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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
8B Unit5 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练
（时间：60分钟，满分：100分）
一、根据首字母填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
1．We should wait p________ in line when we take the bus.
2．Look out! The ground in the hall is very wet. We’d better make it dry in c________ someone falls over.
3．The two artists draw the same flower d________, making their works special.
4．Online shopping saves a lot of time because people don’t have to wait in l________.
5．The two friends were so p________ to see each other that they forgot everything else.
6．Don’t talk l________ in class. (大声地)
7．We should keep our w________ when we make a promise to others.
8．It’s i________ to cut in line. Everyone should wait patiently.
9．A m________ person never shows off their abilities or wealth before others.
10．Never leave the t ________ running or TV on when they are not in use.
二、根据汉语提示填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
1．For example, they are very different from the British in receiving p________ (赞美).
2．It’s important to learn good ________ (礼仪) when we communicate with others.
3．Chinese people are ________ (好客的) to foreign visitors and ________ (举止有礼) ________ (当涉及到) eating.
4．We should ________ (避免) making noise in the hospital.
5．We should show ________ (尊重) to our elders and teachers.
6．When he was a child, he ________ (拥抱) his father tightly after he came back home.
7．Before dinner, they need to lay the table with ________ (盘子) and decorations.
8．Outgoing children prefer showing their feelings ________ (公开地) to controlling them within themselves.
9．Respect and ________ (礼貌) are things we should learn when talking with others.
10．_________ (祝贺) to our winners and thanks to everyone who entered the competition.
三、用单词的适当形式填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
1．People ________ (normal) gather at Tian’anmen Square to watch the flag—raising ceremony on National Day morning.
2．Outgoing children prefer showing their feelings_______ (open) to controlling them within themselves.
3．After having a ________ (discuss), we are in agreement.
4．She promised ________ (help) me with my English homework.
5．Don’t get off the bus until it has ________ (full) stopped.
6．He ________ (behave) well every day.
7．I was about __________ (leave) the office when my boss called me for a talk.
8．The manager explained the problem so________ (patient) that all the people were very ________ (please).
9．Liu Tao showed kindness and ________ (polite) to his aunt and won high ________ (称赞) from her.
10．In our city, people are ________ (hospitality) to visitors from other places and are happy to offer help.
四、单项选择（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）
1．Tom was ________ to leave his home ________ his phone rang.
A．going; as B．going; after C．about; when D．about; while
2．—It’s unbelievable that scientists are starting to use tools to talk with animals in their languages now.
—Sounds ________ to be true. How does it work
A．good enough B．well enough C．too good D．too well
3．— Why didn’t you come to my birthday party last night
— Sorry, I was too busy ________ homework ________ it.
A．to do; to attend B．doing; not to attend
C．doing; to attend D．to do; not to attend
4．You can experience four seasons within a day in London, so you’d better always bring an umbrella with you __________ it rains.
A．as if B．now that C．in case D．in order
5．—Tom, as your best friend, I hope you can always share your thoughts ________ with me. You know you can trust me.
—Thank you, David. It means a lot to me.
A．openly B．patiently C．quietly D．loudly
6．— What do you think of the new rule about waste sorting in Nanjing
— It’s ________ important ________ everyone should follow it.
A．too; to B．so; that C．enough; to D．such; that
7．—Mr.Wang, I got the first place in the singing competition (比赛).
—________! I am so proud of you. Let’s celebrate your success!
A．Best wishes B．Congratulations C．Good luck D．Sounds great
8．Once you promise ________ something, you should ________.
A．to do; keep your word B．doing; keep your word
C．to do; break your word D．doing; not break your word
9．We should wait ________ when we wait for the bus.
A．in danger B．in line C．in trouble D．in fact
10．—When we stay in a new place, we should follow the local culture and customs.
— You have a point. Just as the saying goes, “________.”
A．Many hands make light work B．East or West, home is best
C．When in Rome, do as the Romans do D．No pain, no gain
11.There was a big stone ______ my way ______ my way home yesterday.
A. at; by B. in; by C. on; in D. in; on
12.You won’t get true friendship ______ you treat others with kindness.
A. if B. unless C. because D. although
13.—I hear that a new five-star hotel has been built in this area.
—Yes. It can provide wonderful service, making customers ______.
A. enjoy their meals B. spend more money C. feel at home D. keep their word
14.Hold the rope, look forward and take one step ______. Try more and you will be good at it.
A. on time B. from time to time C. all the time D. at a time
15.—Can you tell us when the disease can be prevented completely
—I’m afraid it is still ______ to talk about that. We’ll see.
A. so late B. so early C. too late D. too early
16.—The old man said he was ______ by the warm help from the community when he was sick.
—It’s true that small kindness can always bring great warmth to people in need.
A. moved B. moving C. worried D. worrying
17.My father ______ drive to his workplace, but now he has ______ riding a bike there to keep fit.
A. used to; used to B. got used to; used to C. used to; got used to D. used to; get used to
18.We should speak ______ to the elderly because it shows our good manners.
A. quickly B. respectfully C. carelessly D. happily
19.The new kind of car is ______ expensive. I don’t have ______ to afford it.
A. too much; money enough B. much too; money enough
C. too much; enough money D. much too; enough money
20.This is a ______ writer and many of his books are popular among teenagers.
A. well-known B. good-looking C. hard-working D. kind-hearted
五、完成句子（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分）
1.如果你想向他人表达礼貌与尊重，用 “您” 准没错。
If you want to ______ politeness and ______ for others, you can’t go ______ with nin.
2.我还发现，在对待赞扬的态度上，中国人和英国人的表现有所不同。
I’ve also ______ that the Chinese ______ differently to the British when it ______ to praise.
3.他们过于谦虚，不会坦然接受赞美。
They are too ______ to ______ praise openly.
4.这是他表达对我关切的一种方式。
This was his ______ of showing how much he ______ about me.
5.在许多国家，人们在银行和商店里都会耐心排队。
In many ______, people are ______ enough to ______ in line in banks and shops.
6.而且，当你进出大楼时，他们还会热心地为你扶门。
Also, they are ______ enough to ______ the door for you when you go in or out of a ______.
7.在公共场所，人们会礼貌地放低音量。
In ______ places, people are ______ enough to ______ their voices down.
8.在许多国家，人们都很有礼貌，不会在银行和商店里插队。
In many ______, people are too ______ to ______ the line in banks and shops.
9.而且，当你挡着他们的路时，他们也很友善，不会从你身边挤过去。
Also, they are too ______ to ______ past you when you are in their ______.
10.在博物馆内我们不应大声喧哗，未经允许也不得触碰任何艺术品。
We should not speak ______ inside the ______ or ______ any artwork if it is not ______.
六、语法选择（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
Good Manners in Public
Last Sunday, I went to the city library with my friend Lily. When we got there, we saw a lot of people 1 in line to get into the library. We also 2 the line and waited patiently. Suddenly, a young man 3 in front of us. An old man behind him said, “It’s not polite to 4 . Please wait for your turn.” The young man felt sorry and went to the end of the line.
Inside the library, we found a quiet place to read. A little boy was talking 5 with his mother. A librarian went to them and said, “Please 6 quiet. Others are reading here.” The boy stopped talking at once.
In the afternoon, we went to a restaurant for lunch. We 7 our food and started eating. Just then, a man 8 into a waiter and spilled his drink on the table. The man said, “ 9 me. I’m so sorry.” The waiter smiled and said, “It’s 10 problem. Let me clean it up.”
1．A．wait B．waits C．waiting D．waited
2．A．joined B．take C．come D．go
3．A．walks B．walked C．walk D．walking
4．A．push in B．wait in line C．bump into D．cut off
5．A．quiet B．quietly C．loud D．loudly
6．A．keep B．kept C．keeps D．keeping
7．A．order B．ordered C．orders D．ordering
8．A．bump B．bumped C．bumps D．bumping
9．A．Excuse B．Pardon C．Sorry D．Hello
10．A．no B．not C．any D．some
七、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词，或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺连贯。
I grew up with two elder sisters. If I wasn’t courteous (谦恭的) to them, they’d fix me.
My sisters made the most of every chance 1 (train) me how to be a courteous gentleman. They made me open doors for them or help them into their chairs at dinner.
Years later, I went away to college. The first time I walked into the library, I noticed a woman walking 2 me and I held the door open for her.
However, she glared (怒视) at me, asking loudly, “Do you think that because I’m a woman, I’m not strong enough 3 (open) a door for myself ” She slammed the door, leaving me surprised and 4 (speech). My face burnt. I decided that there would be no more courtesy!
As I stood there, another lady came towards the door. Seeing her arms overloaded with textbooks, I instinctively (本能地) reached out to open the door for her. The moment I 5 (realize) what I had done, I prepared myself for shouts. But I received a warm smile and a look of relief.
“Thanks!” she said brightly. “ 6 is nice to see we still have a few gentlemen around here!”
Of course, if I were really a gentleman, I would have offered to help with her books. I still enjoyed the good 7 (feel) I got from performing an act of simple courtesy. It would be to go against my lifetime of training 8 I did that.
Courtesy brings pleasant and refreshing light to our lives whether we are the giver, the 9 (receive) or just an interested observer (旁观者). Courtesy doesn’t necessarily (必然地) change our lives, but it can 10 (certain) change the way we feel about life. Sometimes it’s just a simple nice action to others, but it can make a great day.
答案与解析
一、根据首字母填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
1．We should wait p________ in line when we take the bus.
【答案】patiently/atiently
【详解】句意：我们乘公交车时，应该耐心地排队等候。根据语境和首字母可知，此处缺少“有耐心地”的英文表达。“wait in line”是排队等候的意思，需要用副词来修饰动词“wait”。副词“patiently”意为“耐心地”，且首字母为p，符合语境和首字母提示。故填patiently。
2．Look out! The ground in the hall is very wet. We’d better make it dry in c________ someone falls over.
【答案】case/ase
【详解】句意：小心！大厅的地面很湿。我们最好把它弄干，以免有人摔倒。空格处位于介词in之后，结合句意“someone falls over”和首字母c，此处表示以免有人摔倒，in case是固定搭配，意为“以防、万一”，故填case。
3．The two artists draw the same flower d________, making their works special.
【答案】differently/ifferently
【详解】句意：这两位画家画同一朵花的方式不同，使他们的作品很特别。根据“draw the same flower …making their works special”及首字母d可知，此处需填副词，表示“以不同的方式”，differently意为“不同地”，符合语境。故填differently。
4．Online shopping saves a lot of time because people don’t have to wait in l________.
【答案】line/ine
【详解】句意：网上购物节省了很多时间，因为人们不必排队等待。根据“wait in...”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示“排队等待”，wait in line“排队等待”，是固定短语。故填line。
5．The two friends were so p________ to see each other that they forgot everything else.
【答案】pleased/leased
【详解】句意：这两个朋友见到彼此非常高兴，以至于他们忘记了其他一切。根据“to see each other that they forgot everything else”和首字母可知，这两个朋友见到彼此非常高兴。pleased“高兴的”，形容词。故填pleased。
6．Don’t talk l________ in class. (大声地)
【答案】loudly/oudly
【详解】句意：不要在课堂上大声说话。根据首字母提示和中文释义“大声地”可知，此处需要一个副词来修饰动词talk，副词loudly“大声地” 符合语境，故填loudly。
7．We should keep our w________ when we make a promise to others.
【答案】word/ord
【详解】句意：当我们对别人做出承诺时，我们应该信守诺言。根据“keep our…”可知，横线处需填名词，且根据语境及首字母提示可知，此处表示“信守诺言”，应用keep one’s word“信守诺言，遵守诺言”，固定短语。故填word。
8．It’s i________ to cut in line. Everyone should wait patiently.
【答案】impolite/mpolite
【详解】句意：插队是不礼貌的，每个人都应该耐心等待。根据首字母“i”和“cut in line（插队）”的语境，此处应填形容词“impolite”（意为“不礼貌的”），符合句子逻辑，故填impolite。
9．A m________ person never shows off their abilities or wealth before others.
【答案】modest/odest
【详解】句意：一个谦虚的人从不在别人面前炫耀自己的能力或财富。根据“never shows off their abilities or wealth before others”及首字母提示可知，此处应该是指“谦虚的”，modest“谦虚的”，修饰名词person，故填modest。
10．Never leave the t ________ running or TV on when they are not in use.
【答案】tap/ap
【详解】句意：当水龙头或电视不使用时，不要让水龙头一直流水，也不要让电视一直开着。根据首字母提示和“running”可知，此处表示“水龙头”，tap“水龙头”，符合语境。故填tap。
二、根据汉语提示填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
1．For example, they are very different from the British in receiving p________ (赞美).
【答案】praise/raise
【详解】句意：例如，他们在接受赞美方面与英国人非常不同。根据首字母p和汉语提示“赞美”可知，英文为praise，不可数名词，作宾语。故填praise。
2．It’s important to learn good ________ (礼仪) when we communicate with others.
【答案】manners
【详解】句意：在和他人交流时，学习良好的礼仪是很重要的。根据“It’s important to learn good...when we communicate with others.”及汉语提示可知，此处应用名词“manner”，并且用复数形式manners泛指类别。故填manners。
3．Chinese people are ________ (好客的) to foreign visitors and ________ (举止有礼) ________ (当涉及到) eating.
【答案】 hospitable behave politely when it comes to
【详解】句意：中国人对外国游客很友好，并且在用餐时举止有礼。根据句意和汉语提示可知，“好客的”对应形容词hospitable，作表语；“举止有礼”对应固定短语behave politely，放在动词不定式之后，动词用原形；“当涉及到”对应固定短语when it comes to，后接名词或动名词。故填hospitable；behave politely；when it comes to。
4．We should ________ (避免) making noise in the hospital.
【答案】avoid
【详解】句意：我们应该避免在医院里制造噪音。根据句意和括号内的中文提示可知，此处考查avoid“避免”，动词，avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”，固定搭配；空格前为情态动词“should”，这里应用动词原形。故填avoid。
5．We should show ________ (尊重) to our elders and teachers.
【答案】respect
【详解】句意：我们应该尊重长辈和老师。尊重：respect，“show respect to sb.”是固定搭配，意为“尊重某人”，此处需要填名词形式。故填respect。
6．When he was a child, he ________ (拥抱) his father tightly after he came back home.
【答案】hugged
【详解】句意：当他还是个孩子的时候，他爸爸回家后，他紧紧地拥抱了他。根据“When he was a child”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，“拥抱”的英文是hug，其过去式为hugged。故填hugged。
7．Before dinner, they need to lay the table with ________ (盘子) and decorations.
【答案】plates
【详解】句意：晚餐前，他们需要用盘子和装饰品布置餐桌。根据“and decorations”可知，空格处也应填名词的复数形式，结合中文提示，plates“盘子”符合语境。故填plates。
8．Outgoing children prefer showing their feelings ________ (公开地) to controlling them within themselves.
【答案】openly
【详解】句意：外向的孩子更喜欢公开地表达他们的感情，而不是把它们藏在心里。根据汉语提示可知，“公开地”译为副词openly，修饰动词showing。故填openly。
9．Respect and ________ (礼貌) are things we should learn when talking with others.
【答案】politeness
【详解】句意：尊重和礼貌是我们与他人交谈时应该学习的。根据汉语提示可知，“礼貌”为politeness，为不可数名词，与respect并列作主语。故填politeness。
10．_________ (祝贺) to our winners and thanks to everyone who entered the competition.
【答案】Congratulations
【详解】句意：向我们的获胜者表示祝贺，并感谢所有参与比赛的人。根据汉语提示可知，congratulations意为“祝贺”，常用复数形式，Congratulations to sb.是固定搭配，表示“向某人表示祝贺”，故填Congratulations。
三、用单词的适当形式填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
1．People ________ (normal) gather at Tian’anmen Square to watch the flag—raising ceremony on National Day morning.
【答案】normally
【详解】句意：人们通常在国庆节早晨聚集在天安门广场观看升旗仪式。normal是形容词，意为“正常的”。此处需要修饰动词gather，需用其副词形式normally。故填normally。
2．Outgoing children prefer showing their feelings_______ (open) to controlling them within themselves.
【答案】openly
【详解】句意：外向的孩子更喜欢公开表达自己的感情，而不是把感情控制在自己内心。open是形容词，意为“开放的；公开的”，其副词形式是openly，意为“公开地；坦率地”。此处需要修饰动词短语“showing their feelings”，修饰动词需要用副词。故填openly。
3．After having a ________ (discuss), we are in agreement.
【答案】discussion
【详解】句意：经过讨论，我们达成了一致。discuss“讨论”，冠词a后需要接名词，discuss的名词形式是discussion，have a discussion是固定搭配，意为“进行讨论”。故填discussion。
4．She promised ________ (help) me with my English homework.
【答案】to help
【详解】句意：她答应帮我完成英语作业。help“帮助”，动词，且该句考查“promise to do sth.”，意为“承诺/答应做某事”，应用其不定式形式“to help”作宾语。故填to help。
5．Don’t get off the bus until it has ________ (full) stopped.
【答案】fully
【详解】句意：直到公交车完全停稳之后再下车。full是形容词，此处修饰动词，应用副词fully。故填fully。
6．He ________ (behave) well every day.
【答案】behaves
【详解】句意：他每天都表现很好。根据“every day”可知，时态用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单式behaves。故填behaves。
7．I was about __________ (leave) the office when my boss called me for a talk.
【答案】to leave
【详解】句意：我正要离开办公室，这时老板叫我去谈话。“be about to do sth.”意为“正要做某事”或“即将做某事”，固定搭配。故填to leave。
8．The manager explained the problem so________ (patient) that all the people were very ________ (please).
【答案】 patiently pleased
【详解】句意：经理如此耐心地解释这个问题，以至于所有人都非常高兴。第一空修饰动词explained，要用副词形式，patient的副词是patiently；第二空作表语，修饰人，要用形容词pleased，意为“感到高兴的”。故填patiently；pleased。
9．Liu Tao showed kindness and ________ (polite) to his aunt and won high ________ (称赞) from her.
【答案】 politeness praise
【详解】句意：刘涛对他的姑姑表现出友善和礼貌，并赢得了她的高度称赞。根据“kindness and”可知，and连接并列名词，此处需用polite的名词形式，politeness意为 “礼貌”，符合句意；根据中文提示可知，“称赞”的英文表达是praise，故填politeness；praise。
10．In our city, people are ________ (hospitality) to visitors from other places and are happy to offer help.
【答案】hospitable
【详解】句意：在我们城市，人们对来自外地的游客很热情，并且乐于提供帮助。根据“people are...to visitors”可知，此处表示人们“很热情”，是形容词，在句中作表语。hospitality的形容词形式是hospitable，意为“热情友好的、好客的”。故填hospitable。
四、单项选择（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）
1．Tom was ________ to leave his home ________ his phone rang.
A．going; as B．going; after C．about; when D．about; while
【答案】C
【详解】句意：汤姆正要离开家，这时他的电话响了。
考查动词时态及连词辨析。第一空，going要去；about即将。“be about to do sth.”表示即将发生的动作，强调紧迫性。第二空，as当……时，强调主从句动作同时发生，常与延续性动词连用；after在……之后；when当……时，可表示一个动作发生时另一个动作突然发生；while当……时，从句需用延续性动词或进行时。主句“was about to leave”表示即将发生的瞬间动作，从句“his phone rang”是突然发生的短暂事件，应用“when”连接，表示“这时”。as强调动作的伴随性或同时进行，与此处语境不符。故选C。
2．—It’s unbelievable that scientists are starting to use tools to talk with animals in their languages now.
—Sounds ________ to be true. How does it work
A．good enough B．well enough C．too good D．too well
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——难以置信，科学家们现在开始使用工具，用动物的语言和它们交流了。——听起来好得令人难以置信。它是怎么运作的？
good enough足够好；well enough足够好（侧重方式）；too good太好；too well太好（侧重身体或方式）。根据答句“Sounds…to be true”可知，此处使用固定结构“too...to...”，表示“太……而不能……”，且“sounds”为系动词，后接形容词作表语，应填too good。
3．— Why didn’t you come to my birthday party last night
— Sorry, I was too busy ________ homework ________ it.
A．to do; to attend B．doing; not to attend
C．doing; to attend D．to do; not to attend
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你昨晚为什么没来参加我的生日派对？——抱歉，我太忙于做作业了，没能去参加。
考查固定搭配。be busy doing sth.“忙于做某事”，动名词作宾语；too...to...“太……而不能……”，不定式表结果。故选C。
4．You can experience four seasons within a day in London, so you’d better always bring an umbrella with you __________ it rains.
A．as if B．now that C．in case D．in order
【答案】C
【详解】句意：在伦敦，你可以在一天内经历四个季节，所以你最好总是随身带把伞以防下雨。
考查连词短语辨析。as if好像；now that既然；in case以防，万一；in order整齐，有条理。根据语境，带伞是为了“以防”下雨，in case符合句意。故选C。
5．—Tom, as your best friend, I hope you can always share your thoughts ________ with me. You know you can trust me.
—Thank you, David. It means a lot to me.
A．openly B．patiently C．quietly D．loudly
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——Tom，作为你最好的朋友，我希望你能一直坦诚地和我分享你的想法。你知道你可以信任我。——谢谢你，David。这对我来说意义重大。
考查副词辨析。openly坦诚地、公开地；patiently耐心地；quietly安静地；loudly大声地。根据“You know you can trust me.”可知，可以信任对方，因此是能坦诚地分享想法。故选A。
6．— What do you think of the new rule about waste sorting in Nanjing
— It’s ________ important ________ everyone should follow it.
A．too; to B．so; that C．enough; to D．such; that
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你觉得南京关于垃圾分类的新规定怎么样？——它如此重要以至于每个人都应该遵守。
考查结果状语从句。too...to...太……而不能……；so...that...如此……以至于……；enough...to...足够……去做……；such...that...如此……以至于……。根据句意可知，因为这个规定“如此重要”，所以导致了“每个人都应该遵守它”这个结果，so后接形容词“important”，that后接完整句子“everyone should follow it”，完全符合so...that...的用法，应用“so...that...”结构引导结果状语从句。故选B。
7．—Mr.Wang, I got the first place in the singing competition (比赛).
—________! I am so proud of you. Let’s celebrate your success!
A．Best wishes B．Congratulations C．Good luck D．Sounds great
【答案】B
【详解】句意：—王老师，我在歌唱比赛中获得了第一名。—祝贺你！我真为你骄傲。让我们庆祝你的成功！
考查情境交际用语。Best wishes最好的祝愿；Congratulations祝贺；Good luck祝你好运；Sounds great听起来很棒。根据“I got the first place in the singing competition”可知，这是值得祝贺的成就，因此应选择表示祝贺的用语。故选B。
8．Once you promise ________ something, you should ________.
A．to do; keep your word B．doing; keep your word
C．to do; break your word D．doing; not break your word
【答案】A
【详解】句意：一旦你答应去做某事，你就应该信守诺言。
考查非谓语动词和动词短语。keep your word信守诺言；break your word食言；not break your word不要食言。第一空，promise to do sth.“答应做某事”，是固定搭配，因此用to do；第二空，根据句意，答应别人后应该“信守诺言”，“keep your word”符合。故选A。
9．We should wait ________ when we wait for the bus.
A．in danger B．in line C．in trouble D．in fact
【答案】B
【详解】句意：当我们等公共汽车时，我们应该排队等候。
考查介词短语辨析。in danger处于危险中；in line排队；in trouble陷入麻烦；in fact事实上。根据“when we wait for the bus”可知，等公交车时应排队等候，符合公共秩序常识。故选B。
10．—When we stay in a new place, we should follow the local culture and customs.
— You have a point. Just as the saying goes, “________.”
A．Many hands make light work B．East or West, home is best
C．When in Rome, do as the Romans do D．No pain, no gain
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——当我们待在一个新地方时，我们应该遵循当地的文化和习俗。——你说得有道理。正如俗话所说，“入乡随俗。”
考查谚语理解。Many hands make light work人多力量大；East or West, home is best金窝银窝，不如自己的狗窝；When in Rome, do as the Romans do入乡随俗；No pain, no gain不劳无获。根据前文“follow the local culture and customs”表示遵循当地的文化和习俗，此处应表示“入乡随俗”的含义。故选C。
11.There was a big stone ______ my way ______ my way home yesterday.
A. at; by B. in; by C. on; in D. in; on
【答案】D
【详解】句意：昨天在我回家的路上，有一块大石头挡住了我的路。
考查介词短语辨析。in one's way 挡路；on one's way home 在某人回家的路上；at/by 无此搭配。根据语境，石头是 “挡路”，回家路上用 on one's way home，符合日常表达逻辑。故选 D。
12.You won’t get true friendship ______ you treat others with kindness.
A. if B. unless C. because D. although
【答案】B
【详解】句意：除非你友善地对待他人，否则你不会得到真正的友谊。
考查连词辨析。if 如果；unless 除非（=if not）；because 因为；although 虽然。根据 “won't get true friendship” 和 “treat others with kindness” 的逻辑关系，此处表 “除非”，引导条件状语从句。故选 B。
13.—I hear that a new five-star hotel has been built in this area.
—Yes. It can provide wonderful service, making customers ______.
A. enjoy their meals B. spend more money C. feel at home D. keep their word
【答案】C
【详解】句意：—— 我听说这个区域新建了一家五星级酒店。—— 是的，它能提供优质服务，让顾客宾至如归。
考查动词短语辨析。enjoy their meals 享受用餐；spend more money 花更多钱；feel at home 宾至如归；keep their word 信守承诺。五星级酒店的优质服务核心是让顾客有 “家” 的归属感，符合语境。故选 C。
14.Hold the rope, look forward and take one step ______. Try more and you will be good at it.
A. on time B. from time to time C. all the time D. at a time
【答案】D
【详解】句意：握住绳子，向前看，一步一步地走。多尝试，你就会擅长的。
考查短语辨析。on time 按时；from time to time 有时；all the time 一直；at a time 一次，每次。根据 “take one step” 可知，此处指 “每次走一步”，强调循序渐进的动作。故选 D。
15.—Can you tell us when the disease can be prevented completely
—I’m afraid it is still ______ to talk about that. We’ll see.
A. so late B. so early C. too late D. too early
【答案】D
【详解】句意：—— 你能告诉我们这种病什么时候能被彻底预防吗？—— 恐怕现在谈论这个还为时过早，我们拭目以待。
考查固定句型与形容词辨析。too...to... 太…… 而不能……；so late 太晚；so early 太早；too late 太晚；too early 太早。根据 “We'll see” 可知，当前时机尚不成熟，谈论还 “太早”，用 too early 符合语境。故选 D。
16.—The old man said he was ______ by the warm help from the community when he was sick.
—It’s true that small kindness can always bring great warmth to people in need.
A. moved B. moving C. worried D. worrying
【答案】A
【详解】句意：—— 这位老人说，他生病时被社区的热心帮助深深感动。—— 确实，小小的善意总能给需要帮助的人带来巨大温暖。
考查形容词辨析。moved 感动的（修饰人）；moving 令人感动的（修饰物）；worried 担忧的（修饰人）；worrying 令人担忧的（修饰物）。此处修饰 “the old man”，表达人的感受，表 “感动的”。故选 A。
17.My father ______ drive to his workplace, but now he has ______ riding a bike there to keep fit.
A. used to; used to B. got used to; used to C. used to; got used to D. used to; get used to
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我父亲过去常常开车去上班，但现在他已经习惯骑自行车去那里保持健康。
考查固定搭配辨析。used to do sth. 过去常常做某事；get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事。第一空后是动词原形 drive，用 used to；第二空后是动名词 riding，且时态为现在完成时，用 got used to。故选 C。
18.We should speak ______ to the elderly because it shows our good manners.
A. quickly B. respectfully C. carelessly D. happily
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我们应该恭敬地对老人说话，因为这体现我们的良好礼貌。
考查副词辨析。quickly 快速地；respectfully 恭敬地；carelessly 粗心地；happily 开心地。根据 “shows our good manners” 可知，对老人说话应 “恭敬”，符合礼仪要求。故选 B。
19.The new kind of car is ______ expensive. I don’t have ______ to afford it.
A. too much; money enough B. much too; money enough
C. too much; enough money D. much too; enough money
【答案】D
【详解】句意：这种新车太贵了。我没有足够的钱买它。
考查副词和形容词用法。much too 修饰形容词 / 副词；too much 修饰不可数名词；enough 修饰名词时放在名词前。第一空修饰 expensive，用 much too；第二空 “足够的钱” 用 enough money。故选 D。
五、完成句子（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分）
1.如果你想向他人表达礼貌与尊重，用 “您” 准没错。
If you want to ______ politeness and ______ for others, you can’t go ______ with nin.
【答案】show; respect; wrong
【详解】句意：如果你想向他人表达礼貌与尊重，用 “您” 准没错。考查动词与固定搭配，show 表示 “表达、展示”，respect 表示 “尊重”，can’t go wrong 为固定短语，意为 “准没错、不会出错”。
2.我还发现，在对待赞扬的态度上，中国人和英国人的表现有所不同。
I’ve also ______ that the Chinese ______ differently to the British when it ______ to praise.
【答案】realized; behave; comes
【详解】句意：我还发现，在对待赞扬的态度上，中国人和英国人的表现有所不同。第一空 have 后接过去分词 realized 构成现在完成时；behave 表示 “表现、举止”；when it comes to 为固定句型，意为 “当涉及到…… 时”。
3.他们过于谦虚，不会坦然接受赞美。
They are too ______ to ______ praise openly.
【答案】modest; accept
【详解】句意：他们过于谦虚，不会坦然接受赞美。考查 too…to… 结构，意为 “太…… 而不能……”，modest 表示 “谦虚的”，accept 表示 “接受”。
4.这是他表达对我关切的一种方式。
This was his ______ of showing how much he ______ about me.
【答案】way; cared
【详解】句意：这是他表达对我关切的一种方式。his way of doing sth. 表示 “做某事的方式”；care about 为固定短语，意为 “关心、关切”，句子时态为一般过去时，故用 cared。
5.在许多国家，人们在银行和商店里都会耐心排队。
In many ______, people are ______ enough to ______ in line in banks and shops.
【答案】countries; patient; wait
【详解】句意：在许多国家，人们在银行和商店里都会耐心排队。many 后接可数名词复数 countries；patient enough to do sth. 表示 “足够耐心做某事”；wait in line 意为 “排队”。
6.而且，当你进出大楼时，他们还会热心地为你扶门。
Also, they are ______ enough to ______ the door for you when you go in or out of a ______.
【答案】kind; hold; building
【详解】句意：而且，当你进出大楼时，他们还会热心地为你扶门。kind enough to do sth. 表示 “足够友善做某事”；hold the door 表示 “扶门”；building 表示 “大楼、建筑物”。
7.在公共场所，人们会礼貌地放低音量。
In ______ places, people are ______ enough to ______ their voices down.
【答案】public; polite; keep
【详解】句意：在公共场所，人们会礼貌地放低音量。in public places 为固定短语，意为 “在公共场所”；polite enough to do sth. 表示 “足够有礼貌做某事”；keep one’s voices down 意为 “放低音量”。
8.在许多国家，人们都很有礼貌，不会在银行和商店里插队。
In many ______, people are too ______ to ______ the line in banks and shops.
【答案】countries; polite; jump
【详解】句意：在许多国家，人们都很有礼貌，不会在银行和商店里插队。too…to… 结构表 “太…… 而不……”；jump the line 为固定短语，意为 “插队”。
9.而且，当你挡着他们的路时，他们也很友善，不会从你身边挤过去。
Also, they are too ______ to ______ past you when you are in their ______.
【答案】kind; push; way
【详解】句意：而且，当你挡着他们的路时，他们也很友善，不会从你身边挤过去。push past 表示 “从身边挤过”；in one’s way 为固定短语，意为 “挡某人的路”。
10.在博物馆内我们不应大声喧哗，未经允许也不得触碰任何艺术品。
We should not speak ______ inside the ______ or ______ any artwork if it is not ______.
【答案】loudly; museum; touch; allowed
【详解】句意：在博物馆内我们不应大声喧哗，未经允许也不得触碰任何艺术品。speak loudly 表示 “大声说话”；museum 表示 “博物馆”；touch 表示 “触碰”；allowed 表示 “被允许”。
六、语法选择（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
Good Manners in Public
Last Sunday, I went to the city library with my friend Lily. When we got there, we saw a lot of people 1 in line to get into the library. We also 2 the line and waited patiently. Suddenly, a young man 3 in front of us. An old man behind him said, “It’s not polite to 4 . Please wait for your turn.” The young man felt sorry and went to the end of the line.
Inside the library, we found a quiet place to read. A little boy was talking 5 with his mother. A librarian went to them and said, “Please 6 quiet. Others are reading here.” The boy stopped talking at once.
In the afternoon, we went to a restaurant for lunch. We 7 our food and started eating. Just then, a man 8 into a waiter and spilled his drink on the table. The man said, “ 9 me. I’m so sorry.” The waiter smiled and said, “It’s 10 problem. Let me clean it up.”
1．A．wait B．waits C．waiting D．waited
2．A．joined B．take C．come D．go
3．A．walks B．walked C．walk D．walking
4．A．push in B．wait in line C．bump into D．cut off
5．A．quiet B．quietly C．loud D．loudly
6．A．keep B．kept C．keeps D．keeping
7．A．order B．ordered C．orders D．ordering
8．A．bump B．bumped C．bumps D．bumping
9．A．Excuse B．Pardon C．Sorry D．Hello
10．A．no B．not C．any D．some
【答案】
1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．A 10．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者和朋友 Lily 在上周日前往市图书馆及餐厅的经历，通过排队、保持安静、礼貌道歉等场景，展现了公共场合的良好礼仪规范。
1．句意：当我们到达那里时，我们看到很多人正在排队进入图书馆。
本句使用see sb. doing sth.结构，表示“看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行，因此用wait的现在分词形式 waiting，wait/waits/waited，均不符合。
2．句意：我们也加入了队伍，耐心等待。
本文背景为Last Sunday，时态为一般过去时，and连接并列谓语waited，因此此处用join的过去式joined，表示“加入（队伍）”，take/come/go为动词原形，与一般过去时语境不符。
3．句意：突然，一个年轻男子走到我们前面。
故事发生在过去，用一般过去时描述过去发生的动作，walk的过去式为walked。walks/walk为一般现在时形式，walking为现在分词，均不符合。
4．句意：他身后的一位老人说：“插队是不礼貌的。请按顺序排队。”
结合上下文，年轻男子插到队伍前面，“插队”的固定表达是push in，符合语境。wait in line意为“排队”，与“不礼貌”语义矛盾；bump into意为“撞到”，cut off意为“切断”，均与“插队”语境无关。
5．句意：一个小男孩正在和他的妈妈大声说话。
动词talking需要副词修饰，结合后文管理员提醒“保持安静”，且图书馆需要安静的语境可知，此处表示“大声地”，用副词loudly。quiet/loud为形容词，不能修饰动词；quietly意为 “安静地”，与后文管理员提醒“保持安静”的逻辑矛盾。
6．句意：一位图书管理员走过去对他们说：“请保持安静。其他人正在这里看书。”
Please后接动词原形构成祈使句，keep quiet是固定搭配，表示“保持安静”，因此用keep。 kept/keeps为动词过去式/第三人称单数形式，keeping为现在分词，均不符合。
7．句意：我们点了食物，开始吃饭。
本文为一般过去时，and连接并列谓语started，因此order需用过去式ordered。order/orders为一般现在时形式，ordering为现在分词，均不符合。
8．句意：就在这时，一个男人撞到了服务员，把饮料洒在了桌子上。
描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，bump的过去式为bumped，bump into表示 “撞到”。bump/bumps为一般现在时形式，bumping为现在分词，均不符合。
9．句意：这个男人说：“打扰一下，我很抱歉。”
在公共场合不小心撞到别人并道歉时，开头常用礼貌用语Excuse me，用于引起对方注意并表达歉意。Pardon me侧重“请再说一遍”，Sorry直接表歉意但不用于开场白，Hello为问候语，均不符合。
10．句意：服务员微笑着说：“没关系。让我来清理一下。”
It’s no problem是固定交际用语，表示“没关系”，用于回应别人的道歉，因此用no。not需与a连用，即It’s not a problem，any/some无法与 problem构成该固定表达，语法不通。
七、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词，或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺连贯。
I grew up with two elder sisters. If I wasn’t courteous (谦恭的) to them, they’d fix me.
My sisters made the most of every chance 1 (train) me how to be a courteous gentleman. They made me open doors for them or help them into their chairs at dinner.
Years later, I went away to college. The first time I walked into the library, I noticed a woman walking 2 me and I held the door open for her.
However, she glared (怒视) at me, asking loudly, “Do you think that because I’m a woman, I’m not strong enough 3 (open) a door for myself ” She slammed the door, leaving me surprised and 4 (speech). My face burnt. I decided that there would be no more courtesy!
As I stood there, another lady came towards the door. Seeing her arms overloaded with textbooks, I instinctively (本能地) reached out to open the door for her. The moment I 5 (realize) what I had done, I prepared myself for shouts. But I received a warm smile and a look of relief.
“Thanks!” she said brightly. “ 6 is nice to see we still have a few gentlemen around here!”
Of course, if I were really a gentleman, I would have offered to help with her books. I still enjoyed the good 7 (feel) I got from performing an act of simple courtesy. It would be to go against my lifetime of training 8 I did that.
Courtesy brings pleasant and refreshing light to our lives whether we are the giver, the 9 (receive) or just an interested observer (旁观者). Courtesy doesn’t necessarily (必然地) change our lives, but it can 10 (certain) change the way we feel about life. Sometimes it’s just a simple nice action to others, but it can make a great day.
【答案】
1．to train 2．behind 3．to open 4．speechless 5．realized 6．It 7．feeling 8．if 9．receiver 10．certainly
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者从小在两位姐姐的教导下学习礼仪，但在大学时因帮助一位女士开门而遭到误解，随后又因帮助另一位女士而获得感谢的经历。通过这些经历，作者体会到礼仪的重要性——它能为生活带来愉悦和清新，无论我们是给予者、接受者还是旁观者。
1．句意：我的姐姐们会抓住一切机会来训练我如何成为一个有礼貌的绅士。分析句子成分可知，空处缺动词不定式作目的状语，抓住机会的目的是为了培养或训练。故填to train。
2．句意：第一次走进图书馆时，我注意到一位女士走在我身后，于是我为她扶住了门。根据“I noticed a woman walking…me and I held the door open for her.”可知，空处指“在……后面”，需介词behind。故填behind。
3．句意：然而，她却怒视着我，大声质问：“你是不是觉得，因为我是女人，就没有力气 自己开门？”。“ adj.+enough+to do sth.”表示“足够……做某事”，故空处需动词不定式。故填to open。
4．句意：她猛地关上门，让我又惊讶又说不出话。根据“She slammed the door, leaving me surprised and”可知，我惊讶且说不出话，空处需形容词speechless“无语的”,与surprised并列。故填speechless。
5．句意：当我意识到自己做了什么时，已经准备好迎接斥责了。 本句为the moment引导的时间状语从句，表示“就在那一刻”，句中主句用了一般过去时，从句需一般过去时，故填realized。
6．句意：她开心地说，“真高兴看到我们身边还有几位绅士！”。分析句子成分可知，空处缺形式主语，需代词it，真正的主语为后面的动词不定式。故填It。
7．句意：但我依然享受着这一个小小的礼貌举动带给我的美好感受。feel“感到”为动词，形容词good修饰名词，名词feeling“感受”符合句意。故填feeling。
8．句意：如果我那样做 (不再讲礼貌)，就违背了我这么多年所受的教养。分析句子结构可知，空处缺if“如果”引导条件状语从句。故填if。
9．句意：礼貌为我们的生活带来愉悦又清新的光芒，无论我们是给予者、 接受者，还是只是旁观者。根据“whether we are the giver, the…(receive) or just an interested observer (旁观者).”可知，空处需名词，与giver和observer并列，名词receiver符合，意为“接受者”。故填receiver。
10．句意：礼貌不一定会改变我们的生活，但它确实能改变我们对待生活的态度。“certain”是形容词，但这里修饰动词“change”，需用副词形式。“certainly”是副词，意为“必定”，故填certainly。
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