人教版八年级下册英语Unit 8 Making a Difference 单元知识总学案课件

资源下载
  1. 二一教育资源

人教版八年级下册英语Unit 8 Making a Difference 单元知识总学案课件

资源简介

(共30张PPT)
Unit 8 Making a Difference
单元知识总学案
人教版八年级下册英语
目录
01
重要词汇解析
02
重点短语精讲
03
单元语法详解
04
重点句型梳理
05
写作能力提升
01 重要词汇解析
系统梳理本单元的核心名词、动词、形容词与副词,并解析其用法与常见搭配,为语言运用打下坚实基础。
3
4
核心名词解析
掌握名词的词形变化与用法
visitor
参观者;来访者(可数名词,复数:visitors)
01
organization
组织;团体;机构(=organisation,可数名词)
02
stadium
体育馆;运动场(可数名词,复数:stadiums)
03
owner
主人;物主(可数名词,对应动词own“拥有”)
04
donation
捐赠物;捐赠(不可数/可数名词,对应动词donate“捐赠”)
05
interviewer
面试官;采访者(可数名词,对应动词interview“采访”)
06
4
youth
青年;青年时期(不可数名词,the youth“青年们”)
07
adult
成年人(可数名词,形容词义“成年的;成熟的”)
08
teamwork
团队合作(不可数名词)
09
audience
听众;观众(集合名词,视为整体时谓语单数,强调个体时复数)
10
success
成功(不可数名词,对应形容词successful“成功的”)
11
effort
努力;艰难的尝试(不可数/可数名词,常见搭配:make an effort“努力”)
12
核心名词解析
4
动词及动词短语的用法与区别
提供;给予
常用搭配:provide sth. for sb. / provide sb. with sth.
1. provide
(狗)吠叫(动词);
狗叫声(名词)
4. bark
捐赠;赠送
常用搭配:donate sth. to sb./sth.
对应名词donation
2. donate
报名(动词短语,同义短语:register)
5. sign up
分担工作;帮忙做(动词短语,后接with sth.或doing sth.)
3. help out
分发,动词短语
同义短语:give out,
反义短语:take in 吸收
6. hand out
核心动词短语
4
形容词/副词的词形变化与用法
elderly
年纪较大的;上了年纪的(修饰人,the elderly“老人”,集合名词)
01
active
活跃的;积极的
常用搭配:stay active“保持活跃”,对应副词actively)
02
missing
失踪的;丢失的(强调“找不到的”,区别于lost“丢失的,迷路的”)
03
practical
实用的;实际的(对应副词practically)
04
successful
成功的;有成就的
(对应名词success,副词successfully)
05
warmy
热情地;温暖地(对应形容词warm,
常用搭配:greet sb. warmly“热情问候某人”)
06
核心形容词副词
4
形容词/副词的词形变化与用法
life-saving
救命的;救生的(合成形容词,修饰名词,如life-saving skills“救生技能”)
07
ordinary
平凡的;普通的(反义词:special“特别的”)
08
willing
乐意的;愿意的
常用搭配:be willing to do sth.“乐意做某事”)
09
voluntary
自愿的;无偿的(对应副词voluntarily,名词volunteer“志愿者”)
10
worth
值得;有价值
常用搭配:be worth doing“值得做”,主动表被动
11
familiar
熟悉的
常用搭配:be familiar with sth.“通晓;熟悉某物”
12
核心形容词副词
02 重点短语精讲
聚焦本单元重点短语,通过例句解析其用法,帮助学生在语境中理解和运用。
3
4
1
make a difference
有(重要)作用;产生影响。
例句:Everyone can make a difference to the world.
每个人都能对世界产生影响。
2
sign up
报名。
例句:I signed up with Blue Sky Rescue last month. 我上个月报名加入了蓝天救援队。
3
help out
分担工作;帮忙做。
例句:She helps out at the animal shelter every weekend. 她每周在动物收容所帮忙。
4
provide aid
提供援助。
例句:The team provided aid to the disaster area.
团队向灾区提供了援助。
5
collect donations
筹集捐赠物。
例句:We are collecting donations for people in need. 我们正在为困难人群筹集捐赠物。
志愿服务相关的核心短语
4
06
自从;自……以后(引导时间状语从句,主句用现在完成时)
ever since
07
忙碌的。
例句:She's always on the go with her volunteer work. 她总是忙于志愿工作。
on the go
08
处于贫困中;生活困难。
例句:We should help people in need.
我们应该帮助困难的人。
in need
09
分发。
例句:Volunteers hand out hot meals to the homeless every day.
志愿者每天给无家可归的人分发热饭。
hand out
10
赶快;跟着来。
例句:Come along! We need to finish the volunteer work on time.
快点!我们要按时完成志愿工作。
come along
其他常用高频短语
4
11
最主要的是;尤其是(用于强调重点)
most of all
12
通晓;熟悉
例句:He is familiar with Chinese traditional art.
他通晓中国传统艺术。
be familiar with
13
值得这份努力
例句:All the volunteer work is worth the effort.
所有的志愿工作都值得这份努力。
be worth the effort
其他常用高频短语
03 单元语法详解
深入剖析本单元核心语法——现在完成时,包括定义、构成、标志词、易错点及不规则动词。
3
4
基本句型结构
1
肯定句
主语 + have/has + 动词过去分词(done)+ 其他。
例句:She has volunteered at the animal shelter for half a year.
她已经在动物收容所做了半年志愿者。
2
否定句
主语 + have/has + not + 动词过去分词 + 其他
(have not=haven't,has not=hasn't)。
例句:They haven't helped out at the nursing home since last month. 自从上个月起,他们就没去养老院帮忙了。
3
一般疑问句
Have/Has + 主语 + 动词过去分词 + 其他?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + have/has.
否定回答:No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.
例句:—Has she donated her pocket money to charity 她把零花钱捐给慈善机构了吗?
—Yes, she has. / No, she hasn't. She plans to do it tomorrow. 是的,她捐了。/ 没有,她打算明天捐。
现在完成时构成
4
01
for引导时间段
后接时间段(具体时长),表“动作持续了多久”,时间段前不加介词。
例句:I have worked as a volunteer guide for two months.我做志愿导游已经两个月了。
02
since引导时间点
后接具体时间或一般过去时的从句,表“自从某个时间点或动作发生以来”。
例句:He has been in the volunteer team since last Saturday. 自从上周六,他就加入了志愿队。We have known each other since we started volunteering together. 自从我们一起做志愿,就认识了。
掌握现在完成时与for/since的用法
4
掌握现在完成时标志词及用法
already
用于肯定句,可放句中(have/has之后)或句末,表“已经”。
例句:We have already finished collecting donations. 我们已经完成了捐赠物的筹集工作。
1
yet
用于否定句和疑问句,放句末,表“还(未)”。例句:They haven't decided which volunteer activity to join yet.
他们还没决定参加哪个志愿活动。
2
just
用于肯定句,放have/has之后,表“刚刚”。
例句:He has just come back from the nursing home. 他刚从养老院回来。
3
ever/never
ever用于疑问句,表“曾经”;never用于否定句,表“从未”。
例句:Have you ever helped the elderly cross the road 你曾经帮老人过马路吗?
I have never taken part in a volunteer activity abroad. 我从未参加过国外的志愿活动。
4
4
对比易混时态与动词
瞬间动词与延续性动词
瞬间动词(如join、buy、leave、start等)不能与for/since引导的时间段连用,需转换为对应的延续性动词/短语。
例句:
He has joined the charity for a month. (×)
He has been a member of the charity for a month. (√)
01
现在完成时 vs 一般过去时
现在完成时强调过去动作与现在的联系(持续到现在/对现在有影响);一般过去时仅表示过去发生的动作,与现在无关,明确说明动作发生的具体过去时间。
例句:We have helped out at the stadium many times. (强调对现在的影响:有丰富经验)
We helped out at the stadium last Sunday.
(仅说明过去事实,与现在无关)
02
语法易错点辨析
4
( )1. She ______ a volunteer in the community since she was 14 years old.
A. is B. was C. has been D. has become
语法练习题--单选题
( )3. They ______ already ______ the old people clean their rooms.
A. have;helped B. will;help C. did;help D. are;helping
( )4. —Has he handed out the donations yet —______. He will do it in ten minutes.
A. Yes, he has B. No, he hasn't C. Yes, he does D. No, he doesn't
( )5. He ______ to the animal shelter three days ago. He ______ there twice.
A. has gone;has been B. has gone;went C. went;went D.went;has been
( )2. —How long have you ______ the volunteer team —For about three months.
A. joined B. been in C. taken part in D. attended
C
B
A
B
D
4
1. I joined the volunteer organization last year.(改为现在完成时)
I ______ ______ a member of the volunteer organization since last year.
语法练习题--句型转换
3. They have finished collecting donations.(改为否定句)
They ______ ______ collecting donations yet.
4. He has already donated his pocket money.(改为一般疑问句)
______ he ______ his pocket money yet
2. She has volunteered at the nursing home for two years.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ has she volunteered at the nursing home
have been
How long
haven't finished
Has; donated
04 重点句型梳理
学习本单元用于表达志愿经历、感悟与号召的核心句型,提升交际与写作能力。
3
4
询问动作持续时间
How long have you + 过去分词 + 其他?(答句用for/since引导)
例句:How long have you been a volunteer 你做志愿者多久了?
01
表达志愿经历
I have + 过去分词 + 志愿相关动作 + for/since...
例句:I have helped out at over ten different sports events since I started. 自从开始做志愿者,我已经在十多个体育赛事中帮忙过。
02
强调必要性
It's important to + 动词原形 + 其他.
例句:It's important to care for the elderly. 关爱老人很重要。
03
表达选择与责任
Protecting... is not a choice, but a responsibility.(not...but...“不是……而是……”)
例句:Protecting wild animals is not a choice, but a responsibility. 保护野生动物不是选择,而是责任。
04
志愿经历表达
4
1
发出号召
Will you join us as + 身份?(用于演讲或倡议结尾,呼吁他人参与)
例句:Will you join us as a volunteer 你愿意加入我们做志愿者吗?
表达收获
Working as a volunteer has taught me...
例句:Working as a volunteer has taught me the value of every life.
做志愿者让我明白了生命的价值。
2
演讲常用表达
开头:Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for inviting me to speak to you about...
主体:Most of all...
结尾:Together we can make a difference! 我们携手就能有所作为!
3
掌握演讲中常用的号召性句型
05 写作能力提升
聚焦本单元写作主题,提供高分词句、写作框架及范文赏析,帮助学生提升书面表达能力。
3
4
01
帮助他人相关句式
1. help the elderly(关爱老人)
Eg: We should try our best to help the elderly. 我们应该尽力关爱老人。
2. help people in hospitals(帮助医院患者)
Eg: Volunteers go to help people in hospitals every weekend. 志愿者每周末去帮助医院里的患者。
3. teach children life skills(教孩子生活技能)
Eg: Parents should teach children life skills at home. 父母应该在家教孩子生活技能。
4. sign up for(报名参加) Eg: I want to sign up for the volunteer activity. 我想报名参加这次志愿者活动。
5. help out with(帮忙做) Eg: I often help out with housework on Sundays. 我经常在周日帮忙做家务。
6. hand out supplies(分发物资)
Eg: Workers hand out supplies to poor families.工作人员给贫困家庭分发物资。
7. collect donations(筹集捐赠物)
Eg: Our school collects donations for the homeless.我们学校为无家可归的人筹集捐赠物资。
8. devote...to...(致力于)
Eg: She devotes her free time to voluntary work. 她把空闲时间都致力于志愿工作。
高分短语与句式积累
4
02
1. a strong feeling of satisfaction(强烈的满足感)
Eg: I get a strong feeling of satisfaction when I help others.
当我帮助别人时,我有一种强烈的满足感。
2. gain experience(积累经验)
Eg: We can gain experience by taking part in volunteer work.
我们可以通过参加志愿活动积累经验。
3. learn patience and responsibility(学会耐心与责任)
Eg: Volunteering helps us learn patience and responsibility.
志愿活动能帮助我们学会耐心与责任。
4. bring joy to(给……带来快乐)
Eg: Smiles and kindness can bring joy to everyone around us.
微笑和善良能给身边每个人带来快乐。
高分短语与句式积累
情感与收获
4
03
1. make a difference(产生影响)
Eg: Small kindness can make a difference to others' lives. 小小的善意能给别人的生活带来影响。
2. in need(处于困境中)
Eg: We should give a hand to people in need. 我们应该帮助处于困境中的人。
3. join hands(携手)
Eg: Let’s join hands to help the poor. 让我们携手帮助穷人。
4. meaningful work(有意义的工作)
Eg: Volunteering is meaningful work for teenagers.志愿服务对青少年来说是有意义的工作。
5. build a warmer world(构建更温暖的世界)
Eg: We can work together to build a warmer world.
我们可以共同努力,构建一个更温暖的世界。
高分短语与句式积累
主题升华
4
演讲稿与申请信两种体裁结构
01
开头:问候听众,点明主题,吸引注意力。
主体:分享具体活动经历,阐述个人收获与感悟。
结尾:升华主题,呼吁大家参与,传递积极信念。
演讲稿(总-分-总结构)
02
开头:礼貌问候,说明申请意愿。
主体:介绍个人优势(兴趣、技能、经历)和能承担的工作。
结尾:表达期待回复的心情,感谢对方考虑。
申请信(逻辑清晰)
写作框架梳理
4
演讲稿范文
01
志愿服务演讲稿
Good morning, everyone!
I'm Li Hua. Today I want to talk about my volunteer experience. Last month, I volunteered at a nursing home with my classmates. First, we cleaned the rooms and watered the plants. Besides, we chatted with the elderly and sang songs for them.
This experience taught me patience and love. Helping others brings me great satisfaction. Volunteering makes the world warmer. Let's join hands to do more volunteer work. Together we can make a difference!
Thank you for listening!
参考范文赏析
4
申请邮件范文
02
志愿者申请电子邮件
Dear Sir/Madam,
I'm Li Hua, a student from Grade 8. I'm writing to apply to be a volunteer in your animal shelter because I love animals very much.
I have experience in taking care of animals. I often help my neighbor look after her pet dog on weekends. I am patient and hard-working. I can clean the cages, feed the animals and help find owners for lost pets. I am willing to devote my free time to this meaningful work.
I am looking forward to your reply. Thank you for your consideration.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
参考范文赏析
Thank you!

展开更多......

收起↑

资源预览