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8B Unit5 Good manners（单元话题组合练）
（完形填空+阅读理解+选词填空+语法填空+书面表达）
单元标题 主题
Unit 5 Good manners 良好礼仪
内容提要
精练-1 精练-2 精练-3
一、完形填空
Passage 1
The Bear family lived in a big tree house. Brother Bear and Sister Bear had a big 1 with manners. They often 2 to say “please” and “thank you”, and sometimes they pushed each other or called each other like “Silly Head”. At the dinner table, things got even 3 . They fought for food.
Mama Bear tried many ways to correct their actions, but 4 seemed to work. Then she thought, “The best way to 5 bad habits is by building good ones.” So she came up with a great idea. She created a manners adventure game.
“Our tree house is a magical kingdom. Here, you’ll get a golden key for every 6 word or action. Collect enough keys, and you’ll get a special surprise,” Mama Bear explained.
At first, Brother Bear and Sister Bear played just for the golden keys. But as they went on playing, something changed. When Brother Bear helped Sister Bear pick up her toys and said, “Here you are.” he felt 7 inside. And when Sister Bear said “thank you” with a big 8 , Brother Bear couldn’t help smiling back.
Slowly, good manners became a 9 of their everyday life. They found that politeness not only helped them get along better but also filled their home with happiness. And the special 10 It was a wonderful family picnic full of laughter, and lots of “please” and “thank you”.
1．A．plan B．feeling C．problem D．fight
2．A．started B．stopped C．remembered D．forgot
3．A．worse B．slower C．easier D．funnier
4．A．everything B．nothing C．something D．anything
5．A．break B．learn C．keep D．cause
6．A．impolite B．polite C．wrong D．correct
7．A．sad B．natural C．lonely D．warm
8．A．sign B．smile C．heart D．mouth
9．A．symbol B．result C．mix D．part
10．A．design B．report C．surprise D．reason
Passage 2
Good Manners in Our Life
Good manners are very important in our daily life. They help us get on well with others and make our life more pleasant. We should learn to behave 1 in public places.
When we are waiting for a bus, we should wait in line 2 . We mustn’t push others or jump the line. It’s impolite to do so. When we are eating in a restaurant, we shouldn’t talk 3 . We should eat up the food on our plates, because wasting food is bad manners.
My parents 4 tell me to say “please” and “thank you” when I ask for help or get something from others. These simple words can make others feel happy. We should also keep our word when we make a promise. If we can’t keep it, we should say sorry to others 5 .
When we are in the library, we must keep quiet. We mustn’t speak loudly or run around. We should also take care of the books and not write on them. If someone is in our way, we should say “excuse me” instead of pushing him or her 6 .
Good manners are not difficult to learn. We just need to remember them and follow them every day. If everyone has good manners, our world will become a 7 place. We will feel more comfortable and happy when we are with each other. And we can also make more friends because people all like to stay with those who have good 8 .
It’s never too late to learn good manners. Let’s start with small things and 9 good manners in our life. We believe that good manners will make our life more colourful and 10 .
1. A．properly B．carelessly C．noisily D．differently
2. A．quickly B．patiently C．loudly D．happily
3. A．quietly B．politely C．loudly D．happily
4. A．never B．always C．sometimes D．seldom
5. A．at once B．on time C．in time D．for time
6. A．away B．off C．out D．in
7. A．worse B．busier C．better D．noisier
8. A．habits B．manners C．hobbies D．skills
9. A．learn B．teach C．follow D．forget
10. A．meaningful B．boring C．tiring D．difficult
二、阅读理解
Passage 3
China is a nation of etiquette (礼仪). Chinese people are among the most hospitable people in the world. If foreigners visit a Chinese family, they will be surprised at the warm welcome.
When you visit a Chinese family, the host usually makes tea for you. Then he will serve (提供) you snacks and fruits. Someone in the family will also chat with you, never letting you feel lonely.
At the same time, other family members will prepare a meal for you. Chinese people treat (招待) their guests with a big meal. They always present more food than the guest can eat. On the table, the guests must be the first to eat. Perhaps one of the most surprising things for western guests is that the Chinese host likes to pick up food for visitors. This won’t happen at western tables. Chinese families go out of their way to make you feel at home. As you finish eating, the host usually says, “It seems that you didn’t eat much. Please have more.” Although you tell them you are full, they still put more food in your bowl.
Being warm and hospitable has long been an important part of Chinese culture and tradition. As Confucius said thousands of years ago: How happy we are, to meet friends from far away!
1. In a Chinese family, the host usually offers guests ________.
A．juice and candy B．juice and cakes
C．tea and fruits D．milk and tea
2. What’s the meaning of the words by Confucius at the end of the text
A．学而时习之，不亦说乎？ B．有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？
C．人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎？ D．己所不欲，勿施于人。
3. What’s the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
4. What is the text mainly about
A．Where Chinese people usually go. B．How Chinese people treat the guests.
C．What food Chinese people like to eat.
D．Why Chinese people invite the guests to their house.
Passage 4
For centuries, China has been known as “a state of ceremony”, which means Liyi Zhibang. There was much greeting etiquette in ancient China. And the fist-and-palm salute (拱手礼) was quite a classic example. Today, although Chinese people usually shake hands when meeting friends and relatives, people still make fist-and-palm salutes when they are paying a visit to someone during the Spring Festival or attending someone’s wedding or birthday party.
The fist-and-palm salute has a history of more than 3,000 years. Since the Western Zhou Dynasty, people had already performed it when meeting peers (同辈). In ancient times, if people met a stranger, they would prepare for a fight if necessary, and their hands were always ready for holding any weapon (武器). Holding hands together pointed towards themselves was a gesture of saying “relax”, meaning “I’m not with any weapon and I’m not here to pick a fight”. Later, it became the etiquette when people met each other or showed thanks.
So, how should people do the fist-and-palm salute properly Firstly, stand at attention. If you’re a man, make a half fist (拳) with your right hand, then hold the right hand with your left hand in front of your chest, look at the person, raise both hands to the eyebrows (眉毛), bend down and keep the gesture steady without shaking. At the same time, you can also say some lucky greeting words. If you’re a woman, you should do it the other way which should be the right hand on the top.
People may be more familiar with the hold-fist salute, called bao quan li in Chinese. It is widely used among the kung fu masters and students. This gesture is formed by holding the right fist very tightly closed and covering it with the left hand open, and extending both arms a little forward in front of the chest. Make sure the left thumb (拇指) is close to the index finger (食指) and don’t point it at yourself, as it shows impoliteness.
1. What does the underlined word “etiquette” in Paragraph 1 mean
A．Need. B．Manners. C．Dances. D．Groups.
2. Which picture shows the CORRECT way for women to do the fist-and-palm salute
A． B． C． D．
3. If Mike wants to do the hold-fist salute, he should ________.
A．keep his right hand open B．put his right hand on his left hand
C．not point his left thumb at himself D．not hold out his arms
4. What can we learn from the passage
A．There are no standards for these two salutes.
B．The fist-and-palm salute is more common in kung fu.
C．Now, people celebrate one’s birthday with the hold-fist salute.
D．These two salutes seem similar, but they are quite different.
三、选词填空
Passage 5
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
shake in wait thank never manner example try kind kiss
Good manners are very important in our daily life. Everyone likes a person with good 1 . But what are good manners
Here are some 2 . A person with good manners 3 laughs at others in trouble. Instead, he always 4 to help them. When he takes a bus and sees an old man, he always gives his seat to him. He 5 in line and never pushes 6 before others. If he gets help from others, he says, “ 7 you.”
Good manners are not always the same in different countries. For example, people in Western countries usually 8 each other to show their greetings. In China, people usually 9 hands with each other. But remember that it is always right to be 10 and helpful to others.
Passage 6
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯（有两个多余）。
greet, custom, polite, bow, hug, behave, visit, different, friendly, welcome, like, difference
Last year, I went to 1 my cousin in South Korea. I was excited but also worried about the 2 between China and South Korea.
On the first day, when I met my cousin’s family, they 3 me with a deep bow. I didn’t know what to do at first, so I just stood there. Then my cousin told me that bowing is a 4 way to greet people there.
Later, I learned that in South Korea, people also pay attention to how to 5 at the table. For example, you shouldn’t start eating before the elders. And you shouldn’t talk loudly while eating.
One day, we went to a park. I met a local girl. She was very 6 and wanted to make friends with me. She tried to 7 me, but I remembered that in South Korea, people usually don’t hug strangers. So I bowed to her instead. She smiled and said I was 8 .
I stayed there for a month. During that time, I learned many 9 . I realized that understanding other cultures can help us get on well with people from 10 countries.
Passage 7
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
in avoid while make cover fork usual kiss respect private
Every country has its own special customs and manners.
In Japan, people usually bow to greet each other. A small bow might mean a simple hello, 1 a deep and long bow shows more respect. When you enter a Japanese house or some 2 places, you have to take off your shoes.
In France, friends often greet with a 3 on the cheek. French people also pay much attention to table manners. For example, people should use the knives and 4 in the right order.
In Saudi Arabia, people have to dress properly. Men usually wear long traditional robes. Women need to 5 their bodies and heads when they are in public. Their greetings are 6 more formal and sometimes include special words.
In India, it is very important to 7 old people. Young people often touch the feet of the elders to show their respect. Also, 8 some situations, people think the left hand isn’t clean, so they mainly use the right hand to eat and to give or receive things.
Knowing and respecting these different customs and manners helps us make friends with people from other countries and 9 making mistakes in communication. It 10 us understand more about different cultures in the world and makes cross-cultural communication better.
四、语法填空
Passage 8
In China, table culture is part of each meal, whether it is in a restaurant or in someone’s home. Learning 1 (act) properly at the table will make people around us more comfortable. Then 2 should we pay attention to when dining
The first one is the order of seats. Usually, round tables are the first 3 (choose) for Chinese dining. The seat facing the door is the best one, usually for the main guest. As for the other seats, the 4 (close) they are to the main guest, the better they are.
Second, if we are the host, we should arrive earlier at the door and introduce them to their seats. If we are invited to the meal, we should listen to the host and take 5 seat.
Third, we shouldn’t ask the 6 (waiter) the dishes’ prices or bargain (讨价还价) with them when we order, which shows we are not generous. And that makes guests 7 (feel) uncomfortable.
The last point to note is about eating manners. It is 8 (polite) to urge (力劝) guests to take the dish, but it’s acceptable to introduce the special dish. Whether they eat or not 9 (depend) on themselves. It’s also unwise to take a dish for guests, 10 we are not sure whether they like it.
Passage 9
根据短文内容，在空格上填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
These days, Chai Wanbin, who carries his mother on his back, has become popular on social media. There are some photos about their travels to Tian’anmen Square and other places around the country 1 (spread) online. He has been carrying his mother for years and recording their travels through short videos. These experiences have made millions of people feel 2 (move).
Chai Wanbin was just eight years old when his mother had 3 terrible car accident that caused her to be unable to move. His mother later got cerebral atrophy (脑萎缩) because of the car accident.
Growing up, he worked in the fields picking cotton and opened his own restaurant in Xinjiang. Most of the money was used for his mother’s recovery (康复). His hard work seemed to pay 4 because his mother could leave the bed to sit in a wheelchair and even take a few small steps 5 (slow). However, a few years ago, Chai Wanbin got the terrible news that his mother’s illness had become 6 (bad). At that moment, he was so sad that he decided to try his best 7 (spend) more time with her.
Instead of just focusing on his business, Chai Wanbin sold his house and his car for money so he could take his mother on trips around China. So far, they 8 (visit) several places in Xinjiang, including Tianshan Mountain and Tianchi Lake, as well as Tian’anmen Square and the Great Wall in Beijing. 9 the elderly woman can no longer speak, she always smiles when they travel. The smile also brings joy to her loving son, who recalls how sad she used to be when limited to her bed.
“Love doesn’t wait, filial piety (孝道) is never late, and putting filial piety into 10 (act) is my answer,” Chai Wanbin said. “My mother carried me when I was a child, and now I carry her.”
Passage 10
阅读下面短文，在空白处填一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
An old villager let other villagers carry salt to a town to sell it and buy food for the winter. One night, they camped in a mountain. The old villager 1 (take) out some salt and threw it into the campfire to foretell the changes of weather in the mountains.
The other villagers waited for the old man’s weather report. 2 the salt in the fire produced crackling (噼啪声), they would have good weather; if there 3 (be) no sound, it then meant a storm would come at any moment.
The salt in the campfire didn’t make 4 (some) sounds at all. The old man asked the whole team 5 (set) out at once after daybreak. A young man in the group, however, said that they should not set out in such a hurry because he thought foretelling the weather by 6 (use) salt was silly.
It was not until the next afternoon that the young man caught up on the wisdom of the old man when the weather suddenly changed, 7 cold winds blowing and a snowstorm coming.
In fact, modern science could explain 8 (good) the way used by the old villager: whether 9 not salt produces sound in a campfire depends on air humidity. When a storm is coming, the wet salt blocks 10 (not make) any sounds in the fire because of high humidity.
Young people often look down upon the philosophy of the old. However, some beliefs in life are just like salt from the sea. It carries great memories of the sea.
五、书面表达
人无礼则不生，事无礼则不成，国无礼则不宁。礼貌是中华文明的重要体现，承载着中华文化的精髓。礼貌不仅是我们与他人相处的基本原则，也有助于我们树立良好的个人形象。你校举办了一个主题为“Politeness”的征文活动，请结合你的经历，写一篇英语短文。
内容包括：●your opinion about politeness
●one of your stories about politeness
●what you have learned from it
要求：词数80—100。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案与解析
一、完形填空
Passage 1
The Bear family lived in a big tree house. Brother Bear and Sister Bear had a big 1 with manners. They often 2 to say “please” and “thank you”, and sometimes they pushed each other or called each other like “Silly Head”. At the dinner table, things got even 3 . They fought for food.
Mama Bear tried many ways to correct their actions, but 4 seemed to work. Then she thought, “The best way to 5 bad habits is by building good ones.” So she came up with a great idea. She created a manners adventure game.
“Our tree house is a magical kingdom. Here, you’ll get a golden key for every 6 word or action. Collect enough keys, and you’ll get a special surprise,” Mama Bear explained.
At first, Brother Bear and Sister Bear played just for the golden keys. But as they went on playing, something changed. When Brother Bear helped Sister Bear pick up her toys and said, “Here you are.” he felt 7 inside. And when Sister Bear said “thank you” with a big 8 , Brother Bear couldn’t help smiling back.
Slowly, good manners became a 9 of their everyday life. They found that politeness not only helped them get along better but also filled their home with happiness. And the special 10 It was a wonderful family picnic full of laughter, and lots of “please” and “thank you”.
1．A．plan B．feeling C．problem D．fight
2．A．started B．stopped C．remembered D．forgot
3．A．worse B．slower C．easier D．funnier
4．A．everything B．nothing C．something D．anything
5．A．break B．learn C．keep D．cause
6．A．impolite B．polite C．wrong D．correct
7．A．sad B．natural C．lonely D．warm
8．A．sign B．smile C．heart D．mouth
9．A．symbol B．result C．mix D．part
10．A．design B．report C．surprise D．reason
【答案】
1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．B 9．D 10．C
【导语】本文讲述了熊妈妈通过游戏的方式帮助熊哥哥和熊妹妹改掉坏习惯、养成礼貌习惯的故事。
1．句意：熊哥哥和熊妹妹在礼貌方面有一个大问题。
plan计划；feeling感觉；problem问题；fight打架。根据“They often... to say ‘please’ and ‘thank you’, and sometimes they pushed each other or called each other like ‘Silly Head’.”可知，他们在礼貌方面存在“问题”。故选C。
2．句意：他们经常忘记说“请”和“谢谢”，有时还会互相推搡，或者叫对方“傻瓜脑袋”之类的。
started开始；stopped停止；remembered记得；forgot忘记。根据“they pushed each other or called each other like ‘Silly Head’”可知，他们不礼貌，所以是“忘记”说礼貌用语。故选D。
3．句意：在餐桌上，情况变得更糟了。
worse更糟；slower更慢；easier更容易；funnier更有趣。根据“They fought for food.”可知，餐桌上的情况比平时“更糟”。故选A。
4．句意：熊妈妈尝试了许多方法来纠正他们的行为，但似乎都没有效果。
everything一切；nothing没有什么；something某事；anything任何事。根据“but”和“seemed to work”可知，尝试的方法似乎“没有”效果。故选B。
5．句意：她心想：“改掉坏习惯最好的方法就是培养好习惯。”
break打破，改掉；learn学习；keep保持；cause导致。根据“bad habits”和“building good ones”可知，这里是“改掉”坏习惯。故选A。
6．句意：“我们的树屋是一个神奇的王国。在这里，你们每说一句礼貌的话或做一个礼貌的动作，就能获得一把金钥匙。收集足够的钥匙，你们就能得到一个特别的惊喜。”熊妈妈解释道。
impolite不礼貌的；polite礼貌的；wrong错误的；correct正确的。根据“Collect enough keys, and you’ll get a special surprise”和游戏目的是培养好习惯，可知是为“礼貌的”言行奖励金钥匙。故选B。
7．句意：当熊哥哥帮熊妹妹捡起玩具并说“给你”时，他内心感到温暖。
sad悲伤的；natural自然的；lonely孤独的；warm温暖的。根据“When Brother Bear helped Sister Bear pick up her toys and said, ‘Here you are.’”可知，帮助别人后的积极感受是感到“温暖的”。故选D。
8．句意：当妹妹带着灿烂的笑容说“谢谢”时，哥哥也忍不住回以微笑。
sign标志；smile微笑；heart心；mouth嘴巴。根据“with a big...”“Brother Bear couldn’t help smiling back”可知，妹妹是带着“微笑”说谢谢。故选B。
9．句意：渐渐地，礼貌成了他们日常生活的一部分。
symbol象征；result结果；mix混合；part部分。根据“Slowly, good manners became...”和“They found that politeness not only helped them get along better but also filled their home with happiness.”可知，礼貌行为成了他们日常生活的“一部分”。故选D。
10．句意：那个特别的惊喜呢？
design设计；report报告；surprise惊喜；reason原因。根据“you’ll get a special surprise”可知，这里指的是那个“惊喜”。故选C。
Passage 2
Good Manners in Our Life
Good manners are very important in our daily life. They help us get on well with others and make our life more pleasant. We should learn to behave 1 in public places.
When we are waiting for a bus, we should wait in line 2 . We mustn’t push others or jump the line. It’s impolite to do so. When we are eating in a restaurant, we shouldn’t talk 3 . We should eat up the food on our plates, because wasting food is bad manners.
My parents 4 tell me to say “please” and “thank you” when I ask for help or get something from others. These simple words can make others feel happy. We should also keep our word when we make a promise. If we can’t keep it, we should say sorry to others 5 .
When we are in the library, we must keep quiet. We mustn’t speak loudly or run around. We should also take care of the books and not write on them. If someone is in our way, we should say “excuse me” instead of pushing him or her 6 .
Good manners are not difficult to learn. We just need to remember them and follow them every day. If everyone has good manners, our world will become a 7 place. We will feel more comfortable and happy when we are with each other. And we can also make more friends because people all like to stay with those who have good 8 .
It’s never too late to learn good manners. Let’s start with small things and 9 good manners in our life. We believe that good manners will make our life more colourful and 10 .
1. A．properly B．carelessly C．noisily D．differently
2. A．quickly B．patiently C．loudly D．happily
3. A．quietly B．politely C．loudly D．happily
4. A．never B．always C．sometimes D．seldom
5. A．at once B．on time C．in time D．for time
6. A．away B．off C．out D．in
7. A．worse B．busier C．better D．noisier
8. A．habits B．manners C．hobbies D．skills
9. A．learn B．teach C．follow D．forget
10. A．meaningful B．boring C．tiring D．difficult
【答案】
1. A 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. A
【导语】本文主要讲述了日常生活中的良好礼仪。
1. 句意：我们应该学会在公共场合举止恰当地。
properly恰当地；carelessly粗心地；noisily吵闹地；differently不同地。根据上文“Good manners are very important in our daily life.”可知，我们在公共场合需要举止得体，故选A。
2. 句意：当我们等公交车时，我们应该耐心地排队等候。
quickly快速地；patiently耐心地；loudly大声地；happily开心地。根据下文“We mustn’t push others or jump the line.”可知，等车时需要耐心排队，不能推挤或插队，故选B。
3. 句意：当我们在餐馆吃饭时，我们不应该大声地说话。
quietly安静地；politely礼貌地；loudly大声地；happily开心地。根据就餐礼仪常识可知，在餐馆吃饭时不应大声喧哗，故选C。
4. 句意：我的父母总是告诉我，当我向别人求助或从别人那里得到东西时，要说“请”和“谢谢”。
never从不；always总是；sometimes有时；seldom很少。根据“My parents...tell me to say “please” and “thank you” when I ask for help or get something from others.”可知，父母会经常教导我们使用礼貌用语，故选B。
5. 句意：如果我们不能遵守承诺，我们应该立刻向别人道歉。
at once立刻；on time按时；in time及时；for time此搭配。根据上文“We should also keep our word when we make a promise.”可知，无法遵守承诺时应立刻道歉，故选A。
6. 句意：如果有人挡住了我们的路，我们应该说“打扰一下”，而不是把他/她推开。
away离开；off离开；out出去；in在里面。根据上文“say ‘excuse me’ instead of pushing him or her”可知，打扰别人应说“打扰”，结合instead可知，后面行为不礼貌，是推开别人，固定搭配是“push…away”，故选A。
7. 句意：如果每个人都有礼貌，我们的世界会变成一个更好的地方。
worse更糟的；busier更忙的；better更好的；noisier更吵闹的。根据下文“We will feel more comfortable and happy when we are with each other.”可知，良好的礼仪会让世界变得更好，故选C。
8. 句意：我们也可以交到更多的朋友，因为人们都喜欢和有良好礼仪的人待在一起。
habits习惯；manners礼仪；hobbies爱好；skills技能。根据文章标题“Good Manners in Our Life”及全文主旨可知，人们喜欢和有礼貌的人相处，故选B。
9. 句意：让我们从小事做起，在生活中遵循良好的礼仪。
learn学习；teach教；follow遵循；forget忘记。根据上文“We just need to remember them and follow them every day.”可知，我们需要在生活中遵循良好的礼仪，故选C。
10. 句意：我们相信良好的礼仪将使我们的生活更加丰富多彩和有意义。
meaningful有意义的；boring无聊的；tiring累人的；difficult困难的。根据“make our life more pleasant”及“more colourful and…”可知，与前面单词colourful并列表示积极意义，说明良好的礼仪会让生活更有意义，故选A。
二、阅读理解
Passage 3
China is a nation of etiquette (礼仪). Chinese people are among the most hospitable people in the world. If foreigners visit a Chinese family, they will be surprised at the warm welcome.
When you visit a Chinese family, the host usually makes tea for you. Then he will serve (提供) you snacks and fruits. Someone in the family will also chat with you, never letting you feel lonely.
At the same time, other family members will prepare a meal for you. Chinese people treat (招待) their guests with a big meal. They always present more food than the guest can eat. On the table, the guests must be the first to eat. Perhaps one of the most surprising things for western guests is that the Chinese host likes to pick up food for visitors. This won’t happen at western tables. Chinese families go out of their way to make you feel at home. As you finish eating, the host usually says, “It seems that you didn’t eat much. Please have more.” Although you tell them you are full, they still put more food in your bowl.
Being warm and hospitable has long been an important part of Chinese culture and tradition. As Confucius said thousands of years ago: How happy we are, to meet friends from far away!
1. In a Chinese family, the host usually offers guests ________.
A．juice and candy B．juice and cakes
C．tea and fruits D．milk and tea
2. What’s the meaning of the words by Confucius at the end of the text
A．学而时习之，不亦说乎？
B．有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？
C．人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎？
D．己所不欲，勿施于人。
3. What’s the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
4. What is the text mainly about
A．Where Chinese people usually go.
B．How Chinese people treat the guests.
C．What food Chinese people like to eat.
D．Why Chinese people invite the guests to their house.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国作为礼仪之邦，在家庭待客方面的传统习俗，包括待客的具体做法、餐桌礼仪以及热情好客的文化内涵。
1. 细节理解题。根据“When you visit a Chinese family, the host usually makes tea for you. Then he will serve you snacks and fruits.”可知，中国家庭的主人通常会为客人提供茶和水果。故选C。
2. 词句猜测题。文章结尾引用孔子的话“How happy we are, to meet friends from far away!”，意思是“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？”，与选项B的内容一致。故选B。
3. 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段总起段，点明中国是礼仪之邦，待客热情；第二段和第三段具体介绍待客的做法和餐桌礼仪；第四段总结段，升华主题，强调热情好客是中国文化的重要部分。故选C。
4. 主旨大意题。文章从主人奉茶、准备大餐、餐桌礼仪等方面，详细介绍了中国人如何招待客人，核心是展示中国的待客之道。故选B。
Passage 4
For centuries, China has been known as “a state of ceremony”, which means Liyi Zhibang. There was much greeting etiquette in ancient China. And the fist-and-palm salute (拱手礼) was quite a classic example. Today, although Chinese people usually shake hands when meeting friends and relatives, people still make fist-and-palm salutes when they are paying a visit to someone during the Spring Festival or attending someone’s wedding or birthday party.
The fist-and-palm salute has a history of more than 3,000 years. Since the Western Zhou Dynasty, people had already performed it when meeting peers (同辈). In ancient times, if people met a stranger, they would prepare for a fight if necessary, and their hands were always ready for holding any weapon (武器). Holding hands together pointed towards themselves was a gesture of saying “relax”, meaning “I’m not with any weapon and I’m not here to pick a fight”. Later, it became the etiquette when people met each other or showed thanks.
So, how should people do the fist-and-palm salute properly Firstly, stand at attention. If you’re a man, make a half fist (拳) with your right hand, then hold the right hand with your left hand in front of your chest, look at the person, raise both hands to the eyebrows (眉毛), bend down and keep the gesture steady without shaking. At the same time, you can also say some lucky greeting words. If you’re a woman, you should do it the other way which should be the right hand on the top.
People may be more familiar with the hold-fist salute, called bao quan li in Chinese. It is widely used among the kung fu masters and students. This gesture is formed by holding the right fist very tightly closed and covering it with the left hand open, and extending both arms a little forward in front of the chest. Make sure the left thumb (拇指) is close to the index finger (食指) and don’t point it at yourself, as it shows impoliteness.
1. What does the underlined word “etiquette” in Paragraph 1 mean
A．Need. B．Manners. C．Dances. D．Groups.
2. Which picture shows the CORRECT way for women to do the fist-and-palm salute
A． B． C． D．
3. If Mike wants to do the hold-fist salute, he should ________.
A．keep his right hand open
B．put his right hand on his left hand
C．not point his left thumb at himself
D．not hold out his arms
4. What can we learn from the passage
A．There are no standards for these two salutes.
B．The fist-and-palm salute is more common in kung fu.
C．Now, people celebrate one’s birthday with the hold-fist salute.
D．These two salutes seem similar, but they are quite different.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C 4. D
【导语】本文介绍了中国传统的拱手礼和抱拳礼的历史起源、正确做法以及文化内涵，说明了这两种礼仪的相似之处与核心区别。
1. 词句猜测题。根据第1段中“greeting etiquette”及后文对“拱手礼”的介绍可知，“etiquette”指的是“礼仪、礼节”，与“manners”含义一致。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。根据第3段中“If you’re a woman, you should do it the other way which should be the right hand on the top.”可知，女性行拱手礼时，右手应放在上方。故选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据第4段中“Make sure the left thumb is close to the index finger and don’t point it at yourself, as it shows impoliteness.”可知，行抱拳礼时，不要用左手拇指指向自己。故选C。
4. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了拱手礼和抱拳礼的不同做法与文化内涵，说明二者看似相似，但实际有明显区别。选项A错误（文中明确给出了标准），选项B错误（抱拳礼在功夫中更常见），选项C错误（文中未提及用抱拳礼庆祝生日）。故选D。
三、选词填空
Passage 5
选词填空
shake in wait thank never manner example try kind kiss
Good manners are very important in our daily life. Everyone likes a person with good 1 . But what are good manners
Here are some 2 . A person with good manners 3 laughs at others in trouble. Instead, he always 4 to help them. When he takes a bus and sees an old man, he always gives his seat to him. He 5 in line and never pushes 6 before others. If he gets help from others, he says, “ 7 you.”
Good manners are not always the same in different countries. For example, people in Western countries usually 8 each other to show their greetings. In China, people usually 9 hands with each other. But remember that it is always right to be 10 and helpful to others.
【答案】
1. manners 2. examples 3. never 4. tries 5. waits 6. in 7. Thank 8. kiss 9. shake 10. kind
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了良好礼仪在日常生活中的重要性，介绍了良好礼仪的表现，还指出不同国家礼仪有差异，但善良助人总是没错的。
1. 句意：每个人都喜欢有良好礼仪的人。根据“Good manners are very important in our daily life.”和备选词汇可知，此处指有良好礼仪的人，考查manner“礼仪”，可数名词；空格前没有限定词，这里应用名词复数形式manners。故填manners。
2. 句意：这里有一些例子。根据“But what are good manners ”和备选词汇可知，此处是说有一些例子，考查example“例子”，可数名词；空格前有“some”，这里应用名词复数形式examples。故填examples。
3. 句意：一个有良好礼仪的人从不嘲笑处于困境中的人。根据“A person with good manners…laughs at others in trouble.”和备选词汇可知，此处指从不嘲笑他人，考查never“从不”，副词，在句中作状语。故填never。
4. 句意：相反，他总是尽力帮助他们。根据“Instead, he always…to help them.”和备选词汇可知，此处考查try to do sth.“尽力做某事”，动词；句子陈述现在的情况，时态应用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式tries。故填tries。
5. 句意：他排队等候，从不在别人面前插队。根据“He…in line”和备选词汇可知，此处考查wait in line“排队等候”，动词；句子陈述现在的情况，时态应用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式waits。故填waits。
6. 句意：他排队等候，从不在别人面前插队。根据“pushes…before others”和备选词汇可知，此处考查push in“插队”，动词短语。故填in。
7. 句意：如果他得到别人的帮助，他会说：“谢谢你。”根据“If he gets help from others, he says, ‘…you.’”和备选词汇可知，此处指说“谢谢你”，考查thank“感谢”，动词；句子陈述现在的情况，时态应用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式，且首字母大写为Thank。故填Thank。
8. 句意：例如，西方国家的人们通常互相亲吻以表示问候。根据“people in Western countries usually…each other to show their greetings”和备选词汇可知，此处指互相亲吻，考查kiss“亲吻”，动词；句子陈述现在的情况，时态应用一般现在时，主语为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填kiss。
9. 句意：在中国，人们通常互相握手。根据“In China, people usually…hands with each other.”和备选词汇可知，此处考查shake hands“握手”，动词短语；句子陈述现在的情况，时态应用一般现在时，主语为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填shake。
10. 句意：但是记住，对别人友善和乐于助人总是正确的。根据“and helpful to others”和备选词汇可知，此处指对别人友善，考查kind“友善的”，形容词，在句中作表语。故填kind。
Passage 6
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯（有两个多余）。
greet, custom, polite, bow, hug, behave, visit, different, friendly, welcome, like, difference
Last year, I went to 1 my cousin in South Korea. I was excited but also worried about the 2 between China and South Korea.
On the first day, when I met my cousin’s family, they 3 me with a deep bow. I didn’t know what to do at first, so I just stood there. Then my cousin told me that bowing is a 4 way to greet people there.
Later, I learned that in South Korea, people also pay attention to how to 5 at the table. For example, you shouldn’t start eating before the elders. And you shouldn’t talk loudly while eating.
One day, we went to a park. I met a local girl. She was very 6 and wanted to make friends with me. She tried to 7 me, but I remembered that in South Korea, people usually don’t hug strangers. So I bowed to her instead. She smiled and said I was 8 .
I stayed there for a month. During that time, I learned many 9 . I realized that understanding other cultures can help us get on well with people from 10 countries.
【答案】
1. visit 2. differences 3. greeted 4. polite 5. behave 6. friendly 7. hug 8. welcome 9. customs 10. different
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者去年去韩国看望表哥的经历，介绍了中韩在礼仪、餐桌举止等方面的文化差异。
1. 句意：去年，我去韩国看望我的表哥。根据“went to...my cousin in South Korea”及备选词可知，去韩国的目的是拜访亲人，visit“看望、拜访”符合语境。故填visit。
2. 句意：我很兴奋，但也担心中韩之间的差异。根据“between China and South Korea”及备选词可知，两国之间存在不同之处，differences“差异、不同之处”符合语境。故填differences。
3. 句意：第一天，当我见到表哥的家人时，他们深深鞠躬问候我。根据“me with a deep bow”及备选词可知，鞠躬是用来打招呼问候，文章讲述过去的事用一般过去时，greeted“问候”符合语境。故填greeted。
4. 句意：然后表哥告诉我，鞠躬在那里是一种礼貌的问候方式。根据“way to greet people”及备选词可知，鞠躬是礼貌的行为，polite“礼貌的”符合语境。故填polite。
5. 句意：后来我了解到，在韩国，人们也注重在餐桌上如何表现。根据“at the table”及备选词可知，在餐桌前需要注意言行举止，behave“表现、举止”符合语境。故填behave。
6. 句意：她非常友好，想和我交朋友。根据“wanted to make friends with me”及备选词可知，想交朋友说明性格友好，friendly“友好的”符合语境。故填friendly。
7. 句意：她试图拥抱我，但我记得在韩国人们通常不拥抱陌生人。根据“people usually don’t hug strangers”及备选词可知，对方做出的动作是拥抱，hug“拥抱”符合语境。故填hug。
8. 句意：她笑了，说我很受欢迎。根据“She smiled and said I was…”及备选词可知，对方对我表示接纳与欢迎，welcome“受欢迎的”符合语境。故填welcome。
9. 句意：在那期间，我学到了很多风俗习惯。空格处位于动词learned之后，结合后文提到的“I realized that understanding other cultures can help us get on well with people”可知，理解其他国家的文化，同时学到很多风俗习惯，结合备选词提示，英文单词是customs“风俗习惯”，符合语境，故填customs。
10. 句意：我意识到了解其他文化能帮助我们和来自不同国家的人友好相处。根据“countries”及备选词可知，指来自不一样的国家，different“不同的”符合语境。故填different。
Passage 7
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
in avoid while make cover fork usual kiss respect private
Every country has its own special customs and manners.
In Japan, people usually bow to greet each other. A small bow might mean a simple hello, 1 a deep and long bow shows more respect. When you enter a Japanese house or some 2 places, you have to take off your shoes.
In France, friends often greet with a 3 on the cheek. French people also pay much attention to table manners. For example, people should use the knives and 4 in the right order.
In Saudi Arabia, people have to dress properly. Men usually wear long traditional robes. Women need to 5 their bodies and heads when they are in public. Their greetings are 6 more formal and sometimes include special words.
In India, it is very important to 7 old people. Young people often touch the feet of the elders to show their respect. Also, 8 some situations, people think the left hand isn’t clean, so they mainly use the right hand to eat and to give or receive things.
Knowing and respecting these different customs and manners helps us make friends with people from other countries and 9 making mistakes in communication. It 10 us understand more about different cultures in the world and makes cross-cultural communication better.
【答案】
1. while 2. private 3. kiss 4. forks 5. cover 6. usually 7. respect 8. in 9. avoid 10. makes
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了日本、法国、沙特阿拉伯和印度等国家的不同风俗习惯和礼仪规范，强调了了解和尊重文化差异对国际交流的重要性。
1. 句意：一个小小的鞠躬可能意味着简单的问候，而一个深而长的鞠躬则表示更多的尊重。分析句子结构，前后两个分句存在对比关系。故填while。
2. 句意：当你进入一所日本房子或一些私人场所时，你必须脱鞋。空处修饰名词places，private“私人的”符合语境。故填private。
3. 句意：在法国，朋友们经常用亲吻脸颊的方式打招呼。根据“on the cheek”可知，此处指“亲吻”，a后跟可数名词单数。故填kiss。
4. 句意：例如，人们应该按正确顺序使用刀叉。根据“knives and ...”可知，此处与餐具有关，fork“叉子”符合语境，与knives并列，应使用复数形式。故填forks。
5. 句意：女性在公共场合需要遮盖身体和头部。need to do sth.“需要做某事”，空处用动词原形，cover“遮盖”符合语境。故填cover。
6. 句意：她们的问候通常更正式，有时还包含特殊的词语。修饰形容词formal，应用副词形式，usually“通常”符合语境。故填usually。
7. 句意：在印度，尊敬老人非常重要。此处为句型“It is + adj. + to do sth.”，空处用动词原形，respect“尊敬”符合语境。故填respect。
8. 句意：同样，在某些情况下，人们认为左手不干净。表示“在一些情况下”应用介词in。故填in。
9. 句意：了解和尊重这些不同的风俗习惯有助于我们与来自其他国家的人交朋友，并避免在交流中犯错。空处与make并列，应用动词原形，avoid“避免”符合语境，avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”。故填avoid。
10. 句意：它让我们更了解世界上的不同文化，使跨文化交流变得更好。此处为一般现在时，主语It为第三人称单数，空处用动词三单形式。故填makes。
四、语法填空
Passage 8
In China, table culture is part of each meal, whether it is in a restaurant or in someone’s home. Learning 1 (act) properly at the table will make people around us more comfortable. Then 2 should we pay attention to when dining
The first one is the order of seats. Usually, round tables are the first 3 (choose) for Chinese dining. The seat facing the door is the best one, usually for the main guest. As for the other seats, the 4 (close) they are to the main guest, the better they are.
Second, if we are the host, we should arrive earlier at the door and introduce them to their seats. If we are invited to the meal, we should listen to the host and take 5 seat.
Third, we shouldn’t ask the 6 (waiter) the dishes’ prices or bargain (讨价还价) with them when we order, which shows we are not generous. And that makes guests 7 (feel) uncomfortable.
The last point to note is about eating manners. It is 8 (polite) to urge (力劝) guests to take the dish, but it’s acceptable to introduce the special dish. Whether they eat or not 9 (depend) on themselves. It’s also unwise to take a dish for guests, 10 we are not sure whether they like it.
【答案】
1. to act 2. what 3. choice 4. closer 5. a 6. waiters 7. feel 8. impolite 9. depends 10. because
【导语】本文就就餐时需要注意的事项给出了一些建议。
1. 句意：学会在餐桌上有得体的举止会让我们周围的人感到更加自在。根据“Learning”可知，此处是说学会得体的举止，learn to do sth.“学会做某事”。故填to act。
2. 句意：那么，在用餐时我们应该注意些什么呢？根据“should we pay attention to”可知，此处是说该注意些什么，应用疑问词what，意为“什么”。故填what。
3. 句意：通常情况下，圆桌是中国人用餐的首选。choose“选择”，动词，根据“the first...”可知，此处是说第一个选择，使用其名词choice，意为“选择”。故填choice。
4. 句意：对于其他座位，位置越靠近主宾越好。根据“the better they are”可知，此处应使用结构“the+比较级，the+比较级”，意为“越……，越……”，close此处作形容词，意为“近的”，其比较级为closer，意为“更近的”。故填closer。
5. 句意：如果是我们受邀参加宴会，我们应该听从主人的安排，选择一个座位就坐。句中“seat”为可数名词，以辅音音素开头，且此处表示泛指，用不定冠词a。故填a。
6. 句意：第三，我们不应该在点餐时询问服务员菜品的价格，也不应该与他们讨价还价，因为这表明我们不够大方。waiter“服务生”，可数名词，根据“bargain (讨价还价) with them”可知，此处是说别问服务员价格，也不和他们讨价还价，应用复数形式。故填waiters。
7. 句意：这样做会让客人感到不自在。句中“makes”意为“让”，make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，此处用原形。故填feel。
8. 句意：强迫客人去吃某道菜是不礼貌的，但介绍特色菜品是可以的。根据“but it’s acceptable to introduce the special dish”可知，此处是说强迫客人去吃某道菜是不礼貌的，使用形容词polite的反义词impolite，意为“不礼貌的”。故填impolite。
9. 句意：他们是否食用取决于他们自己。depend“依赖”，动词，句中从句“Whether they eat or not”作主语，为第三人称单数，且此句为一般现在时，depend用第三人称单数。depend on“取决于”。故填depends。
10. 句意：而且，为客人夹菜也是不明智的，因为我们无法确定他们是否喜欢那道菜。前句“It’s also unwise to take a dish for guests”和“we are not sure whether they like it”构成因果关系，后句表示原因，使用because引导原因状语从句，故填because。
Passage 9
根据短文内容，在空格上填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
These days, Chai Wanbin, who carries his mother on his back, has become popular on social media. There are some photos about their travels to Tian’anmen Square and other places around the country 1 (spread) online. He has been carrying his mother for years and recording their travels through short videos. These experiences have made millions of people feel 2 (move).
Chai Wanbin was just eight years old when his mother had 3 terrible car accident that caused her to be unable to move. His mother later got cerebral atrophy (脑萎缩) because of the car accident.
Growing up, he worked in the fields picking cotton and opened his own restaurant in Xinjiang. Most of the money was used for his mother’s recovery (康复). His hard work seemed to pay 4 because his mother could leave the bed to sit in a wheelchair and even take a few small steps 5 (slow). However, a few years ago, Chai Wanbin got the terrible news that his mother’s illness had become 6 (bad). At that moment, he was so sad that he decided to try his best 7 (spend) more time with her.
Instead of just focusing on his business, Chai Wanbin sold his house and his car for money so he could take his mother on trips around China. So far, they 8 (visit) several places in Xinjiang, including Tianshan Mountain and Tianchi Lake, as well as Tian’anmen Square and the Great Wall in Beijing. 9 the elderly woman can no longer speak, she always smiles when they travel. The smile also brings joy to her loving son, who recalls how sad she used to be when limited to her bed.
“Love doesn’t wait, filial piety (孝道) is never late, and putting filial piety into 10 (act) is my answer,” Chai Wanbin said. “My mother carried me when I was a child, and now I carry her.”
【答案】
1. spread 2. moved 3. a 4. off 5. slowly 6. worse 7. to spend 8. have visited 9. Though/Although 10. action
【导语】本文介绍了柴万斌背负母亲环游中国的感人事迹。他因在社交媒体上分享背母旅行的照片和短视频而走红，多年来坚持用行动践行孝道：在母亲因车祸导致行动不便并患上脑萎缩后，他辛勤工作支撑母亲康复；母亲病情恶化后，他变卖房产车辆，带母亲游览新疆天山、天池及北京天安门、长城等地。尽管母亲无法言语，旅途中却始终微笑，这让柴万斌倍感欣慰。他通过“爱不等待，孝不嫌晚”的言行，诠释了反哺之恩的深刻意义。
1. 句意：网上流传着一些他们前往天安门广场以及全国各地旅行的照片。句子主干是“There are some photos...”，“about their travels to Tian’anmen Square and other places around the country”修饰photos，这里需要动词非谓语形式作宾语补足语或后置定语，补充说明photos的状态。photos和spread之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词形式spread。故填spread。
2. 句意：这些经历让数百万人感动。feel是系动词，后接形容词作表语。move的形容词形式有moved和moving，moved通常用来形容人“感动的”，moving通常用来形容事物“令人感动的”。这里说的是“millions of people”的感受，所以用moved。故填moved。
3. 句意：柴万斌八岁时，他的母亲遭遇了一场可怕的车祸，导致她无法行动。car accident是可数名词单数，这里表示“一场可怕的车祸”，用不定冠词表示泛指，terrible是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用a。故填a。
4. 句意：他的努力工作似乎有了回报，因为他的母亲可以下床坐在轮椅上，甚至还能慢慢地走几步。pay off是固定短语，意为“得到回报”，这里指他的努力工作有了好的结果，母亲的情况有所好转。故填off。
5. 句意：他的努力工作似乎有了回报，因为他的母亲可以下床坐在轮椅上，甚至还能慢慢地走几步。take steps是动词短语，意为“走路”，这里需要用副词修饰动词take，表示“慢慢地走”，slow的副词形式是slowly。故填slowly。
6. 句意：然而，几年前，柴万斌得到了一个可怕的消息，他母亲的病情变得更严重了。根据语境可知，这里是将母亲现在的病情和之前的病情作比较，表示“更严重了”，用bad的比较级worse。故填worse。
7. 句意：那一刻，他非常伤心，决定尽他最大的努力多花些时间陪她。“try one’s best to do sth.”是固定短语，意为“尽力做某事”，所以这里用动词不定式to spend。故填to spend。
8. 句意：到目前为止，他们已经游览了新疆的几个地方，包括天山和天池，以及北京的天安门广场和长城。so far意为“到目前为止”，是现在完成时的标志词，现在完成时的结构是“have/has+过去分词”，主语they是复数，所以用have visited。故填have visited。
9. 句意：尽管这位老妇人不能再说话了，但他们在旅行时她总是面带微笑。根据语境可知，“the elderly woman can no longer speak”和“she always smiles when they travel”之间是让步关系，用though或although引导让步状语从句，句首首字母大写。故填Though/Although。
10. 句意：“爱不等待，孝道永远不会晚，把孝道付诸行动就是我的答案，”柴万斌说。put...into action是固定短语，意为“把……付诸行动”，所以这里用act的名词形式action。故填action。
Passage 10
阅读下面短文，在空白处填一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
An old villager let other villagers carry salt to a town to sell it and buy food for the winter. One night, they camped in a mountain. The old villager 1 (take) out some salt and threw it into the campfire to foretell the changes of weather in the mountains.
The other villagers waited for the old man’s weather report. 2 the salt in the fire produced crackling (噼啪声), they would have good weather; if there 3 (be) no sound, it then meant a storm would come at any moment.
The salt in the campfire didn’t make 4 (some) sounds at all. The old man asked the whole team 5 (set) out at once after daybreak. A young man in the group, however, said that they should not set out in such a hurry because he thought foretelling the weather by 6 (use) salt was silly.
It was not until the next afternoon that the young man caught up on the wisdom of the old man when the weather suddenly changed, 7 cold winds blowing and a snowstorm coming.
In fact, modern science could explain 8 (good) the way used by the old villager: whether 9 not salt produces sound in a campfire depends on air humidity. When a storm is coming, the wet salt blocks 10 (not make) any sounds in the fire because of high humidity.
Young people often look down upon the philosophy of the old. However, some beliefs in life are just like salt from the sea. It carries great memories of the sea.
【答案】
1. took 2. If 3. was 4. any 5. to set 6. using 7. with 8. well 9. or 10. won’t make
【导语】本文主要介绍了一位老村民利用盐来预测天气变化的智慧以及背后的科学原理。
1. 句意：老村民拿出一些盐扔进篝火里来预测山里天气的变化。根据“One night”可知，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填took。
2. 句意：如果火里的盐发出噼啪声，他们就会有好天气。根据“the salt in the fire produced crackling (噼啪声), they would have good weather”可知，如果火里的盐发出噼啪声，他们就会有好天气，用if引导条件状语从句。故填If。
3. 句意：如果没有声音，那就意味着暴风雨随时会来临。根据“there...no sound”可知，此处是there be句型，句子是一般过去时，sound是单数形式，be动词用was。故填was。
4. 句意：篝火里的盐一点声音也没有。some用于肯定句，此句是否定句，应填any。故填any。
5. 句意：老人要求队伍在黎明后立即出发。ask sb to do sth“要求某人做某事”。故填to set。
6. 句意：然而，小组中的一名年轻人说，他们不应该如此匆忙地出发，因为他认为用盐来预测天气是愚蠢的。by是介词，后接动名词。故填using。
7. 句意：直到第二天下午，当天气突然变化，寒风凛冽，暴风雪来临，这个年轻人才明白了老人的智慧。根据“cold winds blowing and a snowstorm coming”可知，此处是with的复合结构，表示伴随。故填with。
8. 句意：事实上，现代科学可以很好地解释老村民使用的方法。此空修饰动词explain，应填副词well，用以客观陈述现代科学具备解释的能力。故填well。
9. 句意：盐在篝火中是否发出声音取决于空气湿度。whether or not“是否”，固定搭配。故填or。
10. 句意：当暴风雨来临时，潮湿的盐会因为湿度高而不会在火中发出任何声音。本句可理解为含有时间状语从句的复合句，主句用一般将来时的否定形式won’t make。故填won’t make。
五、书面表达
人无礼则不生，事无礼则不成，国无礼则不宁。礼貌是中华文明的重要体现，承载着中华文化的精髓。礼貌不仅是我们与他人相处的基本原则，也有助于我们树立良好的个人形象。你校举办了一个主题为“Politeness”的征文活动，请结合你的经历，写一篇英语短文。
内容包括：●your opinion about politeness
●one of your stories about politeness
●what you have learned from it
要求：词数80—100。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
It’s important and necessary to be polite in our daily lives. Generally, polite people always get respect from others.
Last Friday, when I ran out of the classroom, I ran into my teacher. Instead of just walking away, I stopped quickly and helped her pick up things. After that, I said sorry to her and promised that I would be careful next time. Hearing that, she smiled warmly. From that day on, our relationship improved. She began to notice my efforts and praised me in class. As a result, I studied harder and became more confident.
From this experience, I have learned that politeness can not only lead to respect but also help us get along well with others.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态主要为“一般现在时和一般过去时”；
③提示：根据要点提示进行写作，可适当发挥，注意行文连贯，表述完整。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表达自己对礼貌的看法；
第二步，介绍一次关于礼貌的个人经历；
第三步，表达自己从这次经历中学到的道理。
[亮点词汇]
①run into撞上
②pick up捡起
③as a result因此
[高分句型]
①Last Friday, when I ran out of the classroom, I ran into my teacher. (when引导时间状语从句)
②From this experience, I have learned that politeness can not only lead to respect but also help us get along well with others. (that引导宾语从句)
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