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(共22张PPT)
UNIT 1　SCIENCE FICTION
(单元主题语境：人与社会——科学与技术)
Section Ⅱ　 Learning About Language
复习被动语态
一、被动语态的时态变化
[感知]
1.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace.
两年后，受《牡丹亭》的启发，在距离莎士比亚出生地仅十分钟步行路程的弗斯花园，一座六米高的亭子建成。
2.We must be aware of the fact that our beautiful environment is being destroyed now.
我们必须意识到美丽的环境正在被破坏。
3.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Due to a big storm, my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half.
由于一场大风暴，我乘坐的航班已经延误了一个半小时。
4.We went to the playground with the kites which had been made by ourselves.
我们带着自己做的风筝去了操场。
5.(2023·浙江1月卷)When you're riding on trains，you won't be provided with a blanket for free，even if your trip is an overnight one.
你乘坐火车时，即使要在火车上过夜，也不会有人为你提供免费毯子。
6.(2024·全国甲卷)What should be done with such a beautiful place
对于这样一个美丽的地方，我们应该做些什么呢？
[探究]
时态 被动语态的构成
现在时 一般式 am/is/are done
进行式 am/is/are
完成式
过去时 一般式 was/were done
进行式
完成式
being done
has/have been done
was/were being done
had been done
时态 被动语态的构成
一般将来时
过去将来时 would/should be done
含有情态动词的被动语态 情态动词＋
will/shall be done
be done
“get＋过去分词”也可以表示被动意义。例如：
You should apply sunscreen to your skin to avoid getting sunburnt when you go out in the hot sun.
在烈日下外出时你应该涂上防晒霜，以免皮肤被晒伤。
[即练]
单句填空
1.After a three-year pilot period，the GPNP will be officially set up next year.The GPNP (design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性) of natural ecosystems ...”
2.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Within weeks，it had all been digested，and all that (leave) was pure water.
is designed
was left
3.From the activity，I learn that at present the environment (destroy) because of people's harmful activities.
4.(2023·全国甲卷)In 1975，grizzlies (list) under the Endangered Species Act.
5.Hearing he (select) as the new goalkeeper of the team，Sam could hardly believe his ears.
6.With their joint efforts，the man was saved，who got (injure) and buried under the fallen castle.
is being destroyed
were listed
had been selected
injured
二、主动形式表示被动意义的情况
[感知]
1.The silk feels soft and comfortable.But it is difficult to make.
这种丝绸摸起来柔软舒适。但是制作起来很困难。
2.The book sells well.
这本书卖得不错。
3.As for study，it is essential to find out what needs doing/to be done.
就学习而言，弄清需要做什么是很重要的。
[归纳]
1.连系动词(如feel、look、sound、smell、taste、remain等)后接表语时，一般用主动形式表示被动意义。
2.当sell、open、close、shut、lock、move、read、wash、clean、cook、cut、wear、carry等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。
3.need、want、require等少数表示“需要”的动词后跟 v.-ing时，常用主动形式表示被动意义。其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式 to be done。
常见的不能用于被动语态的动词(短语)有appear、suffer、belong to、disappear、happen、break out、come true、take place、run out、consist of、date back等。
[即练]
单句填空/完成句子
1.After the concert，Naomi told the family that Steve's music was beautiful and professional.It needed (share) in public.
2.我们的学校看起来既新式又美观。
Our school as well as modern.
3.如果还有什么不清楚的地方，请告诉我。
If there is anything that ，please tell me.
sharing/to be shared
looks beautiful
remains unclear
4.每当他走进教室时，你都能看到他眼中的渴望。
You can see the eagerness in his eyes whenever .
he walks into the classroom
三、使用被动语态时应注意的问题
[感知]
1.They made him go there alone.(主动语态)
→He was made to go there alone by them.(被动语态)
他们让他独自去那里。
2.They were given some vivid performances such as singing and dancing.
→Some vivid performances such as singing and dancing were given to them.
为他们进行了一些生动的表演，比如唱歌和跳舞。
3.She often looks after the old.(主动语态)
→The old are often looked after by her.(被动语态)
她经常照看老人。
4.When I am faced with the choice of doing nothing or doing something，I will always choose to act.
当我面临无所作为或有所行动时，我会永远选择有所行动。
[归纳]
1.句子为主动语态时，跟在谓语动词make、see、hear、watch、notice等后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式不带to，但变为被动语态时，to必须还原。
2.接双宾语的动词变被动语态
主动语态：动词＋间接宾语(通常指人)＋直接宾语(通常指物)
被动语态：
①若间接宾语变为被动句的主语，直接宾语形式不变；
②若直接宾语变为被动句的主语，间接宾语前面加介词to或for。
3.将含有“动词＋介词/副词”类动词短语(如look after、put on) 的主动句变为被动句时，原动词短语中的介词或副词应保留。
4.有些“be＋过去分词”结构是被动形式却表示主动意义，用来表明主语的状态，如be faced with(面临)、be seated(坐着)等。
[即练]
单句填空
1.When we (seat) in the car，Laura told me her sad story.
2.Any child caught misbehaving was made (stand) at the front of the class.
3.Many prizes will be given the players who are in the top 3.
4.He started feeling excited，wondering what the hard candy was made
.
were seated
to stand
to
from
用括号内单词的适当形式填空
As 1. (know) to all，in the past 70 years，great achievements 2. (gain) in environmental protection in China. Especially in recent decades，a series of wildlife protection movements 3. (carry) out by the government. As a result，impressive progress 4. (make) in protecting several species，such as the giant panda and the crested ibis(朱鹮).
is known
have been gained
have/has been carried
has been made
Nowadays some pandas 5. (feed) by keepers and when they grow up，they 6. (release) into the wild. In 1981，only seven crested ibises 7. (find) in Yangxian County，Shaanxi Province. Since then，breeding programs have helped the population reach over 7，000.
In China，key projects 8. (set) up continually in the future to enhance wildlife protection；for example，the ivory(象牙) trade has already 9. (ban) in China. In a word，we are
are fed
will be released
were found
will be set
been banned
sure that with more and more measures taken，wildlife 10.
(protect) more effectively.
will be protected

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