资源简介

(共30张PPT)
UNIT 4　 SHARING
(单元主题语境：人与社会——志愿服务)
Section Ⅱ　 Learning About Language
复习短语
一、短语的含义及分类
英语中的短语是有一定意义但不构成独立从句或句子的一组词。从形式结构角度划分，英语的短语可分为名词短语、动词短语、形容词短语、副词短语、介词短语等。
短语的句法功能：
①名词短语→主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语或同位语
②形容词短语→定语、状语、补足语或表语
③副词短语→状语(修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子)
④介词短语→状语、补足语、表语或定语
二、名词短语
[感知]
1.(2023·浙江1月卷)The last day to cancel registration and receive a full refund is June 15.(主语；宾语)
取消注册并获得全额退款的最后一天是6月15日。
2.A doctor tells me people who live the longest are dancers and cyclists.(主语；表语)
一位医生告诉我，最长寿的人是舞者和自行车手。
3.Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.(宾语补足语)
高情商并不一定使一个人成为有道德的人。
[归纳]
名词短语的构成：限定词＋修饰语(介词短语、形容词、描述性名词、不定式、定语从句、同位语从句)＋名词＋修饰语。名词短语在句中当作名词用，一般用作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语或同位语。
在名词短语的“构成”中，限定词包括冠词(a、an、the)、指示代词(this、that、these、those等)、物主代词(my、your、his、her、our、their等)和不定代词(some、no、neither、both等)。
[即练]
用下划线标出名词短语并写出其句法功能/完成句子
1.The visit was a great success.
2.I'm Li Hua，a senior 3 student.
3.A variety of electronic equipment came into being.
4.Here I'd like to express my warmest welcome!
The visit；主语；a great success；表语
a senior 3 student；同位语
A variety of electronic equipment；主语
my warmest welcome；宾语
5.下面的建议可能会有所帮助。
may be helpful.
6.慢跑是一种很好的热身运动。
Jogging is .
7.我有很多的阅读经验。
I have .
The following suggestions
a good warm-up exercise
a lot of reading experience
三、动词短语
[感知]
1.You have been working hard in the past few years.
在过去的几年里，你一直在努力工作。
2.Tony might have been waiting for you outside.
托尼可能一直在外面等你。
3.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)What I was to do was fly to Topeka to pick up Tiffy.
我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接蒂菲。
4.(2023·浙江1月卷)Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground.
齐亚德靠近了离地面约20米的蜂巢。
[归纳]
1.动词短语是由一个主动词和一个或多个助动词组成的一组词，用于表达英语句子中的各种时态、语态、情态和语气。
2.短语动词是一种固定的词组，一般由动词加介词或副词构成。
短语动词的常见形式
①动词＋介词。如：look at看着；stick to坚持；contribute to导致；bring about引起；burst into闯入；seek for寻找；deal with处理。
②动词＋副词。如：put up举起，张贴；put on穿上；put down放下；put away放好，收起；give up放弃；give away赠送，泄露；give back归还。
③动词＋副词＋介词。如：look forward to盼望，期望；look up to尊重；get on with与……相处；put up with忍受；keep away from远离；keep up with赶上；look down on轻视。
④动词＋名词＋介词。如：pay attention to关注，注意；make contributions to为……作出贡献；catch sight of看见，发现；make use of利用；take notice of注意到；take part in参加；take advantage of利用。
[即练]
完成句子
1.我希望你在中国过得愉快。
I hope you in China.
2.我希望将来成为一名科学家。
I a scientist in the future.
3.每一个伟大的梦想都始于梦想家。
Every great dream a dreamer.
will have a good time
hope to become
begins/starts with
4.只有这样，你才能健康快乐地生活和学习。
Only in this way can you .
live and study happily and healthily
四、形容词短语
[感知]
1.I am more than delighted to inform you of the relevant information.(表语)
我非常高兴地向你告知有关情况。
2.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I met Gunter on a cold, wet and unforgettable evening in September.(定语)
我在九月的一个寒冷、潮湿而又难忘的夜晚遇见了冈特。
3.I find this kind of reading very interesting.(宾语补足语)
我发现这种阅读很有趣。
4.He walked in the wind，cold and hungry.(状语)
他在风中走着，又冷又饿。
[探究]
形容词短语在句中的功能相当于形容词，主要作 修饰名词或代词，也可以作 或者 。有时形容词短语也可以作 ，表示条件、原因、伴随、让步等。
定语
表语
宾语补足语
状语
常见的形容词短语的构成
①副词＋形容词。如：very suitable
②形容词＋enough。如：good enough
③形容词＋介词短语。如：good for nothing
④副词＋形容词＋介词短语。如：well worthy of praise
[即练]
完成句子/句型转换
1.最重要的是，我希望他不要派我与那个好胜心很强又极其严肃的家伙一起工作。
Above all，I hoped he wouldn't assign me to work with the fellow.
2.我知道他已经尽力了。尽管如此，他的工作仍然不够好。
I know that he has tried hard；be that as it may，his work is just not
.
fiercely competitive and extremely serious
good enough
3.脂肪和糖富含能量，但缺乏维生素和矿物质。
Fats and sugar are but poor in vitamins and minerals.
4.我发现很难作决定。
I found it .
5.Crusoe was full of fear and stared at the footprint.
→Crusoe stared at the footprint， .(形容词短语作伴随状语)
6.Mr.Green went down to wake up the girl because he was angry with her for oversleeping.
→ ，Mr.Green went down to wake her up.(形容词短语作原因状语)
very rich in energy
really difficult to decide
full of fear
Angry with the girl for oversleeping
五、副词短语
[感知]
1.(2023·浙江1月卷改编)Most long-distance trains sell out very quickly.(修饰动词)
大多数长途火车票很快就会卖光。
2.His work is better by far than that of any other printer in the city.(修饰形容词)
他的工作比本市其他任何印刷工的都好得多。
3.More importantly，many of them want to go back to their villages to work.(修饰句子)
更重要的是，他们中的许多人想要返回他们的村庄工作。
[归纳]
副词短语以副词为核心词，同时整个短语在句子中充当状语，仍然具有副词的功能，修饰动词、形容词或句子。
①副词短语在句中主要作状语，还可以作定语或表语。
②常见的副词短语：
as soon as possible尽快地
as carefully as sb.can某人尽可能小心/认真地
as big as和……一样大
not as/so old as不如……年纪大
as usual像往常一样
once upon a time从前
now and then时不时地，偶尔
over and over again一再，反复
[即练]
单句填空/完成句子
1.More (important)，you can benefit greatly from your volunteering activities in your community.
2.她教我们英语教得很好。
She teaches us English .
importantly
very well
3.同样重要的是，我曾经做过几次志愿者。
，I previously served as a volunteer several times.
4.我正尽可能仔细地做我的家庭作业。
I'm doing my homework .
Equally importantly
as carefully as I can
六、介词短语
[感知]
1.You may as well introduce some tourist attractions in London to me.(定语)
你不妨给我介绍一些伦敦的旅游景点。
2.You can always be in a good mood and high spirits.(表语)
你总是可以有一个好心情和高昂的精神。
3.They found the machine in a bad state.(宾语补足语)
他们发现这台机器状况不佳。
4.(2023·浙江1月卷)Then you won't have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for your meals.(定语；状语)
这样你就不必为了吃饭而每天三次在行驶的火车上穿过几节车厢了。
[归纳]
介词短语的构成： 介词＋宾语(名词、宾格代词、动词-ing形式等)。介词短语可以作定语(须后置)、状语、表语、宾语补足语。
介词短语由介词加宾语构成，本身可作句子成分，如定语或状语等，可单独使用。短语介词与介词短语不同。短语介词是用作介词的短语，不可独立使用，本身不能作句子成分，常由“介词＋介词”“介词＋名词”“介词＋分词”“介词＋动词”“介词＋形容词”“介词＋副词”等构成，如according to、along with、in front of、by means of、in spite of、together with、with regard to等。
[即练]
用下划线标出介词短语并写出其句法功能/完成句子
1.The man in the room is Li Ming's uncle.
2.His face was without expression.
3.I saw George at work.
4.He did it on purpose.
in the room；定语
without expression；表语
at work；宾语补足语
on purpose；状语
5.袁隆平1930年生于北京。
Yuan Longping was born .
6.上午的课程是从上午8点到12点。
The morning classes are .
7.与此同时，他的脸上又像往常一样透出粲然一笑。
，his usual big toothy smile appeared
again.
in Beijing in 1930
from 8 a.m. to 12 a.m.
At the same time
on his face
根据汉语提示完成下面短文
Dear Mrs. Smith，
Learning that you're 1. (寻找) someone to teach 2. (你九岁的女儿) Chinese，I'm 3. (写信推荐) my friend Wang Lin.
Self-discipline and diligence make Wang Lin 4. (拔尖的学生之一) in the class.Being good at Chinese and
looking for
writing to recommend
your 9-year-old daughter
one of the top students
English，he once won first prize 5. (在我们学校的演讲比赛中).6. (更重要的是)，he is easy-going and 7. (乐于帮助) others.8. (简言之)，I 9. (确信) he's an ideal candidate.
I'd be 10. (非常高兴) if you could consider my recommendation.
Yours，
Li Hua
in our school speech contest
More importantly
willing to help
In short
am convinced that
more than glad

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