资源简介

(共28张PPT)
UNIT 2　ICONIC ATTRACTIONS
(单元主题语境：人与社会——标志性风物)
Section Ⅱ　 Learning About Language
复习过去分词
过去分词是非谓语动词中分词的一种。规则动词的过去分词一般是由动词加-ed构成，也有一些不规则变化。过去分词在句中常常可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。
一、过去分词作定语
[感知]
1.Lost time(＝Time which is lost) can never be found again.
时光一去不复返。
2.(2023·浙江1月卷)All campers should bring their own bagged lunch and snacks.
所有营员应自备袋装午餐及零食。
3.“Are you sure there is nothing left？” the old man asked him.
“你确定什么也没剩下吗？”老人问他。
4.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse (＝which is named Glasshouse), is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times.
这座名为“温室”的美丽建筑位于一个新园林的中心，该园林展示了丝绸之路是如何影响当今的英国园林的。
[探究]
1.过去分词作定语时往往与被修饰词靠得很近，这种分词叫分词形容词，实际上其作用相当于一个形容词，除了表示动作完成之外，还表示 的意义。
2.单个的过去分词，一般放在被修饰名词的前面，作 定语；而过去分词短语通常位于被修饰的名词之后，作 定语。
3.修饰不定代词的过去分词应放其后；少数单个的过去分词，如left等，只能作 定语。过去分词作后置定语时，相当于一个
从句。
被动
前置
后置
后置
定语
①不及物动词的过去分词常表示动作已完成，而不表示被动的意义。如：
falling leaves正在飘落的叶子(表示正在进行)
fallen leaves落叶(表示完成)
the exploded bomb已爆炸的炸弹
a retired miner一位已退休的矿工
②learn和light都有两种形式的过去分词，但作定语时，只能用拼写较长的过去分词。如：
a learned lawyer一位博学的律师
a lighted lamp一盏点亮的灯
[即练]
单句填空
1.(2023·浙江1月卷)In the Ming Dynasty，the center was the Forbidden City， (surround) in concentric(同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City.
2.Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation (hold) in Beijing，Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute(致敬) to the ancient Silk Road.
surrounded
held
3.It's jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away—from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables (reject) by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes (throw) into restaurant garbage cans.
4.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Shanghai may be the (recognize) home of the soup dumplings，but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring ancient canal town of Nanxiang as xiao long bao's birthplace.
5.(2023·全国乙卷改编)Beijing is home to more than 3，000 years of glorious history even down to its layout，with the city keeping its carefully (build) system of ring roads.
rejected
thrown
recognized
built
6.(2023·全国甲卷)Behind the simple style，however，is a serious message (intend) for everyone.
intended
二、过去分词作表语
[感知]
1.However，there are still some problems that remain unsolved.
然而，仍有一些问题尚未解决。
2.I am greatly inspired by his spirit of perseverance.
他坚韧不拔的精神使我深受鼓舞。
3.Your newspaper can focus on any topic that is inspiring.
你的报纸可以关注任何鼓舞人心的话题。
[探究]
1.过去分词作表语时，总是在系动词(be、appear、feel、remain、seem、look等)之后，构成 结构。
2.过去分词和现在分词作表语的区别
过去分词作表语多表示人自身的感觉或事物自身的状态，常译作“ ”；现在分词作表语则多表示事物具有的特性，常译作“ ”。
系表
感到……的
令人……的
过去分词作表语与被动语态
过去分词与be动词连用时，要注意区分是“系表结构”还是“被动语态”。作表语的过去分词表示状态，而被动语态中的过去分词表示动作。
The window was broken.
这个窗户是坏的。(表示状态)
The window was broken by Tom yesterday.
昨天这个窗户被Tom打破了。(表示动作)
[即练]
单句填空
1.I am (excite) to know that the Young Volunteers Association are recruiting new members.
2.One of the players from the team got (injure) while training.
3.All contestants are required to remain (seat) until the bell rings.
4.Tom sounds very (interest) in the job，but I'm not sure whether he can manage it.
5.For those with family members far away，the personal computer and the phone are important tools for them to stay (connect).
excited
injured
seated
interested
connected
三、过去分词作宾语补足语
[感知]
1.David was quite excited—he finally had his wishes fulfilled!
大卫非常兴奋——他的愿望终于实现了！
2.I find myself trapped in the situation where I can't naturally express myself in English.
我发现自己陷入了无法用英语自然地表达自我的困境。
[探究]
1.过去分词可以在“主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中充当
。
2.在这一结构中，过去分词和它前面的宾语构成逻辑上的 关系。
宾语补足语
动宾
牢记“四大宾语补足语”
①使役动词 have、get、make、leave、keep 等后可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
I raised my voice to make myself heard.
我提高了声音以便让别人听到。
②感官动词 see、hear、notice、observe、watch、feel、find 等后可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
I saw an old man knocked down by a car.
我看到一位老人被车撞倒了。
③表示“意愿；命令”的动词，如 like、want、wish、order 等可用过去分词作宾语补足语，相当于过去分词前省略to be。
The father wants his daughter taught the piano.
这位父亲想让女儿学钢琴。
④在“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中，过去分词用作宾语补足语时与宾语之间是动宾关系。
With many brightly-colored flowers planted around it，his house looks like a beautiful garden.
由于周围种着许多色彩鲜艳的花，他的房子看上去就像一个漂亮的花园。
[即练]
单句填空
1.(2023·浙江1月卷改编)With one end of a rope (tie) to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree，Ziyad began climbing.
2.The English Corner aims to get more students (interest) in English.
3.The villagers saw the fire brightly in the distance.When they hurried there，they found some houses to the ground already.(burn)
tied
interested
burning
burned/burnt
4.The program was so exciting that the children kept their eyes (fix) on the screen.
5.He got his bad tooth (pull) yesterday，for it had caused him too much pain.
fixed
pulled
四、过去分词作状语
[感知]
1.Tired from a hard day's work，he fell asleep soon.
＝Because he was tired from a hard day's work，he fell asleep soon.
经过一天的辛苦工作，他疲惫不堪，很快就睡着了。
2.Heated，water can be changed into steam.
＝When it is heated，water can be changed into steam.
水受热会变成水蒸气。
3.Given another chance，he can do it better.
＝If he is given another chance，he can do it better.
如果再给他一次机会，他会做得更好。
4.Defeated again，we did not lose heart.
＝Though/Although we were defeated again，we did not lose heart.
虽然再次被击败，但我们没有灰心。
5.The teacher stood there，surrounded by many students.
＝The teacher stood there，and he was surrounded by many students.
老师站在那儿，身边围着许多学生。
[探究]
过去分词作状语可表示时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、伴随的意义。过去分词作状语相当于一个表示时间、地点、原因、条件、让步等的 从句。若过去分词作状语，则句子的主语与分词所表示的动作构成 关系，即主语是该分词动作的承受者。
状语
动宾
现在分词与过去分词作状语
作状语时，是用现在分词形式还是用过去分词形式，取决于该动词与句子主语之间的关系。如果是逻辑上的主谓关系，一般用现在分词；如果是逻辑上的动宾关系，则一般用过去分词。
Seeing from the top of the hill，we find the park even more beautiful.
从山顶上看，我们发现这个公园更加美丽。(see与主语we之间是主谓关系)
Seen from the top of the hill，the park looks even more beautiful.
从山顶上看，这个公园看起来更加美丽。(see与主语the park之间是动宾关系)
[即练]
单句填空
1.During the activity，self-introduction should be made first，
(follow) by question-and-answer session.
2. (inspire) by Dr.Yuan Longping，I'm determined to study hard now and help Chinese people live a better life some day.
3. (face) with the crisis，we students should respond actively to the appeal from authority and experts.
followed
Inspired
Faced
4. (finish) the procedures as required，I can depart almost instantly at your call.
5. (write) by Cao Xueqin，a famous novelist of Qing Dynasty，A Dream of Red Mansions is one of the Four Great Classical Novels of China.
6. (expose) to a lot of new ideas when studying in college，Mary always does something that others can't understand.
7.Once (visit)，the city will never be forgotten.
Having finished
Written
Exposed
visited
用括号内单词的适当形式填空
I would like to live in a house which is fancily 1. (design) and 2. (surround) by walnut trees and which has a garden 3. (fill) with flowers.4. (paint) yellow and green，the walls of these 5. (decorate) rooms would seem larger than they really are.In each room there would be a specially 6. (make) armchair for me to sit in，7. (place) in the most comfortable
designed
surrounded
filled
Painted
decorated
made
placed
position.In this seat I would have music 8. (pipe) in from elsewhere in the house.I would be able to experiment with music 9. (create) by myself in a special room.This would be the very house I would like to live in.
piped
created

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