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Unit 5 Good manners
八年级
译林版2024
下
课文解析二
1.But if you are in another country,my advice: when in Rome, do as the Romans do.
但如果你在另一个国家，我的建议是：入乡随俗。
[用法讲解]advice为不可数名词，译为"建议"，可以用much,a little等词修饰。
[常见搭配]a piece of advice一条建议
some advice一些建议
Eg: I need some advice about how to learn English.
我需要一些关于如何学英语的建议。
[派生词]advice的动词形式为advise，译为"建议".
[常见搭配]advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事
Eg: She advised me to go there by bus.
她建议我坐公交车去那。
[知识拓展]suggestion为可数名词，译为"建议"，可以用many, a few等词修饰。
Eg:There are many suggestionsfor improving the workflow.
有许多改进工作流程的建议。
[常见搭配]make a suggestion提出建议
accept a suggestion接受建议
Eg: May I make a suggestion about the schedule
我可以对日程安排提个建议吗
They accepted my suggestion to reduce costs.
我们接受了我消减成本的建议。
[派生词] suggest为动词，译为"建议".
[常见搭配]suggest doing sth.建议做某事
Eg: I suggest going for a walk after dinner.
我建议晚饭后去散步。
注意：suggest后接that从句，从句中谓语动词用原形。
Eg: I suggest that you ask for advice.
我建议你咨询建议。
[即学即用]
( )My parents gave me a lot of good___when I was growing up.
A.advice B.advise C.suggestions D.suggest
A
2.Don't walk too fast in case you run into someone.不要走太快，以免撞到别人。
[用法讲解] case为名词，译为"情况，案例，箱子"等；case还可为动词，译为"把...装入箱中".
Eg:This is a classic case of miscommunication.
这是沟通不畅的典型案例。
The police are investigating the case.
警方正在调查此案。
She packed her books in a wooden case.
她把书装进木箱里。
[常见搭配]in case以防，万一
in any case无论如何
in no case绝不
Eg: Take an umbrella in case it rains.
带把伞以防下雨。
In any case, we must finish the project by Friday.
无论如何，我们必须周五前完成项目。
In no case should you ignore safely rules.
你绝不能忽视安全规则。
[即学即用]
我会买些零食，以防客人来了。
I'll buy some snacks____________guests come.
in case
3.He would never lie or cheat.你从不撒谎或欺骗。
[用法讲解]lie作动词译为"平躺"等时，其过去式为lay，过去分词为lain;lie作动词，译为"说谎"时过去式为lied，过去分词为lied;lie还可作名词，译为"谎言".
Eg: The cat is lying on the floor.
猫躺在地板上。
He lied about his grades.
他撒谎了关于他的成绩。
He told a lie to cover up his mistake.
他撒谎来掩盖他的错误。
[常见搭配]tell a lie说谎
lie to sb.对某人说话
lie down躺下
lie in bed 躺在床上
the lie of the land形势，局势
Eg: You shouldn't tell a lie.
你不应该说谎。
Don't lie to me!
别对我说谎!
Let me lie down for a rest.
让我躺下休息一会儿。
He was lying in bed, sound asleep.
他正躺在床上，睡得很香。
Before making a decision, we need to know the lie of the land.
在做决定之前，我们需要了解局势。
[即学即用]
1.我累了。我需要躺一会儿休息一下。
I'm tired. I need to _____________for a while.
( )2.He______a layer of hay in the field.
lie down
D
4.He was toohonest totake others' things, even though no one knew who owned the pear tree.
他太诚实了，不会拿别人的东西，即使没人知道这棵梨树是谁的。
[用法讲解]own此处为形容词，译为"自己的，本人的",own也可作动词，译为"拥有".
Eg:I have my own car.
我有自己的车。
She wants to have a place of her own.
她想要拥有自己的地方。
He owned a new car.
他拥有一辆新车。
[常见搭配]one's own+名词某人自己的...
on one's own独自地，靠自己
Eg: This is my own room.
这是我自己的房间。
She decided to learn to drive on her own.
她决定自学开车。
[派生词]owner为可数名词，译为"主人，拥有者".
Eg: Jane is the owner of the house.
简使这栋房子的主人。
[即学即用]
( )1.Jack has his _____ cows and horses. He is an___ of a farm.
A.owns;own B.own;owner
C.owner;own D.own;own
2.I met the __________(own) of the local cafe yesterday, he's a really nice guy.
B
owner
5.It may harm the artwork.这可能会损坏艺术作品。
[用法讲解]harm为名词动词，译为"对..有害";harm也可为动词，译为"伤害".
Eg: Hard work never did anyone any harm.
努力工作对任何人都绝无害处。
Pollution can harm marine life.
污染会危及海洋生物。
[常见搭配] do harm to sb.对某人有害
Eg: He did harm to me intentionally.
他故意对我造成伤害。
[派生词]harmful为形容词，译为"有害的".
Eg: Harmful chemicals were released into the air.
有害化学物质被释放到空气中。
[常见搭配]be harmful to do sth.对...有害
It is harmful to do sth.做某事是有害的
Eg: Smoking is harmful to your health.
吸烟对你的健康有害。
It is harmful to drink too much alcohol.
喝太多的酒有害。
[即学即用]
1.躺在床上看书对你的眼睛是有害的。
Reading bed will_____________your eyes.
2.Tears help to protect the eye from potentially __________(harm) foreign bodies.
do harm to
harmful
6.This is quite impolite because it will trouble other visitors.
这很不礼貌，因为这会打扰其他参观者。
[用法讲解]trouble为可数名词，译为"困难，烦恼，麻烦事"等，其复数形式为troubles; trouble还可为动词，译为"使忧虑，使苦恼".
Eg:The student's failing grades troubled his parents deeply.
这个学生成绩不及格使其父母深感忧虑。
Scientists are putting a good face on the troubles.
科学家们对这些困难似乎不以为意。
I'm having trouble finding anything new to say on this subject.
在这个课题上要提出什么新看法，我有困难。
[常见搭配] have trouble (in) doing sth. 在做某事方面有困难
get into trouble陷入麻烦
get out of trouble走出困境
make trouble惹事生非
be in trouble处于困境中
take the trouble不怕费力
Eg: I have troubleunderstanding the instructions.
他理解这些指示有困难。
She got into trouble with the law.
她惹上了官司。
With his help, I got out of trouble quickly.
在他的帮助下，我很快走出了困境。
He always makes trouble for others.
他总是给别人惹麻烦。
He is in trouble and needs our help.
他遇到了麻烦，需要我们的帮助。
He took the trouble to explain the problem to me.
他不怕费力地向我解释了这个问题。
[即学即用]
1.I have trouble_________________(understand)this passage.
2.别惹事，否则你会有麻烦的。
Don't _______________, or you will________________.
understanding
make trouble get into trouble
7.Do not rush your meal unless you have to leave in a hurry.
除非你得匆忙离开，否则不要匆忙用餐。
[用法讲解] hurry在此处为名词，译为"匆忙"; hurry还可为动词，译为"催促，匆忙".
Eg: She hurried to finish her homework before dinner.
她匆忙在晚饭前完成作业。
Don't hurry the cook or the food will be ruined.
别催厨师，否则食物会做坏。
In his hurry, he forgot the keys.
匆忙中他忘了带钥匙。
[常见搭配] do sth. in a hurry = hurry to do sth.匆忙做某事
hurry up赶快，快点
hurry sb.to do sth.催促某人做某事
Eg: He hurried to get the doctor.= He get the doctor in a hurry.
他急忙去请医生。
Hurry up, or you'll be late.
快点，不然要迟到了。
Don't hurry him to drive beyond the speed limit.
不要催他开车超过规定车速。
[派生词] hurried为形容词，译为"匆忙的";
hurriedly为副词，译为"匆忙地";
Eg: She gave a hurried reply before leaving the meeting.
她在离开会议前匆忙给出了答复。
He hurriedly packed his bags to catch the last train.
他匆忙收拾行李去赶末班车。
[即学即用]
He hurried__________(call) an ambulance after the accident.
to call
8.When you are about to leave, don't forget to say "thank you".
当你即将离开时，不要忘记说"谢谢"。
[用法讲解]be about to译为"即将，正要(做某事)".
Eg: The plane is about to take off. Please fasten your seat belt.
飞机即将起飞，请系好安全带。
[常见搭配] be about to do sth. when...正要做某事，这时...
Eg: He was about to go to bed when there was a knock at the door.
他正要上床睡觉，这时有人敲门。
[即学即用]
我正要离开，这时电话响了。
I________________leave when the phone rang.
was about to
9.We should follow these rules to make sure that both guests and hosts are comfortable at the table.
我们应该遵守这些规则，以确保客人和主人在餐桌上都感到自在。
[用法讲解] make sure译为"确保，保证"，后可接名词或that从句。
Eg:We and our friendsswill make sure of that.
我们和我们的朋友要确保这一点。
Mare sure that you join the queue inside the bank.
在银行里一定要排队。
[知识拓展] sure 可为副词，译为"当然；定；的确";sure也可为形容词，译为"一定的；确信的；有把握的".
[常见搭配] be sure + that从句=be sure to do sth."确信..."
be sure about sth."对某事确信"
Eg: I'm sure that I will pass the exam.
= I'm sure to pass the exam.
我确信通过考试。
He isn't sure about thenewword's meaning.
他不确定这个新词的意思。
[即学即用]
( )1.I______my resolutions and I make sure I will try my best to keep them.
A.am sure B.sure about
C. am sure aboutD. am sure to
2.你一定要告诉你弟弟明天练习的事。
____________to give your brother the message about practice tomorrow.
C
Make sure
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Unit 5 Good manners 课文解析二
1.But if you are in another country,my advice: when in Rome, do as the Romans do.
但如果你在另一个国家，我的建议是：入乡随俗。
[用法讲解]advice为不可数名词，译为"建议"，可以用much,a little等词修饰。
[常见搭配] a piece of advice 一条建议
some advice 一些建议
Eg: I need some advice about how to learn English.
我需要一些关于如何学英语的建议。
[派生词] advice的动词形式为advise，译为"建议".
[常见搭配]advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事
Eg: She advised me to go there by bus.
她建议我坐公交车去那。
[知识拓展]suggestion为可数名词，译为"建议"，可以用many, a few等词修饰。
Eg: There are many suggestions for improving the workflow.
有许多改进工作流程的建议。
[常见搭配] make a suggestion 提出建议
accept a suggestion接受建议
Eg: May I make a suggestion about the schedule
我可以对日程安排提个建议吗
They accepted my suggestion to reduce costs.
我们接受了我消减成本的建议。
[派生词] suggest为动词，译为"建议".
[常见搭配]suggest doing sth.建议做某事
Eg: I suggest going for a walk after dinner.
我建议晚饭后去散步。
注意：suggest后接that从句，从句中谓语动词用原形。
Eg: I suggest that you ask for advice.
我建议你咨询建议。
[即学即用]
( )My parents gave me a lot of good___when I was growing up.
A.advice B.advise C.suggestions D.suggest
答案：A
2.Don't walk too fast in case you run into someone.不要走太快，以免撞到别人。
[用法讲解] case为名词，译为"情况，案例，箱子"等；case还可为动词，译为"把...装入箱中".
Eg: This is a classic case of miscommunication.
这是沟通不畅的典型案例。
The police are investigating the case.
警方正在调查此案。
She packed her books in a wooden case.
她把书装进木箱里。
[常见搭配] in case 以防，万一
in any case 无论如何
in no case 绝不
Eg: Take an umbrella in case it rains.
带把伞以防下雨。
In any case, we must finish the project by Friday.
无论如何，我们必须周五前完成项目。
In no case should you ignore safely rules.
你绝不能忽视安全规则。
[即学即用]
我会买些零食，以防客人来了。
I'll buy some snacks______ ______guests come.
答案：in case
3.He would never lie or cheat. 你从不撒谎或欺骗。
[用法讲解]lie作动词译为"平躺"等时，其过去式为lay，过去分词为lain;lie作动词，译为"说谎"时过去式为lied，过去分词为lied;lie还可作名词，译为"谎言".
Eg: The cat is lying on the floor.
猫躺在地板上。
He lied about his grades.
他撒谎了关于他的成绩。
He told a lie to cover up his mistake.
他撒谎来掩盖他的错误。
[常见搭配] tell a lie 说谎
lie to sb. 对某人说话
lie down 躺下
lie in bed 躺在床上
the lie of the land形势，局势
Eg: You shouldn't tell a lie.
你不应该说谎。
Don't lie to me!
别对我说谎!
Let me lie down for a rest.
让我躺下休息一会儿。
He was lying in bed, sound asleep.
他正躺在床上，睡得很香。
Before making a decision, we need to know the lie of the land.
在做决定之前，我们需要了解局势。
[即学即用]
1.我累了。我需要躺一会儿休息一下。
I'm tired. I need to _____________for a while.
( )2.He______a layer of hay in the field.
答案：1.lie down 2.D
4.He was too honest to take others' things, even though no one knew who owned the pear tree.
他太诚实了，不会拿别人的东西，即使没人知道这棵梨树是谁的。
[用法讲解]own此处为形容词，译为"自己的，本人的",own也可作动词，译为"拥有".
Eg:I have my own car.
我有自己的车。
She wants to have a place of her own.
她想要拥有自己的地方。
He owned a new car.
他拥有一辆新车。
[常见搭配] one's own+名词 某人自己的...
on one's own 独自地，靠自己
Eg: This is my own room.
这是我自己的房间。
She decided to learn to drive on her own.
她决定自学开车。
[派生词]owner为可数名词，译为"主人，拥有者".
Eg: Jane is the owner of the house.
简使这栋房子的主人。
[即学即用]
( )1.Jack has his _____ cows and horses. He is an___ of a farm.
A.owns;own B.own;owner
C.owner;own D.own;own
2.I met the __________(own) of the local cafe yesterday, he's a really nice guy.
答案：1.B 2.owner
5.It may harm the artwork. 这可能会损坏艺术作品。
[用法讲解]harm为名词动词，译为"对..有害";harm也可为动词，译为"伤害".
Eg: Hard work never did anyone any harm.
努力工作对任何人都绝无害处。
Pollution can harm marine life.
污染会危及海洋生物。
[常见搭配] do harm to sb. 对某人有害
Eg: He did harm to me intentionally.
他故意对我造成伤害。
[派生词]harmful为形容词，译为"有害的".
Eg: Harmful chemicals were released into the air.
有害化学物质被释放到空气中。
[常见搭配] be harmful to do sth.对...有害
It is harmful to do sth. 做某事是有害的
Eg: Smoking is harmful to your health.
吸烟对你的健康有害。
It is harmful to drink too much alcohol.
喝太多的酒有害。
[即学即用]
1.躺在床上看书对你的眼睛是有害的。
Reading bed will_____________your eyes.
2.Tears help to protect the eye from potentially __________(harm) foreign bodies.
答案：1.do harm to 2.harmful
6.This is quite impolite because it will trouble other visitors.
这很不礼貌，因为这会打扰其他参观者。
[用法讲解] trouble为可数名词，译为"困难，烦恼，麻烦事"等，其复数形式为troubles; trouble还可为动词，译为"使忧虑，使苦恼".
Eg:The student's failing grades troubled his parents deeply.
这个学生成绩不及格使其父母深感忧虑。
Scientists are putting a good face on the troubles.
科学家们对这些困难似乎不以为意。
I'm having trouble finding anything new to say on this subject.
在这个课题上要提出什么新看法，我有困难。
[常见搭配] have trouble (in) doing sth. 在做某事方面有困难
get into trouble 陷入麻烦
get out of trouble 走出困境
make trouble 惹事生非
be in trouble 处于困境中
take the trouble 不怕费力
Eg: I have trouble understanding the instructions.
他理解这些指示有困难。
She got into trouble with the law.
她惹上了官司。
With his help, I got out of trouble quickly.
在他的帮助下，我很快走出了困境。
He always makes trouble for others.
他总是给别人惹麻烦。
He is in trouble and needs our help.
他遇到了麻烦，需要我们的帮助。
He took the trouble to explain the problem to me.
他不怕费力地向我解释了这个问题。
[即学即用]
1.I have trouble_________________(understand)this passage.
2.别惹事，否则你会有麻烦的。
Don't _______________, or you will________________.
答案：1.understanding 2.make trouble; get into trouble
7.Do not rush your meal unless you have to leave in a hurry.
除非你得匆忙离开，否则不要匆忙用餐。
[用法讲解] hurry在此处为名词，译为"匆忙"; hurry还可为动词，译为"催促，匆忙".
Eg: She hurried to finish her homework before dinner.
她匆忙在晚饭前完成作业。
Don't hurry the cook or the food will be ruined.
别催厨师，否则食物会做坏。
In his hurry, he forgot the keys.
匆忙中他忘了带钥匙。
[常见搭配] do sth. in a hurry = hurry to do sth.匆忙做某事
hurry up 赶快，快点
hurry sb.to do sth.催促某人做某事
Eg: He hurried to get the doctor.= He get the doctor in a hurry.
他急忙去请医生。
Hurry up, or you'll be late.
快点，不然要迟到了。
Don't hurry him to drive beyond the speed limit.
不要催他开车超过规定车速。
[派生词] hurried为形容词，译为"匆忙的";
hurriedly为副词，译为"匆忙地";
Eg: She gave a hurried reply before leaving the meeting.
她在离开会议前匆忙给出了答复。
He hurriedly packed his bags to catch the last train.
他匆忙收拾行李去赶末班车。
[即学即用]
He hurried__________(call) an ambulance after the accident.
答案：to call
8.When you are about to leave, don't forget to say "thank you".
当你即将离开时，不要忘记说"谢谢"。
[用法讲解] be about to译为"即将，正要(做某事)".
Eg: The plane is about to take off. Please fasten your seat belt.
飞机即将起飞，请系好安全带。
[常见搭配] be about to do sth. when... 正要做某事，这时...
Eg: He was about to go to bed when there was a knock at the door.
他正要上床睡觉，这时有人敲门。
[即学即用]
我正要离开，这时电话响了。
I________________leave when the phone rang.
答案：was about to
9.We should follow these rules to make sure that both guests and hosts are comfortable at the table.
我们应该遵守这些规则，以确保客人和主人在餐桌上都感到自在。
[用法讲解] make sure译为"确保，保证"，后可接名词或that从句。
Eg:We and our friends swill make sure of that.
我们和我们的朋友要确保这一点。
Mare sure that you join the queue inside the bank.
在银行里一定要排队。
[知识拓展] sure 可为副词，译为"当然；定；的确";sure也可为形容词，译为"一定的；确信的；有把握的".
[常见搭配] be sure + that从句=be sure to do sth."确信..."
be sure about sth."对某事确信"
Eg: I'm sure that I will pass the exam.
= I'm sure to pass the exam.
我确信通过考试。
He isn't sure about the new word's meaning.
他不确定这个新词的意思。
[即学即用]
( )1.I______my resolutions and I make sure I will try my best to keep them.
A.am sure B.sure about
C. am sure about D. am sure to
2.你一定要告诉你弟弟明天练习的事。
____________to give your brother the message about practice tomorrow.
答案：1.C 2.Make sure
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