为一名专业人士，我经常进行演讲。A. advice 建议；
B. feedback 反馈；C. lectures 讲座、演讲；D. performances 表演、演出。根据后文“However, one day, while heading to address students on how to improve learning efficiency,”可知，作者作为专业人士经常进行演讲或讲座。
25．考查动词。句意：然而，有一天，在前往给学生们讲解如何提高学习效率的路上，我误判了地铁出口的位置。A. forgot 忘记；B. found 找到；C. changed 改变；D. misjudged 误判、判断错误。根据后文“rushed into the hall just five minutes before the start”可知，作者开场前五分钟才冲进大厅，结合语境应是在地铁出口处判断错了方向或位置，导致耽误时间。
26．考查动词。句意：这个错误让我浪费了宝贵的时间，我在开始演讲的五分钟前才匆匆走
进会场。A. cost 花费、使付出代价；B. won 赢得；C. bought 买；D. spared 抽出、饶恕。根据后文“and I rushed into the hall just five minutes before the start.”可知，这个错误耽误了作者的宝贵时间。cost sb. precious time“使某人付出宝贵时间的代价”是常见搭配。
27 ．考查动词和形容词。句意：看到听众已经就座，我感到一阵恐惧袭来。A. bored 感到无聊的；B. seated 就座的、坐好的；C. chatting 聊天；D. leaving 离开。根据前文“and I rushed into the hall just five minutes before the start.”可知，作者冲进大厅时演讲即将开始，观众理应已经就座等候。
28．考查动词。句意：这一次，呼吸技巧不再奏效。A. helped 帮助、起作用；B. mattered 要紧；C. responded 回应；D. failed 失败、不起作用。根据前文“Usually, a few deep breaths would calm my nerves”和后文描述“my voice shook uncontrollably”可知，作者声音控制不住地颤抖，可见这次呼吸技巧不起作用了。
29 ．考查形容词。句意：在那个绝望的时刻，我突然做出了一个决定。A. surprising 令人惊讶的；B. desperate 绝望的、孤注一掷的；C. magical 神奇的；D. unforgettable 难忘的。根据前文“my voice shook uncontrollably”可知，作者极度紧张恐惧，声音颤抖，在这个绝望的时刻他做了一个突然的决定。
30．考查名词。句意：立刻，他们的目光中充满了同情，而不是评判。A. anger 愤怒；B. doubt怀疑；C. curiosity 好奇；D. sympathy 同情、理解。根据后文“instead of judgment.”可知，作者向学生承认自己的恐惧后，学生眼中流露出的不是评判而是理解与同情。
31．考查动词。句意：接下来的十分钟里，我分享了自己的故事，解释说每个人都有可能永远无法完全克服的弱点。A. overcome 克服；B. forgiven 原谅；C. understood 理解；D. neglected忽视。根据前文“I shared my story, explaining that everyone has weaknesses”可知，作者告诉学生人人都有弱点，有些弱点可能永远无法被完全克服。
32 ．考查动名词。句意：我告诉他们，没有人是完美的，但接纳自己能够让我们变得更好。 A. behaving 表现；B. describing 描述；C. accepting 接受；D. loving 爱。根据前文“I shared my story, explaining that everyone has weaknesses that may never be fully ”可知，作者认为要接纳不完美的自己。
33．考查形容词。句意：后来，一位朋友提到学生们是多么渴望尝试我所分享的方法。A. eager渴望的、热切的；B. hesitant 犹豫的；C. proud 骄傲的；D. confused 困惑的。根据后文“the students were to try the methods I shared”和“I explained that the success”可知，学生们非常热切
地去尝试作者分享的方法。
34 ．考查形容词。句意：我解释说成功在于我真诚的交流。A. meaningful 有意义的；B. inspiring鼓舞人心的；C. casual 随意的；D. honest 诚实的。根据前文“I admitted my fear to the students.”
可知，作者将演讲成功归因于自己坦诚的互动，因为他在台上诚实地分享了自己的恐惧与弱点。
35．考查名词。句意： 有时候，真正触动人心的并非完美的演讲，而是敢于展现真实自我的勇气。A. motivation 动力；B. courage 勇气；C. technique 技巧；D. determination 决心。根据前文“I admitted my fear to the students.”可知，承认自己的弱点需要勇气，这正是作者成功的所在。
36 ．the 37 ．beyond 38 ．to monitor 39 ．is 40 ．before 41 ．chemicals
42 ．natural 43 ．beating 44 ．ecological 45 ．whose
文章主要讲的是广州中山纪念堂一株 356 岁高龄的木棉树在专家团队的精心养护下得以长寿，并介绍团队利用先进科技和生物防治手段维护古树健康的故事。
36．考查冠词。句意： 这棵被称为“木棉之王” 的树堪称大自然的奇迹，因为在野外，这类树木很少能存活超过一个世纪。此处 Kapok King 是特指这棵古木棉树被赋予的称号，独一无二的身份需用定冠词 the。
37．考查介词。句意： 这棵被称为“木棉之王” 的树堪称大自然的奇迹，因为在野外，这类树木很少能存活超过一个世纪。强调超出某个时间范围，需用介词 beyond。
38．考查非谓语动词。句意：由王永跃领导的团队运用先进的技术来监测这棵树的健康状况。团队运用先进技术，其目的是监测古树健康，所以用动词不定式表目的。
39．考查动词时态与主谓一致。句意： 如果木头内部是空洞或腐朽的，声波的速度就会发生变化。条件状语从句中描述一般事实用一般现在时，主语 wood 为不可数名词，谓语用单数
is。
40．考查连词。句意： 这有助于我们在情况变得不可挽回之前就加固树木。强调提前干预的时间关系，用连词 before，表示“在 之前”。
41 ．考查名词复数。句意： 团队不依赖强效化学物质，而是采用生物控制的方法。chemical作可数名词指“化学制品/农药”，此处泛指各类化学药剂，应用复数形式。
42．考查形容词。句意： 实验室专家毕可可描述了释放天然天敌来捕杀它们的过程。修饰名词 enemies 需用形容词形式。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意： “这是大自然中一个物种击败另一个物种的故事，”他强调，这
种方法是如何保持生态平衡的。介词 of 后接动名词短语one beating another 作宾语。
44．考查形容词。句意： “这是大自然中一个物种击败另一个物种的故事，”他强调，这种方法是如何保持生态平衡的。修饰名词 balance 需用形容词形式。
45．考查定语从句。句意： 它是一位深受大家喜爱的家庭成员，其幸福安康不仅承载着这座城市的历史，也关乎着它的未来。先行词为 a beloved family member，定语从句中 well-being与先行词构成所属关系，所以用关系代词 whose 引导。
46 ．Dear Mark,
Thanks for sharing the disqualified photo case with me. In my view, disqualifying the AI-generated photo is both reasonable and necessary.
Photography, as an art form, embodies the photographer’s painstaking efforts in
composition, lighting adjustment, and on-site shooting, capturing the essence of a real-world
moment. AI-generated images, despite their visual appeal, lack the human touch, the emotional resonance, and the genuine creative process that traditional photography offers.
Allowing such works in a competition would undermine the hard work of sincere
participants and distort the very nature of the contest. Thus, this decision upholds the fairness and integrity of the photography competition.
Best wishes,
Li Hua
47．
So we started brainstorming ideas together. Dad remembered the poster I’d seen at the
garden shop. “Flowing water doesn’t freeze easily,” he said. “But how can we make the water
flow ” I wondered. Mum looked around the garage and found an old fountain pump. “Maybe this can work,” she said. We quickly connected the pump to a long tube and placed it in the pond. But when we turned it on, nothing happened. The pump was too old and broken. Just as we were about to give up, I had an idea. “What if we use a stick to break the ice and keep the water moving by hand ”
By nine o’clock, we had built a simple device to keep a hole open in the ice. I tied a long stick to a small plank, creating a kind of paddle. Dad and I took turns gently pushing the plank through the ice-covered water. Mum monitored the fish, making sure they were okay. Every few minutes, we chipped away at the ice around the edges ofthe hole we’d created. As the day went on, the
hole stayed open, and the fish seemed to be breathing easier. When the heater finally arrived the next day, we installed it right away. But that day of working together to save our fish was a
memory I’d always cherish.

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